Transitional Reconciliation Justice
Resettlement Good and Durable Governance Solutions
SRI LANKA PEACEBUILDING PRIORITY PLAN August 2016 Overview and Strategic Objective The Peacebuilding Priority Plan (PPP) supports the Government of Sri Lanka to implement its reconciliation and accountability/transitional justice commitments to its people as part of its peacebuilding agenda. The three (3) year comprehensive plan builds on the Government’s ongoing political reforms and the Human Rights Council Resolution of September 2016 which Sri Lanka co- sponsored. The United Nations has been tasked to play a key role in developing and coordinating the implementation of the plan that will also serve as a key tool for coordinating development partners’ support to peacebuilding. The Government of Sri Lanka has put in place institutional structures to deliver on various peacebuilding commitments, with the Secretariat for Coordination of Reconciliation Mechanisms (SCRM) in the Prime Minister Office having the central coordination function. Operationalization of the Plan is guided by the Government’s four (4) Pillars of support of: Transitional Justice; Reconciliation; Good Governance; and Resettlement and Durable Solutions. Funding for the plan will come from various sources including UN, development partners and Government sources. The UN Peacebuilding Fund (PBF) will be strategically positioned to catalyse and leverage the peacebuilding support efforts. Sri Lanka Peacebuilding Priority Plan - Funding Summary Of which: PBF
Government Pillar/Strategic Funding Funding Focus Area(s) outcome Need Committed Pledged Gap3 through IRF1 2016
1. Transitional Justice Outcome: 1. Capacity and consultations 2. Truth Telling Government leads a credible, victim- centric process of accountability, 3. Office of Missing Persons 2 2 2 truth-seeking, reparations for past $15.8 $2.7 $2.3 $10.9 4. Reparations/victims protection violations and guarantees of non- recurrence in line with international 5. Accountability Mechanisms standards and obligations. 6. Prevention and Non-Recurrence
2. Reconciliation Outcome: 1. Analytical and Policy Positive relationships and mutual 2. Peace Dividends/ Socio-economic understanding between and among $13.0 $0.6 $1.8 $10.5 different groups contribute to 3. Institutions/SCRM peaceful co-existence and a sense of belonging in Sri Lanka. 4. Partnerships & dialogues for non-recurrence
3. Good Governance Outcome: 1. Decentralization and Devolution 2. Independent Institutions 3. Rule of Law and Access to Justice
State institutions effectively, 4. Women and Youth in Peacebuilding efficiently, equitably and $32.9 $0.6 $2.7 $29.6 5. Constitutional and legislative reforms transparently respond to the priorities of the population. 6. Public administration reforms 7. Strengthening civil society 8. Security Sector Reform
4. Resettlement and Durable Solutions Outcome: 1. Analytical and Policy The State prioritizes sustainable return, resettlement and/or local 2. Land, Housing and Community Infrastructure integration of conflict-displaced $17.8 $1.5 $0.2 $16.1 persons (IDPs, IDP returnees, and refugee returnees) in a safe and 3. Socio-Economic Upliftment (psychosocial dignified manner to rebuild lives and support) communities. Total $79.4 $5.3 $7.0 $67.2 Notes: 1. IRF = Immediate Response Facility; 2: Includes costs associated with the PBF Secretariat; and 3: Gap to be met through Government, UN and development partner contributions
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Contents
SECTION 1: Context and Rationale for PBF support ...... 5
1.1 Country situation ...... 5
1.2 Peacebuilding context ...... 6
1.3 Government priorities: Political transition, HRC Resolution, National Government, Constitutional Assembly ...... 8
1.4 United Nations engagement...... 11
1.5 Mapping of relevant peacebuilding interventions ...... 12
SECTION 2: Objectives of PBF Support and Proposed Priority Plan implementation ...... 13
2.1 Purpose and strategy of the Priority Plan ...... 13
2.2 Programming principles and considerations for PPP ...... 14
2.3 Priority Plan Outcome Areas ...... 16
2.4 United Nations capacity and capability ...... 26
2.5 Funding Framework ...... 27
SECTION 3: Priority Plan Management and Coordination ...... 28
3.1 Institutional management and coordination arrangements ...... 28
3.2 PPP implementation processes and procedures ...... 29
3.3 Monitoring and Evaluation...... 30
3.4 Risk analysis ...... 31
Annex: ...... 34
Results Framework ...... 34
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SECTION 1: Context and Rationale for PBF support
1.1 Country situation
After more than 25 years of violence the armed conflict in Sri Lanka ended in May 2009. With a population of about 20 million, Sri Lanka's major ethnic groups include the Sinhalese, Sri Lankan Tamils, Indian Tamils, Moors or Muslims, Burghers and Malays. Over the years, the lack of participatory decision making processes and overly centralized government fanned the flames of ethnic division. Two violent armed youth insurrections erupted in the early 1970’s and late 1980’s and were put down in a brutal manner. Violence in the North and the East escalated in the 1980s, resulting in armed action against Tamil separatists pressing for self-rule. Most of the fighting took place in the North and the East but the conflict also penetrated the heart of Sri Lankan society with separatists carrying out attacks against civilians in various parts of the country throughout the years of conflict resulting in tens of thousands of lives lost, and damaging the economy of one of South Asia's potentially most prosperous societies. There was wide spread concern about the fate of civilians caught up in the conflict zone during the final stages of the conflict, the confinement of nearly 300,000 Tamil internally displaced persons (IDPs) to camps for months afterwards, and allegations of grave violations of human rights and humanitarian law by both sides.
The political economy of the Sri Lankan internal conflict has to be understood in its demographic, economic and political context. It is an island nation of 66,000 square miles, making it one of the most densely populated countries in the world. Sri Lanka’s international recognition in the area of development comes from its history of relatively high human development for a country of comparably low per capita income. As of 2014, Sri Lanka had a Human Development Index of 0.75 which places it in the category of a ‘High Human Development’ country. Life expectancy at birth is 74.3, literacy for the 15 to 24 age group is 98 percent, and infant mortality is 9.4 per 1,000 live births. A long tradition, dating back to pre-colonial times, of investment in education, health and poverty alleviation programmes, is largely responsible for these development outcomes. However, there are disparities across regions, with certain districts in the former conflict affected areas and the estate sector often lagging behind. Figure 1 Although Sri Lanka achieved middle income country status in 2010, there are significant disparities in income, infrastructure and access to basic services across the country. Since the end of the conflict, the country has seen poverty numbers fall. In 2002, 13.2 percent of people lived on less than US$1.25 a day in PPP terms, and by 2012/13 this figure had fallen to 3.2 percent. However, there is a large proportion of people that live just above the poverty line, and at risk of economic or climatic shock with nearly one in four living on less than US$2.50 a day in 2012/131. The conflict and recent and recurrent natural disasters (flood/drought) have considerably affected rural populations, heavily impacting food and agricultural production and undermining the resilience of affected population. Over 40% of the population of the northern and the eastern provinces have been identified as food insecure. At the same time, inequality is rising with the share of total household income of the poorest quintile of the population declining from 1.9 percent in 1990 to 1.5 percent in 20122. Despite resettlement programmes, many internally displaced persons have yet to secure durable solutions, particularly in the area of livelihoods, due partly to the continued military occupation of some private land. Geographically, poverty rates are the highest in the districts most affected by conflict in the Northern Province and the Eastern Province (Figure 1) and amongst ethnic minorities. Additionally, these provinces also account for the lowest labour force participation rates3, which indicates that despite steady national economic growth, conflict affected provinces have not seen this translate into jobs for their citizens.
Similarly, ethnic minorities also have the lowest levels of access to basic services including health, education and access to productive assets such as land, adding to their vulnerability (Figure 2). Women constitute 51.6% of the population in Sri Lanka and contribute greatly to Sri Lanka’s economy, generating income from tea, textile, manufacturing and remittances from abroad. However, women are the most vulnerable, facing multi-faceted
1 The poverty rate based on $2.50 in 2002 stood at 56.2 percent. 2 Data from the Sri Lanka MDG Country Report, 2014. 3 Labor force participation rate in the North and the East is at 42 percent and 45 percent respectively, compared to a national average of 50 percent. Page 5 of 53 challenges across the economic, social, cultural and political sectors. Accounting for only 4.8% of seats in Parliament and an even lower percentage at the provincial and local levels, women struggle to have their voices heard.
In Sri Lanka, it is estimated that there are 90,000 female Figure 2 headed households, with approximately two-thirds in the conflict affected areas of the country and approximately 12,800 military widows in the South4. These women, including wives and mothers of the disappeared, often face severe economic hardships due to being forced into the role of primary income earner with limited skills and lack of access to sustainable livelihood opportunities. They are also often affected by psychosocial problems linked to the lack of closure on cases of disappearance resulting in their inability to move on. Former female combatants similarly face socio-economic challenges and challenges related to re- integration and stigmatization from their communities. There are many Muslim women who have been affected by forced displacement, who now live in fear of new threats linked to recent anti-Muslim attacks. Many of the women in minority communities believe that they are caught between extremists in their own community and extremists amongst the Sinhala Buddhist majority. With a lack of robust socio-economic support systems, women from all backgrounds speak of having coped during the last decade through the networking and solidarity of women within their own communities.
Across the North and the East, community consultations suggest that security remains a primary concern for all women, combined with high levels of violence against women and girls often linked to a militarised environment, gender inequality, restrictive and patriarchal social mores and psychological impact of the armed conflict. In a study in 2013, 41 percent of women IDPs indicated that they do not feel safe staying alone at home, with the highest levels of insecurity reflected in Killinochchi and Mullaitivu. Next to security, social and economic issues are paramount, in particular, access to land and housing, a lack of sustainable livelihoods, and indebtedness. Economic insecurity has also contributed to a rise in early marriages as parents try to provide security for their daughters.
1.2 Peacebuilding context
From 2009 to 2014 certain measures were taken by the previous government to promote peace, for example the appointment of the Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission and the Presidential Commission to Investigate Missing Persons. However, many of the efforts fell short of meeting expectations from victims and meeting international standards with regard to transitional justice. As such, for many, the period is seen as one of missed opportunities in terms of building peace. The reservations of the Government to many elements of the peacebuilding agenda, and the at times challenging relationship that it had with key domestic and international stakeholders were serious limiting factors. The previous Government until January 2015 prioritized economic recovery as a strategy to sustain peace. This approach directly undermined addressing the core grievances of the minorities and the root causes of the conflict, which include structural issues revolving around power sharing, discrimination, access to land and militarization. The Peacebuilding Context Assessment (2016) noted the large and multi-faceted task for peacebuilding, which requires transforming the ‘negative peace’ of the early post conflict years, in the direction of a ‘positive peace’.
The political transition in 2015 empowered moderates among both the Sinhala and Tamil communities with a popular mandate for peacebuilding and governance reform to advance peace and reconciliation in Sri Lanka. The National Unity Government formed with a cross-party political alliance of the two largest political parties - the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP) and the United National Party (UNP), and the positive working relationships of cooperation with the main Tamil party, the Tamil National Alliance (TNA) provides an opportunity to advance reconciliation, and facilitate peacebuilding. These political circumstances are considered unprecedented and
4 Provided by UN Women Page 6 of 53 provide an important window of opportunity, which will inevitably shrink over time, to expand and pursue the agenda of building a positive peace, which, if not seized upon quickly, may inevitably shrink over time.
Peacebuilding in Sri Lanka requires a complex and multi-level national political consensus in order to achieve sustainable peace. Both horizontal (inter-elite) consensus and vertical (deeper social) consensus are necessary prerequisites for a robust peacebuilding agenda. However, the depth of support and legitimacy that comes from a ‘vertical’ consensus (between political elites and the people) on vital issues of state reform and reconciliation is currently weak. This can make the horizontal consensus shallow and vulnerable, and can undermine any political solution borne out of elite-level negotiations. This disconnect is particularly evident with the Sinhala-Buddhist majority community and if left unaddressed, can become politically potent.
The assessment also indicated that beyond the political dynamics of consensus, sustaining a positive peace requires major political reforms at every level: the constitution, legislation and governance institutions. In particular, constitutional-level changes are needed to provide a political solution to the grievances of the Tamil people, and these have to be complemented with the broader agenda of governance reforms aimed at remedying the senses of injustice felt by Sri Lankan people of all communities. Governance reforms will have a quicker impact on the ground, will be politically easier to accomplish, and will help to mobilise public support for peacebuilding.
Decades of politicization and de-professionalization have eroded Sri Lanka’s governance institutions, including many that are expected to render top-level constitutional reforms into ground-level realities. Governance reforms to improve (i) effectiveness, (ii) de-politicization, (iii) inclusion, and (iv) accountability are relatively easier to execute through constitutional, legislative, institutional and administrative measures than reforms involving power-sharing and transitional justice. These governance reforms are necessary not just as an instrumental element of the peace process: to meaningfully implement an ethnic political resolution and create vital political capital that aids vertical consensus between the Government and people; but also as an intrinsic part of peacebuilding: to address and mitigate the radicalized frustration with state institutions that led to the conflict, and to build confidence and trust among people with regard to the stewardship of Government by those who are moving the peacebuilding agenda forward through reforms that have been previously resisted.
After decades of war, women’s voices, their historical experiences and their meaningful participation are at the heart of peacebuilding and constructing an inclusive society. However, patriarchal-based structural inequalities predicate that women rarely have the same resources and access, political rights or authority to control their lives and contribute to state-building. Women’s participation and representation not only in consultations but in higher levels of decision and policy-making in peacebuilding and recovery require special attention and specific measures. The lack of inclusion of women at every level of the political and governance hierarchy and at every stage of policy deliberation, formulation and implementation is likely to impact the quality, reach, and depth of decision making necessary for lasting peacebuilding.
On reconciliation, the process of healing and enhancing inter-ethnic harmony and co-existence has to come from within Sri Lanka, its people and its Government. With reconciliation still not well understood by 32 percent of the population5 and meaning very different things to different people there is need for greater advocacy to generate a common national understanding. Given that the immediate post-conflict years saw little in the way of a meaningful reconciliation Sri Lanka’s reconciliation process will need to prioritize three broad areas of consideration: . Addressing the underlying structural and societal drivers of conflict which is as much a conflict between people as it is one between communities and the state magnified through ethnically divisive state policies and practices; . Fostering a process of closure and accountability and listening to the views and opinions of the victims and survivors who will prioritize different aspects of transitional justice depending on their lived experiences of the conflict and current circumstances; . Peace that generates confidence and is resilient at the level of communities and individuals, such as memorialization and restoring a sense of normalcy in people’s everyday lives, involve and integrate young people in the peacebuilding process, and rebuild social support structures to ensure non-recurrence of violence.
Peacebuilding will also need to factor for economic considerations, especially how economic history and economic interests have been drivers of the conflict. It also involves an understanding of the economic realities within the provinces and areas that have recently emerged from the devastation of conflict. Competition for
5 The word reconciliation has no direct translation in either the Sinhala or Tamil languages. Page 7 of 53 benefits that derive from state power, including for Government employment, state land, education, and physical security, have morphed into an ethnic competition and conflict. The conflict dynamics are heightened by an economically insecure inward-looking Sinhala business class that sponsors ethno-religious movements to intimidate rival local economic competition from non-Sinhala Buddhists. However, there is also a Sinhala business class that has transitioned to focus on exports and integration with global markets that support the mitigation of conflict.
The economic status of conflict affected areas is critical for sustaining peace. The two provinces that have been the theatres of conflict lag behind other provinces in important respects. However, the Northern and Eastern Provinces have also grown significantly after the end of the conflict, and aggregate income inequality, and multi- dimensional indicators of poverty between these and other provinces are not likely to be the operative problem going forward. The focus of economic engagement may now need to shift towards tackling the inequalities within the war-affected provinces, between these province’s own districts and cities. There are geographic pockets of extreme deprivation across the country that run the risk of being forgotten or left behind by measures of success that focus on statistical averages. This provides scope for broader economic restoration and uplifting of the most vulnerable segments of people including youth, disabled, women ex-combatants, female heads of households, the indebted, suppressed-castes, and farmers and fishermen and groups that have been vulnerable to radicalization. These aspects are important in themselves as positive measures of peacebuilding, and are relevant to the transitional justice concern of non-recurrence of conflict.
