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As at 28 February 2017
as at 01 M a rch 2017 FESTINA LENTE ADVANCING HUMAN RIGHTS, ACCOUNTABILITY, RECONCILIATION AND GOOD GOVERNANCE IN SRI LANKA January 2015 – March 2017 1 STEP OBSERVATIONS DATE MARCH 2017 Land release The Air Force released 42 acres of private land to the Mullaitivu GA, ending the protests staged by 01 people in front of the Air Force Base since January 2017. March FEBRUARY 2017 Cabinet of Ministers approves compensation Compensation payments proposed by the Minister of Prison Reforms, Rehabilitation, Resettlement 28 payments to those affected and Hindu Religious Affairs, as per the Commission appointed to investigate into the incidents, February by Incidents in Welikada approved by Cabinet. Compensation payments approved for 16 prisoners who passed away (Rs. Prison on 9 November 2012 2,000,000.00 each); and 20 injured (Rs. 500,000.00 each) Examination of Sri Lanka’s Sri Lanka’s 8th Periodic Report under the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of 22 Report to CEDAW Discrimination Against Women examined by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination February Against Women (CEDAW) Legislation to give effect to The International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance Bill 09 the International Convention was published in the Government Gazette February for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced English: http://documents.gov.lk/files/bill/2017/2/01-2017_E.pdf Disappearance Sinhala: http://documents.gov.lk/files/bill/2017/2/01-2017_S.pdf Tamil: http://documents.gov.lk/files/bill/2017/2/01-2017_T.pdf -
Justice Denied: a Reality Check on Resettlement, Demilitarization, And
JUSTICE DENIED: A REALITY CHECK ON RESETTLEMENT, DEMILITARIZATION, AND RECONCILIATION IN SRI LANKA JUSTICE DENIED: A REALITY CHECK ON RESETTLEMENT, DEMILITARIZATION, AND RECONCILIATION IN SRI LANKA Acknowledgements This report was written by Elizabeth Fraser with Frédéric Mousseau and Anuradha Mittal. The views and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of The Oakland Institute alone and do not reflect opinions of the individuals and organizations that have sponsored and supported the work. Cover photo: Inter-Faith Women’s Group in solidarity protest with Pilavu residents, February 2017 © Tamil Guardian Design: Amymade Graphic Design Publisher: The Oakland Institute is an independent policy think tank bringing fresh ideas and bold action to the most pressing social, economic, and environmental issues. Copyright © 2017 by The Oakland Institute. This text may be used free of charge for the purposes of advocacy, campaigning, education, and research, provided that the source is acknowledged in full. The copyright holder requests that all such uses be registered with them for impact assessment purposes. For copying in any other circumstances, reuse in other publications, or translation or adaptation, permission must be secured. For more information: The Oakland Institute PO Box 18978 Oakland, CA 94619 USA www.oaklandinstitute.org [email protected] Acronyms CID Criminal Investigation Department CPA Centre for Policy Alternatives CTA Counter Terrorism Act CTF Consultation Task Force on Reconciliation Mechanisms IDP Internally Displaced Person ITJP International Truth and Justice Project LTTE Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam OMP Office on Missing Persons PTA Prevention of Terrorism Act UNCAT United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment UNHRC United Nations Human Rights Council 3 www.oaklandinstitute.org Executive Summary In January 2015, Sri Lanka elected a new President. -
