Die Subkultur Von Street Art Als Ästhetisches Phänomen Im Urbanen Raum

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Die Subkultur Von Street Art Als Ästhetisches Phänomen Im Urbanen Raum Die Subkultur von Street Art als ästhetisches Phänomen im urbanen Raum Bachelorarbeit im Studiengang Mediendesign an der Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften vorgelegt von Sascha Senger Matrikelnummer 40982350 Erster Gutachter: Professor Dr. Klaus Düwal Zweiter Gutachter: Professor Dr. Bernhard Wutka Braunschweig im Januar 2013 Danksagung Mein Dank gehört für die Betreuung: Professor Dr. Klaus Düwal Professor Dr. Bernhard Wutka für das Korrekturlesen: Marina Senger Edeltraut Seidler Ein besonderer Dank gilt auch meiner Lebenspartnerin, Stephanie Seidler, die mich vor allem während dem Endspurt seelisch unterstützt hat. Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis .......................................................................................... I Abbildungsverzeichnis ............................................................................... III Abkürzungsverzeichnis ............................................................................. VI 1. Einleitung ............................................................................................ 1 1.1 Motivation ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Aufbau der Arbeit .................................................................................. 2 2. Der Weg von Graffiti zu Street Art ..................................................... 3 2.1 Definition und Ursprung von Street Art ................................................. 3 2.2 Die Wurzeln der Graffiti-Kunst .............................................................. 4 2.3 Die Differenzierung von Graffiti und Street Art ...................................... 6 2.4 Formen der Wahrnehmung ................................................................... 7 2.5 Zusammenfassung der Merkmale von Street Art ................................. 8 3. Unterschiedliche Stilmittel und Techniken ...................................... 9 3.1 Die verschiedensten Utensilien ............................................................ 9 3.2 Schablonen – Stencil ............................................................................ 9 3.3 Das Kratzen – Scratching ................................................................... 10 3.4 Das Cut Out ........................................................................................ 11 3.5 Die Kreidezeichnungen....................................................................... 11 3.6 Der Sticker .......................................................................................... 13 3.7 Das Roll on ......................................................................................... 14 3.8 Die Décollage ..................................................................................... 15 3.9 Der Farbauftrag .................................................................................. 16 3.10 Das Mural ........................................................................................... 17 3.11 Das Guerilla Knitting ........................................................................... 18 4. Die subkulturelle Szene ................................................................... 19 4.1 Gruppierung und Wechsel von Graffiti zu Street Art ........................... 19 4.2 Anonymität und Identität der Akteure ................................................. 19 4.3 Direkte Kommunikation von Street Art und Graffiti ............................. 20 4.4 Der gezielte Anwendungsort von Street Art ........................................ 20 4.5 Anerkennung und Respekt ................................................................. 20 4.6 Die Motivation und Gruppendynamik .................................................. 21 4.7 Der Vandalismus ................................................................................ 22 I Inhaltsverzeichnis 4.8 Die Vergänglichkeit eines Kunstwerkes .............................................. 23 4.9 Das Kommunikationsmedium ............................................................. 24 4.10 Der Graffiti- und Street-Art-Jargon ...................................................... 25 5. Akteure .............................................................................................. 26 5.1 Street-Art-Akteur Blek Le Rat ............................................................. 26 5.2 Street-Art-Akteur Banksy .................................................................... 28 5.3 Die Zerstörung von Banksy-Werken ................................................... 30 5.4 Street-Art-Akteur Chainsaw – Kettensäge .......................................... 32 5.5 Graffiti-Künstler DAIM ......................................................................... 