DOCSLIB.ORG

Permian-Triassic-Boundary and Lower Triassic in the Dolomites, Southern Alps (Italy)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Permian-Triassic-Boundary and Lower Triassic in the Dolomites, Southern Alps (Italy) Journal of Alpine Geology, 54: 379-404, Wien 2012 Permian-Triassic-Boundary and Lower Triassic in the Dolomites, Southern Alps (Italy) By RAINER BRANDNER, MICHA HORACEK & LORENZ KEIM† With 21 figures Field Trip Guide 29th IAS Meeting of Sedimentology Schladming/Austria Addresses of the authors: RAINER BRANDNER Universität Innsbruck Institut für Geologie & Paläontologie Innrain 52 6020 Innsbruck Austria E-mail: [email protected] MICHA HORACEK BLT Wieselburg Lehr-und Forschungszentrum Francisco Josephinum Rottenhauser Straße 1 3250 Wieselburg Austria E-mail address: [email protected] Journal of Alpine Geology 54 S. 379-404 Wien 2012 379 BRANDNER, HORACEK & KEIM: Permian-Triassic boundary and Lower Triassic in the Dolomites, Southern Alps (Italy) LORENZ KEIM Amt für Geologie & Baustoffprüfung/ Ufficio Geologia e prove materiali Autonome Provinz Bozen - Südtirol/Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano-Alto Adige Eggentalerstr. 48/ Via Val d’Ega 48 I-39053 Kardaun/Cardano Italy Lorenz Keim died during a cross country ski tour in a snow avalanche at the Stallersattel (South Tirol, Italy) on February 4, 2012. He just turned 43, was married and had three little boys. In the last years he worked at the Geological Survey as field geologist, as coordinator of geological maps and was involved in reconnaissance studies for the Brenner Base Tunnel on the South Tyrolean side. As excellent geologist he leaves a big hole in the Tyrolean geology. He is painfully missed. Content Abstract........................................................................................................................................................................380 1. Topics and area of the Field Trip.................................................................................................................................381 2. Introduction and geological setting of the Dolomites...................................................................................................382 3. The Field Trip............................................................................................................................................................384 3.1. The Pufels/Bulla road section: from the Permian-Triassic Boundary (PTB) to the Induan-Olenekian Boundary (IOB)......................................................................................................................384 3.1.1 Outcrop 1: Permian/Triassic Boundary......................................................................................................388 3.1.2 Outcrop 2: Supratidal/subtidal facies.........................................................................................................393 3.1.3 Outcrop 3: Siliciclastic input, climate signal..............................................................................................394 3.2. Seis/Siusi section and the attempt of PTB high-resolution global correlation by carbon isotope investigation........395 3.3. Tramin/Termeno section - end Permian coastline and transgression....................................................................398 Acknowledgements............................................................................................................................................................402 References.......................................................................................................................................................................402 Abstract exceptionally long lasting recovery period for reefal buildups in the whole Tethys area, the first appearance of The field trip focuses on the sedimentary response of the reef building organisms was found in the lower Middle end Permian mass extinction and the time of recovery in Triassic nearby in the Olang/Valdaora Dolomites the whole Lower Triassic. Along some type sections, i.e. (BECHSTÄDT & BRANDNER 1970). the parastratotype section of Bulla/Pufels in the Gröden The lack of reefal buildups and binding organisms may valley, the Seis/Siusi section further to the southwest and have caused the extreme mobility of loose carbonate and the Tramin/Termeno section south of Bolzano/Bozen, we siliciclastic sediment piles, which have been removed will have a good opportunity to study facies developments repeatedly by