DOCSLIB.ORG

List of Works Cited

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

List of Works Cited This is a simple list of the works quoted or mentioned in the foregoing text or notes. Where a work not originally written in English has been translated, the best available English edition is the one listed; otherwise, the best available edition in the original language. I Francesco Balducci Pegolotti, ed. A. Evans: La practica della merca­ tura, Cambridge, Mass., 1936. H. Yule, ed.: Cathay and the Way Thither, 3 vols., znd edn, London, 1913-16. Marco Polo, ed. A. C. Moule and Paul Pelliot: The Description of the World, 2 vols., London, 1938. Pierre d'Ailly, trans. Edwin F. Keever: Imago Mundi, Wilmington N.C., 1948. Joannes de Sacro Bosco (John of Holywood), ed. Joaquin Bensaude: "Tractado da sphera do mundo," in Regimento do astrolabio e do quadrante, Munich, 1914. (Facsimile edition of the unique Munich copy of the earliest printed navigation manual.) Claudius Ptolemaeus, ed. and trans. E. L. Stevenson: The Geography of Claudius Ptolemy, New York, 1932. Roger Bacon, ed. and trans. Robert B. Burke: Opus majus, Oxford, 1928. Ibn Battuta, ed. and trans. H. A. R. Gibb: The Travels of Ibn Battuta, vols. I and II, Cambridge, 1958-62. II Malcolm Letts, ed. and trans.: Mandeville's Travels, Texts and Transla­ tions, 2 vols., London, 1953. ]66 LIST OF WORKS CITED R. H. Major, ed.: India in the Fifteenth Century, London, I857: "The travels of Nicolo de' Conti ... as related by Poggio Bracciolini, in his work entitled Historia de varietate fortunae, Lib IV." III Gomes Eannes de Azurara, ed. Charles Raymond Beazley and Edgar Prestage. The Chronicle of the Discovery and Conquest of Guinea, 2 vols., London, I 896. G. R. Crone, ed.: The Voyages of Cadamosto, London, I937· Duarte Pacheco Pereira, ed. and trans. George H. T. Kimble: Es­ meralda de situ orbis, London, I937· IV E. G. Ravenstein, ed. and trans.: A Journal of the First Voyage of Vas co da Gama, London, I 898. Joiio de Barros, ed. Antonio Baiiio: Decadas, 4 vols., Lisbon, I945-6. Damiiio de Gois: Cr6nica do Serinissimo Senhor Rei Dom Manoel, 4 vols., Coimbra, I926. G. Ferrand: Introduction a l'astronomie nautique arabe, Paris, I928. T. A. Shumovskii, trans. M. Malkiel-Jirmounsky: Tres roteiros descon­ hecidos de Ahmad ibn-Madjid, o piloto arabe de Vas co da Gama, Lisbon, I 960. Ludovico di Varthema, trans. J. W. Jones, ed. R. C. Temple: The Itinerary of Ludovico di V arthema of Bologna from 1502 to 1508, London, I928. Duarte Barbosa, ed. and trans. Mansel Longworth Dames: The Book of Duarte Barbosa, 2 vols., London, I 9 I8-2 I. v Tome Pires, ed. and trans. Armando Cortesiio: Suma Oriental, 2 vols., London, 1944 (includes also The Book of Francisco Rodrigues). Giovanni Battista Ramusio: Delle navigationi e viaggi, 3 vols., Venice, I55o-59· D. Ferguson, ed. and trans.: "Letters from Portuguese captives in Can­ ton," The Indian Antiquary, XXXI, January 1902. C. R. Boxer: The Christian Century in Japan, 154 g-16 50, Berkeley, I95 I. LIST OF WORKS CITED VI Christopher Columbus, trans. Cecil Jane, ed. L. A. Vigneras, The Journal of Christopher Columbus, London, I96o. Martin Fernandez de Navarrete: Colecci6n de los viages y descub­ rimientos, que hicieron por mar los Espafzoles, 5 vols., Buenos Aires, I945-6. Raccolta di