Anatomy Flashcards: Hip and Thigh

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

ANATOMY FLASHCARDS Hip and thigh Dear Anatomy Geek, Welcome to your Kenhub flashcards eBook. This eBook is laid out in a flashcard style format, which means that you can learn anatomy easily and on the go. Oh- and without having to deal with a tidal wave of handmade flashcards flying around. Result! So, how do I use this anatomy eBook? It couldn’t be simpler. On the first page, you will see an illustration of an anatomical structure along with a question asking you to identify it. Allow yourself a few seconds to recall the name of the structure you see as well as its purpose in the body. Once you think you’ve got it, flip the page. Here you will see the answer in English and Latin, as well as some additional information about the structure. It’s important to be honest with yourself. Did you get it right? If so, great! Move onto the next card. If not, make a note to come back to it later before you move onto the next card. And that’s it! It’s really that easy. Swipe the page to get started now. QUESTION What structure is shown here? Image by: Liene Znotina ENGLISH Lateral condyle of the femur LATIN Condylus lateralis femoris ORIGINS Popliteus muscle Image by: Liene Znotina QUESTION What structure is shown here? Image by: Liene Znotina ENGLISH Acetabulum LATIN Acetabulum Image by: Liene Znotina QUESTION What structure is shown here? Image by: Liene Znotina ENGLISH Psoas major muscle LATIN Musculus psoas major INSERTIONS Lesser trochanter INNERVATIONS Femoral nerve, Lumbar plexus FUNCTIONS Flexes the hip joint, externally rotates the hip joint, laterally flexes the trunk, ventrally flexes the trunk Image by: Liene Znotina QUESTION What structure is shown here? Image by: Liene Znotina ENGLISH Iliopsoas muscle LATIN Musculus iliopsoas Image by: Liene Znotina QUESTION What structure is shown here? Image by: Liene Znotina ENGLISH Semitendinosus muscle LATIN Musculus semitendinosus ORIGINS Sacrotuberous ligament, Tuberosity of the ischium INSERTIONS Pes anserinus INNERVATIONS Sciatic nerve FUNCTIONS Extends the thigh, flexes the knee, internally rotates the knee, stabilizes the pelvis Image by: Liene Znotina QUESTION What structure is shown here? Image by: Liene Znotina ENGLISH Inferior pubic ramus LATIN Ramus inferior ossis pubis ORIGINS Adductor brevis muscle, Adductor magnus muscle, Adductor minimus muscle, Gracilis muscle Image by: Liene Znotina QUESTION What structure is shown here? Image by: Liene Znotina.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

The Anatomy of the Posterolateral Aspect of the Rabbit Knee
Journal of Orthopaedic Research ELSEVIER Journal of Orthopaedic Research 2 I (2003) 723-729 www.elsevier.com/locate/orthres The anatomy of the posterolateral aspect of the rabbit knee Joshua A. Crum, Robert F. LaPrade *, Fred A. Wentorf Dc~~ur/niiviiof Orthopuer/ic Surgery. Unicrrsity o/ Minnesotu. MMC 492, 420 Dcluwur-c Si. S. E., Minnwpoli,s, MN 55455, tiSA Accepted 14 November 2002 Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the anatomy of the posterolateral aspect of the rabbit knee to serve as a basis for future in vitro and in vivo posterolateral knee biomechanical and injury studies. Twelve nonpaired fresh-frozen New Zealand white rabbit knees were dissected to determine the anatomy of the posterolateral corner. The following main structures were consistently identified in the rabbit posterolateral knee: the gastrocnemius muscles, biceps femoris muscle, popliteus muscle and tendon, fibular collateral ligament, posterior capsule, ligament of Wrisberg, and posterior meniscotibial ligament. The fibular collateral ligament was within the joint capsule and attached to the femur at the lateral epi- condyle and to the fibula at the midportion of the fibular head. The popliteus muscle attached to the medial edge of the posterior tibia and ascended proximally to give rise to the popliteus tendon, which inserted on the proximal aspect of the popliteal sulcus just anterior to the fibular collateral ligament. The biceps femoris had no attachment to the fibula and attached to the anterior com- partment fascia of the leg. This study increased our understanding of these structures and their relationships to comparative anatomy in the human knee.