The restorative framework would be geared to at least four segments of conflict-affected people in Sri Lanka: (i) people of all communities who have suffered in the main theatre of conflict; (ii) soldiers and families of soldiers; (iii) victims of LTTE atrocities outside the theatre of conflict; and (iv) those displaced from their homes and forced outside the theatre of war. Specific attention in all segments will be accorded to the needs and experiences of women, children and people with disabilities.
Peacebuilding also demands reorientation of the security sector to transform towards the needs of peacebuilding, while addressing security concerns from a citizens’ perspective. An example of the security gap is the poor law enforcement in the Northern Province, which has a particularly important bearing on the safety of women. Several key areas around which progress needs to be focused in the security sector include the following: . Re-orientation and managing change that can be addressed within a long-term process of re-thinking and adjusting the functioning of the security sector to assist the needs of peacebuilding; . Reverse the military occupation of public and private land, both during and after the war, which continues to be a source of resentment; . Reduction of the military presence or de-concentration in the North and the East is an important contributor to normalization of life in conflict-affected areas . Dealing with post-conflict religious violence by newly formed Sinhala Buddhist extremist groups such as the Bodu Bala Sena (BBS) and the Sinhala Ravaya targeting Muslims and Christians. The change in Government has done much to reduce the political patronage previously enjoyed by these groups that allowed them to operate with impunity from law enforcement. Moving forward, an alteration in the political balance in their favor can be expected to contribute to resurgence in religious violence. . Specific directives aimed at behavioral changes for example the dissemination of a zero-tolerance directive/policy on abuse of authority, including sexual exploitation and abuse.
1.3 Government priorities: Political transition, HRC Resolution, National Government, Constitutional Assembly
The Presidential election held on 8 January 2015, was a landmark moment in the history of Sri Lanka. The political transition resulted in the formation of a National Unity Government bringing the two largest political parties together for the first time since independence. The President, Maithripala Sirisena and the Prime Minister, Ranil Wickremasinghe have stressed that they are politically committed to securing long term peace and reconciliation premised on principles of good governance while strengthening democratic institutions. Following the parliamentary elections in August 2015, a joint pledge was made by the country’s leadership to ensure ethnic and religious reconciliation, and further constitutional reforms to ensure ethnic unity and uphold the rights of minorities.
In his statement to the Human Rights Council on 14 September 2015, the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sri Lanka promised to establish “independent, credible and empowered mechanisms for truth seeking, justice, reparations
Page 8 of 53 and guarantees of non-recurrence within the framework of the constitution.”6 The Government proposed a Commission for Truth, Justice, Reconciliation and Non-recurrence, an Office on Missing Persons, an Office for Reparations and a judicial mechanism with a special counsel to investigate grave violations. The Government has also committed to a number of other legislative reforms and safeguards to guarantee non-recurrence. Commitment was also made to strengthen the National Human Rights Commission in line with the Paris Principles. Many of these commitments have subsequently been included in resolution 30/1 adopted by consensus by the Human Rights Council with the co-sponsorship of Sri Lanka.7 The resolution, inter alia: Supports the commitment of the Government of Sri Lanka to strengthen and safeguard the credibility of the processes of truth-seeking, justice, reparations and guarantees of non-recurrence by engaging in broad national consultations with the inclusion of victims and civil society, including non-governmental organizations, from all affected communities, which will inform the design and implementation of these processes, drawing on international expertise, assistance and best practices; Welcomes the commitment of the Government of Sri Lanka to undertake a comprehensive approach to dealing with the past, incorporating the full range of judicial and non-judicial measures; also welcomes in this regard the proposal by the Government to establish a commission for truth, justice, reconciliation and non-recurrence, an office of missing persons and an office for reparations; further welcomes the willingness of the Government to give each mechanism the freedom to obtain financial, material and technical assistance from international partners, including the Office of the High Commissioner; and affirms that these commitments, if implemented fully and credibly, will help to advance accountability for serious crimes by all sides and to achieve reconciliation; Welcomes the recognition by the Government of Sri Lanka that accountability is essential to uphold the rule of law and to build confidence in the people of all communities of Sri Lanka in the justice system, notes with appreciation the proposal of the Government of Sri Lanka to establish a judicial mechanism with a special counsel to investigate allegations of violations and abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian law, as applicable; affirms that a credible justice process should include independent judicial and prosecutorial institutions led by individuals known for their integrity and impartiality; and also affirms in this regard the importance of participation in a Sri Lankan judicial mechanism, including the special counsel’s office, of Commonwealth and other foreign judges, defence lawyers and authorized prosecutors and investigators
Significant progress has been made since January 2015. Space for dissent and activism has reopened in civil society. There have also been gains in rule-of-law and liberal-democratic governance, with the police and judiciary functioning more independently and reduced powers of the executive presidency consequent to the 19th amendment to the Constitution. President Sirisena and Prime Minister Wickremesinghe have set a conciliatory tone on ethnic issues. The Government’s broader agenda is extremely ambitious, including a new constitution, to be drafted and approved by the end of 2016 – early 2017, further governance and rule-of-law reforms, addressing the legacy of the conflict and major changes in economic policy.
Some of the important steps undertaken by the national Government are summarized below:
Strengthening Democratic Institutions
. Passing the 19th Amendment to the Constitution that consolidated democratic institutions by introducing reforms to (i) scale back powers of the President, in particular, through re-imposing a two-term limit; (ii) bring in Right to Information as a fundamental right; and (iii) strengthening 11 oversight bodies with appointments of commissioners and chairpersons based on recommendations of the Constitutional Council which consists of representatives selected by both government and opposition.
6 http://www.mfa.gov.lk/index.php/en/media/media-releases/unhrc2015/6200-slfm-hrc30 7 Promoting reconciliation, accountability and human rights in Sri Lanka, A/HRC/30/L.29, page 3 Page 9 of 53
. Constitutional reforms being led by a 21-member Steering Committee to the Constitutional Assembly which is in charge of developing a draft constitution with representation from all political parties. The steering committee is in dialogue to discuss the electoral reforms and devolution of powers to provincial councils. In May 2016, the Public Representations Committee published its report on the public consultations on constitutional reform. . The passing of a mandatory 25% quota for women in local government bodies. . Continued transfer of counter-terrorism functions from the military to the civilian police, yet to be fully materialized.
Advancing Reconciliation
. Taking immediate actions to address the core grievances of minorities and IDPs including releasing 3,281 acres of land occupied by the military or reserved as a Special Economic Zone, appointing civilian governors in the North and the East, strengthening civilian administration, maintaining the tradition of singing the national anthem in Sinhala and Tamil, and changing May 19 which was marked as the Victory Day for the last five years, to 'Remembrance Day' to commemorate all who died in the conflict. . Efforts to fast track the release of security-related detainees under the PTA which has so far resulted in 39 prisoners being released on bail in 2015. . To advance reconciliation, the Government has established three ministries with complementary functions, including the Ministry of National Integration and Reconciliation that operates under the leadership of the President and that includes in its structure an Office of National Unity and Reconciliation (ONUR), which is an ad hoc body created to specifically focus on strengthening inter-ethnic and inter-religious relationships and is headed by the former President Madam Kumaratunga. In addition, the Ministry of Prison Reforms, Rehabilitation, Resettlement and Hindu Religious Affairs and the Ministry of National Co-existence, Dialogue and Official Languages headed by Cabinet Ministers are responsible for resettlement of IDPs, refugees and returnees, rehabilitation of combatants, and implementation of the official language policy, amongst others respectively. . Establishing the Secretariat for Coordinating Reconciliation Mechanisms (SCRM) within the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) to oversee the reconciliation and transitional justice process. SCRM will ensure institutional coherence by coordinating with relevant Ministries, Task Forces, Provincial Councils, District Secretariats etc. to facilitate and progress reconciliation and non-recurrence. . Engagement with the diaspora, with initial dialogues with several groups in UK, Norway, Australia, USA etc., initiated by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Progressing Transitional Justice
. Committing in the context of the Human Rights Council resolution co-sponsored by Sri Lanka in October 2015 (A/HRC/30/1) to “undertake a comprehensive approach to dealing with the past, incorporating the full range of judicial and non-judicial measures” including a commission for truth, justice, reconciliation and non- recurrence, an office on missing persons, an office for reparations, and a judicial mechanism with a special counsel to investigate allegations of grave human rights violations. . The Government of Sri Lanka leading on the Consultation process within the framework of the reconciliation strategy and appointing an eleven-member Consultation Task Force with representation of prominent human rights activists from civil society and academics. . Establishing the Prime Ministerial Action Group (PMAG) chaired by the Prime Minister to guide the process of reconciliation and accountability, the Steering Committee on International Commitments chaired by the Foreign Minister and the technical working groups of the Steering Committee to develop a coordinated plan for the mechanisms envisaged for truth-seeking, justice and reparations. . Adoption of Assistance to and Protection of Victims of Crime and Witnesses Act (March 2015) and establishment of a National Authority for the Protection of Victims of Crime and Witnesses (January 2016). . The establishment of the Office on Missing Persons (OMP) through legislation and issuing the certificate of absence. . Government is strengthening its dialogue with the security and law enforcement agencies including on transitional justice issues and seeking UN assistance to develop counter-terrorism legislation that is up-to- date and consistent with the international legal counter-terrorism instruments and other relevant international obligations and standards, to replace the Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA). . Initiation of a comprehensive review of the Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA), aimed at ensuring compliance with international law, including international human rights, refugee and humanitarian law.
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Government acknowledges the importance of each of the tracks to move in a coordinated manner to ensure steady progress, and the need to build consensus through all party consultations for durable peace.
1.4 United Nations engagement
The UN has ensured a comprehensive and coordinated strategy of high level engagement with the Government of Sri Lanka to advance the dialogue on accountability and reconciliation that has been set by the Government. This is premised on the aforementioned UNHRC resolution (October 2015) which was adopted by consensus with the co-sponsorship of Sri Lanka. The Secretary-General has met with the President and the Prime Minister and assured them of the UN’s technical assistance to support Sri Lanka’s peacebuilding and reconciliation efforts. In addition, the Under-Secretary-General for political affairs and the High Commissioner for Human Rights through their visits, have galvanized support to comprehensively address core grievances and human rights violations to consolidate durable peace in Sri Lanka. The Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence is supporting the Government to conceptualise, develop, and sequence the transitional justice framework premised on an inclusive and participatory process. He has specifically noted the need to build capabilities for transitional justice within the Government.
The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights presented a comprehensive report on the principal findings of the investigation conducted by his office into alleged serious violations and abuses of human rights and related crimes during the armed conflict in Sri Lanka to the Human Rights Council in September 2015 which included a wide range of recommendations “on the way forward, including on the establishment of a hybrid special court to try war crimes and crimes against humanity allegedly committed by all parties to the armed conflict” (A/HRC/30/61) and an oral update to the Human Rights Council in June 2016 with a renewed call for a determination to pursue accountability by meeting its obligations under international human rights law and institutional reforms. The High Commissioner will report to the Human Rights Council on progress made in March 2017. The Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non- recurrence is providing support through technical visits to the Government on the transitional justice framework.
In this context, the Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) has committed to provide flexible and strategic Peacebuilding Funding (PBF) in support of the Government’s Peacebuilding Priority Plan which will serve as the framework for a coordinated Government, UN and development partners’ response to secure durable peace in Sri Lanka. Following Sri Lanka being declared eligible by the Secretary-General to receive financial support from the PBF’s Peacebuilding and Recovery Facility (PRF) in November 2015, the PBSO fielded a technical mission to support the Government and the UN to map out the process for development of a Peacebuilding Priority Plan (PPP). In December 2015, the Government presented the proposed road-map for a consultative process that would draw upon a Peacebuilding Context Assessment, wide consultations with different stakeholders, and consolidate and build on the IRF priorities. The Government also put forward a proposed framework for the PPP that included four priority areas – Transitional Justice, Reconciliation, Good Governance and Resettlement and Durable Solutions.
In January 2016, the Peacebuilding Fund Board was constituted to guide the process of preparing the PPP. At the same time, the Peacebuilding Context Assessment was commissioned as an independent review that could be drawn upon by the Peacebuilding Fund Board to help identify peacebuilding challenges and opportunities. The Peacebuilding Context Assessment looked at conflict drivers across five sectors including security, politics, governance, economy and reconciliation and incorporated a rigorous cross-cutting gender analysis. In March 2016, PBSO and the Department of Political Affairs (DPA) fielded a joint mission to Sri Lanka to support the UN Country Team and key stakeholders to begin deliberations on strategic priorities that should be addressed through the PPP. During the mission consultations were held with key Government counterparts, civil society representatives, religious leaders, development partners and the UN Country Team. The various inputs were collated and brought together into a PPP synthesis matrix that sought to capture the strategic priorities and corresponding outputs for each of the four proposed priority areas of the PPP. Stakeholder consultations
PBF Board meetings on emerging priorities under the PPP were followed by regional consultations with Government officials, civil society representatives and UN colleagues that were hosted by Chief Secretaries in the Northern and Eastern provinces. In both instances, the civil society and Government partners noted that this was the first time that such a dialogue had taken place and expressed keen interest in putting in place a mechanism
Page 11 of 53 for regular exchange. The meetings in many ways served as an important confidence building mechanism, allowing for open, honest and constructive dialogue and serving as a first step in institutionalizing space for dialogue and fostering a sense of partnership between the Government officials and civil society in terms of working together in support of peacebuilding. There were also consultations with INGO representatives in Colombo and the north and the east. During June 2016, the Secretariat for Coordinating Reconciliation Mechanisms convened a meeting with the Chief Secretaries from all nine Provinces to review the draft PPP priorities. The civil society representatives on the PBF Board facilitated a consultation with civil society representatives from outside the North and the East.
1.5 Mapping of relevant peacebuilding interventions
Since the January 2015 Presidential elections, a number of international partners have seen their development assistance to Sri Lanka increase, largely to support the process of building peace.
Before 2015, peacebuilding support had been mostly focused on humanitarian and early recovery interventions, such as those aimed at revitalizing the economy through livelihood and local economic development assistance, generating immediate peace dividends through support for resettlement, and re-stablishing essential administrative services in the North and the East. Until 2014, UN and NGO interventions were strictly monitored by a Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development and Security in the Northern Province, which approved projects aligned to Government development priorities that at the time mostly focused on infrastructure and livelihood development. Many bilateral donors would in parallel support small projects with civil society to promote human rights and democracy at grassroots level, yet were unable to publicise them. Space to work on the structural drivers of conflict was limited, as was the space to address the psychosocial impacts of the conflict. At the same time civil society consultations were deterred and restriction was placed upon data collection through surveys and needs assessments. This situation changed in January 2015, and the space opened for partners to engage more widely in support of peacebuilding opportunities and Government’s efforts at peacebuilding.
As per data included in the World Bank’s draft Country Partnership Framework document (2016), Sri Lanka received approximately US$5.8 billion in aid in 20148. The top five largest disbursements were received from China (22 percent of total disbursements), Japan (18 percent of total disbursements), India (10 percent of total disbursements), the Asian Development Bank (18 percent of total disbursements) and the World Bank Group (14 percent of total disbursements). Sectors with the highest level of donor financing were roads and bridge infrastructure (approximately 50 percent of total disbursements), energy and water supply (approximately 9 percent each of total disbursements), and education, labor and vocational training (approximately 7 percent of total disbursements).