storm-dominated high energy events. This in the inner and outer ramp position. Detailed magneto- generated a storm-dominated stratification pattern that and chemostratigraphy enable correlations of cycles and characterises the specific Werfen facies. Applying the sequences along the wide ramp. This should provoke a concept of proximality of storm effects (AIGNER 1985), i.e. discussion on eustatic sea-level changes and climatic the basinward decrease of storm-waves and storm-induced changes. The sections are located in the beautiful, world currents, we tried to interpret relative sea-level changes famous landscape of the Dolomites (UNESCO World from the stratigraphic record. Proximal and distal Heritage). tempestite layers are arranged in shallowing-upward cycles The shallow marine sediments of the topmost Bellerophon (parasequences) but also in deepening-upward cycles Fm. and Werfen Fm. were deposited on a very gentle, NW depending on their position within the depositional - SE extending ramp with a coastal plain environment of sequences. However, numbers of cycles and cycle stacking the upper Gröden Fm. in the west and a shallow marine, patterns vary from section to section according to the dif- mid and outer ramp environment of the Bellerophon Fm. ferent ramp morphology. Thus the main control seems to in the east. The PTB mass extinction of carbonate be the ratio between accommodation space and sediment producing organisms prevented the evolution of a rimmed supply, which follows the variable position of the base level shelf area for the whole Lower Triassic. After the (see base level concept from WHEELER 1964). Variations of 380 Journal of Alpine Geology, 54: 379-404, Wien 2012 the base level determine the geometry of progradational, producing organisms prevented the evolution of a rimmed aggradational and retrogradational stacking patterns of the shelf area for the whole Lower Triassic. cycles. The base level, however, does not automatically The lack of reefal buildups and binding organisms may correspond to sea level. Therefore until now it was not have caused the extreme mobility of loose carbonate and possible to proof true eustatic sea level changes within the siliciclastic sediment piles, which have been removed Lower Triassic. repeatedly by storm-dominated high energy events. This generated a storm-dominated stratification pattern that characterises the specific Werfen facies. Applying the concept of proximality of storm effects (AIGNER 1985), i.e. 1. Topics and area of the Field Trip the basinward decrease of storm-waves and storm-induced currents, we tried to interpret relative sea level changes The field trip focuses on the sedimentary response of the from the stratigraphic record. Proximal and distal end Permian mass extinction and the time of recovery in tempestite layers are arranged in shallowing-upward cycles the whole Lower Triassic. Along three type sections, i.e. (parasequences) but also in deepening-upward cycles the parastratotype section of Bulla/Pufels in the Gröden depending on their position within the depositional valley, the Seis/Siusi section at the foot of the Schlern/ sequences. However, numbers of cycles and cycle stacking Sciliar mountain and the Tramin/Termeno section south patterns vary from section to section according to the dif- of Bolzano/Bozen (Fig. 1), we will have a good opportunity ferent ramp morphology. Thus the main control seems to to study facies developments in the inner and outer ramp be the ratio between accommodation space and sediment position. Detailed magneto- and chemostratigraphy enable supply, which follows the variable position of the base level correlations of cycles and sequences along the wide ramp. (see base level concept from WHEELER 1964). Variations of This should provoke a discussion on eustatic sea level the base level determine the geometry of progradational, changes and climatic changes. Both sections are located aggradational and retrogradational stacking patterns of the in the beautiful, world famous landscape of the Dolomites cycles. The base level, however, does not automatically (UNESCO World Heritage). correspond to sea level. Therefore until now it was not The shallow marine sediments of the topmost Bellerophon possible to proof true eustatic sea-level changes within the Fm. and Werfen Fm. were deposited on a very gentle, NW Lower Triassic. - SE extending ramp with a coastal plain environment of End Permian and Early Triassic high-resolution the upper Gröden Fm. in the west and a shallow marine, stratigraphy allow now detailed correlations of mid and outer ramp environment of the Bellerophon Fm. lithostratigraphic units along the gentle ramp, indicating in the east. The PTB mass extinction of carbonate the different timing of the onset of sedimentation of several Fig. 1: Overview map of the excursion area in the western Do- lomites (N- Italy) with the field trip stops: Pufels/Bulla (stop 1), Seis/ Siusi (stop 2), Tramin/Termeno (stop 3). The dashed line marks the coastline of the Bellerophon-Sea in the uppermost Permian. 