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Country Office Annual Report 2020 COUNTRY OFFICE ANNUAL REPORT 2020 KAZAKHSTAN DECEMBER 2020 Contents Part 1: Situation update in the country...........................................................................................................5 Part 2: Major results..................................................................................................................................................11 Every child thrives and survives........................................................................................................................13 Every child learns.................................................................................................................................................13 Every child is protected from violence and exploitation..............................................................................17 Every child lives in a safe and clean environment........................................................................................19 Every child has an equitable chance in life.....................................................................................................19 Cross-cutting work..............................................................................................................................................20 Part 3: Partnerships....................................................................................................................................................21 Part 4: Innovations and lessons learned.......................................................................................................25 Cover photograph: 1st grade student Artyom with his classmates during a Kazakh lesson, secondary school No. 6 of Batpak village, Karaganda region. © UNICEF Kazakhstan/2020/Valeriy Kaliyev A UniSat project participant is watching how the just-launched nanosatellite is flying to the stratosphere. © UNICEF Kazakhstan/2020/Ruslan Kostrykin PART 1 Situation update in the country Part 1: Situation update in the country In 2020, the global COVID-19 pandemic and global enterprises, agroindustry, and infrastructure as well as domestic economic developments development. However, the implementation of have strongly impacted the situation of children these measures by the state did not lead to full and their families. The first cases of COVID-19 compensation for the decrease in incomes of infection were registered in March 2020, citizens. The Government expects that average prompting President Tokayev to declare a state annual growth of the economy in 2020-2024 will of emergency, occurring against the backdrop of not exceed 3.0%. According to the National Bank a global economic slump and low prices of key of Kazakhstan, 2-2.3% GDP reduction in 2020 was commodities such as oil and gas, which continue expected mainly due to the slump in oil prices and to drive Kazakhstan’s export, economy and contraction of the local economy. revenue mobilisation. External shocks provoked To ease households’ economic hardship, over a weakening of the national currency. As a result 1 million low-income families and socially of the lockdowns imposed to curb the spread vulnerable people, including people with 3rd grade student Yuriy poses of COVID-19, the domestic economy suffered. disabilities, were provided with food baskets and Many Kazakhstanis lost their livelihoods, which essential commodities, and over 21.2% of the for a photo before entering the led to a drop in aggregate demand. As part of population received cash transfers amounting the anti-crisis package, the Government allocated classroom at secondary school to the monthly minimum wage. Already in US$14.5 billion as a response to the economic January 2020 the Government launched reforms No. 6 of Batpak village. recession due to COVID-19 to provide employment targeting families with four and more children. and income protection measures for the As a result, by December 439,000 large families © UNICEF Kazakhstan/2020/Valeriy Kaliyev affected population, support small and medium received universal monthly benefits that were 6 ANNUAL REPORT 2020 proportionally linked to the number of children in a of stable connectivity to internet, IT equipment household; 184,662 low-income families (936,189 and insufficient digital literacy. This resulted in persons, including 496,126 female) were covered substantial learning losses and further worsening by targeted social assistance, and over 550,000 of students’ functional illiteracy from 64% to 67% children received in kind support, such as food The rate of maternal for Kazakhstan. deaths increased products and essential commodities, or its cash threefold equivalent. Due to COVID-19, children of all ages struggled with difficult emotions, such as The COVID-19 lockdown disrupted access anxiety, loneliness and disappointment to health services, including immunization, due to school closures and separation counselling on breastfeeding and nutrition of from friends and relatives negatively pregnant women and other services. The rate of maternal deaths increased threefold up to 44.6 impacting their mental health. The lockdown per 100,000 live births for 9 months of 2020. exacerbated domestic violence and online ONLY The UN-led assessment of the socio-economic bullying of children. According to the rapid impact of the pandemic on children showed assessment, 15.3% respondents noted that 73% of children under one that medical services were not accessible for they had heard of or experienced an increase received vaccinations 56 per cent of those in need, and it was higher in cases of domestic violence since the against measles for children with disability at 60.3 per cent. The beginning of the spread of COVID-19. The Ministry of Health temporarily suspended ‘2020-2023 Roadmap for Strengthening routine immunization at PHC level from 1 April Protection of Children, Addressing Domestic till 11 May 2020. As of December 2020, 73% of Violence and Preventing Suicides Among children under one received measles containing Adolescents’ was adopted in March 2020. vaccines - considerably below traditional vaccination coverage rates. In 2020, the Commissioner for Child Rights Students’ functional continued independent monitoring of closed illiteracy grew from For the latter part of the 2019-2020 academic residential institutions for children, the findings year and the beginning of the current academic of which are publicly available at www.bala- to year, the education system mostly operated ombudsman.kz. Grave violations of child rights 64% 67% on a remote basis from pre-school to tertiary including physical and sexual abuse, medical levels. Lack of a unified platform and low speed ill-treatment, and neglect were identified. of internet hindered the effective organization of e-learning. Remote rural schools had lack ANNUAL REPORT 2020 7 In collaboration with the European Union, UNICEF brought a shipment of over 300,000 ampoules of dexamethasone and 2,000 pulse oximeters to Kazakhstan, to supply healthcare facilities in all 17 regions of the country. © UNICEF Kazakhstan/2020/Zhanara Karimova 8 ANNUAL REPORT 2020 Due to lockdowns, many migrants lost their jobs services from 18 to 16 and raised the minimum as a result of the economic slump and closure age of legal access to tobacco products from of Kazakhstan’s borders made it hard for them 18 to 21. It also prohibited advertisement of to return to their countries of origin. As a result, breastmilk substitutes, and ensured conditions approximately 3,000 migrants of Tajik and Uzbek for breastfeeding mothers at the workplace, nationalities were stranded at the Kazakhstan- adequate maternity leave and breastfeeding Uzbekistan border in early July, 25 per cent of hours. According to the new Code, a child born this group were women and children. Migrants’ to an HIV-infected mother with an unspecified average stay at the border has varied from a few diagnosis can have continuous monitoring and days to several weeks with bad conditions and provision of free ARV medicines. The Code also limited access to water and sanitation facilities. stipulated mandatory flour fortification and salt iodization. To reinforce policy reforms, the Supreme Presidential Council for Reforms and Agency on Strategic Planning and Reforms were 3,000 MIGRANTS established in September and the UNICEF were stranded at the Kazakhstan- Representative became a member of the Expert Uzbekistan border Committee of the Council. With UNICEF support, the Government started the development of the Social Code, which has to include new social policy approaches: proactive and integrated social services, and A National roadmap on provision of services improvement of social workforce status. to Children with Disabilities for 2020-2023 was adopted by the Government. The President of Kazakhstan requested A student of Kozhakeldy Batyr School, Government to develop and implement the The President signed a new Health Code for Child Well-Being Index, as a national monitoring 2020-2025 decreasing the minimum age Aksuat village, East-Kazakhstan region, mechanism to track the effectiveness of the at which adolescents can seek confidential national policy on improving the situation of disinfects his hands with sanitizer. medical, psychosocial and reproductive health children at both national and sub-national levels. © UNICEF Kazakhstan/2020/Zhanara Karimova ANNUAL REPORT 2020 9 Zhaniya, 14, after the launch of a nanosatellite to the stratosphere, Almaty region. © UNICEF Kazakhstan/2020/Ruslan Kostrykin PART 2 Major
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