Faunistics of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rephalocera) with Some New Records from Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
Vol. 3, Issue 1, Pp: (26-35), March, 2019 FAUNISTICS OF BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA: REPHALOCERA) WITH SOME NEW RECORDS FROM QUETTA, BALOCHISTAN, PAKISTAN Fariha Mengal1, Imtiaz Ali Khan2, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Saima Durrani1, Muhammad Qasim3, Gul Makai1, Muhammad Kamal Sheik4, Ghulam Rasul4, Naveed Iftikhar Jajja3 1Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta. 2 University of Swabi, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. 3Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and KashmiR. 4Planning and Development Division, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad. ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Article History: th This study was conducted to explore the butterfly fauna of Quetta, Balochistan. Received: 10 Jan 2019 A totaling 286 specimens of butterflies have been collected from different Accepted: : 30th June 2019 Published online: 18th Oct 2019 localities of Quetta. Out of 286 collected specimens 27 species from 22 genera Author’s contribution under 4 families Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae Papilionidae and Pieridae have been All authors have contributed equally in identified. Out of 27 identified species, 11 species represented family this study. Lycaenidae, eight (08) species represented family Nymphalidae, seven (07) Key words: species identified under family Pieridae and one (01) species identified under Balochistan, Butterfly Fauna, family Papilionidae. One species, Pseudochazara mamurra recorded first time Lepidoptera, Pakistan, Quetta. from Pakistan. Three (03) species, namely Zizeeria maha, Zizula hylax and Zizina otis are reported first time from Balochistan while five (05) species i.e. Lampides boeticus, Polyommatus bogra, Polyommatus florenciae, Eumenis thelephassa and Eurema hecabe are first time from Quetta. 1. INTRODUCTION The butterfly fauna of Pakistan have been well studies by many authors. -
Annual Development Programme
ANNUAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME 16 - PROGRAMME 2015 PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT ANNUAL GOVERNMENT OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT JUNE, 2015 www.khyberpakhtunkhwa.gov.pk FINAL ANNUAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME 2015-16 GOVERNMENT OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT http://www.khyberpakhtunkhwa.gov.pk Annual Development Programme 2015-16 Table of Contents S.No. Sector/Sub Sector Page No. 1 Abstract-I i 2 Abstract-II ii 3 Abstract-III iii 4 Abstract-IV iv-vi 5 Abstract-V vii 6 Abstract-VI viii 7 Abstract-VII ix 8 Abstract-VIII x-xii 9 Agriculture 1-21 10 Auqaf, Hajj 22-25 11 Board of Revenue 26-27 12 Building 28-34 13 Districts ADP 35-35 14 DWSS 36-50 15 E&SE 51-60 16 Energy & Power 61-67 17 Environment 68-69 18 Excise, Taxation & NC 70-71 19 Finance 72-74 20 Food 75-76 21 Forestry 77-86 22 Health 87-106 23 Higher Education 107-118 24 Home 119-128 25 Housing 129-130 26 Industries 131-141 27 Information 142-143 28 Labour 144-145 29 Law & Justice 146-151 30 Local Government 152-159 31 Mines & Minerals 160-162 32 Multi Sectoral Dev. 163-171 33 Population Welfare 172-173 34 Relief and Rehab. 174-177 35 Roads 178-232 36 Social Welfare 233-238 37 Special Initiatives 239-240 38 Sports, Tourism 241-252 39 ST&IT 253-258 40 Transport 259-260 41 Water 261-289 Abstract-I Annual Development Programme 2015-16 Programme-wise summary (Million Rs.) S.# Programme # of Projects Cost Allocation %age 1 ADP 1553 589965 142000 81.2 Counterpart* 54 19097 1953 1.4 Ongoing 873 398162 74361 52.4 New 623 142431 35412 24.9 Devolved ADP 3 30274 30274 21.3 2 Foreign Aid* * 148170 32884 18.8 Grand total 1553 738135 174884 100.0 Sector-wise Throwforward (Million Rs.) S.# Sector Local Cost Exp. -