The UN undertook a mapping of peacebuilding interventions by different actors during the first and second quarter of 2016 based on the Four Pillars of support outlined by the Government, i.e. transitional justice, reconciliation, good governance, and resettlement and durable solutions. The list of support programmes/projects is maintained in a database (available on request), and a summary of the support under each of the outcome areas of the PPP is provided below9.
The analysis shows that in the area of Transitional Justice, there is support for the design process of the different mechanisms but only relatively ad-hoc and small-scale support for victim assistance programmes. The Government is exploring with development partners possible longer term and comprehensive support towards the implementation of the different transitional justice mechanisms. Going forward, the UK has allocated US$1.6 million for transitional justice, while the EU is looking to support reconciliation initiatives, including transitional justice from its 2014-2020 bilateral larger grant allocation of US$237 million (€ 210 million) that also includes rural development
In the field of Reconciliation, many of the bilateral partners have programmes that together amount to approximately US$25 million and are aimed at promoting inter-group relations and understanding, suggesting this is an important sector for them. With regard to gaps and opportunities, taking into account the number of partners engaged in supporting downstream people-to-people interventions, there is a need for strong coordination in the sector to ensure coherence with effective targeting and coverage. With regard to the geographical spread of
8 Figure includes concessionary loan finance and grants. 9 Based on information shared by development partners. Page 12 of 53 ongoing initiatives, there is a need for wider support in areas outside of the North and the East, especially considering the fact that familiarity with and acceptance of the peacebuilding agenda may be weakest amongst these communities. Similarly, there could be greater focus on the role of women in peacebuilding as support is currently relatively small-scale given the challenges, and likewise attention to religious leaders could be further strengthened. There is also no partner currently working on consensus building amongst political leaders at either the central, provincial or local levels.
Under Good Governance, ongoing grant financed programmes amount to approximately US$32 million, of which more than 50% is directed towards promoting citizen engagement and the fostering of cooperation between civil society and Government partners. The balance is focused on strengthening the performance of national institutions, with a focus on effective and efficient service delivery that is accountable and transparent.
In terms of financial assistance, initiatives in the area of Resettlement and Durable Solutions account for the largest share of funds due to the high costs associated with infrastructure rehabilitation, housing construction and livelihood promotion. Almost all of the key bilateral partners are supporting livelihoods initiatives mostly focused in the North and the East, although some partners have extended support to cover other lagging areas where the needs are very real and significant. Together, the current funding from various bilateral donors for livelihood promotion amounts to more than US$100 million which is delivered mostly through UN agencies and NGOs. There are still significant gaps in support of resettlement and durable solutions with very little assistance allocated for the families resettling on the land released at the end of 2015 and in early 2016.
SECTION 2: Objectives of PBF Support and Proposed Priority Plan implementation
2.1 Purpose and strategy of the Priority Plan
The Peacebuilding Priority Plan (PPP) is informed by a Peacebuilding Context Assessment. At the request of the Government of Sri Lanka, the PPP is intended to serve as the framework for a coordinated Government, UN and development partners’ response to peacebuilding in Sri Lanka. It therefore sequences technical assistance and support based on priorities critical for progressing reconciliation and accountability.
The purpose and strategy of the plan builds on the following points:
In support of peacebuilding opportunities: The changed political context in Sri Lanka following the elections in 2015 and the formation of a unity Government committed to an agenda of human rights, good governance and the rule of law, represents an historic opportunity to advance accountability and reconciliation as necessary steps towards long term and sustainable peace. Although the new Government has embarked on a number of initiatives since January 2015, and outlined its plans for transitional justice mechanisms and reconciliation, these are currently going through a process of a broad based public consultation to acquire national support and ownership, particularly among victims’ groups and civil society. Following this, the recommendations will be consolidated into a comprehensive strategy. The PPP is considered a useful instrument to promote a comprehensive approach, with attention to prioritisation, sequencing and coordination. It also provides the scope to follow-up on other crucial peacebuilding efforts, including support to Government’s efforts on ethnic and religious reconciliation, and further constitutional reforms to ensure ethnic unity and uphold the rights of minorities. In this regard, the UN has been following through on its support commitments and has adopted an approach to set the groundwork to develop a cohesive UN strategy for peacebuilding in Sri Lanka. The implementation of the Human Rights Council Resolution is considered as an important aspect of the peacebuilding agenda and the Government is cooperating with the UN in areas of transitional justice, governance and in delivering durable solutions for IDPs.
Builds off the Human Rights Council resolution: The Government, in its commitment towards advancing accountability, reconciliation and human rights in September 2015 at the Human Rights Council , pledged for a “meaningful reconciliation, strengthening democratic institutions, good governance, the rule of law, and confidence building among communities affected by conflict for many years”, has with the support of its development partners including the UN, prioritized the implementation of the Human Rights Council Resolution (30/1) as part of its peacebuilding and reconciliation strategy. The UN, with its normative mandate, is well suited to support the implementation of the accountability/Transitional Justice process and peace consolidation. Within the context of the PPP, the UN has identified needs in the implementation of the resolution and the Government’s Page 13 of 53 reconciliation agenda. Following the adoption of the Human Rights Council resolution, the Government of Sri Lanka has embarked on the implementation of its key recommendations and provisions. This is a difficult task that would be a major challenge for any country, as it requires putting into effect a comprehensive transitional justice process with its inherent complexity due to, at times overlapping, complementary and mutually reinforcing parts, and the need to have the appropriate capacities, structures and, most importantly, resources to turn such commitments into practice. The support and guidance sought by the Government of Sri Lanka from the United Nations will be provided through the PPP with a goal to strategically move forward with a nationally owned and victim-centric process that advances accountability and reconciliation for all Sri Lankans.
Three year comprehensive plan: The PPP has an implementation timeframe of three (3) years and outlines a number of measures on reconciliation and accountability/Transitional Justice to be implemented or carried out concurrently. The Plan enables the balancing of priorities given that not all the measures will produce immediate and tangible outcomes (i.e. the establishment of an Office on Missing Persons; a Truth Commission etc.), but are nonetheless deemed vital to move the reconciliation and transitional justice process forward by developing and internalizing capacities, building trust and confidence and laying the groundwork for processes that will require a long term commitment. It is furthermore important to recognize the crosscutting nature of reconciliation and transitional justice, which calls for the mainstreaming of its elements throughout various other reform processes, including constitutional and rule of law reforms.
Priorities with government and civil society support: The UN Resident Coordinator and UNCT developed the PPP document with guidance from the PBF Board and through a process of consultation involving key Government, UN, development partner and civil society stakeholders. The process began with a joint UNCT- SCRM strategic planning workshop in March 2016, which was followed by a series of stakeholder consultations. This consultative and exploratory process developed a shared understanding amongst stakeholders of the new challenges in the reconciliation and accountability process. In all, stakeholders found that the UN, as an impartial third party actor and with its capacity for inter-agency programming, continues to be well placed to support key areas of the peace process. The process also ensured the greatest possible degree of alignment and complementarity between the PPP, HRC Resolution and the peace-building and political reform activities of the Government and other development actors. As a result of the process, the PPP developed a set of clear planning priorities and identified strategic areas of support. It is against this that partners have been able to identify key UN comparative advantages and complementary strategic outcomes that should be funded through the PBF, thereby avoiding overlaps and ensuring the greatest possible synergy between actors and initiatives.
Catalytic effect to leverage donor support: The PPP builds on the recognition that a strategic, coordinated and sequenced approach ensures that the limited resources and capacities are utilized most effectively and helps catalyze and sustain medium to long-term multilateral and bilateral support to Sri Lanka’s peacebuilding agenda. Sri Lanka’s international development partners agreed to consider and support priorities identified in the PPP and to this end, the PPP strategy is, in effect, a ‘framework for support’ by all development partners. In this context, peacebuilding support though the PBF is catalytic and strategic, and is not intended to be comprehensive or to reflect the total contribution of the UN to peace building in Sri Lanka. PBF projects are intended to be short-term interventions with immediate impact, based on peacebuilding priorities identified by the Government. Through this instrument, the UN will be catalytic not only through its ability to support the Government to ‘break the ice’ on some of the most politically contentious issues (e.g. transitional justice; reconciliation, resettlement of IDPs, peace tracking; police and security sector transformation), but also to continue to sustain many crucial but less headline sectors (e.g. women, peace and security; youth, peace and security, conflict affected children; dialogue and conflict transformation) through technical, policy and advocacy support. PPP interventions and support are designed to complement existing efforts and catalyze new action by applying required technical and financial inputs where there are critical gaps. The international community and development partners are expected to commit resources to the implementation of the reconciliation and accountability/Transitional Justice processes using the PPP as a guide. The UN in Sri Lanka will therefore play a central role in identifying support needs and channeling responses from the United Nations system and the donor community.
2.2 Programming principles and considerations for PPP
Guiding principles
The following principles, which are consistent with those of the accountability/Transitional Justice agenda, will also guide the implementation of the PPP:
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. Victim centric: reconciliation and transitional justice approaches will all aim at dealing with the consequences of the inter-ethnic conflict and legacies of systematic human rights violations and abuses so as to provide healing and redress for all victims; . National ownership: the design and implementation of both the reconciliation and transitional justice agenda is first and foremost an exercise for Sri Lankans and has to be led by Sri Lankans; . Holistic, comprehensive approach: the multidimensional nature of the transitional justice agenda requires careful identification of linkages between interdependent and mutually reinforcing processes, such as justice and security sector reforms and democratic governance.; . Coordinated: a strategic, coordinated and sequenced approach ensures that the limited resources and capacities are utilized most effectively and helps sustain long-term multilateral and bilateral support to Sri Lanka’s transitional justice agenda, with the United Nations Country Team playing a central role; . Civil Society: engagement with civil society will be mainstreamed across the four pillars of the PPP, with civil society taking on an important role during the project development, implementation and monitoring stages. The PPP will also include dedicated support for strengthening the role of civil society and volunteerism in peacebuilding. . National focus: The PPP will adopt an evidence based approach to covering different parts of the country, depending on the issue. . Gender sensitive: throughout all stages, it is important to recognize the critical role of women, especially those from marginalized communities, as well as the specific violations they have suffered and their specific needs of redress; . Periodically reviewed: it is essential to regularly reflect the evolving Sri Lankan context and adopt mechanisms that are capable of responding to change and of proposing appropriate adjustments to priorities and activities; and . Contribute to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 on justice, peace and strong institutions and SDG 5 on gender equality: The initiatives supported under the PPP will be included in wider framework of support to the SDGs, and will seek to coordinate with other initiatives contributing to the same goals.
To guarantee proper and more focused attention on gender and youth in the PPP, the following strategies will be adhered to:
Gender strategy/approach
The Sri Lanka Peacebuilding Fund Board has committed to implement a strategy to systematically mainstream a gender perspective in the work of the PPP. To this end, the PPP formulation was informed and guided by the Gender Country Assessment (GCA) commissioned by UN Women (2016) which analyzed peace and conflict dynamics from a gender lens, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact and effects of conflict on women and girls in Sri Lanka. This assessment builds on findings of the Country Context Assessment and defines a series of priority interventions for PPP engagement on gender equality and women’s participation in Sri Lanka. In all, the objective is to ensure that peacebuilding initiatives in Sri Lanka include leveraging women’s capacities and contributions, and developing strategies for inclusion which recognize their roles, and diverse experiences of conflict. Without women’s engagement at the stages of peace consolidation, the dangers of relapse are greatly heightened.
The following key components will be considered in integrating gender perspectives into the work of the PPP:
. Strengthen the substantive, cross-cutting integration of gender perspectives in all PPP thematic and strategic engagement, and should include a gender analysis and priority areas targeting gender equality in all its projects. For example, this can be done through: peace and security (Security Sector Reform (SSR), Rule of Law (RoL), constitutional reforms and good governance); human rights (women’s rights, sexual and gender- based violence (SGBV) and conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV)); and development (socio-economic development and empowerment of women, employment, health and nutrition, education). . Identify thematic priority areas of gender equality for country-specific engagement with all relevant actors including men and boys - specific areas for gender equality include: Participation in reconciliation and accountability/Transitional Justice processes and prevention; Post-conflict governance and leadership (i.e. linked to the 25% quota); Rule of Law; Integration of gender equality within SSR; Economic empowerment; Women’s recovery processes and protection strategies (including for Female Headed Households (FHH)); . Engage men and boys in strategic ways – ensuring that men and boys are included as partners in specific processes of promoting gender equality and promoting women’s participation in the prevention and peacebuilding initiatives through trainings, sensitization programmes, etc; . Advocate actively for dedicated technical expertise on gender equality and peacebuilding. Welcome UN Women efforts to deploy a full time gender advisor to Sri Lanka. Explore other available funding
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opportunities that include: the PBF/Gender Promotion Initiative and UN Women Global Accelerated Initiative (GAI) to support priorities with gender and women in peacebuilding focus.
When reviewing projects, the Peacebuilding Board will be urged to use its leverage on the PPP to advocate for financial allocations to gender-responsive peacebuilding, in line with the Secretary-General’s target of 15% of peacebuilding funds to be allocated to gender equality. The PBF Secretariat will ensure monitoring of the gender targeted allocations.
Youth strategy
To promote the participation of youth in the peace process in Sri Lanka, the PPP will build on the December 2015 UN Security Council (SCR 2250) that recognizes the important and positive role of young women and men in the maintenance and promotion of international peace and security. In this regard, efforts will be made to support the important role young women and men can play in peace processes as a key aspect of the sustainability and inclusiveness. To this end the PPP will advocate for youth to be actively engaged in shaping lasting peace and contributing to justice and reconciliation. In Sri Lanka, the youth population presents a unique demographic dividend that can contribute to lasting peace and economic prosperity if inclusive policies and approaches are in place and implemented.
In particular, the PPP will promote the following pillars for action:
- Participation: to involve young people affected by conflict in the promotion of social cohesion; - Prevention: urging the facilitation of enabling environments, investments in socio‐economic development and quality education for young women and young men, and the creation of mechanisms to promote a culture of peace, gender equality, tolerance, intercultural and interreligious dialogue that involve youth; - Partnership: highlighting the need to increase political, financial, technical and logistical support for the work with young peacebuilders, and partnering with youth, local communities and non‐governmental actors in countering violent extremism.
2.3 Priority Plan Outcome Areas
The PPP identifies specific strategic outcomes within the Four Pillars proposed by the Government – these are: Transitional Justice; Reconciliation; Governance; and Resettlement and Durable solutions. The strategic outcome, priorities and funding needs are as outlined in the Annex.
Outcome 1: Transitional justice
Outcome Statement: Government leads a credible, victim-centric process of accountability, truth-seeking, reparations for past violations and guarantees of non-recurrence in line with international standards and obligations.
Theory of Change: IF legacy of past violations and abuse is addressed in a comprehensive, principled, rights- based, victim-centred manner THEN Sri Lankan society will consider that justice has been done and a sense of confidence in the State restored/generated.
Strategy
The Government of Sri Lanka has embarked on the implementation of its key recommendations and provisions of the Human Rights Council (HRC) resolution entitled “Promoting reconciliation, accountability and human rights in Sri Lanka” (A/HRC/30/1) that it co-sponsored in October 2015. The process acknowledges the fact that dealing with the past and establishing a new human rights culture is an enormous task that would be a major challenge for any country. The Government of Sri Lanka requested the support and guidance of the UN so that it can strategically move forward with a nationally owned and victim-centric process that addresses the grievances of victims, allegations of systematic violations of international human rights and international humanitarian law and advances accountability and reconciliation.
Page 16 of 53
The PPP builds on previous advisory work done by the UN at the request of the Government and outlines strategic elements for Sri Lanka to carry out a comprehensive transitional justice process and implement the HRC resolution in a strategic way and as part of its reconciliation process. The approach highlights the strategic nature and multidimensional aspects of transitional justice, and the linkages between the various, mutually reinforcing parts. It recommends that the Government develops a comprehensive transitional justice strategy which reflects outcomes of the ongoing national consultations with a number of initial steps that would help lay the basis for the establishment of transitional justice mechanisms. It is proposed to immediately strengthen the Government’s capacity to develop this strategic framework for transitional justice. It also acknowledges the need that other bilateral and multilateral donors contribute to different aspects of Sri Lanka’s transitional justice process, noting the importance of a coordinated approach.
