Gadamer and the Hermeneutics of Difference
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A Guide to Deconstruction
A GUIDE TO DECONSTRUCTION January 2003 Prepared by: Bradley Guy, Associate Director University of Florida Center for Construction and Environment M. E. Rinker, Sr., School of Building Construction College of Design, Construction and Planning 101 FAC PO Box 115703 Gainesville, FL 32611-5703 [email protected] And Eleanor M. Gibeau, Environmental Specialist Resource Management Group, Inc. 1143 Central Avenue Sarasota, FL 34236 [email protected] This “Guide for Deconstruction” was made possible by a grant to Charlotte County Florida from the Florida Department of Environmental Protection Innovative Recycling Grant Program. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction.........................................................................................................7 Deconstruction Overview...................................................................................9 Safety First ...................................................................................................................9 Survey ..........................................................................................................................9 Environmental Health and Compliance ........................................................................9 Asbestos Abatement ..................................................................................................10 Contracts and Specifications......................................................................................10 Historic Preservation ..................................................................................................10 -
'New Era' Should Have Ended US Debate on Beijing's Ambitions
Testimony before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Hearing on “A ‘China Model?’ Beijing’s Promotion of Alternative Global Norms and Standards” March 13, 2020 “How Xi Jinping’s ‘New Era’ Should Have Ended U.S. Debate on Beijing’s Ambitions” Daniel Tobin Faculty Member, China Studies, National Intelligence University and Senior Associate (Non-resident), Freeman Chair in China Studies, Center for Strategic and International Studies Senator Talent, Senator Goodwin, Honorable Commissioners, thank you for inviting me to testify on China’s promotion of alternative global norms and standards. I am grateful for the opportunity to submit the following statement for the record. Since I teach at National Intelligence University (NIU) which is part of the Department of Defense (DoD), I need to begin by making clear that all statements of fact and opinion below are wholly my own and do not represent the views of NIU, DoD, any of its components, or of the U.S. government. You have asked me to discuss whether China seeks an alternative global order, what that order would look like and aim to achieve, how Beijing sees its future role as differing from the role the United States enjoys today, and also to address the parts played respectively by the Party’s ideology and by its invocation of “Chinese culture” when talking about its ambitions to lead the reform of global governance.1 I want to approach these questions by dissecting the meaning of the “new era for socialism with Chinese characteristics” Xi Jinping proclaimed at the Communist Party of China’s 19th National Congress (afterwards “19th Party Congress”) in October 2017. -
Phenomenology As Philosophy and Method Applications to Ways of Doing Special Education
Phenomenology As Philosophy and Method Applications to Ways of Doing Special Education JEAN C. McPHAIL ABSTRACT 1 HENOMENOLOGY IS A PHILOSOPHICAL MOVEMENT The theoretical positions of the preceding two texts THAT APPROACHES THE STUDY OF HUMAN BEINGS AND THEIR create significantly different orientations to the life worlds CULTURE DIFFERENTLY FROM THE LOGICAL POSITIVIST MODEL of people. The quote by Merleau-Ponty describes the USED IN THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND IN SPECIAL EDUCA- essential focus of the phenomenological movement in TION. PHENOMENOLOGISTS VIEW THE APPLICATION OF THE philosophy—human consciousness. The Individualized Edu- LOGICAL POSITIVIST MODEL TO THE STUDY OF HUMAN BEINGS cation Program written for a 13-year-old young man with AS INAPPROPRIATE BECAUSE THE MODEL DOES NOT ADDRESS learning