DOCSLIB.ORG

1 Daily Media Monitoring Report Issue 21: 28 June 2018

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1 Daily Media Monitoring Report Issue 21: 28 June 2018 Daily Media Monitoring Report Issue 21: 28 June 2018 Table of Contents 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 2 1.2 Key Events ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Media Monitored .................................................................................................... 2 Methodology ................................................................................................................ 3 2.0 Did the media represent political parties in a fair and balanced manner? ............. 3 2.1 Space and time dedicated to political parties in private and public media ........ 3 2.2 Space and time dedicated to political actors in private and public media ......... 5 2.3 Tone of coverage for political parties ................................................................. 6 2.4 Gender representation in election programmes ................................................ 7 2.5 Youth representation in election programmes ................................................... 8 2.6 Time dedicated to political players in the different programme types in broadcast media ...................................................................................................... 7 3.0 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 10 The media have an ethical obligation to be impartial in their coverage of electoral 1 processes; this requires fairness and balance in their representation of the prevailing context. 1.1 Introduction This twenty-first media monitoring report on the 2018 elections highlights trends in the Zimbabwean media’s performance in their coverage of the elections. The study assessed the level to which the media is fair and balanced in representing political players. The report covers issues reported by the media on the twenty-ninth day of the election period – 28 June 2018. 1.2 Key Events On this day, • ZEC is reported to have succumbed to opposition parties’ plea for a voters’ roll with people’s photographs. • The electoral commission reportedly accuses opposition political parties of bringing the name of the commission into disrepute by raising unnecessary court cases. • ZESN and ZLHR happy with the provision of the Electoral Amendment Act, which prescribes a 5-year jail term for electoral malpractice. • Independent presidential candidate, Joshua Munyanduri says the $1000 fee for presidential nomination is a rip-off. In campaign news: • Judge President George Chiweshe will preside over the legal battle between MDC Alliance and the MDC-T formation led by Thokozani Khupe over rights to use the original MDC logo (the open palm). • Aspiring ZANU PF Member of Parliament, Patrick Chinamasa addressed a rally in Makoni-West. ZANU PF also held rallies in Shurugwi and Mataga growth point in Mberengwa. • In an interview, UDF leader says his party seeks to create a platform for economic transformation and opportunities for youths and women. The media have an ethical obligation to be impartial in their coverage of electoral 2 processes; this requires fairness and balance in their representation of the prevailing context. 1.3 Media Monitored News Platform Print Broadcast (6-10pm) Public media • The Herald • ZTV • Chronicle • SFM • Radio Zimbabwe Commercial radio • Star FM • ZiFM Private media • Daily News • NewsDay Methodology Monitoring aims to quantify and qualify time dedicated to political parties by the media. The quantitative analysis measures the total amount of space (cm2) and time (seconds) devoted to politicians and political parties by the media. The analysis also evaluates representations of political actors by gender and age as well as the type of programmes in which they are featured. For print media, the monitored sample includes articles published in the following sections: front page, local news, and political/election news. Monitoring also focuses on editorial pages and letters to the editor sections. Monitoring does not include articles published in the business section, sport pages, and entertainment sections Television and radio channels have been monitored daily during a select time frame, from 6 to 10 pm. All programs have been analyzed during the sampled time period. 2.0 Did the media represent political parties in a fair and balanced manner? On this day, a total of 16 political parties were covered in the media. The top three parties covered made up 86% of the total coverage. ZANU PF accounted for 58% of the coverage followed by MDC Alliance and CODE, which accounted for 20% and 8% of the coverage respectively. The remaining 13 political parties accounted for 14% of the coverage. 