381 BRANDNER, HORACEK & KEIM: Permian-Triassic boundary and Lower Triassic in the Dolomites, Southern Alps (Italy) Werfen members on the gentle ramp. BRANDNER & KEIM (2011). According to Lower
Load more

Recommended publications
  • First Report of Swimming Trace Fossils of Fish from the Upper Permian and Lower Triassic of the Dolomites (Italy)
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae (2018), vol. 88: ...–... doi: https://doi.org/10.14241/asgp.2018.013 FIRST REPORT OF SWIMMING TRACE FOSSILS OF FISH FROM THE UPPER PERMIAN AND LOWER TRIASSIC OF THE DOLOMITES (ITALY) Ausonio RONCHI1, Giuseppe SANTI1, Lorenzo MARCHETTI 2, Massimo BERNARDI 3 & Piero GIANOLLA4 1 Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell’Ambiente, University of Pavia, Italy; e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP/Burg Lichtenberg (Pfalz), Thallichtenberg, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] 3 MUSE – Museo delle Scienze, Trento, Italy; e-mail: [email protected] 4 Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, University of Ferrara, Italy; e-mail: [email protected] Ronchi, A., Santi, G., Marchetti, L, Bernardi, M. & Gianolla, R., 2018. First report of swimming trace fossils of fish from the Upper Permian and Lower Triassic of the Dolomites (Italy). Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 88: xxx-xxx Abstract: In the Upper Permian continental to marginal-marine succession of the Southern Alps (Dolomites, north Italy), the ichnological record consists of diverse vertebrate footprints and non-diverse invertebrate trace fossils, mainly occurring in the “Bletterbach ichnoassociation” of the Val Gardena Sandstone Formation. After the Perm- ian-Triassic Boundary event, vertebrate ichnoassociations are scarce until the Middle Triassic (Anisian), whereas the uppermost Permian–Lower Triassic Werfen Formation preserves a rich invertebrate trace-fossil record. To date, fish body and trace fossils (Undichna) are very rare in the pre- and post-extinction deposits of the Dolomites; only Undichna gosiutensis Gibert, 2001 was identified in the “Voltago Conglomerate” (Middle Anisian), whereas some unidentified fossil fish casts were found in the Permian Val Gardena Sandstone and some fish remains in the overlying Werfen Formation.
    [Show full text]
  • GUIDEBOOK the Mid-Triassic Muschelkalk in Southern Poland: Shallow-Marine Carbonate Sedimentation in a Tectonically Active Basin
    31st IAS Meeting of Sedimentology Kraków 2015 GUIDEBOOK The Mid-Triassic Muschelkalk in southern Poland: shallow-marine carbonate sedimentation in a tectonically active basin Guide to field trip B5 • 26–27 June 2015 Joachim Szulc, Michał Matysik, Hans Hagdorn 31st IAS Meeting of Sedimentology INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION Kraków, Poland • June 2015 OF SEDIMENTOLOGISTS 225 Guide to field trip B5 (26–27 June 2015) The Mid-Triassic Muschelkalk in southern Poland: shallow-marine carbonate sedimentation in a tectonically active basin Joachim Szulc1, Michał Matysik2, Hans Hagdorn3 1Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland ([email protected]) 2Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Denmark ([email protected]) 3Muschelkalk Musem, Ingelfingen, Germany (encrinus@hagdorn-ingelfingen) Route (Fig. 1): From Kraków we take motorway (Żyglin quarry, stop B5.3). From Żyglin we drive by A4 west to Chrzanów; we leave it for road 781 to Płaza road 908 to Tarnowskie Góry then to NW by road 11 to (Kans-Pol quarry, stop B5.1). From Płaza we return to Tworog. From Tworog west by road 907 to Toszek and A4, continue west to Mysłowice and leave for road A1 then west by road 94 to Strzelce Opolskie. From Strzelce to Siewierz (GZD quarry, stop B5.2). From Siewierz Opolskie we take road 409 to Kalinów and then turn we drive A1 south to Podskale cross where we leave south onto a local road to Góra Sw. Anny (accomoda- for S1 westbound to Pyrzowice and then by road 78 to tion). From Góra św. Anny we drive north by a local road Niezdara.