disabilities characterizes the prevalent view of THE UNIQUENESS OF HUMAN LIFE. IN THIS ARTICLE, THE individuals working in the field of special education—an THEORETICAL ASSUMPTIONS AND METHODOLOGICAL orientation directed toward changing the behavior of indi- ORIENTATIONS OF PHENOMENOLOGY ARE DISCUSSED, viduals with disabilities. Whereas phenomenology privi- FOLLOWED BY THEIR APPLICATIONS TO WAYS OF DOING leges the nature of the meanings that people construct in RESEARCH IN SPECIAL EDUCATION. their lives and that guide their actions, special education focuses on the study and practice of behavioral change outside the context of the life meanings of individuals with disabilities. The shift that Bruner (1990) described in the early stages of the cognitive revolution from an emphasis on the "construction of meaning to the processing of mean- P. HENOMENOLOGY IS AN INVENTORY OF CON- ing" (p. 4) aptly characterizes the essential differences JLsciousness HEN( as of that wherein a universe resides. -
The Transition from Studying Philosophy to Doing Philosophy
Teaching Philosophy 34:3, September 2011 241 The Transition from Studying Philosophy to Doing Philosophy JOHN RUDISILL The College of Wooster Abstract: In this paper I articulate a minimal conception of the idea of doing philosophy that informs a curriculum and pedagogy for producing students who are capable of engaging in philosophical activity and not just competent with a specific domain of knowledge. The paper then relates, by way of back- ground, the departmental assessment practices that have played a vital role in the development of my department’s current curriculum and in particular in the design of a junior-year seminar in philosophical research required of all majors. After a brief survey of the learning theory literature that has informed its design, I share the content of this junior-year seminar. In the paper’s conclusion I provide some initial data that indicates our approach to curriculum and pedagogy has had a positive impact on student achievement with respect to reaching the learning goals associated with “doing” as opposed to “merely studying” philosophy. 1. Introduction Capstone projects are common among liberal arts colleges and fre- quently carry an expectation that the final product demonstrates the student’s achievement of becoming a budding biologist, historian, sociologist, philosopher and so on. Even without a formal capstone requirement, I would hope that my philosophy students could—as they finish their undergraduate studies—demonstrate such an achievement. This is because the full set of benefits made available by an education in philosophy includes but extends well beyond knowledge of the history of philosophy and mastery of a philosophical lexicon. -
Beauvoir on Gender, Oppression, and Freedom
24.01: Classics of Western Philosophy Beauvoir on Gender, Oppression, and Freedom 1. Introduction: Simone de Beauvoir (1908-1986) Beauvoir was born in Paris and studied philosophy at the Sorbonne. She passed exams for Certificates in History of Philosophy, General Philosophy, Greek, and Logic in 1927, and in 1928, in Ethics, Sociology, and Psychology. She wrote a graduate diplôme (equivalent to an MA thesis) on Leibniz. Her peers included Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Claude Lévi-Strauss, and Jean-Paul Sartre. In 1929, she took second place in the highly competitive philosophy agrégation exam, barely losing to Jean-Paul Sartre who took first (it was his second attempt at the exam). At 21 years of age, Beauvoir was the youngest student ever to pass the exam. She taught in high school from 1929-1943, and then supported herself on her writings, and co-editorship of Le Temps Modernes. She is known for her literary writing, and her philosophical work in existentialism, ethics, and feminism. She published The Second Sex in 1949. 2. Gender ‘One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman. No biological, psychological or economic fate determines the future that the human female presents in society.’ (II.iv.1) A. What is a woman? “Tota mulier in utero: she is a womb,” some say. Yet speaking of certain women, the experts proclaim, “They are not women,” even though they have a uterus like the others. Everyone agrees there are females in the human species; today, as in the past, they make up about half of humanity; and yet we are told that “femininity is in jeopardy”; we are urged, “Be women, stay women, become women.” So not every female human being is necessarily a woman… (23) So there seems to be a sort of contradiction in our ordinary understanding of women: not every female is a woman, otherwise they would not be exhorted to be women. -