2.1 Space and time dedicated to political parties in private and public media Eight political parties were featured in the government-controlled press. ZANU PF was the most featured party with 65% of the coverage ahead of the MDC Alliance and UDF, which accounted for 22% and 5% respectively. The other five parties combined for the remaining 8%. The media have an ethical obligation to be impartial in their coverage of electoral 3 processes; this requires fairness and balance in their representation of the prevailing context. Space allocated to political actors in the government-controlled press in (cm2) Political National Local Member of Party Total Affiliation Government Government Parliament Member ZANU PF 1434 0 20 1056 2510 MDC ALLIANCE 0 0 0 850 850 UDF 182 0 0 0 182 BZA 0 0 0 87 87 CODE 0 0 0 86 86 INDEPENDENT 0 84 0 83 83 UDM 0 0 0 77 77 #1980FMZ 0 0 0 1 1 The private press gave the most publicity to political parties. A total of thirteen political entities were covered on this platform with ZANU PF being the most visible. The party accounted for 66% of the visibility of political parties followed by MDC Alliance, which had 14% of the publicity. Eleven parties were featured in the remaining 20% of the coverage. Space allocated to political actors in the private press (in cm2) Political National Local Member of Party Total Affiliation Government Government Parliament Member ZANU PF 162 0 133 1666 1961 MDC ALLIANCE 0 0 0 411 411 NPF 0 0 0 161 161 DOP 0 0 0 156 156 MDC-T 0 0 0 103 103 MRP 0 0 0 54 54 ZAPU 0 0 0 48 48 NEW PF 0 0 0 35 35 CODE 0 0 0 21 21 UDF 0 0 0 14 14 BZA 0 0 0 7 7 APA 0 0 0 6 6 ZIPP 0 0 0 6 6 There was a sizeable decline in the number of political parties covered on the ZBC stations. From the 13 parties covered yesterday only four were covered today. ZANU PF remained the most visible party with 48% of the coverage. MDC Alliance and CODE took up 27% and 25% of the total time respectively. The media have an ethical obligation to be impartial in their coverage of electoral 4 processes; this requires fairness and balance in their representation of the prevailing context. Time dedicated to political parties on ZBC (in seconds) Political National Local Member of Party Total Affiliation Government Government Parliament Member ZANU PF 644 0 0 861 1505 CODE 0 0 0 850 850 MDC ALLIANCE 0 0 0 800 800 MDC T (TK) 0 0 0 2 2 The commercial radio stations monitored gave publicity to seven political parties. ZANU PF received the most mileage on this platform with 51% of the total coverage followed by independent candidates who accounted for 30%. The MDC Alliance featured in 17% of the coverage whilst the remaining four parties shared the remaining 2%. Time dedicated to political parties on commercial radio (in seconds) Political National Local Member of Party Total Affiliation Government Government Parliament Member ZANU PF 311 0 845 98 1254 INDEPENDENT 0 0 727 0 727 MDC ALLIANCE 0 0 416 8 424 BZA 0 0 0 26 26 UDM 0 0 0 20 20 CODE 0 0 0 10 10 MDC-T 0 0 0 8 8 2.2 Space and time dedicated to political actors in private and public media Twenty-six political actors were covered in the electronic media and fifty-two were featured in the press. The top ten political actors in the press and electronic media are presented in tables below. Top political actors in the press Actor Political Party Total Space in cm2 Emmerson Mnangagwa ZANUPF 2353 Nelson Chamisa MDC ALLIANCE 555 Constantino Chiwenga ZANUPF 219 Patrick Chinamasa ZANUPF 214 Welshman Ncube MDC ALLIANCE 203 Obert Gutu MDC -T 193 Mapfumo Peter Gava UDF 182 Cain Mathema ZANU PF 161 Harry Peter Wilson DOP 156 Pupurai Togarepi ZANU PF 150 The media have an ethical obligation to be impartial in their coverage of electoral 5 processes; this requires fairness and balance in their representation of the prevailing context. Top political actors in the electronic media Actor Political Party Total time in seconds Emmerson Mnangagwa ZANU PF 1388 Elton Mangoma CODE 860 Kudakwashe Damson ZANU PF 845 Jacob Mapfume MDC ALLIANCE 798 Zalera Makari INDEPENDENT 726 Earthrage Kureva MDC ALLIANCE 416 Constantino Chiwenga ZANU PF 182 Rabelani Choeni ZANU PF 32 Ruth Maboyi ZANU PF 30 Goodwills Masimiremba ZANU PF 28 2.3 Tone of coverage for political parties In the government-controlled press, most of the political parties covered on this day received coverage that was mostly neutral. BZA, CODE and UDM received coverage that was wholly neutral. The MDC Alliance received most of the negative coverage in the government-controlled press. Tone of coverage in the government controlled press (in cm2) PARTY NEGATIVE NEUTRAL POSITIVE #1980FMZ 1 0 