    [Show full text]
  • This Article Appeared in a Journal Published by Elsevier. the Attached
    (This is a sample cover image for this issue. The actual cover is not yet available at this time.) This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy Chemical Geology 322–323 (2012) 121–144 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Chemical Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/chemgeo The end‐Permian mass extinction: A rapid volcanic CO2 and CH4‐climatic catastrophe Uwe Brand a,⁎, Renato Posenato b, Rosemarie Came c, Hagit Affek d, Lucia Angiolini e, Karem Azmy f, Enzo Farabegoli g a Department of Earth Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, L2S 3A1 b Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, Polo Scientifico-tecnologico, Via Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara Italy c Department of Earth Sciences, The University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA d Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520–8109 USA e Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Via Mangiagalli 34, Università di Milano, 20133 Milan Italy f Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University, St.
    [Show full text]
  • AUSTRIAN JOURNAL of EARTH SCIENCES Volume 98 2005
    AUSTRIAN JOURNAL of EARTH SCIENCES [MITTEILUNGEN der ÖSTERREICHISCHEN GEOLOGISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT] an INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of the AUSTRIAN GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY volume 98 2005 Gerd RANTITSCH & Barbara RUSSEGGER: Organic maturation within the Central Northern Calcareous Alps (Eastern Alps)________________________________ www.univie.ac.at/ajes EDITING: Grasemann Bernhard, Wagreich Michael PUBLISCHER: Österreichische Geologische Gesellschaft Rasumofskygasse 23, A-1031 Wien TYPESETTER: Irnberger Norbert, www.irnberger.net Copy-Shop Urban, Bahnstraße 26a, 2130 Mistelbach PRINTER: Holzhausen Druck & Medien GmbH Holzhausenplatz 1, 1140 Wien ISSN 0251-7493 Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences Volume 98 Vienna 2005 Organic maturation within the Central Northern Calca- reous Alps (Eastern Alps) Gerd RANTITSCH1) & Barbara RUSSEGGER2) KEYWORDS very low-grade metamorphism Northern Calcareous Alps 1) Department of Applied Geosciences and Geophysics, Montanuniversität Leoben, vitrinite reflectance Austria, A-8700 Leoben, Austria, Email: [email protected] thermal modeling Jurassic orogeny 2) Library of the University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria Eastern Alps Abstract Organic maturation within the central Northern Calcareous Alps (Eastern Alps) has been investigated using vitrinite reflectance data from Upper Permian to Upper Cretaceous strata of the Stauffen-Höllengebirge Nappe, Dachstein Nappe, Tennengebirge Block and Lammer Unit. Within the Lammer Unit a metamorphic break is observed between the Strubberg Formation and the tectonically overlying
    [Show full text]
  • About Cassandra Extavour's Work
    Dr. Cassandra Extavour Developmental Biology, Harvard University About Cassandra Extavour’s work One of the topics that Cassandra Extavour researches is germ cell development. During a process called embryogenesis, where an animal embryo develops from a fertilized egg cell, only a small percentage of the millions of genetically identical cells created will become germ cells. Germ cells are the cells created in an embryo that contribute their specific genomes to the reproduction of new creatures. The rest of the embryo’s cells become soma cells, which form different parts of the body such as organs, muscle, skin, and bones. These cells reproduce via mitosis, but cannot contribute their specific genomes to the reproduction of new creatures, ending the line of germ cells. A problem in the study of the development of multicellular organisms is then: why do cells that start out with identical genomes do different things in different environments? Cassandra Extavour tries to answer this question by dissecting embryos and ovaries of spiders, crickets, and milkweed bugs, using molecular biology and microscopy tools to map the germline of the cells. The way that a cell is assigned to the germline is caused by a few different ways. In some organisms, before there is an embryo, the molecular content of some cells predetermines them to develop as either germ or soma cells. In other organisms, a cell in the embryo receives chemical signals from neighboring cells that activate or repress genes that turn the cell into a germ cell. Cassandra Extavour is also interested in biological cooperation and the division of labor between germ and soma cells.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaporite Geo-Hazard in the Sauris Area (Friuli Venezia Giulia Region - Northeast Italy)
