Initial Environmental Examination
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INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION ADB LOAN L3451 / GRANT 0509 / GRANT 0510 REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN: CENTRAL ASIA REGIONAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION (CAREC): CORRIDORS 2, 5, AND 6 (DUSHANBE - KURGONTEPPA ROAD PROJECT) - PHASE 1 (KM 0+275-33+475) Preparation of Road Network Sustainability Project in the Republic of Tajikistan Bokhtar – Dangara Road Rehabilitation Section Prepared by the KOCKS Consult GmbH for Ministry of Transport of Tajikistan and Ministry of Transport. The IEE is a document of the Borrower. This initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. August 2020 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................... 5 I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 12 A. PROJECT BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF THE REPORT ........................... 12 B. PURPOSE OF THE INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION ......................... 15 II. LEGAL, POLICY AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .................................. 19 A. ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS ........................................... 19 B. ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS ......................................................................... 26 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................... 41 A. OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................... 41 B. TYPE AND CATEGORY OF PROJECTОШИБКА! ЗАКЛАДКА НЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНА. UNDER PREPARATION - WILL BE UPDATED UPON THE DATA IS PROVIDED ....... ОШИБКА! ЗАКЛАДКА НЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНА. IV. ALTERNATIVES ............................................. Ошибка! Закладка не определена. V. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT............................................................. 52 A. PHYSICAL RESOURCES IN PROJECT AREA .................................................... 52 B. ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES IN THE PROJECT AREA ....................................... 64 C. SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT .................................................................... 73 VI. ALIGNMENT SHEETS .......................................................................................... 79 VII. BASELINE MEASUREMENTS ............................................................................. 79 VIII. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 84 A. PRE-CONSTRUCTION (DESIGN PHASE) ........................................................... 86 B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE .................................................................................... 90 C. OPERATIONAL PHASE ...................................................................................... 100 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING ................................. 104 A. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................... 104 B. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ......................................................... 106 C. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ........................................................... 124 X. CAPACITY BUILDING AND DEVELOPMENT ................................................... 129 XI. MONITORING AND REPORTING ...................................................................... 130 XII. EMP IMPLEMENTATION COST ......................................................................... 131 XIII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION ...... 133 A. GENERAL APPROACHES ................................................................................. 133 B. IDENTIFICATION OF MAIN STAKEHOLDERS .................................................. 133 C. MEANINGFUL CONSULTATIONS ...................................................................... 133 D. MINIMUM TOPICS REQUIRED DURING CONSULTATION MEETINGS ........... 134 E. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ........................................................................... 136 F. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM .............................................................. 136 XIV. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................... 140 ANNEXES ANNEX 1 - RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA) CHECKLIST ............... 142 ANNEX 2 - REPORT ON WATER QUALITY ................................................................ 146 ANNEX 3 - REPORT ON AIR QUALITY AND NOISE ................................................... 159 ANNEX 4 - ALIGNMENT SHEETS ................................................................................ 175 ANNEX 5 - BIODIVERSITY SURVEY ............................................................................ 179 ANNEX 6 - MOM OF PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ........................................................ 196 ANNEX 7 - IDENTIFIED AREAS FOR SURPLUS MATERIAL DISPOSAL .................. 200 ii ANNEX 8 - TEMPLATE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT ................ 204 TABLES Table 1 - Environmental, Labour and Health & Safety Laws of the Republic of Tajikistan ............. 20 Table 2 - Indicative List of Permits and Licenses Applicable to the Project .................................... 24 Table 3 - National standards and regulations applicable to the Project ......................................... 27 Table 4 - Environmental Standards for Emissions to the Atmosphere ........................................... 29 Table 5 - Environmental Standards for Ambient Air ....................................................................... 30 Table 6 - Environmental Standards for Water Quality & Discharges to Water ............................... 33 Table 7 - Drinking Water Standards .............................................................................................. 35 Table 8 - Environmental Standards for Waste ............................................................................... 38 Table 9 - Environmental Standards for Noise Emissions ............................................................... 39 Table 10 - Design Speeds by Terrain ............................................................................................ 44 Table 11 - Characteristics of the rivers in the project area of influence .......................................... 63 Table 12 - Main Components of Biodiversity in Tajikistan ............................................................. 65 Table 13 - Demographic data (2020) of the Bokhtar-Dangara road project area ........................... 74 Table 14 - Selected Locations for Air Quality Measurements ........................................................ 79 Table 15 - Selected Locations for Noise Measurements ............................................................... 82 Table 16 - Summary of Environmental Mitigation Measures........................................................ 107 Table 17 - Environmental Monitoring Plan ................................................................................... 125 Table 18 - Suggested Capacity Building Program on EMP Implementation ................................ 129 Table 19 - Cost Estimate for Environmental Mitigation Measures (USD) ..................................... 131 Table 20 - Cost Estimate for Baseline Monitoring (USD) ............................................................. 132 Table 21 - ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS ......................................................................................... 150 Table 22 - The result of water quality analysis............................................................................. 154 Table 23 - Maximum allowable concentration in air (MAC) .......................................................... 162 Table 24 - Range Characteristic .................................................................................................. 162 Table 25 - Atmospheric Air .......................................................................................................... 163 Table 26 - Emissions of pollutants at road construction materials ............................................... 170 Table 3-1 Summary of Issues Tracking Activity for Current Period .................................................. 5 FIGURES Figure 1 - Location of the 3 Road Sections of the Road Network Sustainability Project within Tajikistan ............................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 2 - Project Location Map of Bokhtar-Dangara Road ........................................................... 42 Figure 3 - Typical cross section in urban area ............................................................................... 43 Figure 4 - Typical cross section in rural area (category III) ............................................................ 43 Figure 5 - Typical cross section km 0 - km 9.5 (4-lanes) ............................................................... 44 Figure 6 - Severely Damaged Road Pavement ............................................................................. 45 Figure 7 - Future Traffic Development ..........................................................................................