0 BZA 0 0 87 CODE 0 0 86 INDEPENDENT 0 84 83 MDC ALLIANCE 214 335 301 UDF 0 182 0 UDM 0 0 77 ZANU PF 0 2060 530 The private press was mostly neutral in its coverage of political parties and actors. ZANU PF and MDC Alliance received most of the negative coverage on this day following their absence on the signing of the national peace pledge where they sent representatives. On This day ZanuPF was the only party with positive coverage on this platform. Tone of coverage in the private press (in cm2) PARTY NEGATIVE NEUTRAL POSITIVE APA 0 6 0 BZA 0 7 0 CODE 0 21 0 DOP 0 156 0 MDC ALLIANCE 142 269 0 MDC-T 0 103 0 The media have an ethical obligation to be impartial in their coverage of electoral 6 processes; this requires fairness and balance in their representation of the prevailing context.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • On the Shoulders of Struggle, Memoirs of a Political Insider by Dr
    On the Shoulders of Struggle: Memoirs of a Political Insider On the Shoulders of Struggle: Memoirs of a Political Insider Dr. Obert M. Mpofu Dip,BComm,MPS,PhD Contents Preface vi Foreword viii Commendations xii Abbreviations xiv Introduction: Obert Mpofu and Self-Writing in Zimbabwe xvii 1. The Mind and Pilgrimage of Struggle 1 2. Childhood and Initiation into Struggle 15 3. Involvement in the Armed Struggle 21 4. A Scholar Combatant 47 5. The Logic of Being ZANU PF 55 6. Professional Career, Business Empire and Marriage 71 7. Gukurahundi: 38 Years On 83 8. Gukurahundi and Selective Amnesia 97 9. The Genealogy of the Zimbabwean Crisis 109 10. The Land Question and the Struggle for Economic Liberation 123 11. The Post-Independence Democracy Enigma 141 12. Joshua Nkomo and the Liberation Footpath 161 13. Serving under Mugabe 177 14. Power Struggles and the Military in Zimbabwe 205 15. Operation Restore Legacy the Exit of Mugabe from Power 223 List of Appendices 249 Preface Ordinarily, people live to either make history or to immortalise it. Dr Obert Moses Mpofu has achieved both dimensions. With wanton disregard for the boundaries of a “single story”, Mpofu’s submission represents a construction of the struggle for Zimbabwe with the immediacy and novelty of a participant. Added to this, Dr Mpofu’s academic approach, and the Leaders for Africa Network Readers’ (LAN) interest, the synergy was inevitable. Mpofu’s contribution, which philosophically situates Zimbabwe’s contemporary politics and socio-economic landscape, embodies LAN Readers’ dedication to knowledge generation and, by extension, scientific growth.
    [Show full text]
  • Elections Statics from 31 May - 9 June 2018
    Elections statics from 31 May - 9 June 2018 Summary of stats ● Political Parties covered in the media : 31 ● Political players covered 1. Print media : 220 2. Electronic media 95 ● 5% of the political Players covered were women compared to 95% men ● 4 instances of Hate speech where recorded. Time and space dedicated to political parties in the media PARTY PRIVATE PUBLIC PRESS ZBC COMMERCIAL PRESS RADIO ZANUPF 16166 30189 21559 3374 MDC-T (NC) 6964 5000 1262 108 MDC-T 4501 4562 2648 4541 ALLIANCE NPF 2286 574 377 266 DOP 786 INDEPENDENT 565 278 179 MDC-T (TK) 511 193 737 1 ZAPU 396 129 MRP 270 NCA 158 98 578 MDC-N 65 10 NPP 53 131 22 APA 24 5 ZPF 12 DAWN 9 ZPP 3 PDP 2 202 FLOANP 0 209 557 ZDP 0 480 TZ 0 83 ID 0 91 MOPCD 0 20 TRUE 0 20 DEMOCRACY ZANU 0 20 NDONGA PRC 0 17 1 VOP 0 10 BCP 0 0 1239 MRCD 0 0 258 UANC 0 0 372 ZIPP 0 0 69 POVO 0 0 0 138 WOYE 292 Top 10 political actors in the press Actor Political Party Total Space in cm2 Emmerson Mnangagwa ZANU PF 19476 Nelson Chamisa MDC-T Alliance 7367 Kembo Mohadi ZANUPF 1903 Constantino Chiwenga ZANUPF 1733 Robert Mugabe ZANUPF 1612 George Charamba ZANUPF 949 Auxilia Mnangagwa ZANUPF 859 Simon Khaya Moyo ZANUPF 838 Douglas Mwonzora MDC-T Alliance 779 Tendai Biti MDC-T Alliance 737 Top 10 political actors in the national broadcast media Actor Political Party Total time in seconds Emmerson Mnangagwa ZANUPF 10657 Tendai Biti MDC-T Alliance 3256 Douglas Mwonzora MDC-T Alliance 2436 Danny Musukuma ZANUPF 1953 Joram Gumbo ZANUPF 1625 Lovemore Madhuku NCA 1315 Willard Mugadza ZANUPF 1194 Tendai
    [Show full text]
  • ZIMBABWE COUNTRY of ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service