Board Of' Intermediate &
BOARD OF' INTERMEDIATE & SECONDARY EDUCATION PESHAWAR Research & Development/ Academic & Regulatory Authority Ph:091-9218012 Email : [email protected] The Competent Authority, Chairman BISE, Peshawar has been pleased to establish new camp office at Govt. High School Badaber Peshawar to facilitate the students / Private & Public Institutions / Public of followins areas: S.NO AREANAME S.NO AREANAME 1. Badaber 11. Aza Khel Mattani z. Masho Khel 12. Muyamzai 3. Mashogagar lJ. Tela Band A Shiekh Muhammad t4. Nak Band 5. Kaga wala 15. Darwazsai Mattani o" Ahmad Khle Bazid Khel 16. Sherikera 7. ZangalilMer a Masho gagar 17. Jaffar Klan Killi Kala Khel) 8. Adezai 18. Mian Garhi Sherikera o Yousaf Khel Mattani 19. Surizai Bala./Payan F.R Peshawar area i.e Sra Dargai, 10. Pasani Mattani 20. Kandow. Faridi. Bora and Ali Khel. Prof: Dr. Muhammad Shafi Afridi (CHAIRMAN) Endst No.663/DRD,tsISE. Peshawar Dated the. BISEP I 1!' June. 2014 Conv forwarded to the:- l. District Education Officer (Male/Female) Peshawar. 2. Agency Education Officer F.R Peshawar. 3. Principal GHS Badaber with the request to make necessary arrangement for distribution ofCheques, admission forms & other documents related to SSC/HSSC Examination. It is further requested to collect all documents related to Examination, Cheques etc from Principal GHSS No. 2 Peshawar cantt. 4. Principal GHSS No.2 Peshawar cantt is requested to hand over all record mentioned in S.No.3 to Principal GHS Badaber Peshawar. 5. Deputy Controller of Examination BISE, Peshawar. 6. Secrecy Officer SSC/HSSC BISE, Peshawar. 7. Assistant Controller of Examination SSC/HSSC BISE, Peshawar. -
State Denial, Local Controversies and Everyday Resistance Among the Santal in Bangladesh
The Issue of Identity: State Denial, Local Controversies and Everyday Resistance among the Santal in Bangladesh PhD Dissertation to attain the title of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Submitted to the Faculty of Philosophische Fakultät I: Sozialwissenschaften und historische Kulturwissenschaften Institut für Ethnologie und Philosophie Seminar für Ethnologie Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg This thesis presented and defended in public on 21 January 2020 at 13.00 hours By Farhat Jahan February 2020 Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Burkhard Schnepel Reviewers: Prof. Dr. Burkhard Schnepel Prof. Dr. Carmen Brandt Assessment Committee: Prof. Dr. Carmen Brandt Prof. Dr. Kirsten Endres Prof. Dr. Rahul Peter Das To my parents Noor Afshan Khatoon and Ghulam Hossain Siddiqui Who transitioned from this earth but taught me to find treasure in the trivial matters of life. Abstract The aim of this thesis is to trace transformations among the Santal of Bangladesh. To scrutinize these transformations, the hegemonic power exercised over the Santal and their struggle to construct a Santal identity are comprehensively examined in this thesis. The research locations were multi-sited and employed qualitative methodology based on fifteen months of ethnographic research in 2014 and 2015 among the Santal, one of the indigenous groups living in the plains of north-west Bangladesh. To speculate over the transitions among the Santal, this thesis investigates the impact of external forces upon them, which includes the epochal events of colonization and decolonization, and profound correlated effects from evangelization or proselytization. The later emergence of the nationalist state of Bangladesh contained a legacy of hegemony allowing the Santal to continue to be dominated. -