documenti e studi pubblicati dalla R. Commissione Colom­ biana, per il quarto centenario della scoperta delf America, I 3 vols., Rome, I 892-6. [The standard collection of Columbus material.] Pietro Martyr d'Anghiera, ed. and trans. F. A. McNutt: De orbe novo, 2 vols., New York, I9I2. G. Caraci: "Questioni e polemiche Vespucciane," Memorie Geogra- fiche, vol. II (I955) and vol. III (I956). Fracanzano de Montalboddo: Paesi novamente retrovati, Vicenza, I 507. Frederick]. Pohl: Amerigo Vespucci, Pilot Major, New York, I944· Bernal Diaz del Castillo, ed. and trans. Arthur Percival Maudslay: The True History of the Conquest of New Spain, 5 vols., New London, I 890. Hernando Cortes, ed. and trans. ]. Bayard Morris: Five Letters 151 g- 1f26, London, I928. Francisco Lopez de G6mara, ed. and trans. Lesley Byrd Simpson: Cortes, The Life of the Conqueror by His Secretary, Berkeley, I964. Clements R. Markham, ed. and trans.: Reports of the Discovery of Peru, London, I872. Miguel de Estete ( Astete), Carlos M. Larrea, ed.: "El descubrimiento y la conquista del Peru," Boletin de la Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Estudios Hist6ricos Americanos, vol. I ( I9I8). George P. Hammond and Agapito Rey, ed. and trans.: Narratives of the Coronado expedition 1540-1542, Albuquerque, 1940. Garcilaso de la Vega, el Inca, trans. Harold V. Livermore: The Royal Commentaries of the Incas and the General History of Peru, 2 vols., Austin, 1966. Bartoleme de las Casas, ed. A. Millares Carlo, intro. L. Hanke: Historia de las Indias, Mexico, 1951. Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas, trans. John Stevens: The General History of America, 6 vols., London, I725. ]68 LIST OF WORKS CITED VII Gonzalo Fernandez de Oviedo, ed. Juan Perez de Tudela Bueso: Historia general y natural de las Indias, 5 vols., Madrid, 1959. Antonio Pigafetta, ed. and trans. James Alexander Robertson: Magel­ lan's Voyage Around the World, 3 vols., Cleveland, 1906. C. R. Boxer, ed. and trans.: South China in the Sixteenth Century, Being the Narratives of Galeote Pereira, Fr. Gaspar da Cruz, O.P., Fr. Martin de Rada O.E.S.A. ( 155o-1575), London, 1953. VIII J. A. Williamson, ed.: The Cabot Voyages and Bristol Discovery under Henry VII, Cambridge, 1962. R. A. Skelton: Thomas E. Marston and George D. Painter: The Vin­ land Map, New Haven, 1965. D. B. Quinn: "The Argument for the English Discovery of America between 1480 and 1494,'' Geographical Journal, CCXVII (1961), 277-285. H. P. Biggar: Precursors of Jacques Cartier, Ottawa, 1911. I. N. Phelps-Stokes: The Iconography of Manhattan Island, 6 vols., New York, 1915-28, vol. II, 1922. H. P. Biggar, ed. and trans.: The Voyages of Jacques Cartier, Ottawa, 1924. Sit Humphrey Gilbert: "A Discourse of a Discovery for a New Pas­ sage to Cataia," in D. B. Quinn, ed.: The Voyages and Colonis­ ing Enterprises of Sir Humphrey Gilbert, 2 vols., London, 1940. Richard Hakluyt: The Principal Navigations ... of the English Nation, 12 vols., Glasgow, 1903· Richard Collinson, ed.: The Three Voyages of Martin Frobisher, Lon­ don, 1867. IX Strabo: The Geography of Strabo, with an English translation by Horace Leonard Jones, Loeb Classical library, London, 1917. Martin Cortes, trans. Richard Eden: The Arte of Navigation, London, I 561. John Davis: The Seamans Secrets, London, 