[Show full text]
Popliteal Fossa, Back of Leg & Sole of Foot
Popliteal fossa, back of leg & Sole of foot Musculoskeletal block- Anatomy-lecture 16 Editing file Color guide : Only in boys slides in Blue Objectives Only in girls slides in Purple important in Red Doctor note in Green By the end of the lecture, students should be able to: Extra information in Grey ✓ The location , boundaries & contents of the popliteal fossa. ✓ The contents of posterior fascial compartment of the leg. ✓ The structures hold by retinacula at the ankle joint. ✓ Layers forming in the sole of foot & bone forming the arches of the foot. Popliteal Fossa Is a diamond-shaped intermuscular space at the back of the knee Boundaries Contents Tibial nerve Common peroneal nerve Semitendinosus Laterally Medially Roof Floor From medial to lateral (above) (above) 1.Skin 1.popliteal surface 1. Popliteal vessels (artery/vein) biceps femoris. semimembranosus 2.superficial of femur 2. Small saphenous vein & semitendinosus fascia & deep 2.posterior ligament 3. Tibial nerve fascia of the of knee joint 4. Common peroneal nerve. (Below) (Below) thigh. 3.popliteus muscle. 5. Posterior cut. nerve of thigh Lateral head of Medial head of 6. Connective tissue & popliteal lymph gastrocnemius gastrocnemius nodes. & plantaris The deepest structure is popliteal artery.* (VERY IMPORTANT) CONTENTS OF THE POSTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG The transverse intermuscular septum of the leg is a septum divides the muscles of the posterior Transverse section compartment into superficial and deep groups. Contents 1. Superficial group of muscles 2. Deep group of muscles 3. Posterior tibial artery transverse intermuscular 4. Tibial nerve septum Superficial group Deep group 1. Gastrocnemius 1.
[Show full text]
Clinical Anatomy of the Lower Extremity
Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Иркутский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy Clinical anatomy of the lower extremity Teaching aid Иркутск ИГМУ 2016 УДК [617.58 + 611.728](075.8) ББК 54.578.4я73. К 49 Recommended by faculty methodological council of medical department of SBEI HE ISMU The Ministry of Health of The Russian Federation as a training manual for independent work of foreign students from medical faculty, faculty of pediatrics, faculty of dentistry, protocol № 01.02.2016. Authors: G.I. Songolov - associate professor, Head of Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, PhD, MD SBEI HE ISMU The Ministry of Health of The Russian Federation. O. P.Galeeva - associate professor of Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, MD, PhD SBEI HE ISMU The Ministry of Health of The Russian Federation. A.A. Yudin - assistant of department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy SBEI HE ISMU The Ministry of Health of The Russian Federation. S. N. Redkov – assistant of department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy SBEI HE ISMU THE Ministry of Health of The Russian Federation. Reviewers: E.V. Gvildis - head of department of foreign languages with the course of the Latin and Russian as foreign languages of SBEI HE ISMU The Ministry of Health of The Russian Federation, PhD, L.V. Sorokina - associate Professor of Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation at ISMU, PhD, MD Songolov G.I K49 Clinical anatomy of lower extremity: teaching aid / Songolov G.I, Galeeva O.P, Redkov S.N, Yudin, A.A.; State budget educational institution of higher education of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation; "Irkutsk State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation Irkutsk ISMU, 2016, 45 p.
[Show full text]
Review Paper:Role of the Popliteal Fossa in Knee Problems
Journal of Modern Rehabilitation July 2020, Volume 14, Number 3 Review Paper: Role of the Popliteal Fossa in Knee Problems: Theoretical Considerations and Practical Implications Maghsoud Eivazi Gh1, Amin Alilou2, Sara Fereydounnia3* , James Selfe4, Sahar Zamani5 1. Faculty of General Medicine, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan. 2. Faculty of Dentistry, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan. 3. School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 4. Department of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, England. 5. School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Use your device to scan and read the article online Citation: Eivazi Gh M, Alilou A, Fereydounnia S, Selfe J, Zamani S. Role of the Popliteal Fossa in Knee Problems: Theoretical Considerations and Practical Implications. Journal of Modern Rehabilitation. 2020; 14(3):131-140. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ JMR.14.3.4 : http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/JMR.14.3.4 A B S T R A C T Article info: The popliteal fossa is located at the back of the knee joint and it is an area where blood vessels Received: 13 Jan 2020 and nerves and also lymph nodes pass. Popliteal fossa injuries includes nearly 2% of acute knee Accepted: 05 May 2020 injuries. The treatment of chronic injuries are always more difficult than acute ones, because its Available Online: 01 Jul 2020 diagnosis would depend on careful interpretation of specific clinical exams. In this review, we Keywords: describe our current understanding of role of popliteal fossa in knee problems, and summarize the anatomy and functional role of popliteal fossa and popliteomeniscal fibers, and mechanism Posterolateral corner of of popliteomeniscal fibers injuries, and discuss strategies for diagnosis of popliteomeniscal the knee, Popliteus Fossa, fibers lesions, differential diagnosis, and treatment of the posterolateral corner injuries.