A Study of the Chakma Refugees in Mizoram Suparna Nandy Kar Ph.D
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES ISSN 2321 - 9203 www.theijhss.com THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Migration and Displacement Refugee Crisis: A Study of the Chakma Refugees in Mizoram Suparna Nandy Kar Ph.D. Scholar, Diphu Campus, Assam University, Assam Dr. K.C. Das Associate Professor, Diphu Campus, Assam University, Assam Abstract: The Chakmas constitute one of the ethnic groups of the Chittagong Hill Tracts (C H T’s), where 98 percent of the inhabitants of the hill region are the indigenous people of Mongoloid stock until the Muslim infiltrators swamped over the area. The Chakma ethnic groups are the most dominant and important tribe. They are Buddhist by faith. According to Encyclopaedia of South Asian Tribes Chakmas have descended from King Avirath of the Sakya dynasty. They belong to a tribal clan of the Tibe to - Burman race and came to the area when Burmans destroyed the Arakan Kingdom. Arakanese dissidents who were against the Burmese administration took shelter as refugees in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. After the partition of the country the C H T was annexed to Pakistan .Some of them stood against the policy of the Government of Pakistan because they were suppressed and many of them had to cross the border and enter into India and Burma for the protection of their lives and family. Later on , Pakistan Government took the policy of setting up of a Hydro Electric Project over the river Karnaphuli in the C H T. The high water level of Kaptai Hydro Electric Project inundated a vast Chakma inhabited area. -
In the Court of Appeal of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA In the matter of an application for a mandate in the nature of Writ of Certiorari and Prohibition in terms of Article 140 of the Constitution CA (Writ) Application No: 148 /2012 J. M. Lakshman Jayasekara Director General, National Physical Planning Department 5th Floor, Sethsiti paya, Battaramulla. PETITIONER 1. S.M.Gotabaya Jayarathne, Secretary, Ministry of Construction, Engineering Services, Housing & Common Amenities, 5th Floor C,Sethsiripaya, Battaramulla. 1st RESPONDENT 1.A P.H.L. Wimalasiri Perera Secretary, Ministry of Construction, Engineering Services, Housing & Common Amenities, 5th Floor C,Sethsiripaya, Battaramulla Present Secretary ADDED 1A RESPONDENT 2. Vidyajothi Dr. Dayasiri Fernando, Chairman, 3. Palitha Kumarasinghe P.C, Member, 4. Mrs. Sirimavo A. Wijayaratne, Member, 5. Ananda Seneviratne, Member 6. N.H. Pathirana, Member, 7. S. Thillanadarajah, Member, 8. M.B.W. Ariyawansa, Member, 9. M.A.Mohomed Nahiya, Member, 10. P.M.L.C. Seneviratne Secretary, All of Public Services Commission, 177, Nawala Road, Colombo 5. 11. Attorney General Attorney General's department, Colombo 12. 12. Hon. Prime Minister D. M. Jayaratne Ministry of Buddha Sasana & Religious Affairs 13. Hon. Ratnasiri Wickramanayake Ministry of Good Governance & Infrastructure Facilities 14. Hon. D. E. W. Gunasekera Ministry of Human Resources 15. Hon. Athauda Seneviratne Ministry of Rural Affairs 16. Hon. P. Dayaratne Ministry of Food Security 17. Hon. A. H. M. Fowzie Ministry of Urban Affairs 18. Hon. S. B. Navinne Ministry of Consumer Welfare 19. Hon. Piyasena Gamage Ministry of National Resources 20. Hon. (Prof) Tissa Vitharana Ministry of Scientific Affairs 21. -
