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Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan 4
©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 317 Behind the Scenes SEND US YOUR FEEDBACK We love to hear from travell ers – your comments keep us on our toes and help make our books better. Our well- travell ed team reads every word on what you loved or loathed about this book. Although we cannot reply individually to postal submissions, we always guarantee that your feedback goes straight to the appropriate authors, in time for the next edition. Each person who sends us information is thanked in the next edition – the most useful submissions are rewarded with a selection of digital PDF chapters. Visit lonelyplanet.com/contact to submit your updates and suggestions or to ask for help. Our award-winning website also features inspirational travel stories, news and discussions. Note: We may edit, reproduce and incorporate your comments in Lonely Planet products such as guidebooks, websites and digital products, so let us know if you don’t want your comments reproduced or your name acknowledged. For a copy of our privacy policy visit lonelyplanet.com/privacy. Stefaniuk, Farid Subhanverdiyev, Valeria OUR READERS Many thanks to the travellers who used Superno Falco, Laurel Sutherland, Andreas the last edition and wrote to us with Sveen Bjørnstad, Trevor Sze, Ann Tulloh, helpful hints, useful advice and interest- Gerbert Van Loenen, Martin Van Der Brugge, ing anecdotes: Robert Van Voorden, Wouter Van Vliet, Michael Weilguni, Arlo Werkhoven, Barbara Grzegorz, Julian, Wojciech, Ashley Adrian, Yoshida, Ian Young, Anne Zouridakis. Asli Akarsakarya, Simone -
Georgia Historical and Environmental Route
Georgia Historical and Environmental route: Samtskhe - Javakheti 1. Depart from Bavra (Armenia) and arrival to Samtshke-Javakheti Transboundary protected area and Ramsar site 2. Kumudo Dome Church, 964 AD., Kurmodo Village (Akhalkalaki Municipality) 3. Vardzia Cave City, XII-XIII Century, Tmogvi Village (Aspindza Municipality) 4. Kertvisi Castle 5. Sapara Monastery, X; XII-XIV Century, Greli Village (Akhaltsikhe Municipality) 6. Atskuri Virgin Mary Church, Middle Centuries, Atskuri Village 7. Atskuri Prision, X-XIV Century, Atskuri Village (Akhaltsikhe Municipality) 8. Vale Virgin Mary Church, X Century, Vale Village (Akhaltsikhe Municipality) 9. Akhaltsike Archeological Museum 10. Green Monastery Church, IX-XIV Century, Likani Village (Borjomi Municipality) 11. Tabatskuri Red Church, Middle Centuries, Tabatskuri Village 12. Ktsia-Tabtskuri Proteced Areas 13. Timotesubani, 1204 A.D., Timotesubani Village (Borjormi Municipality) 14. Kharagauli National Park (Borjormi Municipality) 15. Ubisa Monastery, IX- XII Century, Ubisa Village (Kharagauli Municipality) 16. Tsromi cathedral, 626-635 A.D., Tsromi Village (Kashuri municipality) 17. Tskhisis’natlismcemli Church, 1002 A.D., Tskhisi Village (Kashuri municipality) 18. Kashuri (Nazuki bakers) (Tkibuli municipality) Imereti 19. Bagrati Cathedral, 1003 A.D., Ukimerioni Hill, Kutaisi 20. Gelati Monastery, XII Century, Gelati Village (UNESCO Cultural Heritage site) (Tkiuli Municipality) 21. Martyr’s Monastery, VII-XIX Century, Mitsameta Village 22. Vani Archeological Museum (Kolkheti expedition) 23. Sataplia and Promethe cave protected area Dinosaurs path 24. Tsivi and Tsia archeological excavation Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti 25. Zugdidi City 26. Proposed UNESCO Natural World Heritage and Ramsar sites - Colchis - Country of Argonauts (Medea and Aieti), habitat of Phasianus colchicus NATURE 2000 and Emerald Network species and habitat 27. Martvili monastery, VII Century, Martveli (Martveli Muncipality) 28. -
Georgia Poetry 20Th Century
World Poetry Map Georgian www.citylore.org Translations © Irma Ratiani and Catherine Fletcher World Poetry Map Georgian www.citylore.org Vazha Pshavela WHY WAS I CREATED HUMAN? (Song) Why was I created human? Why did I not come as rain— Forever living as Cloudbeads, suspended vapor, Earthbound As cold snow or dew? My Maker wouldn’t have sentenced me To a cruel, damnable fate! He’d have embraced me As his child and cradled me— I’d have little reason To feel constantly afraid. Basking instead in sunshine I’d have been death’s frustration; To both Earth and the heavens I could’ve laid my claim. Joy’d have filled me as I witnessed Mountains and valleys turn to green; Flowers’ anthers, stigma, petals Flooded with my own essence. By opening my heart-breast At each sunrise, each sunset I’d make the wilting landscape Quicken with budding energy. Though chilled as rain and flakes, Hope’s fire would remain within Translations © Irma Ratiani and Catherine Fletcher World Poetry Map Georgian www.citylore.org Translations © Irma Ratiani and Catherine Fletcher World Poetry Map Georgian www.citylore.org And my death to life would then Metamorphose—awakening And caressing the nape Of nature, renewed once again. Translations © Irma Ratiani and Catherine Fletcher World Poetry Map Georgian www.citylore.org Translations © Irma Ratiani and Catherine Fletcher World Poetry Map Georgian www.citylore.org Titsian Tabidze SELF-PORTRAIT With Wilde’s profile… blue eyes, A grey-haired infanta hides in the mirror. Kissing armpits quickly tires me; Waves burn me and often muss my hair. -
