Cleeve, Marigold, Comp. TITLE Suggestions for the Classical Shelves of a School Library
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Early Latin Introduction – Part 1: Language and Speakers Roadmap
GIUSEPPE PEZZINI Early Latin Introduction – Part 1: Language and Speakers Roadmap . What is Early Latin? . Who were its users? . When was it spoken/written? . Where? Early Latin – Introduction, Part 1 2 What is Early Latin? . Diachronic variety of Latin . Language spoken by people living in ancient Latium, in the centuries before Christ Ancient Italy Ancient Latium Early Latin – Introduction, Part 1 3 Latin during the Roman Empire Early Latin – Introduction, Part 1 4 Europe in the Middle Ages Europe in the 12th century (Latin as the lingua Europe in the 16th century (Latin as the official franca of culture) language of the Church in the areas marked in orange) Early Latin – Introduction, Part 1 5 Latin in the (post)modern age Early Latin – Introduction, Part 1 6 Classical Latin . Variety codified by grammar(ian)s over the centuries (‘correct Latin’) . Based on a selected number of texts produced in the late 1st century BC (mainly Cicero) . In fact, the text of Cicero printed in modern editions different from the original, having been standardised according to conventions codified only in the following centuries . Latin at the time of Cicero was not a monolithic entity; huge linguistic variety, at all levels (spelling, phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicon), exploited by Cicero himself in different texts Early Latin – Introduction, Part 1 7 Classical Latin . Never existed as a ‘real language’ . Not a ‘diachronic variety’ (vs. ‘late republican/imperial Latin’), but rather artificial variety, constrained by standardisation (attested all across the history of Latin, including the ‘early period’) Early Latin – Introduction, Part 1 8 Early Latin vs. -
The Elements of Abbreviation in Medieval Latin Paleography
The elements of abbreviation in medieval Latin paleography BY ADRIANO CAPPELLI Translated by David Heimann and Richard Kay UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LIBRARIES, 1982 University of Kansas Publications Library Series, 47 The elements of abbreviation in medieval Latin paleography BY ADRIANO CAPPELLI Translated by David Heimann and Richard Kay UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LIBRARIES, 1982 Printed in Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A. by the University of Kansas Printing Service PREFACE Take a foreign language, write it in an unfamiliar script, abbreviating every third word, and you have the compound puzzle that is the medieval Latin manuscript. For over two generations, paleographers have taken as their vade mecum in the decipherment of this abbreviated Latin the Lexicon abbreviaturarum compiled by Adriano Cappelli for the series "Manuali Hoepli" in 1899. The perennial value of this work undoubtedly lies in the alphabetic list of some 14,000 abbreviated forms that comprises the bulk of the work, but all too often the beginner slavishly looks up in this dictionary every abbreviation he encounters, when in nine cases out of ten he could ascertain the meaning by applying a few simple rules. That he does not do so is simply a matter of practical convenience, for the entries in the Lexicon are intelligible to all who read Latin, while the general principles of Latin abbreviation are less easily accessible for rapid consultation, at least for the American student. No doubt somewhere in his notes there is an out line of these rules derived from lectures or reading, but even if the notes are at hand they are apt to be sketchy; for reference he would rather rely on the lengthier accounts available in manuals of paleography, but more often than not he has only Cappelli's dictionary at his elbow. -
A Renaissance for Medieval Classics
