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Unfinished Metropolis Urban Development Manifesto for Berlin- Brandenburg

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Unfinished Metropolis Urban Development Manifesto for Berlin- Brandenburg Unfinished Metropolis Urban Development Manifesto for Berlin- Brandenburg Berlin-Brandenburg, 2020/2021 unvollendete-metropole.de Preamble Development Aspects The centenary of the incorporation of Greater Berlin is a good occasion to look Make the star centre of Potsdam – is a matter for further public dis- back. Today’s metropolis is the product of actions taken over generations, espe- cussion and planning efforts. On the other hand, the cially since the 1880s. Its rich legacy encompasses ruptures, destruction and 1 shine corona pandemic shows how at risk the centres are. expansion, unique and often fascinating places, opportunities and problems. In order to maintain and expand this unique configu- Starting point: Since the late nineteenth century, the ration of centres, an integrated centre development The 100th anniversary of Greater Berlin is also an occasion to look forwards. Greater Berlin area has developed radially, along the programme for Berlin and Brandenburg should be Even and especially in times of a pandamic. Our city, with all its potential, must railway lines and arterial roads. The resulting star prepared and implemented. Complementing the StEP turn to the great challenges of the age: climate change, resource conservation, shape has survived despite the increase in car use programme for Berlin, it should facilitate change of circular economy, social cohesion, digitalisation, sustainable food and agricul- since the 1960s, in part because of city’s divided sta- use, correct negative trends and expand existing ture, diversity of centres, green mobility, inter-state cooperation, political coher- tus during the Cold War. practices (“active urban centres”). ence – all realised in a framework of attractive and resilient urban development. Outlook: Berlin und Brandenburg already have a Maintain and create The paradigm shift towards sustainable, conserving urban development must shared concept for a sustainably growing metropo- be energised, with a broad public debate on the responses to growth and con- lis: The star settlement concept concentrates future 3 socially and functionally traction processes. growth along the star’s rays and discourages sprawl. diverse residential areas This model needs to be made much better known, This Manifesto represents the essence of the “Unfinished Metropolis” proj- more broadly accepted and actively implemented. ect organised by the Architekten- und Ingenieurverein zu Berlin-Brandenburg The delineation of built and green space needs to be Starting point: Over the past 150 years the Berlin re- and its partners (exhibition 100 Years of Urban Planning for Greater Berlin, Per- clarified, as does the concrete implementation in ac- gion has experienced all kinds of housing policies spectives from Europe, results of the International Urban Planning Competition tionable plans and real development. Institutional with all kinds of results –and changing reputations for Berlin-Brandenburg 2070, Metropolengespräche, BB2070 – Magazine for and processual efforts and effective instruments are over time. The outcomes include high-density neigh- needed, including municipal-level planning (with bourhoods, highly dispersed settlements and much urban planning and urban living). land use plans) and determinations supporting ur- in-between. The inter-war modernist developments We use the term “urban development” in a broad sense extending beyond banisation of settlements within the settlement star in Berlin and Brandenburg supplied high-quality the concrete structures of the metropolis. It also encompasses the political, and maintenance and restoration of landscape out- housing at affordable prices, while the private sector social and cultural conditions under which construction occurs, the actors that side it. continues to bring forth exemplary projects. Housing influence the process – planners, developers and their opponents – and finally is a special kind of commodity that requires public care and attention. the impacts and messages of the buildings themselves. Construction also af- Reinforce and expand fects the configuration of public space, the architectural design of our spatial 2 centres and their variety Outlook: The biggest challenges are energy moder- environment. As such, urban development also comprises the relations of nisation in the existing housing stock, creating new production, the production process and the city as product, with the emphasis Starting point: Because it was incorporated compara- affordable housing to architectural and planning tively late (1920), Greater Berlin retains a unique ab- standards, preserving and creating appropriate di- on the latter. undance of centres of various forms and sizes, with versity, and preventing urban sprawl. This also me- We regard this Manifesto as a contribution to the much-needed discussion different development trajectories. Brandenburg also ans strengthening and densifying the existing and about future urban planning in Berlin and Brandenburg. It is addressed in the possesses a multitude of splendid centres. concentrating new developments on brownfield sites first place to the policy-makers responsible for making the key decisions, but within the overall framework of the star-shaped city. also to civil society, business and academia. In that sense it is both medium Outlook: A multiplicity of centres is enormously ad- Especially in Brandenburg, the conversion of disused vantageous for a sustainable metropolis. The centres military sites to housing is a stand-out feature. and message. themselves are subject to structural transformation processes, for example affecting retailing, office space and housing. In this context the future of the three principal centres – historical Mitte, City West, and the Expand rail Conserve, maintain Integrate major new rules, cooperation or publicly owned enterprises – over a regularly reassessed spectrum of public services. The 4 transport 6 and expand green and 8 projects sensitively into objective is a new, stable form of cooperation between open space the existing city strong municipalities and a respected private sector. Starting point: Rail transport has powered Berlin’s growth – within and beyond its limits – for 150 years. Starting point: The Berlin region possesses a rich and Starting point: Greater Berlin has been shaped by ma- Take the city’s role as Very early on, the radial lines were joined by the ring diverse landscape (even if some has been lost to car- jor transport infrastructure, in particular airports and railway and, following Berlin’s division, by the outer driven development): green streets and squares, parks, railway stations, as well as industrial and military fa- 10 capital seriously railway ring. allotments and cemeteries, lakes and waterways, fo- cilities. Each following their own location logic, they rests and farmland. Berlin is proud of its green World have configured the costs and benefits of the metro- Starting point: The German state as a whole has left Outlook: The underground, urban and regional net- Cultural Heritage and its tradition of exemplary care polis. But new projects have redistributed forces in powerful traces in the city, especially in the former and works are operating at their capacity and frequency of its historic gardens. the region: the post-reunification reconfiguration of current government districts Schlossareal, Wilhelms- limits. Expansion of the tram network is slow. Full use the airports and major railway stations, as well as ex- trasse and Spreebogen. Berlin was never a universally must be made of any reserves. The growing metropo- Outlook: Adequate funding and personnel need to be pansive developments at the EUREF Campus, in Jo- appreciated capital city within Germany. In the 1990s lis requires more rail transport: Regional, overground, secured for the maintenance and development of ur- hannisthal/Adlershof, in Potsdam, in Ludwigsfelde Berlin gained a reputation abroad as a cheerful, tolerant underground trains and trams as appropriate, exten- ban green space and natural landscapes, in order to and in many other Brandenburg municipalities. and extremely attractive destination, even if the newly ding outside the city limits. This includes well-desi- satisfy growing expectations and meet the challen- reunified state was not always looked upon so favoura- gned transport hubs enabling smooth intermodality. ges of climate change. Inner city streets and squares Outlook: This dynamic development continues, with bly. Germans of all ages have warmed to Berlin too, since The connectivity of the outer railway ring needs to be must be regreened and adapted to cope with expan- major projects at Südkreuz, in Siemensstadt, at the the Love Parades and Christo’s Wrapped Reichstag. utilised in accord with the star paradigm, and the be- ding demands. Regional parks must be strengthened former Airport Tegel, in Grünheide and so on. Since nefits and feasibility of another rail ring further out (also institutionally) as a central element of the sett- the departure of the last Russian forces in 1994, their Outlook: Berlin needs an active capital-city policy, a should be investigated. A new mobility culture will re- lement star promoting regional identity, recreation, enormous military sites have gradually been repur- point neglected when Greater Berlin was established quire a strategic partnership between the two states, leisure and contact with nature. Sustainable regional posed and still offer great potential. Integrating these in 1920. The federal government and
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