    EVAPORITE GEO-HAZARD IN THE SAURIS AREA (FRIULI VENEZIA GIULIA REGION - NORTHEAST ITALY) Chiara Calligaris Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Weiss, 2, Trieste, 34128, Italy, [email protected] Stefano Devoto Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Weiss, 2, Trieste, 34128, Italy, [email protected] Luca Zini Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Weiss, 2, Trieste, 34128, Italy, [email protected] Franco Cucchi Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Weiss, 2, Trieste, 34128, Italy, [email protected] Abstract Survey of Friuli Venezia Giulia Region. The objective Evaporite sinkholes represent a severe threat to many of this project is to inventory and classify the sinkholes European countries, including Italy. Among the Italian associated to evaporite rocks. regions, of the area most affected is the northern sector of Friuli Venezia Giulia Region (NE Italy). Here chalks Introduction had two main depositional periods first in the Late Subsidence phenomena associated to the presence Permian and then during the Late Carnian (Late Triassic). of evaporite rocks are common in Europe. Evaporite Evaporites outcrop mainly in the Alpine valleys or are sinkholes affect the central and northern part of partially mantled by Quaternary deposits, as occur along England (Cooper, 2008), Lithuania (Taminskas and the Tagliamento River Valley. Furthermore, evaporites Marcinkevicius, 2002), NE Spain (Gutiérrez, 1996; make up some portions of mountains and Alpine slopes, Gutiérrez and Cooper, 2002; Guerrero et al., 2004; generating hundreds of karst depressions. Gutiérrez et al., 2008) and Albania (Parise et al., 2004; Parise et al., 2008).
    [Show full text]
  • Field Trip 2 Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic Terrestrial Environments in the Dolomites and Surrounding Areas 71-116 Geo.Alp, Vol
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Geo.Alp Jahr/Year: 2016 Band/Volume: 013 Autor(en)/Author(s): Kustatscher Evelyn, Bernardi Massimo, Petti Fabio Massimo, Avanzini Marco, Tomasoni Riccardo Artikel/Article: Field trip 2 Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic terrestrial environments in the Dolomites and surrounding areas 71-116 Geo.Alp, Vol. 13 2016 71 - 116 Field trip 2 Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic terrestrial environments in the Dolomites and surrounding areas Evelyn Kustatscher1,2, Massimo Bernardi3,4, Fabio Massimo Petti3,5, Marco Avanzini3 & Riccardo Tomasoni3 1 Naturmuseum Südtirol, Bindergasse 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy; e-mail: [email protected]; 2 Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Paläontologie und Geobiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität and Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 München, Germany; 3 Museo delle Scienze di Trento, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38123 Trento, Italy; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]; 4 School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS81RJ, UK; 5 PaleoFactory, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy. 1 Topics and highlights of the excursion Mojsisovics, 1879, 1882; Mojsisovics et al., 1895; Bittner, 1892; Brack et al., 2005, Mietto & Man- The Southern Alps represent
    [Show full text]
  • Dolomites UNESCO Geotrail Is an Outstanding I
    10 stages: Bletterbach – Sesto Dolomites The Geological Timescale The special feature of this spiral is its non-linear representation of time. The further back you go, the longer the period represented by the respective era. Christjan Ladurner · Corrado Morelli To the right of the image appears the time division of the Triassic period used in the description of the Geostops. Christjan Ladurner, born in 1961, works as a mountain guide, author and first Homo Dolomites C Sapiens photographer. He has spent considerable time in and “over” I Quaternary 2 My the Dolomites; climbing, hiking and taking photos of the O Neogene Z Geotrail e 23 O n Pale Mountains from the air. His excellent local knowledge e g N o e l E was an enormous help in the setting and adjusting of the UNESCO Geotrail a P C 66 Geotrail route. As always, the camera was his constant Dolomites JURASSIC Formation of the Alps Emergence of the the of Emergence s u companion and while neither the weather nor the lighting A hiking trail to discover the fossil archipelago o e Rhaetian c C a UNESCO t e The Dolomites UNESCO Geotrail is an outstanding I conditions were always the finest, his images nevertheless of the World Heritage Site r C allow the breathtaking beauty of the Dolomites to be seen O Norian long-distance hiking trail through a UNESCO 145 Z in the right light. c i O World Heritage Site. This guide provides a detailed s first birds + s Carnian a r S 2 hiking maps u J TRIASSIC description of 10 stages through the landscapes of E Ladinian 1:25,000 201 first c M Corrado Morelli, i s Dolomites Dolomites mammals the South Tyrolean Dolomites, along with photos, s Anisian a i born in Formia in 1963, graduated in geology and gained his r T Scythian maps and sketches.