JOHN HARVard’s JournAL really anything that could serve the same can keep a medieval spelling,” Ziolkow Jan Ziolkowski functions as the Loeb for the medieval pe ski explains. “It’s going to throw people riod, and that was a frustration for me as I who are trained in classical Latin, to get thought about trying to communicate my some of the spellings that we’ve got, I feel field to a wider public.” The project in no doubt about that; however, they’ll have cubated until Ziolkowski was appointed the English alongside to help them get ac director of Dumbarton Oaks in the sum customed to it, so I hope the novelty will mer of 2007, when he began to discuss the excite people rather than deter them.” process of bringing it into existence with But Ziolkowski also hopes the series HUP. will appeal more broadly, serving both the Sharmila Sen, general editor for the hu lay reader and the specialist. “You have to manities at HUP, oversees DOML (www. appeal to a wide audience, but also satisfy hup.harvard.edu/collection.php?cpk=1320) the erudite people,” he explains. This ap as well as its predecessors and compan proach has also informed the selection of ions, the Loeb Classical Library and I the texts for DOML: “I’ve been trying to Tatti Renaissance Library (see “Reread strike a balance between something that ing the Renaissance,” MarchApril 2006, people will have heard of before, and then page 34). “There is a thousandyear gap some texts that are quite offbeat.” between Loeb and I Tatti, so DOML per Three titles will formally open the proj forms a muchneeded function of making ect. -
THESIS for T H E D E G R E E of a .3 V COLLEGE of LITERATURE and ARTS
J7 (, 67 yS'U THE REFERENCES TO ROMAN MANNERS, CUSTOMS, LAWS AND HISTORY IN THE TRINUMMUS AND RUDENS OF PLAUTUS BY NELLIE BESORE THESIS FOR t h e d e g r e e of A .3 v COLLEGE OF LITERATURE AND ARTS: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS. I8RA. i. BIBLIOGRAPHY. h<D 0 0 Ashmore's "Adelphoe" of Terence. Becker's "Charicle$." Becker's "Gallus." Harrington's "Captivi, Trinuramus and Rudens of Plautus." Morey's "Outlines of Roman Law." Riley's "Literal English Translation of the Comedies of Plautus." Sellar's "Roman Poets of the Republic." Slornan's "Phormio of Terence." Smith's "Dictionary of Greek and Roman, Antiquities." Texiffel's "History of Roman Literature," Vol. I. THE REFERENCES TO ROMAN MANNERS, CUSTOMS, LAWS AND HISTORY IN THE TRINUMMUS AND RUDENS OF PLAUTUS. Plautus modeled these two plays upon Greek come dies, the "Trinumtnus" upon a play by Philemon, the "Rudens" probably on one by Diphiius. But, though he took from them the outward conditions, much of the manner and spirit of the personages is Roman. To find the instances of his own ori ginality, of his independence of the Greek models, is the object of this thesis. In Italy as in Greece there had long existed the songs and dances of the harvest and vintage festivals, and the extemporized dialogues and rustic raillery of the fes tive gatherings where coarse, good-humored bantering was in terchanged. From such beginnings the Greeks developed a reg ular Comedy as early as the sixth century, B. C., but among the Romans these Fescennine Verses never rose above gross personalities and crude representations. -
Illinois Classical Studies
i 11 Parallel Lives: Plutarch's Lives, Lapo da Castiglionchio the Younger (1405-1438) and the Art of Italian Renaissance Translation CHRISTOPHER S. CELENZA Before his premature death in 1438 of an outbreak of plague in Ferrara, the Florentine humanist and follower of the papal curia Lapo da Castiglionchio the Younger left behind three main bodies of work in Latin, all still either unedited or incompletely edited: his own self-collected letters, a small number of prose treatises, and a sizeable corpus of Greek-to-Latin translations. This paper concerns primarily the last of these three aspects of his work and has as its evidentiary focus two autograph manuscripts that contain inter alia final versions of Lapo's Latin translations of Plutarch's Lives of Themistocles, Artaxerxes, and Aratus. In addition, however, to studying Lapo's translating techniques, this paper will address chiefly the complexities of motivation surrounding Lapo's choice of dedicatees for these translations. The range of circumstances will demonstrate, I hope, the lengths to which a young, little-known humanist had to go to support himself in an environment where there was as yet no real fixed, institutional place for a newly created discipline. Lapo and Translation: Patronage, Theory, and Practice Of the three areas mentioned, Lapo's translations represent the most voluminous part of his oeuvre and in fact it is to his translations that he owes his modem reputation. But why did this young humanist devote so much energy to translating? And why were Plutarch's Lives such an important part of his effort? An earlier version of this paper was delivered as an Oldfather Lecture at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign on 8 November 1996. -