[Show full text]
A Study on the Morphology of the Popliteus Muscle and Arcuate Popliteal Ligament
Folia Morphol. Vol. 65, No. 4, pp. 381–384 Copyright © 2006 Via Medica O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E ISSN 0015–5659 www.fm.viamedica.pl A study on the morphology of the popliteus muscle and arcuate popliteal ligament G. Paraskevas1, B. Papaziogas1, P. Kitsoulis2, S. Spanidou1 1Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece 2Institute of Anatomy, University of Ioannina, Greece [Received 28 December 2006; Revised 17 July 2006; Accepted 1 August 2006] The aim of this study was to investigate the origins and morphological features of the popliteus muscle in cadavers. In a sample of 40 lower limbs taken from cadavers the exact morphological features of the popliteus muscle were examined. In 100% of the cases studied we noticed, apart from the known femoral origin from the lateral femoral epicondyle, a fibular origin from the styloid process of the head of the fibula directed obliquely and blending with the main femoral origin, forming the arms of a Y-shaped structure. In all the cases a capsular origin was presented, while in 91.67% an origin lateral to it from the superior border of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus was found. The capsular and meniscal origins formed the base of the Y-shaped structure that corresponded to the known arcuate ligament. We consider that the additional origins of the popliteus muscle form the arcuate ligament, which is not a distinct anatomical structure as it is described in tradi- tional anatomical textbooks. In addition, we have analysed the exact morpho- logical features of the capsular, fibular and meniscal origins of the popliteal muscle.
[Show full text]
Posterior Knee Pain
Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med (2010) 3:3–10 DOI 10.1007/s12178-010-9057-4 Posterior knee pain S. English • D. Perret Published online: 12 June 2010 Ó The Author(s) 2010. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Posterior knee pain is a common patient com- musculotendinous structures, ligaments, nerves, vascular plaint. There are broad differential diagnoses of posterior components, and/or to the bursas. In order to understand knee pain ranging from common causes such as injury to the causes of posterior knee pain, the clinician needs to the musculotendinous structures to less common causes understand the anatomy and the important aspects of the such as osteochondroma. A precise understanding of knee history and physical examination when evaluating poster- anatomy, the physical examination, and of the differential ior knee pain. This review describes those aspects and diagnosis is needed to accurately evaluate and treat pos- concludes by discussing the causes and management of terior knee pain. This article provides a review of the posterior knee pain. anatomy and important aspects of the history and physical examination when evaluating posterior knee pain. It con- cludes by discussing the causes and management of pos- Anatomy and biomechanics terior knee pain. The knee functions as a modiﬁed hinge joint consisting of Keywords Posterior Á Knee Á Pain Á Popliteal the tibia, femur, and patella. The primary plane of motion is extension and ﬂexion; however, when pathology is present abduction, adduction, internal and external rota- Introduction tions, and anterior and posterior translations may occur [1]. The distal femur and proximal tibia form the two largest The purpose of this review is to aid the clinician in eval- points of contact in the joint.
[Show full text]
Anatomy and Physiology of Knee Stability
Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology Review Anatomy and Physiology of Knee Stability Jawad F. Abulhasan 1,* and Michael J. Grey 2 1 Physiotherapy Department, Shaikhan Al-Faresi Hospital, Kuwait Ministry of Health, Kuwait City 44007, Kuwait 2 Acquired Brain Injury Rehabilitation Alliance, School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +965-6666-7770 Received: 28 June 2017; Accepted: 20 September 2017; Published: 24 September 2017 Abstract: Knee instability has been the focus of large number of studies over the last decade; however, a high incidence rate of injury still exists. The aim of this short report is to examine knee joint anatomy and physiology with respect to knee stability. Knee joint stability requires the integration of a complex set of anatomical structures and physiological mechanism. Compromising any of these structures leads to destabilisation and increased risk of injuries. This review highlights the structure and soft tissue of the knee that contribute to its stability and function. This introduction is part of the Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology’s Special Issue “The Knee: Structure, Function and Rehabilitation”. Keywords: knee; anatomy; stability 1. Introduction Joint instability is a problem from which both athletes and non-athletes suffer, with one of the most common sources of instability being associated with the knee joint. Knee instability has a high incidence rate and has been extensively studied over the last decade. For example, one prospective cohort study conducted over seven consecutive professional football seasons found that injuries due to knee instability was second only to thigh strains (23%), and 18% of all injuries were sustained at the knee joint [1].