    [Show full text]
  • Muttoni Et Al 2013
    Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 386 (2013) 415–435 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo The drift history of Adria and Africa from 280 Ma to Present, Jurassic true polar wander, and zonal climate control on Tethyan sedimentary facies G. Muttoni a,b,⁎, E. Dallanave c, J.E.T. Channell d a Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra “A. Desio”, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milano, Italy b ALP — Alpine Laboratory of Paleomagnetism, via Madonna dei Boschi 76, I-12016 Peveragno (CN), Italy c Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich D-80333, Germany d Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA article info abstract Article history: The orogenic belts surrounding the undeformed Adriatic Sea represent the margins of an area known as Received 25 February 2013 Adria, the African promontory. We have undertaken a critical appraisal of paleomagnetic data from regions Received in revised form 7 June 2013 of Adria considered parautochthonous relative to Africa, obtained either from biostratigraphically dated sed- Accepted 10 June 2013 imentary rocks, corrected for inclination shallowing, or from igneous rocks that are regarded as free from any Available online 18 June 2013 inclination shallowing bias. Paleomagnetic directions were used to calculate paleomagnetic poles for compar- ison with coeval, and inclination flattening-free, paleomagnetic poles from stable Africa. Visual coherence of Keywords: Paleomagnetism paleopoles for several time slices from the Early Permian to the Eocene supports the construction of a com- Adria posite apparent polar wander path (APWP) valid for parautochthonous Adria and stable Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Maquetación 1
    ISSN (print): 1698-6180. ISSN (online): 1886-7995 www.ucm.es /info/estratig/journal.htm Journal of Iberian Geology 33 (2) 2007: 143-162 Remarks on the Permian-Triassic transition in Central and Eastern Lombardy (Southern Alps, Italy) Apuntes sobre el tránsito Pérmico-Triásico en Lombardía central y oriental (Alpes Meridionales, Italia) G. Cassinis1, M. Durand2, A. Ronchi1 1 Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100 PAVIA, Italy [email protected] /[email protected] 2 47 rue de Lavaux, 54520 LAXOU, France, [email protected] Received: 05/03/06 / Accepted: 19/09/06 Abstract The main lithological and petrographical characteristics of the Permian-Lower Triassic Orobic and Brescian successions in cen- tral and eastern Lombardy are briefl y recorded, especially with regard to the units cropping out below and above the P-T boundary. The lower formation is represented by the Verrucano Lombardo, which consists of continental, fl uvial red clastics, barren of fossils, generally Late Permian (Lopingian) in age, whereas the overlying Servino Formation, which is represented by well-bedded clastic and carbonate polychrome sediments, generally rich in fossils, pertains to the Early Triassic (Induan-Olenekian). The sequences of the two above-mentioned areas differ at least in part, as proof of their regional division, probably because of an inherited paleotopography and syntectonic activity. Taking into account the units bracketing the P-T boundary, which represents the real topic of this work, the Verrucano Lombardo of the Orobic Alps is paraconformably covered by the conglomerates and sand- stones of the Prato Solaro Member in the lower part of the Servino Formation, cropping out extensively, although discontinuously, from the eastern side of Lake Como to the upper Scalve Valley in the Camonica region.