1955; The Worlds Hydro­ graphical Discription, London, 1595, both in A. H. Markham, ed.: fohn Davis, Voyages and Works, London, 188o. LIST OF WORKS CITED William Bourne, ed. E. G. R. Taylor: A Regiment for the Sea, Cam- bridge, I963. Eugenio de Salazar: Cartas, Madrid, I 866. H. and P. Chaunu: Seville et /'Atlantique, I I vols., Paris, I955· The Africa Pilot, Parts 1-111, London, I929-30. Suggestions for General Reading The great discoveries aroused eager public interest at the time, and books on the subject were among the "bestsellers" of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Accounts of voyages-some of which have been quoted here-descriptions of newly found territories, atlases, pamphlets, and treatises urging exploration and settlement, and general annals of discovery, appeared in great numbers. The work of interpreting this great mass of evidence is still going on, and some of the questions which it raises are still mat­ ters of acute controversy. The story, moreover, is worth retelling, and is constantly retold, for its adventurous excitement as well as for its social, economic, and scientific significance. The resulting literature is enormous, and of very uneven merit. Mention is made here of a small selection of books in English of a general character which may be found suggestive or useful for reference. A general discussion of the whole subject is J. H. Parry. The Age of Reconnaissance (London, I963). J. N. L. Baker. A History of Geographical Discovery and Exploration (London, I937) con­ tains a highly condensed narrative. Interesting and important essays on the discoveries are contained in V. T. Harlow, ed.: Voyages of the Great Pioneers (London, I929) and A. P. Newton, ed.: The Great Age of Discovery (London, I 9 p). B. Penrose: Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance (Cambridge, Mass., I 9 55) is a good narrative of voyages with an excellent survey of the literature. Donald Lach: Asia in the Making of Europe, vol. I, "The Century of Discovery," (Chicago, I965), has an excellent chapter on the spice trade. The best accounts of medieval geographical knowledge are C. R. Beazley: The Dawn of Modern Geography (3 vols., SUGGESTIONS FOR GENERAL READING 371 Oxford, 1896-1906); A. P. Newton, ed.: Travel and Travellers of the Middle Ages (London, 1930); and G. H. T. Kimble: Geog­ raphy in the Middles Ages (London, 1938). On the legacy of clas­ sical geographers, the definitive work is J. 0. Thomson: History of Ancient Geography (Cambridge, 1948). The literature on Ptol­ emy is very large, as might be expected. H. N. Stevens: Ptolemy's Geography (London, 1908) is a descriptive guide to the numer­ ous editions of this work. E. L. Stevenson, ed.: The Geography of Cl{(Udius Ptolemy (New York, 1932) is the best English translation. There is no satisfactory single account of the development of shipping in our period. Most historians of sail concentrate at­ tention on later centuries. For our purposes the best are R. C. Anderson: The Sailing Ship (London, 1926), and G. S. Laird Clowes: Sailing Ships; Their History and Development (2 parts, London, 193 1-6). There is a good chapter on shipbuilding by G.
Recommended publications
  • An Abode of Islam Under a Hindu King: Circuitous Imagination of Kingdoms Among Muslims of Sixteenth-Century Malabar

