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Lab Safety Training.Pdf LABORATORY SAFETY Environmental Health and Risk Management EHRM 243-4503 http://www.umt.edu/research/eh/ Introduction Part 1. Laboratory Hazards & Safety Practices Hazard Communication Chemical & Physical Hazards Biological Hazards Hazardous waste Part 2. Emergency Procedures Hazard Communication Program 5 Elements of your RTK Program Training & Chemical Safety Inventory Awareness Material Labeling Safety Data Sheets Written Program Hazard Communication Chemical Inventory Chemical Inventory CHEMICAL INVENTORY . Each Lab must have an inventory list of all chemicals present in the lab Sample Lab Chemical Inventory Hazard Communication Labeling Labeling Original Container Labels . The label from the manufacturer must have the following: The chemical name Hazards of the chemical The manufacture’s name and address Target organ effects Original Container Label Example Secondary Container Labels All chemicals (including solutions and chemicals transferred from their original containers) should be labeled with their names*, concentrations and additional information such as: date received, date opened, date of expiration may also be recorded. *required Label should also include: All appropriate hazard warnings National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Hazard Labels What are the health hazards? What are the fire hazards? What are the reactivity hazards? Are there any special hazards? 4 = Severe Hazard 3 = Serious Hazard 2 = Moderate Hazard 1 = Slight Hazard 0 = Minimal Hazard NFPA Hazard Label Examples Perchloric Acid Xylene Hazardous Material Identification System (HMIS) Labels HMIS Label Example Globally Harmonized System (GHS) Pictograms Environmental Systemic Health Effects Other Health Effects Acute Toxicity Gases Corrosives Globally Harmonized System (GHS) Pictograms Explosives Oxidizing Substances Flammable GHS Transport Labels Hazard Communication MSDS Material Safety Data Sheets MSDS Components 1. Identification of the 9. Physical and chemical substance or mixture and of the supplier properties 2. Hazards identification 10. Stability and reactivity 3. Composition information on ingredients 11. Toxicological information 4. First aid measures 12. Ecological information 5. Firefighting measures 13. Disposal considerations 6. Accidental release 14. Transport information measures 15. Regulatory information 7. Handling and storage 8. Exposure controls 16. Other information /personal protection Product Information You must know where to access the MSDS for chemicals in your lab. There may be hard copies or your lab may use online access or both. Be sure you know what your policy requires and how to follow it. Hazard Communication Written Policies Written Policies Sample Laboratory Safety Plan (Chemical Hygiene Plan) Your lab should already have a Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) in Develop a place and you should read it, ask CHP any questions you might have about safe use of chemicals and appropriate sign the acknowledgement page for your in the plan for your lab. laboratory For new labs, a sample plan can and make be found at: sure that all workers are http://www.umt.edu/research/eh/C HEMICAL%20HYGIENE%20PLA familiar with N.doc the plan Recommendations for Language to Include in Laboratory Safety Plan No eating, drinking or smoking in laboratory where chemicals are present Recommendations for Language to Include in Laboratory Safety Plan . No applying cosmetics or handling contacts lenses in work areas where there is a possibility of exposure Recommendations for Language to Include in Laboratory Safety Plan . Wear approved eye protection when handling chemicals and/or glassware . Footwear that completely covers the feet is required, because of the danger of broken glass and the possibility of chemical spills. Secure the lab when unoccupied . Two or more people in lab at all times Hazard Communication Program Training Training & Safety Awareness Laboratory Health Hazards . "Health hazard" means a chemical for which there is statistically significant evidence that acute or chronic health effects may occur in exposed employees. Examples include: Carcinogens Toxic agents Irritants Corrosives Sensitizers Routes of Entry . Eyes . Skin . Inhalation . Ingestion . Injection Routes of Entry . Inhalation: The major route of entry when working with solvents. Great rapidity of absorption Routes of Entry . Absorption: May produce systemic poisoning. Condition of skin determines rate of entry. Examples: organic lead, solvents, (xylene, methylene chloride) organo phosphate pesticides, cyanides Routes of Entry . Ingestion: Usually accidental or due to poor hygiene practices Health Conditions Medical Conditions and Symptoms . You should talk with your supervisor or doctor if you are working with hazardous chemicals