There are a number of measures the Government needs to carry out concurrently to start a comprehensive transitional justice programme. The timeframe for these steps is defined as follows: short term (within three months), medium term (within nine months) and long term (12 months and beyond). It suggests prioritizing some key areas where immediate and tangible outcomes are possible (e.g. return of land currently occupied by military, establishment of an Office on Missing Persons, releasing political prisoners, legal measures to ensure protection of witnesses and victims and concrete steps to build confidence of minority communities). At the same time, it is proposed to invest in other areas which will require more groundwork and preparation such as training and sensitization of the military and various other actors, and strengthening prosecutorial, investigations and forensics skills to serve as the building blocks for the judicial mechanism. These elements are deemed vital to move the transitional justice agenda forward by developing and internalizing capacities, building trust and confidence and laying the groundwork for processes that will require a long term commitment. It will be essential that the strategy is developed and continually refined on the basis of the views and feedback received through the national consultation process. It is furthermore important to recognize the crosscutting nature of transitional justice, which calls for the mainstreaming of its elements throughout various other reform processes, including constitutional reform.
While recognizing the need for a comprehensive approach to progressing transitional justice, the PBF priorities include four strategic areas which will seek to lay the foundation for transitional justice. Support for national consultations on issues of truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence, is critical as the dialogue on transitional justice is best done with the participation of all those whose rights were violated. It is also a means of trying to guarantee a close fit between transitional justice mechanisms and the needs and expectations of their beneficiaries. In addition to OHCHR’s continued lead and engagement in transitional justice in close coordination with the Special Rapporteur in a technical advisory capacity is critical to the process while building up capabilities for transitional justice within the Government to enable the development of a comprehensive and strategic framework for transitional justice. From a victim centric perspective, the PPP also prioritizes supporting relevant stakeholders to operationalise the witnesses and victim protection mechanisms to ensure accountability for human rights violations while investing in healing and victim assistance programmes. These will support the process of dealing with the past and thereby contribute to reconciliation and sustainable peace. These focus areas together will enable the Government to engage in credible processes leading to the establishment of strong institutions capable of delivering, in a sustainable way, robust results over time in the areas of truth, justice, reparation, and guarantees of non-recurrence.
The transitional justice processes and mechanisms should adopt a transformative approach which seeks to address not just the consequences of violations committed during the conflict but the social relationships and structures of inequality that underpin the conflict violence and enable violations to occur. This involves an understanding of transitional justice that is forward looking, seeking not just the absence of conflict, but its permanent prevention and looking to change rather than revert to the status quo ante. In order for this to happen, transitional justice mechanisms and processes must address unequal gender and social relations to ensure that violence does not simply continue for the majority of the population in new forms.
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Summary of Strategic Priorities and PBF Funding Priorities
Transitional Justice Outcome: Government leads a credible, victim-centric process of accountability, truth-seeking, reparations for past violations and guarantees of non-recurrence in line with international standards and obligations.
Indicator 1: Degree of implementation of the TJ elements within the commitments in HRC Res 30/1 Baseline: The Government has advanced on constitutional reforms and showcased some positive developments on the broader human rights agenda. The fulfilment of transitional justice commitments has, however, been worryingly slow, and the structures set up and measures taken during the period under review were inadequate to ensure real progress (High Commissioners Report to HRC 2017); Target: TBC
Indicator 2: Relevant state institutions (note specific institutions) effectively promote, protect and respect human rights. a. # of cases of arbitrary arrest reported to the Human Rights Commission of Sri Lanka; b. # of torture complaints received by the Human Rights Commission of Sri Lanka Baseline: a = 438 (HRC 2016), b = 407 (HRC 2015); Target: TBC
Indicator 3: % of people that feel the GoSL is doing a very good or somewhat good job to redress past grievances Baselines: TBC; Target TBC
Indicator 4: % of redress measures provided to women within TJ mechanisms.
Baselines: N/A; Target TBC
Strategic Priority(s) Strategic Output(s)
10
y
11
(US$m)
(US$m)
PBF Funds Funds PBF Funds PBF
Committed Committed
through IRF through
Focus Area Focus
UN agency(s) UN
PBF Priorit PBF Pledged 2016 2016 Pledged
1. Support to bolster the High-level technical expertise x OHCHR/DPA/RCO 0.9 0.4 Government's strategic provided to the Government capacity to develop a on transitional justice and UN Women transitional justice strategy transitional justice strategy in which is victim centric and place and implemented comprehensively addresses issues of justice, truth, reparations and non- 1. Capacity recurrence. 2. Support for national A comprehensive report on x OHCHR 1.0 consultations on transitional national consultation on justice transitional justice available
3. Support to the Truth Commission established x OHCHR 0.2 establishment and and operationalised drawing
operationalisation of the on national consultations and UN Women Telling 2. Truth Truth 2. Truth Commission best practices
4. Support to the Office of Missing Persons
establishment and established and operationalisation of the operationalised drawing on
Office of Missing Persons best practices and national
Missing Missing Persons
3. Office of of Office 3. and design of relevant consultations legislation 5. Ensure effective witness Victim and Witness protection x OHCHR, UNDP 0.1 and victim protection, measures and legislation in including review of current place to support transitional legislation and necessary justice mechanisms
updates
6. Immediate support for Community driven x OHCHR, WHO, UN 0.1 1.0 healing and victim support programmes providing Women, UNDP, initiatives with prioritisation assistance to victims UNFPA, IOM of women, children and 4. Reparations persons with conflict related disabilities
- Community healing and victim assistance
10 Identified as a PBF funding priority, although not necessarily for 2016 11 Financial amounts per strategic priority are tentative estimates only Page 18 of 53
- Psycho-social - Civil society network - Disability
7. Establish and Reparations programme operationalise a formal established drawing on best Reparations Programme practices and national that is well understood and consultations, and including accessible by the people memorialisation (including memorialisation)
8. Support to accountability Accountability mechanisms mechanism for dealing with established and conflict related violations, operationalised drawing on 5. 5. including advance national consultations and best
reparations practices
Accountabilit y Mechanisms
9. Support for outcomes of Lessons drawn out from
national consultations and transitional justice - lessons on transitional consultations to inform justice and conflict constitutional reform process
prevention measures to and non and
recurrence inform the constitutional 6. Prevention 6. Prevention review Total PBF Commitments and Pledges (2016) 2.0 1.7
Outcome 2: Reconciliation
Outcome Statement: Positive relationships and mutual understanding between and among different groups contribute to peaceful co-existence and a sense of belonging in Sri Lanka.
Theory of Change: IF individuals from different groups (ethno-religious, socio-economic and gender) interact on a level playing field THEN they will increase levels of mutual understanding, improve/strengthen their relationship and find common ground.
Strategy
While reconciliation is mainstreamed across the PPP, and can be seen as a key objective for most of the outcome areas, the reconciliation outcome focuses in particular on those initiatives that directly strengthen inter-ethnic relationships and mutual understanding to support the vertical consensus, and in so doing serve as guarantees of non-recurrence.
At the policy level, the PPP includes support for the overarching policy framework on reconciliation and for a socio-economic policy environment that is conducive to the achievement of peace dividends. It also looks at supporting priority front-line institutions to implement the Official Languages Policy and thereby better ensure equal access to public goods and services. Maintaining the momentum of peace, the PPP also encourages working at multiple levels to create infrastructures for peace that promote dialogue, mutual understanding and peaceful co- existence while prioritising women, youth and engagement with political parties.
The PBF priorities for support under this outcome include those areas where some initial support has the potential to catalyse and help steer a larger process, areas where the UN’s neutrality is advantageous, and those areas that build on work currently being piloted through the PBF’s Immediate Response Facility. In this regard, a first priority is to support a whole of government approach towards the development of a national policy framework on reconciliation that brings together work across the social, cultural, political and economic fields. As a direct complement will be technical support to the institutional structures of Government with a mandate to lead on reconciliation, in particular the Secretariat for Coordinating Reconciliation Mechanisms which, as a relatively new institution, requires support for its core functional areas including multi-stakeholder coordination, communications, monitoring and evaluation, and policy formulation.
The PBF will also look to address a key structural driver of conflict through technical support for the institutionalisation of peace education within schools and other learning establishments. This will include as a first step a white paper on peace education and a review of the curriculum. With this being the first time in decades
Page 19 of 53 that there is a new generation of young people growing up outside the shadow of war, the education sector can play a critical role in fostering a culture of peace starting from childhood.
Lastly, the PBF will support the UN to facilitate dialogue with political parties and key societal groups. Inter and intra-party political dialogue will be supported with a view towards building horizontal and vertical consensus on key issues of reconciliation. Parties will also be engaged on the issue of women’s political participation with a view to securing joint commitments to affect positive change, such as through appointment of women into senior party positions. Support will also be extended to areas identified as potential conflict hotspots, for youth, women, religious leaders and faith groups to establish home-grown platforms and dialogue initiatives that can serve as long standing community based infrastructures for peace and early warning. Such platforms will not only serve as mechanisms for the non-violent resolution of conflict, but can also provide space for proactive consensus building in support of peace. Training in mediation and conflict negotiation will also be provided to key actors at the local level, enabling them to serve as ‘insider mediators’ who can work continuously at the community level to promote reconciliation and monitor and respond to emerging tensions, thus helping to ensure non-recurrence.
Summary of Strategic Priorities and PBF Funding Priorities
Reconciliation Outcome: Positive relationships and mutual understanding between and among different groups contribute to peaceful co-existence and a sense of belonging in Sri Lanka.
Indicator 1: % of people that strongly or somewhat agree that Sri Lanka is making progress on reconciliation. Baseline: 43% (2014 Strategic Context Assessment), Target: increase
Indicator 2: Incidence of negative coping behaviours (deliberate self-harm, crime, substance abuse) reduced. Baseline: Deliberate Self-Harm rate – 75,931 (2014), Suicide Rate – 3058 (2015), Child Abuse complaints/year - 10,732 (2015), # people with disorders related to alcohol use/ year - 108,882 (2015); Target TBC
Indicator 3: Degree of State action in support of reconciliation and equitable socio-economic policies # of HRC Resolution 30/1 commitments implemented (including areas of rule of law, security, power sharing and international engagement - but excluding TJ) as that is captured under Outcome 1, Indicator 1 Baseline: Of 27 (non-TJ related) HRC Resolution commitments, 4 are completed and there has been partial progress on 6 (June 2016 Report, Verite Research), Target: TBC
Indicator 4: % of people that feel that people from other ethno-religious communities are trustworthy. Baseline: 21% strongly, 42% somewhat agree (2016 Perceptions survey), Target: TBC
12
13
Strategic Priorities Strategic Outputs
(US$m)
(US$m)
PBF Funds Funds PBF Funds PBF
UN agency UN
Committed Committed
through IRF through
Focus Area Focus
PBF Priority PBF Pledged 2016 2016 Pledged
1. Support to developing the National policy on reconciliation x UNDP 0.2 national policy on reconciliation informed by best practices and
aimed at strengthening people national consultations DPA to people relationships.
National initiatives shaped by Policy
international and local lessons Analytical and and Analytical
learned and experiences 1.
2. Technical support to the Mechanism to foster inter- X UNDP, OHCHR 0.1 0.5 Secretariat for Coordinating governmental coherence on and RCO
Reconciliation Mechanisms reconciliation, Communications
(SCRM) to ensure coherent Strategy, and System to track and UN Women, facilitation and coordinated monitor impact UNICEF, UNV implementation of reconciliation initiatives
3. Support to relevant national Priority institutions providing 14 2. Institutions institutions to implement the services in all languages in line with Official Languages Policy the Policy (cutting across all four pillars)
12 Identified as a PBF funding priority, although not necessarily for 2016 13 Financial amounts per strategic priority are tentative estimates only 14 PBF support for languages will be incorporated as part of the support to the National Police Commission and through supporting key justice sector institutions (i.e. courts, legal draftsman department, legal aid commission) to address language gaps as part of the support towards promoting access to justice under the good governance outcome. Page 20 of 53
4. Strengthen the role of the Socio-economic reforms in support state in creating conducive of reconciliation socio-economic policy environment that also promotes reconciliation
5. Livelihoods: Bring different Economic activities where people
Economic Economic -
communities together through from different communities are livelihood initiatives participating 6. Promote private Sector Action plans in place for private engagement in and support for sector engagement and support to
people centric reconciliation reconciliation Dimensions initiatives
7. Support a review of the Education system, including x UNICEF 0.5 education system to ensure it is governance, policies and curricular,
3. Peace Dividend, Socio Dividend, 3. Peace conducive to promoting strengthened to promote ILO, UNESCO, reconciliation and cohesion reconciliation and social cohesion IOM and UNV
8. Facilitating inter and intra- Platforms for dialogue among x UNDP/RCO 0.2 - party political dialogues to build political actors created and used consensus on issues of UN Women, reconciliation including DPA and women's political participation UNICEF
9. Facilitating dialogue with Dialogue platforms created with Diaspora to strengthen the the diaspora peacebuilding agenda 10. Facilitating national and Community forums and x UNDP, UN 0.3 0.6
recurrence local dialogues to promote mechanisms for dialogue created Women, infrastructures for peace, and and used to promote peaceful UNFPA, UNV discussion on a social contract coexistence and dispute resolution
Engagement with religious leaders
4. Partnerships and Dialogues for non for Dialogues and 4. Partnerships on peacebuilding and reconciliation matters Total PBF Commitments and Pledges (2016) 0.6 1.8
Outcome 3: Governance
Outcome Statement: State institutions effectively, efficiently, equitably and transparently respond to the priorities of the population.
Theory of Change: IF state institutions are seen to respond in a fair and equitable manner to the population’s priorities THEN public confidence in state institutions will be enhanced and this will foster a sense of belonging.
Strategy
The PPP adopts a comprehensive approach to governance with an emphasis on addressing the structural factors that have been drivers of conflict. It identifies those governance reforms that aim to remedy the senses of injustice felt by Sri Lankans of all communities, and reforms that stand to have a relatively quick impact on the ground and, in so doing, can help to maintain public support for peacebuilding.
It encompasses support for the strengthening of state and independent institutions to fully embed a democratic culture that promotes equal and transparent access to services and opportunities. Whilst each institution will require a specific focus, broad issues to address include effectiveness, de-politicization, inclusion and accountability. With the security sector in particular, the focus of the PPP is on supporting the initial steps required to engage and transform the security sector in line with upholding the peace. Directly complementing the support to state institutions, the PPP also looks at engaging civil society organisations to strengthen community led mechanisms and voices to hold the state to account, whilst at the same time reaching out to the most vulnerable groups such as women and youth to engage them more inclusively in political processes.
The PBF identifies eight priorities in the area of Governance, with a first priority being to support the reforms made possible since the 2015 political transition. This includes strengthening the independent commissions reactivated through the 19th Amendment to the Constitution, in particular the National Human Rights Commission and National Police Commission, and providing technical support to the constitutional reform process. In line
Page 21 of 53 with the 13th amendment to the Constitution pertaining to devolution of political authority, and the effective functioning of Provincial Councils, the PPP will also include support for the effective functioning of Provincial Administrations. The initial focus will be on the most lagging Provinces, although there is scope to widen the assistance.
Noting that the Government’s commitments on increasing the inclusion of women in decision making have considerable potential in terms of confidence building, the PBF will also prioritise support for greater political participation of women at all levels. This is in line with the Peacebuilding Context Assessment which makes reference to the “critical need to increase the presence, status, and voice of women within governance […] in positions of decision making and implementation”, to promote inclusive governance. Support will also be provided for Sri Lanka to kick-start implementation of the recommendations linked to the participation of youth in reconciliation and accountability processes, in line with the new Security Council Resolution on youth, peace and security (SCR 2250).