    An Abode of Islam Under a Hindu King: Circuitous Imagination of Kingdoms Among Muslims of Sixteenth-Century Malabar

    JIOWSJournal of Indian Ocean World Studies An Abode of Islam under a Hindu King: Circuitous Imagination of Kingdoms among Muslims of Sixteenth-Century Malabar Mahmood Kooria To cite this article: Kooria, Mahmood. “An Abode of Islam Under a Hindu King: Circuitous Imagination of Kingdoms among Muslims of Sixteenth-Century Malabar.” Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies, 1 (2017), pp. 89-109. More information about the Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies can be found at: jiows.mcgill.ca © Mahmood Kooria. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Li- cense CC BY NC SA, which permits users to share, use, and remix the material provide they give proper attribu- tion, the use is non-commercial, and any remixes/transformations of the work are shared under the same license as the original. Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies, 1 (2017), pp. 89-109. © Mahmood Kooria, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | 89 An Abode of Islam under a Hindu King: Circuitous Imagination of Kingdoms among Muslims of Sixteenth-Century Malabar Mahmood Kooria* Leiden University, Netherlands ABSTRACT When Vasco da Gama asked the Zamorin (ruler) of Calicut to expel from his domains all Muslims hailing from Cairo and the Red Sea, the Zamorin rejected it, saying that they were living in his kingdom “as natives, not foreigners.” This was a marker of reciprocal understanding between Muslims and Zamorins. When war broke out with the Portuguese, Muslim intellectuals in the region wrote treatises and delivered sermons in order to mobilize their community in support of the Zamorins.
  • The Depictions of the Spice That Circumnavigated the Globe. the Contribution of Garcia De Orta's Colóquios Dos Simples (Goa

    The Depictions of the Spice That Circumnavigated the Globe. the Contribution of Garcia De Orta's Colóquios Dos Simples (Goa

    The depictions of the spice that circumnavigated the globe. The contribution of Garcia de Orta’s Colóquios dos Simples (Goa, 1563) to the construction of an entirely new knowledge about cloves Teresa Nobre de Carvalho1 University of Lisbon Abstract: Cloves have been prized since Ancient times for their agreeable smell and ther- apeutic properties. With the publication of Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas he Cousas Mediçinais da Índia (Goa, 1563), Garcia de Orta (c. 1500-1568) presented the first modern monographic study of cloves. In this analysis I wish to clarify what kind of information about Asian natural resources (cloves in particular) circulated in Europe, from Antiquity until the sixteenth century, and how the Portuguese medical treatises, led to the emer- gence of an innovative botanical discourse about tropical plants in Early Modern Europe. Keywords: cloves; Syzygium aromaticum L; Garcia de Orta; Early Modern Botany; Asian drugs and spices. Imagens da especiaria que circunavegou o globo O contributo dos colóquios dos simples de Garcia de Orta (Goa, 1563) à construção de um conhecimento totalmente novo sobre o cravo-da-índia. Resumo: O cravo-da-Índia foi estimado desde os tempos Antigos por seu cheiro agradável e propriedades terapêuticas. Com a publicação dos Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas, e Cousas Mediçinais da Índia (Goa, 1563), Garcia de Orta (1500-1568) apresentou o primeiro estudo monográfico moderno sobre tal especiaria. Nesta análise, gostaria de esclarecer que tipo de informação sobre os recursos naturais asiáticos (especiarias em particular) circulou na Eu- ropa, da Antiguidade até o século xvi, e como os tratados médicos portugueses levaram ao surgimento de um inovador discurso botânico sobre plantas tropicais na Europa moderna.
  • Secrecy, Ostentation, and the Illustration of Exotic Animals in Sixteenth-Century Portugal

    Secrecy, Ostentation, and the Illustration of Exotic Animals in Sixteenth-Century Portugal

    ANNALS OF SCIENCE, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 2009, 59Á82 Secrecy, Ostentation, and the Illustration of Exotic Animals in Sixteenth-Century Portugal PALMIRA FONTES DA COSTA Unit of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Campus da Caparica, Portugal Received 6 December 2007. Revised paper accepted 5 August 2008 Summary During the first decades of the sixteenth century, several animals described and viewed as exotic by the Europeans were regularly shipped from India to Lisbon. This paper addresses the relevance of these ‘new’ animals to knowledge and visual representations of the natural world. It discusses their cultural and scientific meaning in Portuguese travel literature of the period as well as printed illustrations, charts and tapestries. This paper suggests that Portugal did not make the most of its unique position in bringing news and animals from Asia. This was either because secrecy associated with trade and military interests hindered the diffusion of illustrations presented in Portuguese travel literature or because the illustrations commissioned by the nobility were represented on expensive media such as parchments and tapestries and remained treasured possessions. However, the essay also proposes that the Portuguese contributed to a new sense of the experience and meaning of nature and that they were crucial mediators in access to new knowledge and new ways of representing the natural world during this period. Contents 1. Introduction. ..........................................59 2. The place of exotic animals in Portuguese travel literature . ...........61 3. The place of exotic animals at the Portuguese Court.. ...............70 4. Exotic animals and political influence.
  • Redalyc.Blackness and Heathenism. Color, Theology, and Race in The