DETAILS of Npos, SOCIAL WELFARE DEPARTMENT KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA (Final Copy)
DETAILS OF NPOs, SOCIAL WELFARE DEPARTMENT KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA (Final copy) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) (xi) (xii) (xiii) (xiv) (xv) (xvi) (xvii) Name, Address & Contact No. Registration No. Sectors/ Target Size Latest Key Functionaries Persons in Effective Name & Value of Associate Bank Donor Means Mode Cross- Recruitme Detail of of NPO with Registering Function Area and Audited Control Moveable & d Entities Account Base of of Fund border nt Criminal Authority s Communit Accounts Immovable (if any) Details Paymen Payme Activiti Capabilitie /Administrati y available Assets (Bank, t nt es s ve Action (Yes /No) Branch & against NPO Account No.) (if any) 1 AAGHOSH WELFARE DSW/NWFP/254 Educatio Peshawar Mediu Yes Education Naseer Ahmad 01 Lack No;. Nil No. NA N.A N.A 07 Nil ORGANIZATION , ISLAMIA 9 n and m 03009399085 PUBLIC SCHOOL 09-03-2006 General aaghosh_2549@yahoo. BHATYAN CHARSADA Welfare com.com ROAD PESHAWAR 2 ABASEEN FOUNDATION DSW/NWFP/169 Educatio Peshawar mediu 2018 Education Dr. Mukhtiar Zaman 80 lac Nil --------- Both Bank Chequ Nil 20 Nil PAK, 3rd Floor, 272 Deans 9 n & m Tel: 0092 91 5603064 e Trade Centre, Peshawar 09.09.2000 health [email protected] Cantonment, Peshawar, . KPK, Pakistan. 3 Ahbab Welfare Organization, DSW/KPK/3490 Health Peshwar Small 2018 Dr. Habib Ullah 06 lac Nil ---------- Self Cash Cash Nil 08 Nil Sikandarpura G.t Rd 16.03.2011 educatio 0334-9099199 help Cheque Chequ n e 4 AIMS PAKISTAN DSW/NWFP/228 Patient’s KPK Mediu 2018 Patient’s Dr. Zia ul hasan 50 Lacs Nil 1721001193 Local Throug Bank Nil Nil 6-A B-3 OPP:Edhi home 9 Diabetic m Diabetic Welfare 0332 5892728, 690001 h Phase #05 Hayatabad 24,03.04 Welfare /Awareness 091-5892728 MIB Cheque Peshawar. -
List of Trainees of Egp Training
Consultancy Services for “e-GP Related Training” Digitizing Implementation Monitoring and Public Procurement Project (DIMAPPP) Contract Package # CPTU/S-03 Central Procurement Technical Unit (CPTU), IMED Ministry of Planning Training Time Duration: 1st July 2020- 30th June 2021 Summary of Participants # Type of Training No. of Participants 1 Procuring Entity (PE) 876 2 Registered Tenderer (RT) 1593 3 Organization Admin (OA) 59 4 Registered Bank User (RB) 29 Total 2557 Consultancy Services for “e-GP Related Training” Digitizing Implementation Monitoring and Public Procurement Project (DIMAPPP) Contract Package # CPTU/S-03 Central Procurement Technical Unit (CPTU), IMED Ministry of Planning Training Time Duration: 1st July 2020- 30th June 2021 Number of Procuring Entity (PE) Participants: 876 # Name Designation Organization Organization Address 1 Auliullah Sub-Technical Officer National University, Board Board Bazar, Gazipur 2 Md. Mominul Islam Director (ICT) National University Board Bazar, Gazipur 3 Md. Mizanoor Rahman Executive Engineer National University Board Bazar, Gazipur 4 Md. Zillur Rahman Assistant Maintenance Engineer National University Board Bazar, Gazipur 5 Md Rafiqul Islam Sub Assistant Engineer National University Board Bazar, Gazipur 6 Mohammad Noor Hossain System Analyst National University Board Bazar, Gazipur 7 Md. Anisur Rahman Programmer Ministry Of Land Bangladesh Secretariat Dhaka-999 8 Sanjib Kumar Debnath Deputy Director Ministry Of Land Bangladesh Secretariat Dhaka-1000 9 Mohammad Rashedul Alam Joint Director Bangladesh Rural Development Board 5,Kawranbazar, Palli Bhaban, Dhaka-1215 10 Md. Enamul Haque Assistant Director(Construction) Bangladesh Rural Development Board 5,Kawranbazar, Palli Bhaban, Dhaka-1215 11 Nazneen Khanam Deputy Director Bangladesh Rural Development Board 5,Kawranbazar, Palli Bhaban, Dhaka-1215 12 Md. -