CAMWS 2015 Handout
Serena S. Witzke, Ohio Wesleyan University March 26, 2015 [email protected] CAMWS Annual Meeting, Section III, Session H “I WENT IN A LOVER AND CAME OUT A BROTHER?” NEAR-MISS INCEST IN PLAUTUS’ COMEDIES I. Near-Miss Incest and Woman Sharing in New Comedy NEAR-MISS INCEST QUASI-INCESTUOUS WOMAN SHARING Father/Daughter Brother/Sister Menander Georgos Perikeiromene Samia1 Plautus Rudens Epidicus Casina Poenulus Curculio Asinaria Casina Mercator (Bacchides)2 II. Common Elements of Recognition Plots • child separated from parents through dramatic calamity or deliberate exposure • child suffers hardships derived from uncertain social status • anagnorisis: recognition via tokens (symboli) or verbal remembrance (signa) • salvation from sex labor, slavery, incest • emotional reunion with parents • reconciliation: reintegration of child into natal society (often a marriage occurs) III. Near-Miss Incest A. Rudens (892-94) Daemones: Bene factum et volup est, me hodie his It was well done and a pleasure that today I gave mulierculis help to these little ladies. I’ve obtained them as my tetulisse auxilium. iam clientas repperi, dependents and both are shapely and juicy. atque ambas forma scitula atque aetatula. B. Poenulus Prologus character: ilico omnis meretrices, ubi Pro: At once he locates all the meretrices, where quisque habitant, invenit; they live; he gives each one money, spends the dat aurum, ducit noctem, rogitat postibi night, asks where she’s from, what her birthplace und’ sit, quoiatis, captane an surrupta sit, is, was she captured or abducted, who is her natal quo genere gnata, qui parentes fuerint. (106-110) family, who were her parents. Hanno: Gaudio ero vobis. -
Subject Placement in the History of Latin
Catalan Journal of Linguistics 16, 2017 125-161 Subject Placement in the History of Latin Lieven Danckaert CNRS/Université de Lille 3 [email protected] Received: May 2, 2017 Accepted: July 17, 2017 Abstract The aim of this paper is to provide further support for one aspect of the analysis of Classical and Late Latin clause structure proposed in Danckaert (2017a), namely the diachrony of subject place- ment. According to the relevant proposal, one needs to distinguish an earlier grammar (‘Grammar A’, whose heyday is the period from ca. 200 BC until 200 AD), in which there is no A-movement for subjects, and a later grammar (‘Grammar B’, which is on the rise from ca. 50-100 AD, and fully productive from ca. 200 AD onwards), where subjects optionally move to the inflectional layer. Assuming the variationist acquisition model of language change developed in Yang (2000, 2002a,b), I present corpus evidence which confirms that it is only in the Late Latin period that TP-internal subjects fully establish themselves as a grammatical option. Keywords: Latin; language change; word order; subject placement; grammar competition Resum. La posició del subjecte en la historia del llatí L’objectiu d’aquest article és proporcionar un suport addicional a un aspecte de l’anàlisi de l’estructura oracional del llatí clàssic i llatí tardà proposada a Danckaert (2017a), a saber, la dia- cronia de la posició del subjecte. D’acord amb la proposta rellevant, cal distingir una gramàtica anterior (‘Gramàtica A’, l’apogeu de la qual és aproximadament el període comprès entre el 200aC i el 200dC), en què no hi ha moviment-A per als subjectes, i una gramàtica posterior (‘Gramàtica B’, que sorgeix aproximadament el 50-100dC, i esdevé totalment productiva a partir del 200dC en endavant), on els subjectes es mouen opcionalment a la capa flexional. -
Curriculum Vitae-Microsoft