    Redalyc.Blackness and Heathenism. Color, Theology, and Race in The

    Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura ISSN: 0120-2456 [email protected] Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia MARCOCCI, GIUSEPPE Blackness and Heathenism. Color, Theology, and Race in the Portuguese World, c. 1450- 1600 Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura, vol. 43, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2016, pp. 33-57 Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá, Colombia Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=127146460002 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Blackness and Heathenism. Color, Theology, and Race in the Portuguese World, c. 1450-1600 doi: 10.15446/achsc.v43n2.59068 Negrura y gentilidad. Color, teología y raza en el mundo portugués, c. 1450-1600 Negrura e gentilidade. Cor, teologia e raça no mundo português, c. 1450-1600 giuseppe marcocci* Università della Tuscia Viterbo, Italia * [email protected] Artículo de investigación Recepción: 25 de febrero del 2016. Aprobación: 30 de marzo del 2016. Cómo citar este artículo Giuseppe Marcocci, “Blackness and Heathenism. Color, Theology, and Race in the Portuguese World, c. 1450-1600”, Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura 43.2: 33-57. achsc * Vol. 43 N.° 2, jul. - dic. 2016 * issN 0120-2456 (impreso) - 2256-5647 (eN líNea) * colombia * págs. 33-58 giuseppe marcocci [34] abstract The coexistence of a process of hierarchy and discrimination among human groups alongside dynamics of cultural and social hybridization in the Portuguese world in the early modern age has led to an intense historiographical debate.
  • 14Th Sakyadhita International Conference for Buddhist Women

    14Th Sakyadhita International Conference for Buddhist Women

    14th Sakyadhita International Conference for Buddhist Women http://www.sakyadhita.org/conferences/14th-si-con/14th-si-con-abstracts... Home Conferences Act Locally Resources Contact Online Resources 14th Sakyadhita International Conference June 23-30, 2015 "Compass ion & Social Justice" Yogyakarta, Indonesia Conference Program* *Please note this program is subject to change. - Bahasa Indonesa Language Program - English Language Program - French Language Program - German Language Program Register for the 14th SI Conference Click here to register for the 14th Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women. 14th SI Conference Brochure Conference Abstracts: Click here to download a brochure for the 2015 SI Conference on Buddhist Women. Additional "Compassion and Social Justice" languages below: 14th Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women - Bahasa Indonesia Language Brochure Yogyakarta, Indonesia - Simplified Chinese Language Brochure June 23-30, 2015 - Traditional Chinese Language Brochure - English Language Brochure - French Language Brochure A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z - German Language Brochure - Japanese Language Brochure - Korean Language Brochure Read All Abstracts - Russian Language Brochure - Spanish Language Brochure PDF of this page - Tibetan Language Brochure Conference & Tour Details Click here for more information on the 14th SI A Conference, and tour details. Yogyakarta, Indonesia Ayya Santini Establishing the Bhikkhuni Sangha in
  • A Construçao Do Conhecimento