Lastly with a view towards building confidence amongst vulnerable groups in the ability of the state to uphold and protect their rights, the PBF will provide support for equal access to justice. This will include a special focus on the north and the east, working for example to strengthen the capacity and outreach of the Legal Aid Commission. It will also necessitate close links with initiatives under transitional justice that look to support the redress of grievances, and initiatives in support of the Official Languages Policy, that aim for example to ensure key institutions in the justice sector, such as the police and courts can function in the local language in keeping with the requirements of the policy. The PBF will also support the initial steps of Government towards security sector reform, including a new counter terrorism legislation to replace the Prevention of Terrorism Act and engagement with the security forces on transitional justice.
Summary of Strategic Priorities and PBF Funding Priorities
Governance: Outcome: State institutions effectively, efficiently, equitably and transparently respond to the priorities of the population.
Indicator 1: Government Effectiveness Indicator (WB/Brookings) Baseline: 2015 = 0.00874 Estimate of governance (ranges from approximately -2.5 (weak) to 2.5 (strong) governance performance), Target: TBC
Indicator 2: % of people who believe that state institutions are treating people of all groups fairly, equitably and without discrimination Measure of equity. Same indicator as for SDG 16 and UNSDF Baseline: TBC, Target: TBC
Indicator 3: % of Population with a high and moderate level of confidence in institutions (courts, media, police, parliament). Baseline: High level of confidence: a) Courts = 46%, b) media = 32%, c) police = 23%, e) parliament = 13%, Moderate level of confidence: a) Courts = 36%, b) media = 48%, c) police = 46%, e) parliament = 36%, (2016 Perceptions survey). Target: TBC
Indicator 4: % contribution of women MPs in Parliament (noting Women MPs account for 5.8% of all MPs)
Baseline: 3.1% (8th Parliament, Sept 2015 - Dec 2016), Target: TBC
15
Strategic Priorities Strategic Outputs 16
Focus Area Focus
PBF Priority PBF agency UN Funds PBF Committed IRF through (US$m) Funds PBF 2016 Pledged (US$m)
1. Capacity support to Enhanced capacity of provincial X UNDP 0.6 0.5 Provincial Administrations (PA) administrations to plan, in lagging regions (North, East, coordinate, implement and UN Women
Uva and North-Central) monitor service delivery
2. Capacity support to all Improved service delivery and Provincial Administrations to management of resources in better plan, coordinate, Provincial Administrations
Devolution generate and manage revenue,
and deliver services in an Platforms for knowledge sharing Decentralisation and and Decentralisation
1. inclusive manner between Provincial Administrations on management and service delivery
15 Identified as a PBF funding priority, although not necessarily for 2016 16 Financial amounts per strategic priority are tentative estimates only Page 22 of 53
3. Support to the Human Core functions of the HRC X UNDP/OHCHR Rights Commission to promote strengthened, including and protect rights of systematic monitoring of and UN Women, vulnerable groups reporting on vulnerable groups UNICEF, i.e. in resettled areas UNHCR, UNFPA, UNV
4. Support to the National Measures taken by the Police X UNDP, OHCHR 0.5 Police Commission to support Commission to strengthen oversight function and police oversight function and improve UN Women, reforms to ensure safety and community policing, inclusiveness UNV, IOM security, including gender, (women and language), and language, ethnicity diversity protection of women and children
5. Support the establishment RTI Commission established and of the Right to Information Information Office established (RTI) Commission and promote
2. Independent Institutions 2. Independent awareness
6. Support to the Land Land Commission established and X UNDP Commission to initiate the policy formulated formulation of national land UNHabitat, policy UNHCR, OHCHR
7. Promote equal access to Measures taken to improve X UNDP justice for marginalised groups access to justice for marginalised groups (including women, people UN Women, detained without charge, former UNV ex-cadres recalled for further
rehabilitation etc.) in partnership access justice to 3. 3. Rule of andlaw with civil society) 8. Support to women's More women in leadership X UN Women 0.5 empowerment and positions and advancing issues of participation in peacebuilding, concern to women UNDP, DPA, including politics OHCHR
9. Addressing GBV through Mechanisms to reduce prevention and protection prevalence of GBV and offer in Peacebuilding in interventions in partnership better support to victims with civil society
10. Identify and support Mechanisms in place to enable X UNFPA/UNV 0.5 strategies and approaches for youth to engage and participate increased youth participation in reconciliation and
in peacebuilding activities accountability processes 4. Women and Youth Youth and 4. Women
11. Technical assistance for The constitutional reform X UNDP 0.2 key elements of the process is informed by best constitutional reform practices and national UN Women, processes in support a political consultations UNV settlement and lasting peace
12. Support Parliamentary Parliamentary oversight Reforms reforms for strengthening its mechanisms strengthened to oversight function and role in enhance accountability and
advancing reconciliation public trust 5. Constitutional5. and Legislative
13. Improving efficiency and Comprehensive measures taken effectiveness of government at to reform the public sector
the national and local levels
14. Sensitisation and training Programmes undertaken reforms
6. Public 6. Public programmes on reconciliation resulting in positive feedback for civil service officers as front from front-line officers Administration Administration line service providers participating
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15. Support to build the Innovative civil society X UNDP 0.2 capacity of civil society interventions piloted
7. 7. organisations to play an active
role in peacebuilding in Sri Strengthenin g Civil g Society Lanka 16. Dialogue with the military Initiatives taken to engage the X OHCHR 0.1 on transitional justice issues military on transitional justice DPA UNDP
17 Technical assistance for Revised legislation drafted and x CTED, CTITFT 0.2 drafting and implementation modalities for implementation in UNODC, of new counter terrorism place OHCHR
legislation to replace the
Prevention of Terrorism Act.
18. International Humanitarian IHL and human rights Training X OHCHR Law and human rights law programmes conducted and becomes core part of training institutionalised UNDP for police and military
19. Support to strengthen Screening mechanisms in line OHCHR 0.1 screening/vetting mechanism with international standards in
8. Security Sector Reform Sector 8. Security within the security forces, in place and used line with international best practices
20. Support dialogue with the Initiatives taken to engage the DPA security sector for longer term security sector on change reforms and change management management, including civilian oversight
0.6 2.7 Total PBF Commitments and Pledges (2016)
Outcome 4: Resettlement and durable solutions
Outcome Statement: The State prioritizes sustainable return, resettlement and/or local integration of conflict- displaced persons (IDPs, IDP returnees, and refugee returnees) in a safe and dignified manner to rebuild lives and communities.
Theory of Change: IF Government leads participatory, inclusive and rights-based partnerships and processes to achieve durable solutions THEN it will demonstrate its commitment to resolving long-standing grievances of the conflict-displaced population.
Strategy
The Human Rights Council Resolution called upon the International Community, including the United Nations, to support the Government in its efforts in delivering durable solutions for IDPs. In line with this, the PPP combines providing quick win, immediate impact initiatives that address the critical socio-economic needs of newly resettling communities with technical support to the Government to put in place policies and systems that will continue to facilitate the return and reintegration of all forms of returnees. Noting that access to land remains a critical barrier to the achievement of durable solutions, the PPP also includes provisions for completion of mine clearance and technical support for redress of land related issues.
For the PBF, three strategic priorities are identified that are seen as vital confidence building interventions and also critical enablers for durable solutions. The first is technical support to the Government to operationalise the new National Policy on Durable Solutions for Conflict Affected Displacement. The policy articulates the Government’s commitment to re-build the lives of the conflict-affected families using a rights-based approach, and provides direction for all relevant stakeholders to work collectively and coherently in support of resettlement processes. The second priority is in support of access to land, and includes highly focused and targeted support for surveying that has the potential to catalyse the resolution of up to approximately 40,000 cases over a three- year period. It also includes provision of legal aid to assist the most vulnerable families, especially those headed by women, to resolve often complex legal and documentation issues.
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The third focus for the PBF is livelihoods. Without livelihood options many families find themselves in a highly precarious situation in the newly released areas, or are forced to postpone their return, and thus further delay getting their lives back on track and realising the dividends of peace. The importance of livelihoods was reiterated repeatedly during the PPP consultation process, with one civil society representative explaining livelihoods as the most important factor due to its potential to empower communities to be in a position to address the many other issues they face and in so doing relieving dependency and restoring dignity. With that in mind, the PBF will adopt a two pronged strategy. It will include support for quick win livelihood opportunities to be immediately available for vulnerable resettling families, whilst also providing longer term initiatives that secure resilient livelihoods. While the early support may take the form of ‘cash for training’ or ‘cash or food for work programmes’ to rebuild livelihood-related infrastructure, small-scale agricultural production and home gardens for example, longer term assistance may be conducted in partnership with the private sector, building on rigorous analysis of market opportunities and value chains and incorporating rehabilitation of economic assets.
Gender considerations in this Pillar will be addressed through a number of means. First, for example, noting the Gender Country Assessment’s concerns about how the mass categorization of people who suffered in the main theatre of conflict can mask the unique problems faced by different categories of women who have been both directly and indirectly affected by the conflict, the PPP will support interventions that are delivered in close partnership with local government partners and community organisations that can assist with effective needs identification and tailoring of support. Secondly, with many conflict-affected men and women having suffered from post-conflict trauma and grief, the socio-economic support delivered under the pillar will be closely linked with the psycho-social support services under pillar 1, where for example psycho-social support interventions, particularly targeting vulnerable women, could precede – or be combined with – livelihood related interventions.
Summary of Strategic Priorities and PBF Funding Priorities
Resettlement & Durable Solutions Outcome: The State prioritizes sustainable return, resettlement and/or local integration of conflict-displaced persons (IDPs, IDP returnees, and refugee returnees) in a safe and dignified manner to rebuild lives and communities.
Indicator 1: % of returnees with access to affordable quality basic services (education, health, water/sanitation, public transportation, protection); Baseline: TBC, Target: TBC
Indicator 2: % of resettled families that report having improved living standards Baseline: TBC, Target: TBC
Indicator 3: % of returnees that are satisfied with their return (within six months, one year, two years) Baseline: TBC, Target: TBC
Indicator 4: % of returnee FHH that report feeling safe Baseline: TBC, Target: TBC
Indicator 5: # of IDPs
Baseline: 43,607 (Ministry of Resettlement March 2017 (Aug 2016 data), Target: TBC
Strategic Priorities Strategic Output(s)
17
18
(US$m)
(US$m)
PBF Funds Funds PBF Funds PBF
UN partner UN
Committed Committed
through IRF through
Focus Area Focus
PBF Priority PBF Pledged 2016 2016 Pledged
1. Technical and capacity support to Government has capacity to x UNDP 0.2 Government at national and local level oversee and implement the to operationalise the National Policy on national policy on durable UNHCR, Durable Solutions for all conflict solutions and to collect WFP, ILO, affected persons, and targeting of the information for targeted IOM, UN most vulnerable groups including FHH assistance (i.e to FHH) Women
Systems and procedures to facilitate the return and 1. Analytical and Policy and Analytical 1. reintegration of returnees
17 Identified as a PBF funding priority, although not necessarily for 2016 18 Financial amounts per strategic priority are tentative estimates only Page 25 of 53
2. Technical support to Government to Systems and procedures in x UNHABITAT put in place systems and procedures at place to address land issues, national and local level to facilitate or guarantee access for FAO, IOM, address land related issues women, and to address land UNHCR,
related needs of all UNDP, UN categories of returnees Women 3. De-mining Mine areas declared safe
4. Support for shelter, permanent Shelter, housing and Infrastructure housing and community infrastructure community infrastructure for resettled communities provided to resettled
communities 2. Land, Housing and Community Community and Housing Land, 2.
5. Support to meet the critical needs of Basic services provided in X UNICEF 1.5 resettled communities building on resettlement areas lessons from UN's support to 2015/16 WHO, resettlements through initiatives that UNHABITAT address basic service needs (health, WFP nutrition, education, WASH, mine risk education)
6. Support to meet the critical and Livelihood initiatives in x ILO Economic Upliftment - resilient livelihood and employment resettled areas needs of newly resettled communities UN Women,
3. Socio3. through quick win initiatives and longer IOM, FAO, term initiatives in support of UNDP, WFP, sustainable economic empowerment. UNHABITAT Total PBF Commitments and Pledges (2016) 1.5 0.2
2.4 United Nations capacity and capability
The United Nations in Sri Lanka (UN Country Team or UNCT), headed by the Resident Coordinator Office (RCO), comprises of 16 resident agencies (with OHCHR providing advisory support to RCO) and 6 non-resident agencies: FAO, ILO, IOM, UNAIDS, UNDP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHABITAT, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNIDO, UNOPS, UNV, UN Women, WFP and WHO. Although not a formal ‘Delivering as One’ country, the UNCT is highly collaborative, working closely on joint programmes, technical assistance and policy advocacy under a common UNDAF. The current UNDAF is for the period 2013-2017, and has recently been updated to reflect the changes in the context following the political transition and the adoption of the SDGs. The annual UNCT programming budgets in 2015 and 2016 were US$66 million and US$71million respectively. The UN agencies enjoy particular comparative advantages in the pursuit of supporting the Government of Sri Lanka in achieving its national development and now peacebuilding priorities, drawing on their values, successful global knowledge base, best practices and lessons learnt; their strong normative mandate and track record in Sri Lanka; their neutrality; and their ability to encourage efficient coordination among donors.
The UNCT has an important role to play in helping the Government to formulate and implement the PPP. The following traits define the system-wide organisational capacity and capability to support the Government to implement its broader peacebuilding and development agenda:
Strong Partnership: Over the decades the UN has established a strong partnership with the Government of Sri Lanka at the national and sub-national level. Pre-existing relationships in key development sectors and credible programmatic experience give the UN greater legitimacy and standing for policy dialogue that is essential for new programming challenges in support of the Government’s peacebuilding agenda. At the national level, UN agencies enjoy a strong relationship with high levels of Government agencies that are key implementing partners for UN projects. The UN remains a trusted partner in policy development, and in human and institutional capacity development. In addition, the UN has also built strong partnerships with non-governmental institutions, particularly with community based and civil society organizations which can be leveraged for continuing programme interventions, or taking new programming initiatives forward, e.g. national consultations on accountability/transitional justice and reconciliation.
Strong Field Presence, Linking Policies to Programme and Practices: The credibility of the UN has also been established by the field presence that some of the UN agencies have within Sri Lanka, enabling the UN to share
Page 26 of 53 lessons from the field with the Government for further scaling up. Additionally, the UN has close relationships with local communities, and plays an important role in helping to feed community needs into the policy loop.
Experience Exchange and Best Practices Including South-South Collaboration: The UN is well placed to leverage global and regional expertise from all around the world including sourcing international expertise while exposing the domestic public sector and local institutions to new thinking. The UN has potential to help Sri Lanka share own experiences and also learn from other countries. In particular, the UN’s ability to tap into international knowledge and lessons to provide high level technical assistance and advice will be crucial as the country implements comprehensive and highly complex programme associated with sustaining peace and no-recurrence.
Convening Role: The UN has useful convening role in Sri Lanka based on its close partnership with the Government as well as the many years of support extended to other stakeholders in Sri Lanka. In particular this will be important capability that will be essential for the comprehensive PPP implementation process. In this regard, the UN’s profile and reputation as a neutral partner, as well as the overlapping remits of various organisations enable it to bring different agencies – national and international – together for the purposes of advancing the process of building trust and confidence in the renewed peacebuilding and reconciliation process in the country.
Coordinated Approach: The objectives laid out under the comprehensive PPP are wide ranging, with each requiring a holistic response that cuts across sectors and individual agency mandates. The advantage of the UN system in this regard, is that it can make a significant difference through bringing the various agencies together in a coordinated manner, resulting in a comprehensive package of support, synergies and effective and efficient targeting of resources. Response to the various priorities identified under the PPP will benefit from such a coordinated approach.