[Show full text]
Isolated Rupture of the Popliteus Muscle with Painful Ossification in A
Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases 2009;67(4):387-90 387 Isolated Rupture of the Popliteus Muscle with Painful Ossification in a Skeletally Immature Athlete A Case Report Michael J. Sileo, M.D., and Michael C. Schwartz, M.D. Abstract had rolled onto his left knee from behind. He did recall A case of an isolated popliteus tendon rupture occurring hearing a “pop” and sensing an almost immediate effusion. during sport in a skeletally immature athlete is presented. He was seen initially at a local emergency room, where Treatment is not always clearly defined, as both nonoperative the effusion was drained. After orthopaedic evaluation and and operative have been successful. Because the outcome of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed at an rest from sports activity and failed trials of physical therapy outside institution, he was diagnosed with a medial meniscal allowed continued discomfort in the posterolateral aspect of tear and strain of the popliteus tendon. the knee in this patient, repeat imaging and arthroscopy were When the patient first presented for assessment at our performed. Part of the popliteus tendon was demonstrated institution, his chief complaint was subjective instability as to have ossified and was openly debrided. The remaining well as discomfort along the posterior aspect of the knee. tendon was repaired to the lateral capsule. The patient went Physical examination revealed full extension ability but not on to a full recovery and return to sport. hyperextension; flexion to 110° with discomfort was pos- sible, and a minimal effusion was present. The knee was solated rupture of the popliteus tendon is rare.
[Show full text]
A Symptomatic Cyamella in the Popliteus Tendon Causing Snapping Knee: a Case Report and Literature Review Shouwen Su†, Yunxiang Lu†, Yuxian Chen and Zhiyong Li*
Su et al. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders (2019) 20:495 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-019-2882-8 CASE REPORT Open Access A symptomatic cyamella in the popliteus tendon causing snapping knee: a case report and literature review Shouwen Su†, Yunxiang Lu†, Yuxian Chen and Zhiyong Li* Abstract Background: Cyamella,the sesamoid bones of the popliteus muscle, are rare in humans. Snapping knee is an uncommon problem which can be difficult to diagnose. Case presentation: In this case, we report a 24-year-old male with snapping knee caused by symptomatic cyamella in the popliteus tendon. A large cyamella was identified upon surgery and was removed. Postoperatively, the patient had immediate relief of preoperative symptoms, and there were no signs of recurrence after 1 years of follow-up. Conclusions: Although not previously suggested, symptomatic cyamella in the popliteus tendon should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis of the snapping knee. Keywords: Cyamella, Popliteus, Sesamoid, Snapping knee, Surgery, Knee joint Background past 2 years. Snapping was elicited upon extending the Cyamellae, the sesamoid bones of the popliteus muscle, knee and could be reproduced by applyng direct pres- are rare in humans [1]. Snapping knee, which is defined as sure on the posterolateral knee. There was no actual or a patient hearing or feeling a snapping or popping of joints previously sustained trauma noted on this patient. at some specific activity [2], is an uncommon problem The patient was initially and preliminarily diagnosed and can be difficult to diagnose [3]. Some differentials for with knee joint plica syndrome and underwent arthro- the snapping knee include the presence of a discoid me- scopic surgery in a previous institution.