    A Construçao Do Conhecimento

    MAPAS E ICONOGRAFIA DOS SÉCS. XVI E XVII 1369 [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] Apêndices A armada de António de Abreu reconhece as ilhas de Amboino e Banda, 1511 Francisco Serrão reconhece Ternate (Molucas do Norte), 1511 Primeiras missões portuguesas ao Sião e a Pegu, 1. Cronologias 1511-1512 Jorge Álvares atinge o estuário do “rio das Pérolas” a bordo de um junco chinês, Junho I. Cronologia essencial da corrida de 1513 dos europeus para o Extremo Vasco Núñez de Balboa chega ao Oceano Oriente, 1474-1641 Pacífico, Setembro de 1513 As acções associadas de modo directo à Os portugueses reconhecem as costas do China a sombreado. Guangdong, 1514 Afonso de Albuquerque impõe a soberania Paolo Toscanelli propõe a Portugal plano para portuguesa em Ormuz e domina o Golfo atingir o Japão e a China pelo Ocidente, 1574 Pérsico, 1515 Diogo Cão navega para além do cabo de Santa Os portugueses começam a frequentar Solor e Maria (13º 23’ lat. S) e crê encontrar-se às Timor, 1515 portas do Índico, 1482-1484 Missão de Fernão Peres de Andrade a Pêro da Covilhã parte para a Índia via Cantão, levando a embaixada de Tomé Pires Alexandria para saber das rotas e locais de à China, 1517 comércio do Índico, 1487 Fracasso da embaixada de Tomé Pires; os Bartolomeu Dias dobra o cabo da Boa portugueses são proibidos de frequentar os Esperança, 1488 portos chineses; estabelecimento do comércio Cristóvão Colombo atinge as Antilhas e crê luso ilícito no Fujian e Zhejiang, 1521 encontrar-se nos confins
  • Who W Rote About Sati Name Of

    Who W Rote About Sati Name Of

    Chronological Chart of Indian Voyages of Early Modern European Travelers (cited in the book) Who Wrote about Sati Name of Traveler Dates Origin Profession Dates in India Places Visited / Location of Sati 1. Pedro Alvares Cabral 1467–?1518 Portuguese Captain of Fleet 1500–01 Calicut/sati in Calicut 2. Duarte Barbosa d. 1521 Portuguese Civil Servant 1500–17 Goa, Malabar Coast/sati in Vijaynagar 3. Ludovico di Varthema c. 1475–1517 Bolognese Adventurer 1503–08 Calicut, Vijaynagar, Goa, Cochin, Masulipatam/ sati in Calicut 4. Tome Pires 1468–1540 Portuguese Apothecary 1511–16 Goa, Cannanore, Cochin/sati in Goa, Kanara, Deccan 5. Fernao Nuniz ? Portuguese Trader 1535?–37 Vijaynagar/sati in Vijaynagar 6. Caesar Frederick ? Venetian Merchant 1563–81 Vijaynagar, Cambay, Goa, Orissa, Satgan/sati in Vijaynagar 7. Antoine Monserrate, SJ d. 1600 Portuguese Missionary 1570?–1600 Goa, Surat, Agra/sati near Agra 8. John Huyghen van Linschoten 1563–1611 Dutch Trader 1583–88 Goa, Surat, Malabar coast/sati near Goa 9. Ralph Fitch d. 1606? English Merchant 1583–91 Goa, Bijapur, Golconda, Agr/sati in Bidar near Golconda 10. Francesco Carletti 1573–1636 Florentine Court Official 1599–1601 Goa/sati in Vijaynagar 11. Francois Pyrard de Laval 1590?–1621? French Ship’s purser 1607–10 Goa, Calicut, Cochin, Ceylon, Chittagong/sati in Calicut 12. Henri de Feynes, M. de Montfort ? French Adventurer 1608–?20 Agra, Surat, Mangalore, Daman, Cochin, Ceylon, Bengal/sati in Sindh 13. William Hawkins d. 1613 English Trader 1608–12 Surat, Agra/sati in Agra 14. Pieter Gielisz van Ravesteyn (?) d. 1621 Dutch Factor 1608–14 Nizapatam, Surat 15.
  • The Malay World in the Medieval European Imagination: the Case of Ludovico Di Varthema’S Travel Accounts on the Malay World

