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Sierra Leone – Prospects for Peace Severely Compromised

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Sierra Leone – Prospects for Peace Severely Compromised CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEALS FOR 2001 UNITED NATIONS FOR ADDITIONAL COPIES, PLEASE CONTACT: UN OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS PALAIS DES NATIONS 8-14 AVENUE DE LA PAIX CH - 1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND TEL.: (41 22) 917.1972 FAX: (41 22) 917.0368 E-MAIL: [email protected] THIS DOCUMENT CAN ALSO BE FOUND ON http://www.reliefweb.int/ TABLE OF CONTENTS A. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................... 1 TABLE I :TOTAL FUNDING REQUIREMENTS - BY AGENCY AND COUNTRY ........................................3 TABLE II: SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS BY SECTOR AND APPEALING AGENCY............................4 SUB-REGIONAL OVERVIEW......................................................................................................... 5 1. Background .......................................................................................................................... 5 2. Impact on the humanitarian situation ................................................................................... 5 3. Regional and International Response .................................................................................. 6 4. Sub-regional Linkages.......................................................................................................... 7 5. Sub-regional Challenges......................................................................................................8 6. Rationale for a Sub-regional and Multi-disciplinary Approach ............................................. 9 TABLE III: SUB-REGION : SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS - BY SECTOR......................................11 B. PROBLEM ANALYSIS .......................................................................................................... 13 THE REPUBLIC OF GUINEA – SPIRALING VIOLENCE THREATENS.......................................... 13 TABLE IV: GUINEA : SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS - BY SECTOR ..............................................15 SIERRA LEONE – PROSPECTS FOR PEACE SEVERELY COMPROMISED...................................... 17 TABLE V: SIERRA LEONE : SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS - BY SECTOR ..................................19 LIBERIA – GROWING EMERGENCY IN POST CONFLICT SITUATION ............................................. 20 TABLE VI: LIBERIA : SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS - BY SECTOR ..............................................22 THE REPUBLIC OF CÔTE D’IVOIRE-- AN UNEASY CALM PREVAILS ....................................... 23 C. THE COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN................................................................ 25 1. Introduction......................................................................................................................... 25 2. Scenarios ........................................................................................................................... 25 3. Competencies and Capacities Analysis............................................................................. 27 4. Strategic Objectives ........................................................................................................... 31 5. Principles for Humanitarian Action ..................................................................................... 32 6. Sub-Regional Humanitarian Goals..................................................................................... 32 7. Linkages with other Assistance Programmes .................................................................... 32 8. Criteria for Prioritisation...................................................................................................... 33 TABLE VII: SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS BY APPEALING AGENCY................................................34 TABLE VIII: SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS BY SECTOR ....................................................................37 iii D. SECTORS TO BE ADDRESSED .......................................................................................... 41 A. AGRICULTURE ........................................................................................................... 41 B. CHILD PROTECTION.................................................................................................. 55 C. COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES........................................................... 63 D. SUPPORT SERVICES................................................................................................. 79 E. ECONOMIC RECOVERY ............................................................................................ 83 F. EDUCATION AND YOUTH AND PEACE.................................................................... 89 G. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ........................................................................... 101 H. FOOD ASSISTANCE................................................................................................. 105 I. HEALTH AND NUTRITION........................................................................................ 111 J. HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE RULE OF LAW ............................................................. 133 K. MULTI-SECTOR ........................................................................................................ 137 L. HIV/AIDS PREVENTION – SUB-REGIONAL............................................................ 152 M. SECURITY ................................................................................................................. 157 N. SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ASSISTANCE ............................................................. 161 O. WATER AND SANITATION....................................................................................... 167 ANNEX I: ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................... 173 iv v vi UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEALS FOR WEST AFRICA A. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The West African sub-region, including Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Côte d'Ivoire, continues to be battered by escalating political and economic instability. The sub-region is at great risk of degenerating into a massive complex emergency, which will further devastate the lives and precarious livelihoods of millions of civilians. Guinea is now saddled with a humanitarian crisis and a heightened insecurity way beyond its capacity to cope. Prospects for peace in Sierra Leone have been severely compromised by renewed hostilities and political inertia. Sporadic fighting, economic stagnation, a severe decline in international aid and the imposition of sanctions, render the recovery process in Liberia perilously close to collapse. Côte d'Ivoire, a previously stable powerhouse in the sub-region, has been rocked by violent altercations. In the last year alone, the country has seen one successful coup, several failed attempts, a popular uprising and civil unrest, which have had far reaching consequences, including death, human rights abuse and a mass exodus of foreigners. All told, the current situation is characterised by: • A pervasive insecurity in parts of Sierra Leone, complicating the resettlement and reintegration of refugee returnees, IDPs and ex-combatants; • Insecurity in the border areas between Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia, which causes further displacement of refugees, and their sudden return to already overcrowded host communities and IDP camps in Sierra Leone; • The emergence of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) and vulnerable host communities, which has compounded Guinea’s refugee burden; • Ethnic polarisation, cross-border insurgency and economic stagnation in Liberia, which has left the population as impoverished and vulnerable as they were during the civil war; • A tense political and ethnic environment in Côte d’Ivoire, which continues to trigger the exodus of foreigners, most of them, migrant workers from Burkina Faso and Mali; • Increasingly complex and massive population displacement patterns, related security risks for both humanitarian actors and beneficiaries, and lack of humanitarian access, which render humanitarian assistance efforts expensive and of limited impact. Given this context, a coherent, sub-regional approach is indispensable to minimising further human suffering and simultaneously achieving peace and security. Timely and appropriate action is urgently needed to respond to new humanitarian needs particularly in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, in support of (not in place of) preventive political and economic measures that Côte d’Ivoire could also benefit from. This Document outlines the overall sub-regional framework for humanitarian operations in the West Africa sub-region during the year 2001. It forecasts a wide range of programmes aimed at addressing specific humanitarian needs in each country and in the sub-region as a whole. It is the product of the joint efforts of UN country teams and their corresponding regional offices, in consultation with government and non-governmental partners as well as Donor representatives. The process began with extensive inter-agency consultations in October 2000, which resulted in the elaboration of the sub-regional humanitarian strategy, which has been updated and integrated into this document. Priority programmes consistent with this strategy were subsequently developed through in-country consultations between appealing agencies and their partners. The Sub-regional CAP is designed to complement the ongoing humanitarian care and maintenance efforts in the sub-region. Security concerns both for humanitarian workers and for beneficiaries
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