2.5 Funding Framework
The funding needs to implement the comprehensive PPP over the three-year period from 2016 to 2019 are estimated at US$79.4 million. However, it is important to note that this estimate does not include the costs associated with operationalisation of the proposed transitional justice mechanisms19. Once the details of these mechanisms are known, the budget will be revised accordingly.
The UN Peacebuilding Fund has already contributed US$5.3million through its Immediate Response Facility and has pledged to provide an additional allocation in 2016 of US$7.0 million from its Peacebuilding and Recovery Facility. This leaves a funding gap of US$67.2million, to be met through government, UN and development partner contributions. Through initial discussions with development partners, the UN has mobilised US$2.5million with another US$10million in the pipeline.
The financial summary tables are presented below.
Table 1. Estimated funding needs, PBF pledges and gaps by outcome area
PBF PBF Funding Commitments 2016 US$ million Needs as per IRF Pledge Gap Transitional Justice 15.8 2.7 2.3 10.9 Reconciliation 13.0 0.6 1.8 10.5 Good Governance 32.9 0.6 2.7 29.6 Resettlement and Durable Solutions 17.8 1.5 0.2 16.1 Total 79.4 5.3 7.0 67.2
The cost for the work of the PBF Secretariat is estimated at US$550,000 per annum which will cover salaries, monitoring and evaluation, and workshop and training costs. This is incorporated into the costs under Transitional
19 i.e. the office on missing persons, the truth commission, the reparations office and the accountability mechanism. Page 27 of 53
Justice in the table above. Further financial details are included in the Results and Resources Framework in the Annex.
SECTION 3: Priority Plan Management and Coordination
3.1 Institutional management and coordination arrangements In accordance with the mandates received from the public at the Presidential and Parliamentary Elections held in January and August 2015 respectively, the Government of Sri Lanka has committed to establish mechanisms for truth-seeking, justice, and reparations to consolidate peace, reconciliation and guarantee non-recurrence.
Government institutions
The institutional mechanism that oversees the consultations and other reconciliation and transitional justice initiatives is the Prime Ministerial Action Group (PMAG) chaired by the Prime Minister and in charge of politically guiding the process of reconciliation and accountability. The PMAG includes representation of key Ministers. Under the PMAG is the Steering Committee (that sits at Ministerial Secretary level) and is chaired by the Foreign Minister. The purpose of the Steering Committee is to develop a coordinated plan for the mechanisms envisaged for truth-seeking, justice and reparations. The Steering Committee is supported by the Secretariat for Coordinating the Reconciliation Mechanisms (SCRM), to coordinate the implementation of Sri Lanka’s commitments and the decisions of the PMAG. SCRM operates under the Prime Minister’s Office and is responsible for ensuring a coordinated and coherent Government strategy to progress peacebuilding, and is therefore a key counterpart in taking forward all elements of PPP. In particular, the Secretariat is expected to play a key role in bringing together the multiple institutions with which the UN will partner with under the PBF such as the President’s Office, Prime Minister’s Office, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of National Dialogue, Co-existence and Official Languages, Ministry of National Integration and Reconciliation, Ministry of Prison Reforms, Rehabilitation, Resettlement & Hindu Religious Affairs, Ministry of Women and Child Affairs and Office of National Unity and Reconciliation. The work in relation to reconciliation and non- recurrence will be carried out by these aforementioned institutions and will be coordinated by the Steering Committee on Implementation, where the SCRM will facilitate the work of this Steering Committee. These institutions and the Steering Committee on Implementation have an important role to play in the reconciliation process, yet require further support in terms of coordination.
In addition, and in order to specifically implement the national consultations, the Government has appointed an 11 member’s Consultation Task Force whose members are prominent human rights activists from civil society and academics. The Task Force is supported by two advisory panels (an Expert Advisory Panel and a Representative Advisory Panel, also composed of civil society members) with plans on the way for a third Panel representing Victims. The Task Force is gender balanced (6 women and 5 men) and its members come from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. The members of the Taskforce and advisory panels bring a good composition and ensure inclusiveness. The Consultation Task Force is expected to consult the public and present the views of the public to Government on mechanisms proposed by the Government for truth seeking, justice, reparations and non-recurrence and any other mechanisms that would facilitate reconciliation.
Donor coordination arrangements
The Development Partners in Sri Lanka have for many years supported a multi-sectoral aid coordination architecture. Within this architecture there are two plenary groups, the Bilateral Donor Group and the Development Partners Forum, and then underneath these are a number of sectoral working groups. The sectors currently covered by the working groups include reconciliation, private sector, vocational training, water and sanitation, public financial management and health and nutrition. Typically, the groups bring together development partners and the UN.
Peacebuilding Board
In January 2016 the Government of Sri Lanka and the United Nations established the Peacebuilding Fund Board to guide and steer the UN’s support to peacebuilding efforts in Sri Lanka. The Board is co-chaired by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Minister of Foreign Affairs/Secretary or representative) and the UN Resident Coordinator. Other members include representatives from the Government (including the Attorney General, representatives from line ministries and specialised institutions such as the Secretariat for Coordinating Reconciliation Mechanisms and the Office of National Unity and Reconciliation), the United Nations, and one representative
Page 28 of 53 from amongst each of the Development Partners and INGO communities, and 3 national civil society representatives.
With the Peacebuilding Priority Plan being developed as a common framework through which multiple development partners can align their support, in additional to the Peacebuilding Fund, the Peacebuilding Fund Board is being renamed as the Peacebuilding Board. The Board is primarily for the purpose of consultation and consensus building, and will meet approximately quarterly. The Board will delegate decision-making to a smaller Executive Board including the Minister of Foreign Affairs, UN Resident Coordinator, a representative from the development partners and a representative from civil society. The Terms of Reference for each are in the box below.
Terms of Reference
The Peacebuilding Board will be responsible for the following:
(a) Overseeing the peacebuilding programme and its process; (b) Guiding the process of developing the peacebuilding priority plan including the identification of peacebuilding priorities; (c) Ensuring that the peacebuilding priority plan appropriately addresses gender issues and women’s participation in a cross-cutting manner; and ensuring that at least 15% of funding under the PPP is directed towards gender issues; (d) Identifying funding needs and priorities to support reconciliation and accountability; (e) Reviewing projects and programmes and providing recommendations to the Executive Board; (f) Ensuring coordination of peacebuilding activities including government, donors, UN and civil society led programming efforts to avoid the emergence of gaps and duplication in funding, as well as ensuring that support through the PRF complements support extended by other existing funding mechanisms; (g) Ensuring coherence between the various peacebuilding efforts led by stakeholders; and (h) Approve the annual strategic review of the status of the PPP, including project results and performance to achieve the strategic outcomes. It is proposed that the Peacebuilding Board meet every quarter in Colombo
The Executive Board meanwhile will be responsible for:
(a) Approving the peacebuilding priority plan; (b) Reviewing and approving the projects that are developed based on the priorities identified in the peacebuilding priority plan, whilst ensuring that at least 15% of funding is directed towards projects that address gender issues in line with the priorities in the PPP; (c) Recommending improvements to project design and/or implementation to make them more effective and efficient in supporting the peace process; (d) Briefing development partners on the peacebuilding initiatives; and (e) Reviewing and defining the Fund’s requirements and priorities in consultation with the PB Board. The Executive Board will meet regularly in Colombo. Funding decisions will be made in close consultation with the Peacebuilding Board.
3.2 PPP implementation processes and procedures
The Peacebuilding Board will be responsible for reviewing the final PPP, and the Executive Board will approve it for submission to PBSO for PBF funding consideration. The Co-chairs of the Board will jointly sign the PPP document. In line with PBF Guidelines, following PBSO approval of the PPP and allocation of the funding envelope, the delegation of authority for overseeing the PPP implementation will be handed to the Peacebuilding Board and its Executive Board.
With the support of the PBF Secretariat, the Peacebuilding Board and Executive Board will then oversee the following steps to operationalise the PPP:
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1. Call for project or joint programme proposals based on priority activities identified in the final PPP document; 2. Project and programme concept notes developed and presented to the Peacebuilding Board; 3. Peacebuilding Board reviews concept notes and makes recommendations to the Executive Board; 4. Executive Board approves concept notes; and 5. Full project and programme proposals developed in line with PBF guidance.
Additional details with regard to PPP operationalisation with PBF Funding can be found on the PBF Application Guidelines and Procedures section on the PBF website: (http://www.unpbf.org/application-guidelines/6-the- peacebuilding-and-recovery-facility-prf/)
Technical Working Groups
Once the PPP is endorsed, technical working groups, each with a gender expert, are likely to be established to take forward areas of the PPP where there are multiple partners engaged through promoting coordination and coherence across of the projects in each of the four outcome areas. These will be co-chaired by Government and the UN, and will bring together key stakeholders working in the sector from across the Government, UN, Civil Society and development partners. In all technical working groups, emphasis will be given to ensuring gender balance both in terms of leadership (i.e. the Chairs) and participants. The work of technical working groups may be complemented by regional mechanisms to support PPP related work at the local level which could be chaired by the Chief Secretary of the Province, bringing together government, civil society and UN stakeholders.
With a view towards promoting efficient and effective programming, UN agencies will be encouraged to adopt modalities that promote the Delivering as One agenda. As such, the Peacebuilding Secretariat will provide technical support, in liaison with UN-Development Operations Coordination Office (DOCO), for the design of joint programmes and joint programming approaches.
Peacebuilding Secretariat
Once the Peacebuilding Priority Plan has been approved for funding by PBSO and projects have been selected and initiated, the Peacebuilding Secretariat will provide support for the following functions amongst others: Monitoring and evaluation20, intellectual leadership to ensure the peacebuilding projects and programmes are strategic, reporting, providing oversight to projects, promoting partnerships with other development partners to magnify peacebuilding outcomes, strengthening capacities of national counterparts, civil society partners and UN staff to ensure that the PPP will be achieved during the project implementation phase, and providing secretariat support to the Peacebuilding Board, Executive Board and Technical Working Groups. The Secretariat will also work with the UN Field Coordination colleagues to support regional review boards in support of the PPP.
The Peacebuilding Secretariat is based within the UN Resident Coordinator’s Office. The Secretariat will consist of three full-time staff and will come under the overall guidance of the Reconciliation and Development Advisor, and will also draw upon the support of the other colleagues within the RCO including the Field Coordinators based in the Northern Province and Eastern Province. The PBF Secretariat will also seek dedicated gender and youth expertise from UN Women, UNFPA and UNV. Additionally, the Secretariat will call upon the support of UNV and their V-Force of youth volunteers to support the logistical arrangements for the numerous consultation processes and workshops as well as for leveraging volunteer networks for community engagement in various peace building activities within the PPP.
3.3 Monitoring and Evaluation
The PPP will be monitored in accordance with the Results Framework (Annex). The PBF Board will be responsible for monitoring and ensuring that reporting of the Results Framework is timely done by the implementing organizations and agencies. The Board will also have oversight on the budget allocations made to implementing partners who will be called to report and account for them.
The Government is considered to also have a key role to play in tracking progress on implementation of its reconciliation and accountability/transitional justice agenda. In this regard, SCRM, which is also represented on the PBF Board, will play this role. The PPP Results Framework will be used to monitor and evaluate the priority
20 M&E cost to measure results at the outcome level are included in the Secretariat’s budget. Page 30 of 53 plan outcomes through regular feedback, learning and adaptation processes. The PBF Board will, over the course of PPP rollout and implementation of the portfolio of projects, be called to review and fine-tune as necessary, project activities and expected outputs.
The plan performance indicators outlined in the PPP Result Framework (Annex) form the backbone of the proposed monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system. These are drawn from commitments made by the Government on its reconciliation and accountability agenda. The indicators may be further fine-tuned and baselines identified on the basis of research/surveys to be completed after the official start of the PBF funding. The recipient UN organizations implementing PPP projects will report twice a year, through the semi-annual and annual reporting formats. They will also submit end of project reports. The Peacebuilding Secretariat will prepare a consolidated annual report drawing on the information from the project reports and including an annual review of indicators. The consolidated report will be presented to the PBF Board and shared with PBSO.
To enable proper rollout, a concise M&E Plan will be developed to measure achievements at inter-related levels – priority plan outcomes and project outputs – and to build a stronger and clearer linkage among those results at inter-related levels. It will serve as an effective tool to report results at outcome level and to identify required data collection activities for informed decision-making and tracking of progress at the PBF Board. While utilizing the existing data available from official statistics and line ministries as well as surveys and research recently conducted by the UN and other partners, baseline and end-line surveys will be carried out to provide solid and reliable evidence on the attribution of catalytic impact that the PRF intervention will have brought to projects, using mixed research methodologies. Additional and/or proxy indicators will be identified when necessary.
In addition, the PPP monitoring and evaluation framework will benefit from a national perceptions survey on peacebuilding to be conducted by the UN using social science research to generate evidence based information relevant to policy and programming. This data will contribute to baseline data for the PPP whilst also helping to guide the geographical targeting of activities. The results of the survey will be weighted by district population, urban-rural and gender, will be reviewed by the Peacebuilding Board and used by the PPP partners to inform programming and policy. The research firm will work in close coordination with the PBF Secretariat to ensure relevance to the reconciliation and accountability agenda.
The PB Board will conduct a strategic joint review on an annual basis. The PBF Secretariat will also work with the respective partners to commission reviews and evaluations of the PPP and its accompanying projects and programmes. Furthermore, joint monitoring trips will be organized on a regular basis with PBF Board, UN agencies, civil society and other stakeholders. The PB Secretariat and the Resident Coordinator’s Office are responsible for quality assurance of the semi-annual, annual and end of project narrative reports submitted by UN agencies with a strong focus on results. All projects contributing to plan objectives and goals will be asked to gather gender- and age- disaggregated data where relevant, and incorporates the same in the projects reporting.
In line with Guidelines from the PBF’s Peacebuilding and Recovery Facility the Sri Lanka PPP will be subjected to evaluations. Firstly, an evaluability exercise is scheduled and budgeted for between 12-18 months after the official start of the PBF funding. Secondly, an end of plan evaluation will take place during the final three months. This evaluation will incorporate a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches, with an emphasis on evidence-based findings and lessons learned, including but not limited to actual progress against key outcomes, perception-based changes within communities and key vulnerable groups, and secondary and/or unintended outcomes.
3.4 Risk analysis
The main risks involved in the implementation of the PPP programmes, proposed mitigation measures where applicable, and corresponding assumptions can be summarised in Table 3:
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Table 3 – Risk management matrix
Likelihood of Severity of risk Risks to the achievement of PPP occurrence Mitigating Strategy (and Person/Unit impact (high, outcomes (high, medium, responsible) medium, low) low)
There is a lack of momentum with regard Low High Continuous high level dialogue between the UN to peacebuilding and growing policy and key political leaders to re-affirm uncertainty with the National Unity commitments towards peacebuilding Government.
Potential backlash from Government Low Medium The UN will continue to adopt a measured being seen as having their peacebuilding approach to all engagement, with a lower strategy influenced and/or driven by profile ensured for any partnership in the more western powers politically sensitive areas.
Peacebuilding Fund Board unable to Low High Continuous joint engagement on all elements of reach consensus on which projects to the planning process, and wide and open support dialogue with a broad array of stakeholders to build a shared understanding of challenges and priorities
Projects encounter bottlenecks Low Medium Careful review of projects by the Executive impacting on their ability to deliver Board and Peacebuilding Board prior to quick and high impact results approval to ensure that entry points are identified and commitment is secured from all stakeholders.
Regular meetings by the Peacebuilding Secretariat with the UN implementing agencies and project site visits to review progress and ensure early attention, where necessary through the support of the Peacebuilding Board, to bottlenecks
Reconciliation process is perceived as Low High The Government, at the highest level, has given non-inclusive and representative. its commitment towards a comprehensive reconciliation process, and the UN is working closely with Government, political and civil society partners at all levels to promote and support consultation and inclusiveness.