CURRICULUM VITAE Judith Evans Grubbs, Betty Gage Holland Professor of Roman History Department of History, Emory University 123 Bowden Hall Phone: (404) 727-3386 Email: [email protected] Home phone: (404) 373-1250 Faculty affiliations at Emory: Faculty, Department of History Faculty, Ancient Mediterranean Studies Program Affiliated faculty, Graduate Division of Religion (in New Testament Studies and in Historical Studies in Theology and Religion) Associated faculty, Classics Department Associated faculty, Center for the Study of Law and Religion I. EDUCATION: 1987: Stanford University, PhD in Classics 1978-9: American School of Classical Studies in Athens (no degree given) 1978: Emory University, B.A. in Greek and English with Highest Honors II. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: 2010 - Betty Gage Holland Professor, History, Emory University 2004-2010 Professor, Classics, Washington University in St. Louis 1987-2004 Assistant Prof. to Professor, Classical Studies, Sweet Briar College 1985-87 and 1983-84: Teaching Fellow in Classics, Stanford University, CA 1984-85 Lecturer, Intercollegiate Center for Classical Studies in Rome III. MAJOR HONORS AND AWARDS: 2019-20: Loeb Classical Library Foundation Fellowship 2019-20: Dorothy Tarrant Fellowship, Institute for Classical Studies (London)[on hold] Spring 2017: University Research Committee grant for course release for 2 classes 2012-13: John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship 2004-5: National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship for College Teachers 1997-8: National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship -
The Invention of Latin America: a Transnational History of Anti-Imperialism, Democracy, and Race
The Invention of Latin America: A Transnational History of Anti-Imperialism, Democracy, and Race MICHEL GOBAT WITH THE PUBLICATION OF Benedict Anderson’s Imagined Communities in 1983, it has become commonplace among scholars to view nations no longer as things natural but as historical inventions.1 Far less ink has been spilled concerning the formation of larger geopolitical entities such as continents. Many still take their origins for granted. Yet as some scholars have shown, the terms “Africa,” “America,” “Asia,” and “Europe” resulted from complex historical processes.2 The concept of the con- tinent emerged in ancient Greece and guided Europeans in their efforts to dominate other areas of the world, especially from the fourteenth century onward. Non-Eu- ropean societies certainly conceptualized their own geopolitical spaces, but the mas- sive spread of European imperialism in the nineteenth century ensured that the European schema of dividing the world into continents would predominate by the twentieth century.3 The invention of “Latin America” nevertheless reveals that contemporary con- tinental constructs were not always imperial products. True, many scholars assume that French imperialists invented “Latin America” in order to justify their country’s occupation of Mexico (1862–1867).4 And the idea did stem from the French concept of a “Latin race,” which Latin American e´migre´s in Europe helped spread to the other side of the Atlantic. But as Arturo Ardao, Miguel Rojas Mix, and Aims IamverygratefultoVı´ctor Hugo Acun˜a Ortega, Laura Gotkowitz, Agnes Lugo-Ortiz, Diane Miliotes, Jennifer Sessions, the AHR editors, and the anonymous reviewers for their extremely helpful comments. -
1.2 the Government of the Roman Republic
1.2 The Government of the Roman Republic Standard 1.2: The Government of the Roman Republic Describe the government of the Roman Republic and the aspects of republican principles that are evident in modern governments. (Massachusetts Curriculum Framework for History and Social Studies) [8.T1.2] FOCUS QUESTION: How did the Government of the Roman Republic Contribute to the Development of Modern-Day Democracy? The Roman Forum was the center of the public sphere in Rome. Much of Rome's political process took place here. "Roman Forum from Palatine Hill" by Chalaph is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. The Roman Republic lasted from 509 to 27 BCE. Its system of government included features that are part of the United States government today, notably its processes for political decision making based