Un-Claim Dividend and Shares for Upload in Company Web Site
UN-CLAIM DIVIDEND AND SHARES FOR UPLOAD IN COMPANY WEB SITE. Company FOLIO Name Address Amount Shares Abbott 41 BILQIS BANO C-306, M.L.COMPLEX MIRZA KHALEEJ1,507.00 BEG ROAD,0 PARSI COLONY KARACHI Abbott 43 MR. ABDUL RAZAK RUFI VIEW, JM-497,FLAT NO-103175.75 JIGGAR MOORADABADI0 ROAD NEAR ALLAMA IQBAL LIBRARY KARACHI-74800 Abbott 47 MR. AKHTER JAMIL 203 INSAF CHAMBERS NEAR PICTURE600.50 HOUSE0 M.A.JINNAH ROAD KARACHI Abbott 62 MR. HAROON RAHEMAN CORPORATION 26 COCHINWALA27.50 0 MARKET KARACHI Abbott 68 MR. SALMAN SALEEM A-450, BLOCK - 3 GULSHAN-E-IQBAL6,503.00 KARACHI.0 Abbott 72 HAJI TAYUB ABDUL LATIF DHEDHI BROTHERS 20/21 GORDHANDAS714.50 MARKET0 KARACHI Abbott 95 MR. AKHTER HUSAIN C-182, BLOCK-C NORTH NAZIMABAD616.00 KARACHI0 Abbott 96 ZAINAB DAWOOD 267/268, BANTWA NAGAR LIAQUATABAD1,397.67 KARACHI-190 267/268, BANTWA NAGAR LIAQUATABAD KARACHI-19 Abbott 97 MOHD. SADIQ FIRST FLOOR 2, MADINA MANZIL6,155.83 RAMTLA ROAD0 ARAMBAG KARACHI Abbott 104 MR. RIAZUDDIN 7/173 DELHI MUSLIM HOUSING4,262.00 SOCIETY SHAHEED-E-MILLAT0 OFF SIRAJUDULLAH ROAD KARACHI. Abbott 126 MR. AZIZUL HASAN KHAN FLAT NO. A-31 ALLIANCE PARADISE14,040.44 APARTMENT0 PHASE-I, II-C/1 NAGAN CHORANGI, NORTH KARACHI KARACHI. Abbott 131 MR. ABDUL RAZAK HASSAN KISMAT TRADERS THATTAI COMPOUND4,716.50 KARACHI-74000.0 Abbott 135 SAYVARA KHATOON MUSTAFA TERRECE 1ST FLOOR BEHIND778.27 TOOSO0 SNACK BAR BAHADURABAD KARACHI. Abbott 141 WASI IMAM C/O HANIF ABDULLAH MOTIWALA95.00 MUSTUFA0 TERRECE IST FLOOR BEHIND UBL BAHUDARABAD BRANCH BAHEDURABAD KARACHI Abbott 142 ABDUL QUDDOS C/O M HANIF ABDULLAH MOTIWALA252.22 MUSTUFA0 TERRECE 1ST FLOOR BEHIND UBL BAHEDURABAD BRANCH BAHDURABAD KARACHI. -
Studiesohthe Pollutants of Quetta Valley
STUDIES OH THE POLLUTANTS OF QUETTA VALLEY AWD f/ THEIR METABOLIC STRESS ON POPULATION 5Do®y| By m t Baiochi Mrs. Syeda Aban Asrar S Institute of Biochemistry F UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN QUETTA (1996). j I Vky w J V t £6 mb J j n v C -JIM (/ ¥ '’A vyjwj. kV Wi I Studies on the polutants of Quetta Valley and their Metabolic Stresses on population By SAYYEDA ABANVASRAR A DISSERTATION Submitted to (he University of Balochistan in Partial Fulfillment of the Rcquirmcns for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSPHY IN BIOCHEMISTRY Supervisor Kxtvi'iiiil I'.vuminer INSTITUTE OF BIOCHEMISTRY UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN QUETTA 1 996. DECLARATION This is to Certify that the work presented in the theses entitled "Pollution of Quetta Valley and Their Metabolic Stresses on Population" is original and of high quality. The work has been carried out by Ms. Sayeda Aban Asrar under my supervision, with approval of under signed. The thesis is submitted to the University of Balochistan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSPHY IN BIOCHEMISTRY Prof Dr. M.A. Malghani Inst, of Biochemistry University of Balochistan Quetta. (PAKISTAN). DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I certify that this thesis represent my work, and was composed by- me. Signature Date fa- ?ÿ 9 A ACKNOWLEDGMENT I wish to express my deepest and sincere gratitude: t o Almighty Allah for giving me the knowledge insight and opportunity to complete this work. I am exceedingly indebted to my supervisor I tv- 1 . M.A.K. Malghani who guided me with inspiration .ii,J encouragment .