Wikivoyage Georgia.Pdf
WikiVoyage Georgia March 2016 Contents 1 Georgia (country) 1 1.1 Regions ................................................ 1 1.2 Cities ................................................. 1 1.3 Other destinations ........................................... 1 1.4 Understand .............................................. 2 1.4.1 People ............................................. 3 1.5 Get in ................................................. 3 1.5.1 Visas ............................................. 3 1.5.2 By plane ............................................ 4 1.5.3 By bus ............................................. 4 1.5.4 By minibus .......................................... 4 1.5.5 By car ............................................. 4 1.5.6 By train ............................................ 5 1.5.7 By boat ............................................ 5 1.6 Get around ............................................... 5 1.6.1 Taxi .............................................. 5 1.6.2 Minibus ............................................ 5 1.6.3 By train ............................................ 5 1.6.4 By bike ............................................ 5 1.6.5 City Bus ............................................ 5 1.6.6 Mountain Travel ....................................... 6 1.7 Talk .................................................. 6 1.8 See ................................................... 6 1.9 Do ................................................... 7 1.10 Buy .................................................. 7 1.10.1 -
TERMS of REFERENCE Consultancy Service for Project Results Monitoring & Evaluation for the Third Regional Development Projec
TERMS OF REFERENCE Consultancy Service for Project Results Monitoring & Evaluation Section 1.Backgroundfor the Third Regional Development Project (RDP3) The Government of Georgia with World Bank are co-financing is implementing a US$75 million Third Regional Development Project (RDP3), focusing on Samtskhe-Javakheti and Mtskheta-Mtianeti during the period of 2015-2019. The Project Development Objective is to improve infrastructure services and institutional capacity to support increased contribution of tourism in the local economy of the Samtskhe-Javakheti and Mtskheta- Mtianeti regions. The project aims at addressing challenges identified during the project preparation period and follows integrated approach to urban and tourism development. Through its various components the project is expected to lead to improved urban and tourist infrastructure, enhanced cultural heritage assets and increased capacity for tourism-based local economic development in these two regions. The economic benefits linked to the above are multiple, such as improved urban infrastructure, including public spaces, streetscapes and municipal roads, improved urban liveability and increased safety of movement for locals. At the same time, these investments are expected to make selected municipalities better places to visit and more attractive places to invest, promoting private investment and increasing income generating opportunities in the project area. Cultural heritage enhancements will lead to the preservation of global public goods, but are also expected to lead to increased willingness to visit/pay for tourist and increased property prices in neighbouring areas. The proposed investments are aligned with the regional development strategies, prepared with technical assistance from EU for Mtskheta-Mtianeti and by GiZ for Samtskhe-Javakheti. -
Municipal Development Fund of Georgia Arrangement of Tourism
Municipal Development Fund of Georgia Arrangement of Tourism Infrastructure at Sapara Monastery in Akhaltsikhe Municipality Sub-project Environmental and Social Screening and Environmental Review WORLD BANK FINANCED THIRD REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT October, 2016 1 Sub-project Description The Sub-Project (SP) on Arrangement of Tourism Infrastructure at Sapara Monastery envisages: - Construction of a pavilion and the public toilet – approximately at 150 m distance from the monastery complex, arrangement of water supply, power supply and wastewater systems for new tourism infrastructure and installation of biological treatment unit; - Restoration-reconstruction of old gate, decorative wall and installation of concrete stairs at Sapara monastery; - Rehabilitation of the old barn (56,7m2) located at the starting point of the footpath in the monastery complex. The SP site is located in Akhalatsikhe Municipality, Southern Georgia, at 215 km distance from Tbilisi and 7 km distance from town Akhaltsikhe. There is the gravel road from Akhaltsikhe Town to Sapara Monastery and passes through Village Ghreli. Rehabilitation works of the mentioned road is in progress under the Third Regional Development Project. The SP envisages implementation of the following works: - Construction of a pavilion and a public toilet: Under the presented SP, at 150 m distance from the monastery complex construction of a one-storied pavilion (18,8m2) and the public toilet (22,9m2) is planned. Pavilion and a public-toilet will be arranged in one building that is to be faced with local stone material; wooden decorative elements will be used as well, whereas the roofing is to be arranged with the brick red metal-tile. In the public toilet section for persons with disabilities will be provided. -