and you: Are taking medication Are pregnant Have a medical condition such as a chronic allergy or asthma. Asthma is a common condition which can be exacerbated by breathing noxious chemicals. First Aid - Chemical Burns (Eyes) . Forcibly open eyelids to ensure effective washing behind eyelid . Wash from nose out to ear to avoid washing chemicals back into eye or into an unaffected eye • Flood eyes and eyelids with water/eye solution for minimum of 15 minutes First Aid - Chemical Burns (Eyes) • Remove contact lenses immediately to rinse eyes of harmful chemicals • Cover eyes with clean or sterile gauze • Call 4000 or proceed directly to the Emergency Room Make sure you know the location of the nearest eyewash station Eye Wash Maintenance . Eyewashes are periodically checked by EHRM, but are not flushed . A responsible party in each lab should be designated to flush the eyewash for one minute each week Chemical Burns - Skin • Remove any contaminated clothing • Chemicals may collect in shoes, remove shoes, if appropriate • Rinse area with large quantities of water for at least 15 minutes (sink, shower or hose) First Aid - Chemical Burns - Skin • DO NOT apply burn ointments/spray to affected areas • Cover with dry clean or sterile material • For large affected areas, call 4000 Report all injuries, • If possible, bring the name no matter how small of the chemical and/or its (investigations of MSDS along with you to the near misses lead to evaluating medical facility. fewer future injuries) First Degree Thermal Burns In general first degree burns have redness only, no blister or more extensive tissue damage. •Run cool water over area of burn or soak in cool water for at least 5 minutes. •Cover burn with a sterile bandage or clean cloth. •DO NOT APPLY ANY OINTMENTS, SPRAYS OR SALVES. Note: Burns can at first appear to be first degree, but blisters may develop over the next several hours. When in doubt, seek medical attention Second and Third Degree Thermal Burns Second and Third Degree burns are burns that have blisters or more extensive tissue damage. •If victim is on fire, put fire out. •Call 4000 •Do not remove any burnt clothing unless it comes off easily. •Cover burns with dry sterile or clean bandaging. •DO NOT APPLY ANY OINTMENTS, SPRAYS OR SALVES. First Aid - Wounds Wounds -- Significant bleeding • Call 4000 IMMEDIATELY • Calm and reassure victim • Lay victim down. (Reduces chance of fainting) • DO NOT remove any objects impaled in victim • Put direct pressure on wound with a sterile bandage or clean cloth • If direct pressure does not control bleeding, elevate wound above the heart if possible • If bleeding is severe elevate victims legs about 12 inches, and cover victim with a blanket • DO NOT APPLY TORNIQUET Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Wear Eye Protection When Using: . Glassware under reduced pressure . Cryogenic materials . Glassware under elevated pressure . Explosives . Caustics, Irritants or Corrosives . Biohazards . Radioactive Materials . UV Light . Toxic Chemicals . Carcinogens . Flammable Materials . Lasers Eye Protection Wear safety glasses at other Wear goggles when using times when chemicals are acids or whenever there is present and when handling potential for a splash glassware hazard Face Protection . Face protection should be worn when there is a possibility of a chemical splash to the face. A face shield is not a substitute for eye protection…..safety glasses or goggles must be worn in conjunction with a face shield. US&A (v 2/07) Gloves Gloves Cotton Leather Latex Viton Butyl Neoprene PVC Nitrile Other Gloves . Be sure you know which type of glove is appropriate for the chemical you are using Example of wrong glove having been used Gloves Remove soiled gloves. If gloves become soiled or contaminated during experiment, stop, and remove carefully. Wash your hands and put on new pair of gloves. If you double-glove, remove soiled glove, replace outer glove with new one, and continue your work. Gloves “Fisher Scientific Safety Manual” also includes information on: . Choosing size . Proper removal . Care and handling Gloves . Check “Chemical Resistance Guide” in safety catalog for degradation rating and permeation breakthrough information for various chemicals . (Xylenes: Nitrile) . (Perchloric Acid: Nitrile, or PVC) . Neoprene Chemical Storage . Separate chemicals into compatible groups . Designate separate storage for highly toxic chemicals •Do not store more chemicals than you will need over a reasonable time Storage (continued) Store corrosive, toxic, and highly reactive chemicals in a well- ventilated area Store chemicals that can ignite at room temperature in a flammables cabinet Flammable Gas . Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated surroundings, away from flammable substances including
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