Expectations of Sri Lankans with regard Medium Medium The UN will support the Government to invest to the national reconciliation process not in developing and implementing a fully met communication strategy and plan, that is informed by a perceptions survey and designed to manage expectations
Potential for confusion between the High Medium Promote, through advocacy and technical work of the different institutions in support, clear roles and responsibilities for the Government with a mandate for respective arms of Government, and a peacebuilding and implementation of the comprehensive strategy with regard to Human Rights Council Resolution peacebuilding interventions.
Delays in release of further land for The Good Offices of the UN will continue to resettlement engage with the President’s / Prime Minister’s Medium Medium Office to advocate for fast release of land in line with commitments that have been made
Despite land being made available and The UN will advocate with the Government for resettlement support being offered, IDPs the full operationalisation of the Policy on delay return to original land until basic Low Medium Durable Solutions for all forms of Returnees to infrastructure such as roads, electricity ensure speedy delivery of basic infrastructure and schools is in place and services, and will support the authorities to
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Table 3 – Risk management matrix
Likelihood of Severity of risk Risks to the achievement of PPP occurrence Mitigating Strategy (and Person/Unit impact (high, outcomes (high, medium, responsible) medium, low) low)
communicate clearly with affected IDP families.
Incidents with UXOs and mines deter The UN will support comprehensive Mine Risk families from resettling rapidly and Education covering all returnees, including reduce confidence in the overall process children. Medium Medium The UN will coordinate closely with the Government to ensure rapid clearance of UXOs
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Annex:
Results Framework
Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
Transitional Justice 1 Support to bolster the High-level technical Indicator: Government Transitional x OHCHR/DP PBF IRF, 2.1 0.9 0.4 1.2 Government's strategic expertise provided Justice strategy in place and A/RCO UK Outcome: capacity (work of Special to the Government models developed Rapporteur, Strategic on transitional Government leads a Consultancy Group, justice and Baseline: no Transitional Justice credible, victim-centric Institutional transitional justice strategy or models in place; process of Strengthening) to strategy in place accountability, truth- develop a transitional and implemented Target: Transitional Justice seeking, reparations justice strategy which is Strategy that is informed by for past violations and victim centric national consultations and best guarantees of non- practices, is victim centric and recurrence in line with responds to the needs of women international approved by Government 12/16; standards and 3 models (truth; reparations; obligations. accountability) developed by SCRM
Capacity 1. that include recommendations Indicator 1: % of consistent with international best people that feel the practices by 12/17 GoSL is doing a very 2 Support for national A comprehensive Indicator: Report on transitional x OHCHR PBF IRF 1.7 1.0 0.7 good or somewhat consultations on report on national justice consultations available good job to redress transitional justice consultations on past grievances. transitional justice Baseline: no consultation done; available Baseline: The Indicator: Comprehensive report Government has on national consultations on advanced on transitional justice prepared by constitutional reforms 12/16; report in public domain for and showcased some discussion by 01/17
21 Financial amounts per strategic priority are tentative estimates only
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
positive developments 1 Support to the Truth Commission Indicator: Truth Commission X OHCHR n/a* 0.2 n/a on the broader human establishment and established and operational rights agenda. The operationalisation of the operationalised UN
fulfilment of Truth Commission drawing on national Baseline: no Truth Commission in Women transitional justice consultations and place commitments has, best practices however, been Target: Truth Commission worryingly slow, and operational with independently
the structures set up appointed Commissioners, public 2. Truth Telling Truth 2. and measures taken information programmes and during the period cases being heard (date to be under review were confirmed once transitional justice inadequate to ensure strategy approved) real progress (High 1 Support to the Office of Mission Indicator: Office of Missing ICRC n/a* Commissioners Report establishment and Persons established Persons (OMP) operational
to HRC 2017) operationalisation of the and operationalised Baseline: OMP Bill passed in
Target: TBC Office of Missing drawing on best Parliament in August 2016 Persons and design of practices and Target: OMP established as
Indicator 2: Relevant Persons relevant legislation national permanent office to trace and state institutions (note consultations investigate disappearances by specific institutions) of Missing Office 3. 06/17 effectively promote, protect and respect 1 Ensure effective witness Victim and Witness Indicators: Extent that witness and x UNDP, 2.1 0.1 2.0 human rights and victim protection, protection victim protection mechanisms are OHCHR a. # of cases of including review of measures and fit for purpose for transitional arbitrary arrest current legislation and legislation in place justice reported to the Human necessary updates to support Baseline: victim and witness Rights Commission of transitional justice protection authority established Sri Lanka; mechanisms (2016) and witness and victim b. # of torture protection law passes (2015) complaints received by Target: Review of the Human Rights operationalisation of existing Commission of Sri Reparations 4. witness and victim protection Lanka legislation and recommendations made in terms of its suitability for Baseline: transitional justice (12/16); If a = 438 (HRC 2016), necessary, establishment of transitional justice specific
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
b = 407 (HRC 2015); protection measures (in line with Target: TBC findings from review (6/17))
Indicator 3: % of people that feel the GoSL is doing a very good or somewhat 2 Immediate support for good job to redress healing and victim past grievances. support initiatives with prioritisation of women, Baselines: TBC Target children and persons TBC with conflict related disabilities Indicator 4: % of redress measures provided to women within TJ mechanisms. i) Community healing Programmes Indicator: % of community X OHCHR, UN 1.6 0.4 1.2 and victim assistance providing assistance members that feel community Women, Baselines: N/A; Target to victims based mechanisms are helping UNDP, IOM TBC their community to deal with the past Baseline: n/a Target: To be confirmed in project design Indicator: % of victims that feel community based mechanisms are helping them to deal with the past Baseline: n/a Target: To be confirmed in project design ii) Psycho-social support Psycho-social Indicator: Number of people x WHO PBF IRF, 3.7 0.1 0.4 3.0 for north and east extension services accessing psycho-social services in US provided in the north and the east UN resettlement areas Baseline: To be confirmed during Women, project development UNFPA Target: To be confirmed iii) Civil society network Civil society Indicator 1: Extent of x OHCHR, 0.7 0.2 0.5 to support consultations network active to interconnectivity of civil society UNDP, UN and Transitional justice the grassroots level Women
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
to share and organisations and information disseminate sharing information on Baseline: The transitional justice transitional justice Consultations Taskforce established network of zonal civil society taskforces and grass roots organisations to facilitate information sharing Target: Number of % (do be confirmed during project development) of grass roots organisations currently involved in the transitional justice consultations keep engaging in transitional justice (12/17) Indicator 2: % of people that understand transitional justice very well or somewhat well
Baseline: To be confirmed in 2016 perceptions survey
Target: TBC
iv) Disability Community level To be confirmed during project 1.5 1.5 support to persons development that have suffered from conflict related disabilities.
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
3 Establish and Reparations Indicator: Preparatory steps taken n/a* operationalise a formal programme towards the establishment of a Reparations Programme established drawing national reparations programme that is well understood on best practices Baseline: No formal and accessible by the and national comprehensive reparations people (including consultations, and scheme in place memorialisation) including Target: Reparations strategy memorialisation approved including memorialisation, restitution, and other forms of compensation (12/17), legislation drafted (date to be confirmed pending transitional justice strategy) 1 Support to Accountability Indicator: Steps taken towards Japan, n/a* accountability mechanisms operationalisation of UK mechanism for dealing established and accountability mechanisms with conflict related operationalised Baseline: Perceived high level of (Koica - violations, including drawing on national impunity for gross violations of Forensic
advance preparations consultations and human rights with no specialised s)
(i.e. a) investigation best practices jurisdiction for systemic crimes skills; b) forensics skills; Target: Based on transitional c) prosecutorial skills justice strategy and approved and d) mapping of cases model for accountability mechanism, legislation drafted (date to be confirmed) Concurrent steps: Training provided to national counterparts on specialised skills related to
investigation and prosecution of 5. Accountability Mechanisms Accountability 5. complex crimes (i.e. forensics, data analysis, evidence handling, investigations) 06/17; Mapping of cases undertaken (process to be confirmed in line with transitional justice strategy)
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
- 1 Support for outcomes of Lessons drawn out Indicator: Lessons from transitional 0.1 0.1 national consultations from Transitional justice Consultations shared with and lessons on Justice Parliament and Policy Making transitional justice and Consultations to institutions conflict prevention inform future Baseline: transitional justice
measures to inform reviews and Consultations underway
future legislative changes to Target: Report from transitional
reviews and reforms legislation justice Consultations publicly Recurrence (noting that that (noting Recurrence
- available, including being shared Non
recurrence) with Constitutional Drafting
Committee 04/17
the outcome areas below contribute to non to contribute below areas outcome the 6. Prevention and and Prevention 6. Reconciliation 1 Support to developing National policy on Indicator: National policy on 0.2 0.2 0.0 the national policy on reconciliation reconciliation in place x UNDP PBF/IRF, Outcome: reconciliation aimed at informed by best Baseline: no national reconciliation EU strengthening people to practices and policy; DPA Positive relationships people relationships. national Target: draft national
and mutual - drawing on consultations reconciliation policy developed understanding experiences and lessons laying the framework through between and among learned from Sri Lanka which the Government would different groups and other countries further the process of contribute to peaceful reconciliation in the country by co-existence and a 12/16 and national consultations sense of belonging in provincial consultations (all 9 Sri Lanka. provinces) with Government, civil
Policy and Analytical 1. society, private sector and Indicator 1: % of communities initiated by 3/17 people that strongly or somewhat agree that Sri Lanka is making
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621 progress on 2 Technical support to the Mechanism to Indicator: SCRM fully functional in X UNDP, PBF IRF 1.9 0.1 0.5 1.3 reconciliation. Secretariat for foster inter- terms of mandate for coordination, OHCHR and Coordinating governmental communications and M&E of RCO Baseline 43% (2014 Reconciliation coherence on peacebuilding interventions Strategic Context Mechanisms (SCRM) to reconciliation in Baseline: SG appointed; no SCRM UN Assessment) ensure coherent place organisational structure; no Women, Target: increase facilitation and communications strategy; limited UNICEF, coordinated Communications institutional coherence on UNV Indicator 2: Incidence implementation of Strategy in Place reconciliation in govt; of negative coping reconciliation initiatives Target: SCRM functioning with core behaviours (deliberate including a review of System established budget & appointed staff by 12/17; self-harm, crime, institutional structures to track and Perception survey to track impact substance abuse) and functions monitor impact of of reconciliation and transitional reduced. reconciliation justice efforts completed 12/16; - Communications initiatives in real- Communications strategy Baseline: Strategy (including time (drawing on developed drawing on survey - Deliberate Self- media outreach) new technologies findings and at least quarterly Harm rate – 75,931 - M&E etc.) media briefings by 06/17 (2014) - Policy Research - Suicide Rate – 3058 (2015) - Child Abuse complaints/year - 2 Support to relevant Priority institutions Indicator: Number of institutions Canada/ 1.4 1.4 10,732 (2015) national institutions to providing services in supported to provide services in all PBF - - # people with implement the Official all languages in line languages in line with policy through disorders related to Languages Policy with the Policy Baseline: 0 priority institutions support alcohol use/ year - (cutting across all four identified for police 108,882 (2015) pillars) Target: Number (to be confirmed) and A2J Target: TBC of new priority institutions
supported each year to deliver Indicator 3: Degree of services in line with Official State action in support Languages Policy
of reconciliation and - 1 Strengthen the role of Socio-economic Indicator: # of socio-economic 0.6 0.6
equitable socio- the state in creating reforms in support reforms in support of economic policies conducive socio- of reconciliation reconciliation undertaken
economic policy Baseline: 0 reforms undertaken
# of HRC Resolution Peace 3. economic environment that also Target: To be confirmed in 30/1 commitments
Dividends/ socio Dividends/ promotes reconciliation consultation with the PBF Board
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621 implemented including i) promotion of once details of proposed (including areas of rule north-south interventions are known of law, security, power connections; ii) social sharing and safety nets such as international poverty relief, engagement - but provisions to ensure excluding TJ) as that is food security, support captured under for elderly; iii) regulation Outcome 1, Indicator 1 of the micro-finance sector; iv) support to Baseline: Of 27 (non-TJ empower FHH; v) drug related) HRC and alcohol prevention Resolution programmes; and vi) commitments, 4 are programmes to increase completed, Verite economic opportunities Research) for youth etc.) Target: TBC 2 Livelihoods: Bring Economic activities Indicator: # of beneficiaries 2.5 2.5 different communities where people from supported through PPP to engage Indicator 4: % of together through different in livelihood activities with people that feel that livelihood initiatives communities are members of a different community people from other (i.e. economic incentives participating (i.e. ethnically different or ethno-religious to come together, geographically different) communities are connecting women, Baseline: 0 trustworthy. value chain links, north- Target: To be confirmed during south partnerships, project development Baseline: 21% combine economic strongly, 42% interventions across somewhat agree country to build links (2016 Perceptions and understanding) Survey) 3 Promote private Sector Action plans in place Indicator: Action Plan in place for 0.1 0.1 Target: TBC engagement in and for private sector private sector engagement and support for people engagement and support to reconciliation informed centric reconciliation support to by the national policy on initiatives reconciliation reconciliation Baseline: No policy or action plan in place Target: Initial consultation takes place between GoSL and business
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
community (06/17); action plan in place (06/18)
4 Support a review of the Education system, Indicator: % of the action plan of x UNICEF German 2.0 0.5 1.5 education system to including the updated National Policy on y/Austral ensure it is conducive to governance, policies Education for Social Cohesion and ILO, ia/World promoting and curricular, Peace implemented. UNESCO, Bank reconciliation and strengthened to Baseline: The existing National IOM and cohesion, and support promote Policy on Education for Social UNV implementation of reconciliation and Cohesion and Peace (2008) is related reforms, social cohesion under review and an action plan to including immediate be developed. Current curricula do support to not adequately integrate peace peacebuilding related education. curricula and training Target: National Policy and Comprehensive Framework of Actions on Education for Social Cohesion and Peace (2008) to be updated/revised by December 2017 and curricula revised to integrate peace education in-line with the grade-wise revision cycle (date to be confirmed) % (to be determined once plan in place) of the action plan of the updated National Policy on Education for Social Cohesion and Peace implemented 12/18) 1 Facilitating inter and Platforms for Indicator: # of political parties that x PBF 0.4 0.2 0.2 intra-party political dialogue among agree to initiate dialogue on UNDP, RCO dialogues to build political actors reconciliation and women's consensus on issues of created and used participation DPA, UN reconciliation (including Baseline: no inter-party dialogue Women and promotion of women's on reconciliation; UNICEF political participation) Targets: agreement among the 5 and shared commitment political parties to dialogue on to prevention of future reconciliation and women's violent conflict participation by 12/16 and
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
dialogue sessions taking place by 06/17
2 Facilitating dialogue Dialogue platforms Indicator: # of platforms supported 1.0 1.0 with Diaspora to created with the through PPP via which dialogue is strengthen the diaspora taking place with Diaspora on peacebuilding agenda, peacebuilding related issues (i.e. including the political political settlement, socio- settlement, socio- economic development, conflict economic development prevention etc.) and shared Baseline: 0 commitments to conflict Target: To be confirmed during prevention project development
3 Facilitating national and Community forums Indicator: # of mechanisms created x UNDP, UN UK, EU, 3.0 0.3 0.6 2.1 local dialogues to and mechanisms for to promote peaceful coexistence Women, German promote the concept of dialogue created and dispute resolution, with their UNFPA, y, PBF a social contract and and used to effectiveness having been tested UNV IRF infrastructures for peace promote peaceful Baseline: ONUR currently piloting a e.g. mechanisms that coexistence and conflict transformation mechanism engage youth groups, dispute resolution at the community level women, inter-faith Target: Conflict resolution groups and leaders, etc. Engagement with mechanisms in place and across communities to religious leaders on effectiveness tested at the dialogue on issues of peacebuilding and community level in select conflict reconciliation, and reconciliation hotspots of each 9 provinces by provide space for matters 06/18 mediation and conflict prevention.