    [Show full text]
  • Palynology, Microfacies and Ostracods of the Permian–Triassic Boundary Interval in the Rosengarten/Catinaccio Massif (Southern Alps, Italy)
    Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences Vienna 2019 Volume 112/2 103 - 124 DOI: 10.17738/ajes.2019.0007 Palynology, microfacies and ostracods of the Permian–Triassic boundary interval in the Rosengarten/Catinaccio Massif (Southern Alps, Italy) Hendrik NOWAK1)*, Wolfgang METTE2), Fabio M. PETTI3), Guido ROGHI4), Evelyn KUSTATSCHER1),5),6) 1) Museum of Nature South Tyrol, Bindergasse/Via Bottai 1, 39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy; e-mail: [email protected]; evelyn.kustatscher@ naturmuseum.it 2) Department of Geology, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 52f, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; e-mail: [email protected] 3) MUSE – Museo delle Scienze di Trento, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, Trento 38122, Italy; e-mail: [email protected] 4) Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse - CNR, Via Gradenigo 6, Padova 35131, Italy; e-mail: [email protected] 5) Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Paleontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 München, Germany 6) SNSB-Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 München, Germany *) Corresponding author: Hendrik NOWAK KEYWORDS upper Permian, Lopingian, Lower Triassic, Dolomites, Bellerophon Formation, Werfen Formation. Abstract The Laurinswand section in the Rosengarten/Catinaccio Massif (Dolomites, Southern Alps, Italy) covers the Permian– Triassic boundary in a proximal marine setting. The section has been studied for palynology, ostracods and carbonate microfacies. Five microfacies types are defined for the carbonates of the Bellerophon Formation (Changhsingian) in this section. Ostracod assemblages from the upper Bellerophon Formation show a moderate to high diversity and mostly indi- cate normal marine conditions, with some samples from the upper Casera Razzo Member being dominated by eurytopic forms.
    [Show full text]
  • Palaeoecology of the Spathian Virgin Formation (Utah, USA) and Its Implications for the Early Triassic Recovery
    Palaeoecology of the Spathian Virgin Formation (Utah, USA) and its implications for the Early Triassic recovery RICHARD HOFMANN, MICHAEL HAUTMANN, MARTIN WASMER, and HUGO BUCHER Hofmann, R., Hautmann, M., Wasmer, M., and Bucher, H. 2013. Palaeoecology of the Spathian Virgin Formation (Utah, USA) and its implications for the Early Triassic recovery. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 58 (1): 149–173. The Spathian (late Early Triassic) Virgin Formation of south−western Utah (USA) yields a comparatively diverse benthic fauna that flourished ~2 Ma after the end−Permian mass extinction. In this study, we present quantitative palaeoecological data, which are analysed in the context of depositional environments. This integrated approach helps to discriminate between effects of the end−Permian mass extinction event and local environmental factors on alpha diversity and ecological structure of the Virgin Fauna. Shallow subtidal environments yield the highest species richness and lowest dominance val− ues as recorded in two benthic associations, the Eumorphotis ericius Association and the Protogusarella smithi Association, both of which contain 20 benthic species (bivalves, gastropods, brachiopods, echinoderms, and porifers). Tidal inlet deposits yield a low diverse fauna (Piarorhynchella triassica Association) with a very high dominance of filter feeders adapted to high energy conditions. Another comparably low diverse fauna is recorded by the Bakevellia exporrecta Association, which occurs in deposits of the offshore transition zone, most likely reflecting unconsolidated substrates. A single sample contain− ing five bivalve species (Bakevellia costata Assemblage) is recorded from a marginal−marine setting. The Virgin fauna yields a bulk diversity of 30 benthic species (22 genera) of body fossils and 14 ichnogenera and, thus, represents the most di− verse marine bottom fauna known so far from the Early Triassic.
    [Show full text]