The Path of the Hermeneutic-Ontological Shift and the Decolonial Shift
\\server05\productn\N\NVJ\10-3\NVJ303.txt unknown Seq: 1 26-OCT-10 9:00 HERMENEUTICS—THE PATH OF THE HERMENEUTIC-ONTOLOGICAL SHIFT AND THE DECOLONIAL SHIFT Celso Luiz Ludwig* The purpose of the reflections that follow is to highlight the meaning and importance of the hermeneutic shift produced by the work of Gadamer, to con- sider some of his themes and categories, and to extend the meaning of this hermeneutic rationality to the legal field in terms of a new conception of inter- pretation. A second objective is to catch sight of new theoretical perspectives, having as a starting point the unfolding of practical philosophy into hermeneu- tic philosophy carried out by Gadamer. This article aims at recuperating, among other things, the fundamental hermeneutic problem, so as to obtain a glimpse into the possibility of new theoretical prospects (just as Aristotle’s pro- posed division of philosophy into practical and theoretical generated new theo- retical perspectives for Gadamer). However, this objective will not be developed in-depth in its concepts and categories, but only suggested in the final paragraph. I. PHILOSOPHICAL CONTEXT The philosophical context of the hermeneutic philosophy of Hans-Georg Gadamer can be situated within what is called “linguistic turn.” The “turn” in question can be understood as a paradigm change, as that term is articulated by Thomas Kuhn. This paradigm change, which was welcomed by philosophy to classify its own history, led to the paradigm of language in the second half of the twentieth century, after going through the paradigm of the being (the onto- logical paradigm) and the paradigm of the subject (the paradigm of conscious- ness). -
A Philosophical Analysis of Otherness in Nietzsche's Thus Spoke Zarathustra Max W
Bucknell University Bucknell Digital Commons Honors Theses Student Theses Spring 2018 A Philosophical Analysis of Otherness in Nietzsche's Thus Spoke Zarathustra Max W. Fathauer Bucknell University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.bucknell.edu/honors_theses Part of the Ethics and Political Philosophy Commons Recommended Citation Fathauer, Max W., "A Philosophical Analysis of Otherness in Nietzsche's Thus Spoke Zarathustra" (2018). Honors Theses. 466. https://digitalcommons.bucknell.edu/honors_theses/466 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses at Bucknell Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Bucknell Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. iii A PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF OTHERNESS IN NIETZSCHE’S THUS SPOKE ZARATHUSTRA by Max Fathauer A Thesis Submitted to the Honors Council For Honors in Philosophy May 9th, 2018 Adviser: James Mark Shields Department Chair: Sheila Lintott iv v Acknowledgment For Patrick, Mukta, Parker, Taylor, Emily, Greg vi Contents Abbreviations vii Abstract viii Introduction 1 Chapter One: Key Moments of Otherness in Zarathustra's Journey 6 Chapter Two: Nietzschean Conceptualizations of Otherness 22 Chapter Three: Rethinking the Nietzschean Concepts of ‘Self’ and ‘Will to Power’ 42 Conclusion 61 Bibliography 65 vii Abbreviations The following abbreviations are used throughout this paper. When citing a work by Nietzsche, numerals refer not to pages but to his own section (and sometimes subsection) numbers. BGE Beyond Good and Evil D Daybreak GM On the Genealogy of Morals GS The Gay Science TSZ Thus Spoke Zarathustra UM Untimely Meditations WP The Will to Power viii Abstract Bertrand Russell infamously characterizes Nietzsche as a philosopher concerned solely with the flourishing individual. -
210 the Genesis of Neo-Kantianism