on mutually agreeable compromise (Watts, 2018, p. 7). At the same time, Rome during the Republic and the Roman Empire, had many undemocratic features, including a rigid class system, slavery, and the sanctioning of everyday violence. Additionally, women could not attend or vote in political assemblies nor hold any political office. So, what did liberty, government, and democracy mean and for whom did they exist during the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire? Building Democracy for All 1 "Roman Forum, Rome, Italy" by Eustaquio Santimano is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 The modules for this standard explore this question by examining the role of Roman government in Roman society and Roman engineering; the widespread presence of slavery in Roman society as well of the resistance of slaves (both in the ancient world and in North America) to their oppression; and the lasting impact of the Latin language on the English language and the words we use to discuss citizenship, government and politics. -
Plautus, with an English Translation by Paul Nixon
^-< THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY I FOUKDED BY JAMES IXtEB, liL.D. EDITED BY G. P. GOOLD, PH.D. FORMEB EDITOBS t T. E. PAGE, C.H., LiTT.D. t E. CAPPS, ph.d., ii.D. t W. H. D. ROUSE, LITT.D. t L. A. POST, l.h.d. E. H. WARMINGTON, m.a., f.b.hist.soc. PLAUTUS IV 260 P L A U T U S WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY PAUL NIXON DKAK OF BOWDODf COLUDOB, MAin IN FIVE VOLUMES IV THE LITTLE CARTHAGINIAN PSEUDOLUS THE ROPE T^r CAMBRIDOE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD MCMLXXX American ISBN 0-674-99286-5 British ISBN 434 99260 7 First printed 1932 Reprinted 1951, 1959, 1965, 1980 v'Xn^ V Wbb Printed in Great Britain by Fletcher d- Son Ltd, Norwich CONTENTS I. Poenulus, or The Little Carthaginian page 1 II. Pseudolus 144 III. Rudens, or The Rope 287 Index 437 THE GREEK ORIGINALS AND DATES OF THE PLAYS IN THE FOURTH VOLUME In the Prologue^ of the Poenulus we are told that the Greek name of the comedy was Kapx^Sdvios, but who its author was—perhaps Menander—or who the author of the play which was combined with the Kap;^8ovios to make the Poenulus is quite uncertain. The time of the presentation of the Poenulus at ^ Rome is also imcertain : Hueffner believes that the capture of Sparta ' was a purely Plautine reference to the war with Nabis in 195 b.c. and that the Poenulus appeared in 194 or 193 b.c. The date, however, of the Roman presentation of the Pseudolus is definitely established by the didascalia as 191 b.c. -
Latin Literature
Latin Literature By J. W. Mackail Latin Literature I. THE REPUBLIC. I. ORIGINS OF LATIN LITERATURE: EARLY EPIC AND TRAGEDY. To the Romans themselves, as they looked back two hundred years later, the beginnings of a real literature seemed definitely fixed in the generation which passed between the first and second Punic Wars. The peace of B.C. 241 closed an epoch throughout which the Roman Republic had been fighting for an assured place in the group of powers which controlled the Mediterranean world. This was now gained; and the pressure of Carthage once removed, Rome was left free to follow the natural expansion of her colonies and her commerce. Wealth and peace are comparative terms; it was in such wealth and peace as the cessation of the long and exhausting war with Carthage brought, that a leisured class began to form itself at Rome, which not only could take a certain interest in Greek literature, but felt in an indistinct way that it was their duty, as representing one of the great civilised powers, to have a substantial national culture of their own. That this new Latin literature must be based on that of Greece, went without saying; it was almost equally inevitable that its earliest forms should be in the shape of translations from that body of Greek poetry, epic and dramatic, which had for long established itself through all the Greek- speaking world as a common basis of culture. Latin literature, though artificial in a fuller sense than that of some other nations, did not escape the general law of all literatures, that they must begin by verse before they can go on to prose.