[Show full text]
Motor Control of the Knee
UMEÅ UNIVERSITY MEDICAL DISSERTATIONS New Series No. 987 - ISSN 0346-6612 - ISBN 91-7305-951-X From the Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå, Sweden Motor Control of the Knee Kinematic and EMG studies of healthy individuals and people with patellofemoral pain Ann-Katrin Stensdotter Umeå 2005 ISBN Copyright © Ann-Katrin Stensdotter Front-page illustration (3-D kinematics and EMG from one subject) Permission to use screenshots from Visual3D (TM) granted by C-Motion, Inc. (www.c-motion.com) October 2005 Printed by Universitetstryckeriet, Uppsala Sweden 2005 2 3 CONTENT CONTENT...........................................................................................................4 PAPER I – IV ......................................................................................................5 ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................6 SVENSK SAMMANFATTNING.......................................................................7 ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................8 ORIGINAL PAPERS..........................................................................................9 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................10 The need for evidence based knowledge..........................................................10 Patellofemoral pain.........................................................................................12
[Show full text]
Popliteal Fossa, Posterior Compartment of Leg & Sole Of
ANATOMY TEAM 22- Popliteal fossa, Posterior compartment of leg & Sole of foot Objectives: At the end of this lecture the students should be able to know: • The location, boundaries & contents of the popliteal fossa • The contents of posterior fascial compartment of Leg. • The structures hold by retinacula at ankle. • Layers forming in the sole of foot & bone those form the arches of the foot. تنويه: هذا الملف ﻻ يعتبر المرجع اﻻساسي للمذاكره انما هو للمراجعه فقط! المرجع اﻻساسي هو السﻻيدات وتم التأكد بأنه ﻻيوجد أي اختﻻف بين اﻻوﻻد والبنات ما عدا هذه المعلومة "باﻷحمر" عند البنات. 1. Interossei, (3 plantar + 4 dorsal). 2. Peroneus longus tendon, 3. Tibialis posterior tendon Popliteal fossa: Boundaries: Laterally above Biceps femoris below lateral head of gastrocnemius & plantaris Medially Above Semimembranosus & semitendinosus (semitendinosus is above Semimembranosus) Below Medial head of gastrocnemius Roof -Skin -superficial fascia -deep fascia of the leg. Floor -Popliteal surface of femur -posterior ligament of knee joint -popliteus muscle (the deepest) Contents: -Popliteal vessels (Artery and veins) “Popliteal artery is the deepest’’ -Small saphenous vein -Tibial nerve(most superficial one) -Common peroneal nerve -Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh -Connective tissue - popliteal lymph nodes(deep but the artery is deepest) Arches of Foot: Medial Lateral Transverse arch longitudinal arch longitudinal arch Is formed of Is formed of Lies at the level of calcaneum, talus, calcaneum, cuboid tarso-metatarsal th th navicular, 3 & lateral 4 & 5 joints, formed of metatarsal bones cuneiform bones, bases of and first medial 3 metatarsal bones, metatarsal bones. cuboid & 3 cuneiform bones. Babies have flat foot ( no arch), because of presence of a large amount of subcutaneous fat on the sole of foot Important Notes: 1-popliteal artery divides into : anterior tibial artery and posterior tibial artery 2-soleus muscle have no flex of knee action because its origin is not in the condyle.
[Show full text]
Isolated Popliteus Muscle Rupture with Neurovascular Compression Requiring Surgical Decompression
(aspects of trauma • a case report) Isolated Popliteus Muscle Rupture With Neurovascular Compression Requiring Surgical Decompression Matthew Bollier, MD, Todd Ream, MD, and Gregory Hodgman, MD he tibial nerve, poplite- We report the unique case of an CASE REPORT al artery, and popliteal isolated popliteus muscle rupture A 34-year-old police officer pre- vein are superficial to the that led to compression of the tibial sented to the emergency depart- Tpopliteus muscle as they nerve in the popliteal fossa requir- ment with a 2-day history of excru- exit the popliteal fossa deep to ing surgical decompression. ciating posterior left knee pain. the fibrous soleus arch (Figure 1). The popliteus muscle forms the He described a twisting injury to There are 9 case reports of tibial floor of the popliteal fossa cours- his flexed left knee while helping a nerve compression in the popli- ing obliquely across the posterior motorist change a tire 2 weeks prior. teal fossa with etiologies includ- tibia with a tendinous insertion on There was an immediate onset of ing popliteus muscle rupture, mass the lateral femoral condyle anterior posterior knee pain, but it resolved lesion, or anomalous course of the and inferior to the lateral collateral over several hours. During the 2 gastrocnemius.1-9 When masses, ligament insertion.10-13 The poplit- days prior to emergency depart- fibrous bands, or swelling com- eus muscle functions as the primary ment evaluation, he reported wors- press the nerve and vein against the internal rotator of the tibia, unlock- ening posterior leg pain, weakness, rigid soleus arch, clinical symptoms ing the knee during early flexion.14-15 and an inability to bear weight.
[Show full text]