SYNTHESIS PHILOSOPHICA Book Reviews / Buchbesprechungen 61 (1/2016) pp. (207–220) 210 doi: 10.21464/sp31116 of his book is that the movement’s origins are to be found already in the 1790s, in the Frederick Charles Beiser works of Jakob Friedrich Fries, Johann Frie- drich Herbart, and Friedrich Eduard Beneke. They constitute “the lost tradition” which pre- The Genesis of served the “empiricist-psychological” side of Neo-Kantianism Kant’s thought, his dualisms, and things-in- themselves against the excessive speculative idealism of Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel who Oxford University Press, tried to rehabilitate the dogmatic rationalist Oxford 2014 metaphysics of Spinoza, Leibniz, and Wolff after Kant’s critical project. Frederick Charles Beiser, professor of phi- The first chapter of the first part (pp. 23–88) losophy at Syracuse University (USA) whose is concerned with the philosophy of Fries field of expertise is the modern German phi- who tried to base philosophy on empirical losophy, is one of the most erudite historians psychology, and epistemology on psychol- of philosophy today. His first book The Fate ogy which could recognize the synthetic a of Reason: German Philosophy from Kant priori but not prove it. His book Reinhold, to Fichte (1987) didn’t only present a fresh Fichte und Schelling (1803) saw the history account of German philosophy at the end of of philosophy after Kant as the “struggle of th the 18 century, but it also introduced a new rationalism to free itself from the limits of method of historical research. His more re- the critique”. In his political philosophy Fries cent works, starting with The German His- was an anti-Semite, but gave the leading role toricist Tradition (2011) until the most recent to public opinion which could correct even Weltschmerz: Pessimism in German Philoso- the ruler, although he encountered problems phy, 1860–1900 (2016), have focused on the in trying to reconcile his liberal views with th main currents of the 19 century German the social injustice that liberalism created. -
Atheistic and Christian Existentialism: a Comparison of Sartre and Marcel Thomas C
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications Philosophy, Department of 8-1-2010 Atheistic and Christian Existentialism: A Comparison of Sartre and Marcel Thomas C. Anderson Marquette University, [email protected] Accepted version. "Atheistic and Christian Existentialism: A Comparison of Sartre and Marcel," in New Perspectives in Sartre. Eds. Adrian Mirvish and Adrian van den Hoven. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2010: 44-63. Publisher link, © 2010 Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Used with permission. NOT THE PUBLISHED VERSION; this is the author’s final, peer-reviewed manuscript. The published version may be accessed by following the link in the citation at the bottom of the page. Atheistic and Christian Existentialism: A Comparison of Sartre and Marcel Thomas C. Anderson Department of Philosophy, Marquette University Milwaukee, WI In Existentialism and Humanism Jean-Paul Sartre states that there are “two kinds of existentialists,” the atheistic, in which he includes himself, and the Christian, among whom he includes his fellow countryman Gabriel Marcel.1 Needless to say, these two existentialists significantly disagree on many things and yet, surprisingly, they also have notable areas of agreement, as we shall see. The purpose of this paper is to compare the views of the two men on a number of important philosophical issues. My comparison is aided by the fact that Sartre and Marcel knew each other personally and occasionally directly commented in writing on each other’s ideas. First, some information about their history and personal relationship. Both men were born, Marcel in 1889, Sartre in 1905, and for the most part lived and wrote in Paris. -
Kant, Neo-Kantianism, and Phenomenology Sebastian Luft Marquette University, [email protected]
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications Philosophy, Department of 7-1-2018 Kant, Neo-Kantianism, and Phenomenology Sebastian Luft Marquette University, [email protected] Published version. Oxford Handbook of the History of Phenomenology (07/18). DOI. © 2018 Oxford University Press. Used with permission. Kant, Neo-Kantianism, and Phenomenology Kant, Neo-Kantianism, and Phenomenology Sebastian Luft The Oxford Handbook of the History of Phenomenology Edited by Dan Zahavi Print Publication Date: Jun 2018 Subject: Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind, History of Western Philosophy (Post-Classical) Online Publication Date: Jul 2018 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755340.013.5 Abstract and Keywords This chapter offers a reassessment of