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Republic of Tajikistan Socio REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESILIENCE STRENGTHENING PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL Public Disclosure Authorized MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized April 15, 2019 Table of Contents List of Abbreviations & Acronyms ...................................................................................................5 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................7 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................11 1.1 Purpose of the ESMF ...............................................................................................................11 1.2 Rationale for the ESMF ...........................................................................................................11 1.3 Approach and Methodology for Preparation of ESMF ...........................................................12 1.4 Project Description ..................................................................................................................12 1.4.1 Sectoral and Institutional Context ....................................................................................12 1.4.3 Project Overview ..............................................................................................................15 2. Baseline Data .................................................................................................................................20 2.1. Location and Size ....................................................................................................................20 2.2 Physical Environment ..............................................................................................................22 2.2.1 Climate ............................................................................................................................. 22 2.3 Topography and Drainage .......................................................................................................24 2.3.1 Hydrology ........................................................................................................................ 24 2.3.2 Soils and Geology ............................................................................................................ 24 2.4 Land Use ..................................................................................................................................27 2.5 Biological Environment-Ecosystems .......................................................................................27 2.5.1 Flora ................................................................................................................................. 27 2.5.2 Fauna ................................................................................................................................ 28 2.6 Seismic Hazards .......................................................................................................................29 2.7 Natural Protected Areas ...........................................................................................................30 2.8 Socio-Economic Background ..................................................................................................31 2.8.1 Population ........................................................................................................................ 32 2.8.2 Economic Growth & Setting ............................................................................................ 36 2.8.3 Vulnerable Groups ........................................................................................................... 39 3. Description of the Administrative, Policy and Regulatory Framework ..................................41 3.1 The Legal, Regulatory and Policy Framework ........................................................................41 3.1.1 Relevant National Laws and Regulations and International Treaties .............................. 41 3.1.2. Overview of Key National Environmental Legal Provisions ......................................... 42 3.1.3 Key National Social Legal Provisions ............................................................................. 44 3.2 Relevant Institutions ................................................................................................................45 3.2.1 Environmental Assessment Administrative/Institutional Framework ............................. 47 3.2.2 Social and Resettlement Administrative/Institutional framework ................................... 48 4. Relevant World Bank Environmental and Social Standards (ESS) ........................................50 4.1 ESS 1 - Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts .......50 4.2 ESS 2 – Labor and Working Conditions .................................................................................51 2 4.3 ESS 3 – Recourse and Efficiency, Pollution Prevention and Management .............................51 4.4 ESS 4 – Community Health and Safety ...................................................................................51 4.5 ESS 5 – Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use, and Involuntary Resettlement ............51 4.6 ESS 6 – Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources ............................................................................................................................................52 4.7 ESS 7 - Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities .......................................................................................................................................52 4.8 ESS 8 – Cultural Heritage ........................................................................................................53 4.9 ESS 9 – Financial Intermediaries .............................................................................................53 4.10 ESS 10 – Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure ..........................................54 5. Potential Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts ...........................................................55 5.1 Positive Impacts .......................................................................................................................55 5.2 Adverse Risks and Impacts ......................................................................................................55 5.2.1 Adverse Environmental Impacts and Risks .....................................................................56 5.2.2 Adverse Social Impacts and Risks ...................................................................................57 6. Environmental and Social Risk Management ...........................................................................61 7. ESMF Implementation Arrangements .......................................................................................66 7.1 ESMF Process Flow at the Project Level ................................................................................66 7.2 ESMF Process Flow at the Subproject Level ..........................................................................70 7.2.1 Identification of Subprojects ............................................................................................70 7.2.2 Screening of Subprojects for Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts ...................70 7.2.3 Development of Safeguard Instruments ...........................................................................73 7.2.4 ESIA/ESMP Review Process ...........................................................................................75 7.3 ESA Monitoring and Reporting ...............................................................................................76 7.3.1 Monitoring Plans ..............................................................................................................77 7.3.2 Monitoring and Reporting Responsibilities .....................................................................78 7.3.3 Community Monitoring ...................................................................................................79 7.4 Institutional Capacity for ESMF Implementation ...................................................................79 7.4.1 NSIFT ...............................................................................................................................79 7.4.2 CSOs ................................................................................................................................80 7.4.3 Local Structures ...............................................................................................................81 7.4.4 Other Relevant Government Agencies.............................................................................82 7.4.5 Other Relevant Stakeholders ............................................................................................82 7.5 Training and Technical Assistance ..........................................................................................82 7.6 ESMF Implementation Budget ................................................................................................82 8. Public Consultations and Disclosure ..........................................................................................84
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