    The Malay World in the Medieval European Imagination: the Case of Ludovico Di Varthema’S Travel Accounts on the Malay World

    THE MALAY WORLD IN THE MEDIEVAL EUROPEAN IMAGINATION: THE CASE OF LUDOVICO DI VARTHEMA’S TRAVEL ACCOUNTS ON THE MALAY WORLD BY ZULKIFLI BIN ISHAK A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Human Sciences (History and Civilization) Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences International Islamic University Malaysia August 2009 ABSTRACT Throughout the medieval period of the European history, images of the Malay World were constantly portrayed in the accounts of the medieval European travelers. These descriptions which are predominantly concerned with the people, geography and th traditions of the region were recorded to have existed as early as the 13 century. In th the first quarter of the 16 century, a Bolognese, Ludovico di Varthema produced descriptions of his travels which includes his journey to the Malay World between the years 1504 and 1505 C.E. His travel experience was first published in Italy in 1510 C.E. This study analyses the contents of the medieval European travelers’ accounts on the Malay World; with particular reference to Varthema’s travel accounts entitled Itinerario. It focuses on the factors that reflected Varthema’s apprehension in constructing pictures of the society and civilization of the Malay World. Finally, this study argues that the medieval European travelers’ accounts that were produced in constructing the images of the Malay World were written in accordance to the standard cliché of the medieval travel writings that was practiced in the course of the medieval period where it involved the influences of the classical Greco-Roman and the biblical traditions.
  • John FT Keane's Late Nineteenth Century Ḥajj by Nicole J. Crisp BA

    John FT Keane's Late Nineteenth Century Ḥajj by Nicole J. Crisp BA

    Out of Obscurity: John F. T. Keane’s Late Nineteenth Century Ḥajj by Nicole J. Crisp B.A. in History, May 2014, University of Nevada, Las Vegas B.A. in Anthropology, May 2014, University of Nevada, Las Vegas A Thesis submitted to The Faculty of The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts May 21, 2017 Thesis directed by Dina Rizk Khoury Professor of History © Copyright 2017 by Nicole J. Crisp All rights reserved ii Acknowledgements I would like to thank Professors Khoury and Blecher specifically for guiding me through the journey of writing this thesis as well as the rest of the George Washington University’s History Department whose faculty, students, and staff have created an unforgettable learning experience over the past three years. Further, I would like to thank my co-workers, both in College Park, Maryland, and Washington, D.C., some of whom have become like family to me and helped me through thick and thin. I would also be remiss if I were not to thank my best friend, Danielle Romero, who mentioned me in the acknowledgements page of her thesis so I effectively must mention her here and quote a line from series that got me through the end of this thesis, “Bang.” I would also like to express my gratitude to my Aunt Joy Harris who has been a constant fountain of encouragement. Finally, I would like to thank my parents, Larry and Dianne, to whom this thesis is dedicated.
  • Sierra Leone 2014

    Sierra Leone 2014

    FINAL REPORT OF THE FLAG NO. 160 TWO EXPEDITIONS SIERRA LEONE 2014 ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report is the result of two expeditions to a wreck who sunk Special thanks to Ruth Rhynas Brown, Marta Żuchowska, Waldemar off of Banana Islands, Sierra Leone, West Africa. During both of Ossowski, Marek Krąpiec, Dirk Jan Biemond, Colin Martin, Jerzy the Explorers Club Flag expeditions to the site, divers were able Gawroński, Aleksander Ostasz, Amanda Martin, Andrea Cordani, to locate remaining cannons, anchors, porcelain,and other arti- Robert Marx, Charlie J. Hughes, Isatu Smith, Jaap van Overbeek, Chri- facts. Some of these have been analyzed, which in turn has allo- stopher R DeCorse, Martijn Manders, Will Brouwers, Kari Hyttinen, wed the team to determine the approximate time frame when Fred Groen, Eveline Sint Nicolaas and Ton van Velzen for their ana- the vessel sank – this being the first half of the eighteenth cen- lysis, comments and tips, so that we were able to solve the mystery tury. It was also determined that this was a vessel of the Dutch of the shipwreck from the Banana Islands. Also, we thank all the expe- East India Company, in short VOC (Dutch: Vereenigde Oost-Indi- dition divers’, particularly underwater photographers Leigh Bishop sche Compagnie). The query in Dutcharchives and collaboration and Marcin Jamkowski, as well as Kiersten Mottl, Robert Głuchowski, with Dutch researcher, contributed to the identification of the Piotr Kardasz, and Mark Alexander for their hard work on the wreck site. shipwrecks that of the Diemermeer, which sunk in 1747. KEYWORDS Diemermeer, East Indiaman, 18th century, shipwreck, Banana Islands, Sierra Leone.
  • The Role of Charts in Islamic Navigation in the Indian Ocean