33 6. Bildende Kunst ................................................................................. 34 6.1 Gemeinsamkeiten von Bildender Kunst und Street Art ....................... 34 6.1.1 Überschneidungen mit Pop Art ........................................................... 34 6.1.2 Überschneidungen mit Comic ............................................................. 35 6.1.3 Überschneidungen mit Land Art ......................................................... 36 6.1.4 Überschneidungen mit Dadaismus ..................................................... 37 6.1.5 Überschneidungen mit Situationismus ............................................... 38 7. Die Grenzen zwischen Kunst und Kommerz .................................. 39 7.1 Street Art und der Einzug in die Werbung .......................................... 39 7.2 Street Art in den Fängen von Guerilla-Marketing ................................ 39 7.3 Die Ausschlachtung der Subkultur durch Sell-Out .............................. 40 7.4 Zerstörung eines Guerilla-Marketings der Firma Sony ....................... 42 8. Zusammenfassung ........................................................................... 43 Literaturverzeichnis .................................................................................... VI II Abbildungsverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis Abbildung 1: The New York Times vom 21. Juli 1971. ................................... 5 Abbildung 2: Taki 183 Tag in New York. ......................................................... 5 Abbildung 3: Taki 183 beim Sprühen in New York. ......................................... 5 Abbildung 4: Zahlreiche Fäuste von Kripoe in Berlin. ..................................... 7 Abbildung 5: Banksy-Stencil erstellt aus mehreren Schablonen. ................... 9 Abbildung 6: Scratching an einem Mauerwerk. ............................................ 10 Abbildung 7: Graffiti-Schriftzug am Fenster mehrfach nachgezogen. ........... 10 Abbildung 8: Graffiti-Schriftzug in ein Haltestellenfenster gekratzt. .............. 10 Abbildung 9: Cut Out an einer Plakatwand. .................................................. 11 Abbildung 10: Cut Out in einer Düsseldorfer Fußgängerzone. ..................... 11 Abbildung 11: 3D Street Art von Edgar Müller. ............................................. 12 Abbildung 12: Optische Illusion von Edgar Müller in Hollywood. .................. 12 Abbildung 13: 3D Street Art von Edgar Müller in London. ............................ 12 Abbildung 14: Großflächige Sticker-Wand in Kanada. .................................. 13 Abbildung 15: Mehrere Graffiti Sticker in Seattle. ......................................... 13 Abbildung 16: Cartoon Sticker am Abflussrohr. ............................................ 13 Abbildung 17: Graffiti Roll on an einer Bahnstrecke. .................................... 14 Abbildung 18: Roll on Schriftzug von Akim in Berlin. .................................... 14 Abbildung 19: Roll on an einer schwer erreichbaren Stelle in Berlin............. 14 Abbildung 20: Roll on vom Dach eines Berliner Hauses gemalt. .................. 14 Abbildung 21: Décollage in Venedig. ............................................................ 15 Abbildung 22: Décollage von Wolf Vostell aus dem Jahr 1961. .................... 15 Abbildung 23: Décollage in New York. .......................................................... 15 Abbildung 24: Décollage in Chelsea. ............................................................ 15 Abbildung 25: Strichmännchen von Harald Naegeli in Zürich. ...................... 16 Abbildung 26: Strichmännchen von Harald Naegeli in Zürich. ...................... 16 Abbildung 27: Strichmännchen von Harald Naegeli in Düsseldorf. ............... 16 Abbildung 28: Graffiti am Hochhaus in Hamburg - Bergdorf - Lohbrügge. .... 17 Abbildung 29: Doppel Mural in der Cuvry-Straße in Berlin. .......................... 17 Abbildung 30: Banksy Mural an einer Fassade in New York. ....................... 17 Abbildung 31: Guerilla Knitting am Baum im Park. ....................................... 18 Abbildung 32: Guerilla Knitting an Londoner Telefonzelle. ........................... 18 Abbildung 33: Guerilla Knitting am Baum in einer Fußgängerzone. ............. 18 Abbildung 34: Guerilla Knitting am Geländer eines Parkhauses. ................. 18 Abbildung 35: Die Reinigung eines bemalten Graffiti-Zuges. ....................... 23 III Abbildungsverzeichnis Abbildung 36: Die Säuberung eines Graffitis mittels Sandstrahlers. ............. 23 Abbildung 37: Blek Le Rat Street Art in Paris. .............................................. 27 Abbildung 38: „Woman with Child“ von Blek Le Rat in Leipzig. .................... 27 Abbildung 39: Schmuggelaktion von Banksy im britischen Museum ...........
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