Tour to South-West Georgia Jeep and ATV Tours in Georgia
5 day jeep tour to South-West Georgia Jeep and ATV Tours in Georgia Overview 5 Day jeep tour to South-West Georgia Starts from: BATUMI Type: Private Jeep tour Available: from June to October Distance: 728 km Duration: 5 DAYS This 5-day self-drive private jeep tour is spectacular as the rout includes two mountain passes on the Lesser Caucasus range: Goderdzi pass (2025m) and Zekari pass (2182 m). The tour starts in Batumi and covers Adjarian Highlands, Javakheti and Borjomi National Park, Ktsia-Tabatskuri Managed Reserve, rural, natural, and cultural landmarks in 4 regions of Georgia: Adjara, Samtskhe-Javakheti, Imereti, and Guria. Observe beautiful sceneries around and exercise homemade tea preparation in Komli guesthouse. Finish the trip in Batumi with an evening walking by the seaside boulevard. Tour details Code: BAT-JTSWG-5 Starts from: Batumi Max. Group Size: 15 Adults Duration: 5 Days Prices Group size Price per adult Solo € 1519 2-3 people € 862 4-5 people € 687 6-7 people € 525 8-9 people € 515 10-15 people € 464 Online booking deposit*: € 60 *This deposit will be deducted from the total tour price. The above prices (except for solo) are based on two people sharing a twin/double room accommodation. The additional cost for a single room ("Single Supplement") is: € 55 1 person from the group will be FREE of charge if 10 and more adults are traveling together Child Policy 0-1 years - Free 2-6 years - 211 € The balance can be done by: 7 years and over - Adult Bank transfer - in Euro/USD/GBP currency, no later than two weeks before the tour starts VISA/Mastercard - in GEL (local currency) in Tbilisi only, before the tour starts, directly to your guide via POS terminal. -
Exhibition Brochure
GEORGIA “Sakartvelo” LOCATION AND BOUNDARIES: Georgia is bordered by Russia to the north, Turkey and Armenia to the south, Azerbaijan to the east, and the Black Sea to the west. AREA: 69,700 sq. km POPULATION: 4.6 million CAPITAL: Tbilisi, pop. 1.3 million LANGUAGE: Georgian is an ancient and distinctive language, which has no relationship with other languages, not even with the North Caucasian families. ����������������������������������������������������ts written alphabet is one of only 14 in the world. �n addition to Kartuli (Georgian) there are Svanuri and Megruli languages, which are spoken in Samegrelo – the Western part of the country – and Svaneti –, in the north–west highland of Georgia. RELIGION: Georgia was one of the first countries to embrace Christianity. Greek Orthodox Christianity became Georgia’s official religion in the fourth century AD and the Georgian Church became autonomous in the sixth century. Distinguished for their long tradition of religious tolerance throughout centuries, Georgians have enjoyed fairly good relations with other communities of various religious backgrounds, including Catholicism, Armenian Apostolicy, Judaism, �slam and etc. BACKGROUND: Georgia is a country of fascinating landscapes, ancient history and remarkable culture. From snowy peaks to subtropical shores, from semi-arid deserts to rich vineyards and lush forests, from cities to enchanting villages, it is a place where everyone can discover something to his or her liking. Georgia is famous for its warmth and hospitality, wide variety of wines, unique cuisine, and the harmony of polyphonic songs and elegant dances. In Georgia, one will come across an ancient and still flourishing culture filled with churches, fortresses and towers, museums and exhibitions, sulfur baths and local bazaars. -
Regional Power Transmission Enhancement Project
1 Initial Environmental Examination April 2013 GEO: Regional Power Transmission Enhancement Project Prepared by Irakli Kaviladze for the Asian Development Bank. 2 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 1 May 2013) Currency unit 1 GEL = 0.61 USD $ 1 USD $ = 1.65 GEL ABBREVIATIONS - ADB Asian Development Bank - APA Agency of Protected Areas - CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan - CSC Construction Supervision Consultant - EA Executing agency - EIA Environmental Impact Assessment - EMP Environmental Management Plan - ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment - GoG Government of Georgia - GRL Georgia Red List - GSE Georgia State Electrosystem - IEE Initial Environmental Examination - IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers - IMO Independent Monitoring Organization - KNP Kolkheti National Park - LARP Land acquisition and resettlement plan - NEA National Environmental Agency - NGO Non-governmental organization - PCB polychlorinated biphenyl - PIU Project Implementation Unit (within GSE) - SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition - SPS Safeguard Policy Statement (of ADB, June 2009) - TL Transmission line - UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 3 CONTENTS A Executive Summary 5 A.1 Policy, Legal, and Administrative Framework 6 A.2 Project Description 7 A.3 Description of the Environment (Baseline Data) 7 A.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 10 A.5 Analysis of Alternatives 11 A.6 Information Disclosure, Consultation, and Participation 12 A.7 Grievance Redress Mechanism 12 -