Governance 1 Capacity support to Enhanced capacity Indicator: For each targeted x UNDP PBF, TAF 3.0 0.6 0.5 2.0
Provincial of provincial provincial administration, % of (Australi Outcome: Administrations in administrations to development plan implemented UN a), WB,
lagging regions (North, plan, coordinate, Baseline: no results based, Women Koica, EU
ion and and ion devolution State institutions Decentralisat East, Uva and North- implement and integrated provincial plans in place effectively, efficiently, Central) monitor service that have been developed through equitably and 1. delivery a consultative process
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621 transparently respond Target: Results based, integrated to the priorities of the provincial plan officially launched population. and partially resourced by 12/17;
Indicator 1: 2 Capacity support to all Improved service To be developed following the 2.8 2.8 Government Provincial delivery and completion of the Constitutional Effectiveness Indicator Administrations to management of Reforms process (WB/Brookings) better plan, coordinate, resources in generate revenue, Provincial Baseline: 2015 = manage budgets (PFM), Administrations 0.00874 deliver services and Estimate of monitor in an inclusive, Platforms for governance (ranges consultative and knowledge sharing from approximately - transparent manner in between Provincial 2.5 (weak) to 2.5 support of Administrations on (strong) governance peacebuilding management and performance) service delivery Target: TBC Including through inter- provincial sharing of Indicator 2: % of best-practices (linked to people who believe dialogue exchange that state institutions across provinces - are treating people of reconciliation) all groups fairly, 1 Support to the Human Core functions of Indicator. # of HRC monitoring x UNDP/ 1.0 1.0 equitably and without Rights Commission to the HRC reports and recommendations / OHCHR discrimination promote and protect strengthened, observations made public
rights of vulnerable including systematic Baseline: 0 UN Measure of equity. groups, including monitoring of and Target: Details to be provided Women, Same indicator as for protection monitoring in reporting on upon finalisation of the HRC UNICEF, SDG 16 and UNSDF. resettlement/return vulnerable groups Strategic Plan (Oct 2016) UNHCR,
areas (includes a link to i.e. in resettled UNFPA, Baseline: TBC transitional justice) areas UNV Target: reduction
Indicator 3: % of Institutions Independent 2. Population with a high
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621 and moderate level of 2 Support to the National Measures taken by Indicator 1: Number of measures x UNDP/OHC 1.2 0.5 0.7 confidence in Police Commission to the Police taken by NPC to strengthen its HR institutions (courts, support oversight Commission to oversight function media, police, function and police strengthen Baseline: NPC operational but UN parliament). reforms to ensure safety oversight function limited capacity for oversight (to Women, and security and improve be elaborated following capacity UNV, IOM Baseline: (community policing, community policing, assessment) High level of diversity within the inclusiveness Target: number (to be confirmed) confidence police (gender, (women and of measures (i.e. a measure to a) Courts = 46% language, ethnicity), language), and improve responsiveness to public b) media = 32% GBV and violence, protection of complaints, or a measure to c) police = 23% special arrangements women and improve diversity in the police e) parliament = 13% for women and children) children force etc.) - linked to SSR Indicator 2: Change in diversity Moderate level of within the police confidence Baseline: To be confirmed during a) Courts = 36% project development b) media = 48% Targets: Increase in the proportion c) police = 46% of women in the police force e) parliament = 36% Increase in the number of Tamil speaking police officers Source: 2016 Increase in the number of police Perception survey officers from Tamil and Muslim Target: TBC communities 3 Support the RTI Commission Indicator: Extent of progress made 0.8 0.8 Indicator 4: % establishment of the established and in terms of functioning of RTI and contribution of women Right to Information Information Office Information Office MPs in Parliament (RTI) Commission, established Baseline: Legislation passed for RTI (noting Women MPs provide technical Commission and Information account for 5.8% of all assistance to the Office; MPs) Information Office to be Target: RTI officially established by established under 6/17 with public information Baseline 3.1% (8th Information Act and campaign to inform citizens of its Parliament, Sept 2015 promote awareness core functions - Dec 2016) Target: through civil society on Additional targets to be included at TBC RTI project development stage 4 Support to the Land Land Commission Indicator: Extent of progress made x UNDP 0.8 0.8 Commission established and in terms of functioning of the (formulation of national policy formulated National Land Commission
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
land policy.) - linked to Baseline: No Land Commission in UNHabitat, work on land under place UNHCR, Resettlement Target: To be confirmed as further OHCHR information becomes available from the Government 1 Promote equal access to Measures taken to Indicator 1: Number of people x UNDP US 2.0 2.0 justice for marginalized improve access to supported through the PPP to groups (including justice for access legal aid and legal UN Women, women, people marginalised groups documentation UNV
detained without Baseline: 0
charge, former ex- Target: To be confirmed during cadres recalled for project development stage (focus further rehabilitation to include at least the conflict etc), in partnership with affected regions and the estate civil society / north and sector) east Indicator 2: A plan in place to address language gaps in the key justice sector institutions (i.e. courts, legal draftsman department, legal aid commission)
3. Rule of Law and Access to Justice to Access and Law of Rule 3. in line with the Official Languages Policy Baseline: No plan in place Indicator: Plan in place 12/17; % (to be determined) of plan implemented 12/18 1 Support to women's More women in Indicator: % of women in elected x UN Women 2.5 0.5 1.5 empowerment and leadership positions positions local levels participation in politics and advancing Baseline: legislation for 25% quota UNDP, DPA,
(i.e. aim towards issues of concern to for local authorities approved. OHCHR achieving 25% quota in women Currently2-3% representation at Parliament, provincial subnational level and local Government Targets: Political parties' women's levels, strengthening caucuses strengthened to ensure Peacebuilding women's organisations women's political representation
4. Women and Youth in in Youth and Women 4. and networks, capacity enhanced at the local authority development) level by 12/17; and 30% increase at national level representation.
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
2 Addressing GBV Mechanisms to Indicator: # initiatives introduced US 3.0 3.0 through prevention and reduce prevalence or strengthened, in line with protection interventions of GBV and offer National Framework and Plan of in partnership with civil better support to Action to address SGBV society, including for victims Baseline National Framework and example domestic Plan of Action to address SGBV violence, SGBV, child approved by Cabinet (7/16) marriage, sex work (with Target: % of Plan to address SGBV a focus on post conflict implemented in the prioritised areas) sectors (sectors to be confirmed during project planning stage i.e. justice, education, health etc.) 3 Identify and support Indicator: # mechanisms in place x UNFPA 2.3 0.5 1.8 strategies and and enabling youth to participate approaches for in peacebuilding processes UNV increased youth Baseline: TBC participation in Target: TBC peacebuilding activities 1 Technical assistance for The constitutional Indicator: # of thematic and/or x UNDP 0.8 0.2 0.6 key elements of the reform process is comparative research papers
constitutional reform informed by best reviewed by Constitutional UN Women processes in support a practices and Assembly and/or Prime Minister’s UNV political settlement and national Office lasting peace (link with consultations Baseline: 0 transitional justice) Target: To be confirmed during project development, depending on timeline for ongoing Constitutional Reform process 2 Support Parliamentary Parliamentary Indicator: Extent of Parliamentary 3.3 3.3 reforms for oversight oversight of the Executive strengthening its mechanisms Baseline: To be confirmed during oversight function and strengthened to programme development
role in advancing enhance Target: To be confirmed during Constitutional and legislative reforms legislative and Constitutional
5. 5. reconciliation accountability and programme development public trust
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
1 Improving efficiency and Comprehensive Indicator: Extent of progress made 6.0 6.0 effectiveness of measures taken to through the PPP to reform the Government at the reform the public public sector national and local levels sector Baseline: No measures taken (civil service, Target: N/A (qualitative reporting) performance monitoring, representation, language element, public financial management, gender responsive budgeting) 2 Sensitisation and Programmes Indicator: Change in willingness of 0.3 0.3 training programmes on undertaken Government officers to service reconciliation for civil resulting in positive people of diverse communities service officers as front feedback from equally
6. Public administration reforms administration Public 6. line service providers i.e. front-line officers Baseline: 0 to promote mindsets in participating Target: Positive change (qualitative support of reporting) peacebuilding and positive attitudes to working with diverse communities 1 Support to build the Innovative civil Indicator: Number of interventions X UNDP USAID, 1.5 0.2 1.3
capacity of civil society society piloted through PPP with civil EU, organisations and interventions society that are subsequently Norway networks to play an piloted reviewed and assessed to inform active role in future scaling up peacebuilding in Sri Baseline: 0 Lanka, including Target: Number of interventions to innovative initiatives in be confirmed, focusing on issues support of citizen including Right to Information, engagement and Constitutional Reform, Democratic outreach (i.e. challenge Governance, Women’s and Youth 7. Strengthening civil society civil Strengthening 7. funds etc) Empowerment, Human Rights, Access to Justice and Rule of Law.
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
1 Dialogue with the Initiatives taken to Indicator: Extent of dialogue with x OHCHR, DPA/ 0.3 0.1 0.2 military on transitional engage the military military DPA PBF IRF justice issues on transitional Baseline: TBC justice Target: Ongoing military dialogue UNDP on Transitional Justice by 06/17 2 Technical assistance for Revised legislation Indicator: New counter-terrorism x CTED, UK/ PBF 0.23 0.15 0.08 drafting and drafted and legislation introduced to repeal or CTITFT/UN IRF implementation of new modalities for revise PTA ODC, counter terrorism implementation in Baseline: Government has OHCHR legislation to replace the place undertaken to review PTA Prevention of Terrorism Target: Draft counter terrorism IOM Act. legislation based on international
human rights norms and standards UNODC for counter-terrorism by 07/17 3 International IHL and human Indicator: IHL and human rights X OHCHR 0.5 0.5 Humanitarian Law and rights Training law training included as core human rights law programmes training for policy and military UNDP becomes core part of conducted and training for police and institutionalised Baseline: military (linked with Target: Training materials Police Commission and developed by XX, pilot trainings 8. Security Sector Reform Sector Security 8. HRC) and TOTs conducted by XX, training institutionalised by XX (to confirm as is this not already there for military - i.e. linked to peacekeeping etc.) 4 Support to strengthen Screening 0.1 0.1 0.0 screening/vetting mechanisms in line mechanism within the with international security forces, in line standards in place with international best and used practices (and linked to peacekeeping opportunities)
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Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
5 Support dialogue with Initiatives taken to UK, 0.7 0.7 the security sector for engage the security Australia longer term reforms and sector on change , US change management, management including civilian oversight
Resettlement and 1 Technical and capacity Government has Indicator: At national level: x UNDP 0.9 0.2 0.7 Durable Solutions support to Government capacity to oversee deployment of a technical expert at national and local and implement the with knowledge of displacement UNHCR, Outcome: level to operationalise national policy on and a legal background to MOR to WFP, ILO, the National Policy on durable solutions assist in setting up the IOM, UN The State prioritizes Durable Solutions for all and to collect implementation mechanism. Women sustainable return, conflict affected information for At the local level: Workshops on resettlement and/or persons, and targeting targeted assistance the policy conducted with district local integration of of the most vulnerable (i.e. to FHH) level officials and Informative conflict-displaced groups including FHH, leaflets produced and persons (IDPs, IDP (including planning and Systems and disseminated to public/a conflict returnees, and refugee leadership skills for procedures to affected persons. returnees) in a safe effective response at facilitate the return Baseline: Draft policy in place and dignified manner local level to and reintegration of Target: 1 technical expert with to rebuild lives and resettlement needs, returnees MOR (2016); 9 districts level communities. needs assessments, and workshops conducted and monitoring surveys) information material in all three Indicator 1: % of languages disseminated at village returnees with access level in all nine districts. to affordable quality Policy and Analytical 1. basic services (education, health, water/sanitation, public transportation, protection)
Baseline: TBC Target: TBC
Indicator 2: % of resettled families that
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621 report having 1 Technical support to Systems and Indicator 1: # of interventions x UNHABITAT 1.1 1.1 improved living Government to put in procedures in place supporting systems and standards place systems and to address land procedures such as surveying, IOM, procedures at national issues guarantee documentation, mediation etc. UNHCR, Baseline: TBC and local level to access for women, supported through the PPP to UNDP, UN Target: TBC facilitate or address and to address land support the Government and Women land related issues, i.e. related needs of all communities to resolve land Indicator 3: % of surveying, categories of related issues returnees that are documentation, returnees Baseline: 0 satisfied with their mediation for disputes, Target: TBC during project return (within six encroachment by the development months, one year, two Forest Department, Indicator 2: # of land related cases years) reform of the land addressed through initiatives ordinance to allow supported by the PPP Baseline: TBC women to inherit land, Baseline: 0 Target: TBC access to land for Target: TBC during project landless people development Indicator 4: % of returnee FHH that Infrastructure Community and Housing Land, 2. report feeling safe
Baseline: TBC 2 De-mining Mine areas declared Indicator: Area of land provided Japan, 6.0 6.0
Target: TBC safe with security To be confirmed USAID, during project development UK Indicator 5: # of IDPs 3 Support for shelter, Shelter, housing and Indicator: % resettled families that UNHABITAT India, n/a permanent housing and community have access to permanent housing EU, GoSL (pending Baseline: 43,607 community infrastructure and basic community IOM, further (Ministry of infrastructure for provided to infrastructure UNOPS informati
Resettlement March resettled communities resettled on on 2017 (Aug 2016 data) (subject to further communities Baseline: TBD Governm Target: TBC clarity on plan for 65,000 ent houses and timelines) Target: TBD housing program)
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
1 Support to meet the Basic services Indicator: % of resettled families, UNICEF PBF IRF 3.8 1.5 2.3 critical needs of provided in in particular the most vulnerable,
resettled communities resettlement areas that have access to basic services WHO, building on lessons from UNHABITAT UN's support to 2015/16 Baseline: TBC during project resettlements through development initiatives that address basic services and needs Target: 100%
(health, education, Economic Upliftment Economic
- WASH), with special attention to ensuring equal access for 3. Socio 3. vulnerable groups and including provision of mine risk education 2 Support to meet the Livelihood Indicator: % of resettled families x ILO Norway 6.0 6.0 critical livelihood needs initiatives in with access to improved livelihood of newly resettled resettled areas and employment opportunities UN Women, communities through Baseline: TBC during baseline IOM, FAO, quick win initiatives and survey at point of project UNDP, WFP,
support for longer term development UNHABITAT initiatives in partnership Target: TBC with the private sector, building on value chain analysis and market opportunities. PBF Secretariat Functioning PBF Effective Indicator 1: Number of RCO PBF IRF 2.4 0.7 0.6 1.1 Secretariat in RCO implementation of Peacebuilding Fund Board and the Peacebuilding Executive Board Meetings that take initiatives, with place attention to Baseline: Peacebuilding Fund Board coordination, established in January 2016, and evidenced based meeting quarterly (Jan, April and interventions and August 2016) high-impact results Target: Quarterly meetings with minutes circulated Indicator 2: % of Annual Reports submitted to PBF Board and PBS on
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Financial Information US$ million
Govt. Pillar Strategic Priority(s) Strategic level performance Active Strategic Output(s) Estimated [Strategic Outcome] indicators & baselines UN agency partners PBF PBF Funding Funding
Commitment Pledge Focus Area Focus PBF Priority PBF Need Gap (IRF) 201621
time and following quality review by the PBF Secretariat Baseline: IRF project reports submitted to PBSO by deadlines following quality assurance by pre- secretariat Target: 100% Total 79.4 5.3 7.0 67.2
Notes: * Costing for this item will be included once the details of what is planned are confirmed by the Government
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