    The Role of Charts in Islamic Navigation in the Indian Ocean

    13 · The Role of Charts in Islamic Navigation in the Indian Ocean GERALD R. TIBBETTS The existence of indigenous navigational charts of the voyage.7 Barros wrote in the 1540s and could have read Indian Ocean is suggested by several early European Varthema's work, which was in many editions by that sources, the earliest of which is the brief mention of date, including an edition in Spanish published in Seville mariners' charts by Marco Polo. First, in connection with in 1520. There are other occasions when Barros seems Ceylon Polo mentions "la mapemondi des mariner de cel to have incorporated later materials into his version of mer,"! a reference that can only refer to a nautical map the earlier Portuguese accounts of the Indian Ocean, so of some sort. Second, in connection with the Indian west some doubt is cast on the accuracy of his statement. coast he refers to "Ie conpas e la scriture de sajes rnar­ In 1512 another possible local chart is mentioned by iner."2 This first word has been translated as "charts," Afonso de Albuquerque in a letter to the Portuguese king and strangely enough it is the very word (al-qunbii~) used Manuel. He reports that he had seen a large chart belong­ by Abmad ibn Majid (fl. A.D. 1460-1500) in connection ing to a pilot on which Brazil, the Indian Ocean, and the with portolan charts.3 Far East were shown. This chart can only have been very The other sources are Portuguese and come from the sketchy, for the Portuguese pilot Francisco Rodrigues period when that country had reached these parts.
  • Model Test Paper-1

    Model Test Paper-1

    MODEL TEST PAPER-1 No. of Questions: 120 Time: 2 hours Codes: I II III IV (a) A B C D Instructions: (b) C A B D (c) A C D B (A) All questions carry equal marks (d) C A D B (B) Do not waste your time on any particular question 4. Where do we find the three phases, viz. Paleolithic, (C) Mark your answer clearly and if you want to change Mesolithic and Neolithic Cultures in sequence? your answer, erase your previous answer completely. (a) Kashmir Valley (b) Godavari Valley (c) Belan Valley (d) Krishna Valley 1. Pot-making, a technique of great significance 5. Excellent cave paintings of Mesolithic Age are found in human history, appeared first in a few areas at: during: (a) Bhimbetka (b) Atranjikhera (a) Early Stone Age (b) Middle Stone Age (c) Mahisadal (d) Barudih (c) Upper Stone Age (d) Late Stone Age 6. In the upper Ganga valley iron is first found associated 2. Which one of the following pairs of Palaeolithic sites with and areas is not correct? (a) Black-and-Red Ware (a) Didwana—Western Rajasthan (b) Ochre Coloured Ware (b) Sanganakallu—Karnataka (c) Painted Grey Ware (c) Uttarabaini—Jammu (d) Northern Black Polished Ware (d) Riwat—Pakistani Punjab 7. Teri sites, associated with dunes of reddened sand, 3. Match List I with List II and select the answer from are found in: the codes given below the lists: (a) Assam (b) Madhya Pradesh List I List II (c) Tamil Nadu (d) Andhra Pradesh Chalcolithic Cultures Type Sites 8.