World Bank Document
SFG2732 Public Disclosure Authorized THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT OF THE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STARTEGIES OF SAMTSKHE-JAVAKHETI AND MTSKETA-MTIANETI Public Disclosure Authorized Third Regional Development Project Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized December, 2016 Abbreviations GNTA Georgia National Tourism Administration EIA Environnemental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan RDS Regional Development Strategy RTDS Regional Tourism Development Strategy MDF Municipal Development Fund of Georgia MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoENRP Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Protection of Georgia MoCMP Ministry of Culture and Monument Protection MESD Ministry of Economic and Sustaineble Developmnet NACHP National Agency for Cultural Heritage Protection PIU Project Implementation Unit RDP Regional Development Project SECHSA Strategic Environmental, Cultural Heritage and Social Assessment WB World Bank Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 12 1.1 THIRD REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (RDP III) ..................................................... 12 1.2 REGIONAL AND SECTORAL CONTEXT: RDS AND RTDS FOR SAMTSKHE- JAVAKHETI AND MTSKHETA-MTIANETI REGIONS .................................................................. -
Grand Basilicas of Otkhta Eklesia and Parkhali Monasteries: Stages of Construction
saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa erovnuli akademiis moambe, t. 14, #2, 2020 BULLETIN OF THE GEORGIAN NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, vol. 14, no. 2, 2020 Art History Grand Basilicas of Otkhta Eklesia and Parkhali Monasteries: Stages of Construction Irene Giviashvili George Chubinashvili National Research Centre for Georgian Art History and Heritage Preservation, Tbilisi, Georgia (Presented by Academy Member Liana Melikishvili) The monasteries of Otkhta Eklesia and Parkhali are located in historic Tao on the very bordering points of the “Kingdom of Georgians”. The aim of this publication is to present the construction stages of these two monuments based on comparative analysis and historical background. Long term observations show that Otkhta Eklesia had at least three stages of construction and Parkhali had two. The walls of Otkhta Eklesia built in the Opus-Mixtum technique, remain from the original church. It could be remnant of the “Triple Church Basilica”, similar to one founded by Grigol of Khandzta in Nedzvi, in the 9th c. or even from an earlier establishment. At the second stage, the central nave was rebuilt with the new columns and the upper parts of the walls were added. This reconstruction is related to King David III and took place before 965. Soon, another grand reconstruction was carried out seeing the space of the apse enlarged due to replacement of the first pair of columns to the east. The height of the central nave and the apse was increased. We can assume that the changes to the plan came as a result of the new typicon and the liturgical order that was introduced to the Georgian Church from Mount Athos. -
David Gareji Monastery Complex – an Integral Part of Ancient Cultural Heritage of Georgia
saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa erovnuli akademiis moambe, t. 13, #2, 2019 BULLETIN OF THE GEORGIAN NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, vol. 13, no. 2, 2019 History David Gareji Monastery Complex – an Integral Part of Ancient Cultural Heritage of Georgia Roin Metreveli Academy Member, Georgian National Academy of Sciences ABSTRACT. The problem related to David Gareji monastery complex dates back to the last century. The dispute arose due to a wrong resolution of the government of Georgia. In the present paper it is proved that the Gareji monastery complex belonged to Georgia from the very start of its existence. The mountain Gareja and David Gareji monastery complex were located in the old Georgian province Kukheti. The monastery was founded by one of the Assyrian fathers, David Garejeli (David of Gareja) in the 6th century. Assyrian Fathers are associated with the reinforcement of Christianity and construction of monasteries. David's Lavra was in the center. David Gareji monasteries played significant role in the cultural life of Georgian people. David IV the Builder (1084- 1115) did a lot for the monastery complex. He exempted them from the state taxes and supported their development in every way. David Gareji monastery complex is recognized as one of the most important monuments of Georgian Christian culture. The paintings on the walls of the churches and refectories are remarkable, especially the frescoes of King Tamar and Lasha-Giorgi in Bertubani church and the fresco of Demetre Tavdadebuli in Khareba church, Udabno. It should be taken into consideration that it is since the Soviet period as David Gareji monastery complex is recognized as the object of Georgian national culture, and since 2008 it is included in the list of UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites as a Georgian cultural monument.