the relationship between Kant, the Kantian tradi tion, and phenomenology, here focusing mainly on Husserl and Heidegger. Part of this re assessment concerns those philosophers who, during the lives of Husserl and Heidegger, sought to defend an updated version of Kant’s philosophy, the neo-Kantians. The chapter shows where the phenomenologists were able to benefit from some of the insights on the part of Kant and the neo-Kantians, but also clearly points to the differences. The aim of this chapter is to offer a fair evaluation of the relation of the main phenomenologists to Kant and to what was at the time the most powerful philosophical movement in Europe. Keywords: Immanuel Kant, neo-Kantianism, Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger, Marburg School of neo-Kantian ism 3.1 Introduction THE relation between phenomenology, Kant, and Kantian philosophizing broadly con strued (historically and systematically), has been a mainstay in phenomenological re search.1 This mutual testing of both philosophies is hardly surprising given phenomenology’s promise to provide a wholly novel type of philosophy. -
Nietzsche's Conception of Friendship
The University of Notre Dame Australia ResearchOnline@ND Theses 2007 Nietzsche’s Conception of Friendship Ryan C. Kinsella University of Notre Dame Australia Follow this and additional works at: https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/theses Part of the Philosophy Commons COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Copyright Regulations 1969 WARNING The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice. Publication Details Kinsella, R. C. (2007). Nietzsche’s Conception of Friendship (Master of Philosophy (MPhil)). University of Notre Dame Australia. https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/theses/14 This dissertation/thesis is brought to you by ResearchOnline@ND. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of ResearchOnline@ND. For more information, please contact [email protected]. - 1- Nietzsche’s Conception of Friendship A Master of Philosophy dissertation by Ryan Kinsella University of Notre Dame Australia, July 2007 Dr. Marc Fellman, Internal Advisor, University of Notre Dame Australia Dr. Jeff Gauthier, External Advisor, University of Portland - 2- Table of Contents Introduction 5 Chapter One – Nietzsche and Friendship 14 A. Passages on Friendship 15 B. Friends as his Intended Audience 20 C. Nietzsche’s Friends 24 Chapter Two – Nietzsche’s Conception of Friendship 33 A. Human Being as Animal 34 B. Relationships and the Development of the Human Being 40 C. Nietzsche’s Conception of Friendship 44 D. Self-Interestedness and Instrumentality 55 E. Solitude 64 F. Unhealthy Friendship 69 Chapter Three – Friendship and Morality 73 A. -
Marburg Neo-Kantianism As Philosophy of Culture
SamanthaMatherne (Santa Cruz) Marburg Neo-Kantianism as Philosophy of Culture 1Introduction Although Ernst Cassirer is correctlyregarded as one of the foremost figures in the Neo-Kantian movement thatdominated Germanyfrom 1870 – 1920,specifying ex- actlywhat his Neo-Kantianism amountstocan be achallenge. Not onlymustwe clarify what his commitments are as amember of the so-called MarburgSchool of Neo-Kantianism, but also giventhe shift between his earlyphilosophyof mathematics and naturalscience to his later philosophyofculture, we must con- sider to what extent he remained aMarburgNeo-Kantian throughout his career. With regard to the first task, it is typical to approach the MarburgSchool, which was foundedbyHermann Cohen and Paul Natorp, by wayofacontrast with the otherdominant school of Neo-Kantianism, the Southwest or Baden School, founded by Wilhelm Windelband and carried forward by Heinrich Rick- ert and Emil Lask. The going assumption is that these two schools were ‘rivals’ in the sense that the MarburgSchool focused exclusively on developing aKantian approach to mathematical natural sciences(Naturwissenschaften), while the Southwest School privileged issues relatingtonormativity and value, hence their primary focus on the humanities (Geisteswissenschaften). If one accepts this ‘scientist’ interpretation of the MarburgSchool, one is tempted to read Cas- sirer’searlywork on mathematicsand natural science as orthodoxMarburgNeo- Kantianism and to then regardhis laterwork on the philosophyofculture as a break from his predecessors, veeringcloser