    ZIMBABWE COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service 25 March 2011 ZIMBABWE 25 MARCH 2011 Contents Preface Latest News EVENTS IN ZIMBABWE FROM 22 FEBRUARY 2011 TO 24 MARCH 2011 Useful news sources for further information REPORTS ON ZIMBABWE PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 22 FEBRUARY 2011 AND 24 MARCH 2011 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................ 1.01 Public holidays ..................................................................................................... 1.06 Map ........................................................................................................................ 1.07 2. ECONOMY ................................................................................................................ 2.01 Remittances .......................................................................................................... 2.06 Sanctions .............................................................................................................. 2.08 3. HISTORY (19TH CENTURY TO 2008)............................................................................. 3.01 Matabeleland massacres 1983 - 87 ..................................................................... 3.03 Political events: late 1980s - 2007...................................................................... 3.06 Events in 2008 - 2010 ........................................................................................... 3.23
    [Show full text]
  • ZIMBABWE COUNTRY REPORT April 2004
    ZIMBABWE COUNTRY REPORT April 2004 COUNTRY INFORMATION & POLICY UNIT IMMIGRATION & NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM Zimbabwe April 2004 CONTENTS 1 Scope of the Document 1.1 –1.7 2 Geography 2.1 – 2.3 3 Economy 3.1 4 History 4.1 – 4.193 Independence 1980 4.1 - 4.5 Matabeleland Insurgency 1983-87 4.6 - 4.9 Elections 1995 & 1996 4.10 - 4.11 Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) 4.12 - 4.13 Parliamentary Elections, June 2000 4.14 - 4.23 - Background 4.14 - 4.16 - Election Violence & Farm Occupations 4.17 - 4.18 - Election Results 4.19 - 4.23 - Post-election Violence 2000 4.24 - 4.26 - By election results in 2000 4.27 - 4.28 - Marondera West 4.27 - Bikita West 4.28 - Legal challenges to election results in 2000 4.29 Incidents in 2001 4.30 - 4.58 - Bulawayo local elections, September 2001 4.46 - 4.50 - By elections in 2001 4.51 - 4.55 - Bindura 4.51 - Makoni West 4.52 - Chikomba 4.53 - Legal Challenges to election results in 2001 4.54 - 4.56 Incidents in 2002 4.57 - 4.66 - Presidential Election, March 2002 4.67 - 4.79 - Rural elections September 2002 4.80 - 4.86 - By election results in 2002 4.87 - 4.91 Incidents in 2003 4.92 – 4.108 - Mass Action 18-19 March 2003 4.109 – 4.120 - ZCTU strike 23-25 April 4.121 – 4.125 - MDC Mass Action 2-6 June 4.126 – 4.157 - Mayoral and Urban Council elections 30-31 August 4.158 – 4.176 - By elections in 2003 4.177 - 4.183 Incidents in 2004 4.184 – 4.191 By elections in 2004 4.192 – 4.193 5 State Structures 5.1 – 5.98 The Constitution 5.1 - 5.5 Political System: 5.6 - 5.21 - ZANU-PF 5.7 -
    [Show full text]
  • Appointment of Cabinet Ministers His Excellency the President, Comrade E
    Appointment of Cabinet Ministers His Excellency the President, Comrade E. D. Mnangagwa, has, in terms of Section 104 of the Constitution of Zimbabwe, Amendment No. 20 of 2013, appointed Cabinet Ministers, Ministers of State and Deputy Ministers as follows: A. Cabinet Ministers 1. Finance and Economic Development Hon. Professor Mthuli Ncube 2. Defence and War Veterans Hon Oppah Zvipange Muchinguri-Kashiri 3. Local Government, Public Works and National Housing Hon. July G. Moyo 4. Foreign Affairs and International Trade Hon. Sibusiso B. Moyo 5. Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare Hon. Sekesai Nzenza 6. Industry and Commerce Hon. Mangaliso Ndlovu 7. Home Affairs and Cultural Heritage Hon. Cain Mathema 8. Higher and Tertiary Education, Science and Technology Hon. Professor Amon Murwira 9. Primary and Secondary Education Hon. Professor Paul Mavima 10. Lands, Agriculture, Water, Climate and Rural Resettlement Hon. Chief Air Marshal P. Shiri 11. Mines and Mining Development Hon. Winston Chitando 12. Energy and Power Development Hon. Joram M. Gumbo 13. Transport and Infrastructural Development Hon. Joel Biggie Matiza 14. Information, Publicity and Broadcasting Services Hon. Monica Mutsvangwa 15. Information Communication Technology and Courier Services Hon. Kazembe Kazembe 16. Environment, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Hon. Prisca Mupfumira 17. Youth, Sport, Arts and Recreation Hon. Kirsty Coventry 18. Health and Child Care Hon. Dr Obediah Moyo 19. Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs Hon. Ziyambi Ziyambi 20. Women Affairs, Community, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Hon. Sithembiso G. G. Nyoni B. Ministers of State for the Provinces 1. Harare ….. 2. Bulawayo Hon. Judith Ncube 3. Mashonaland West Hon. Mary Mliswa 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Restrictive Measures and Zimbabwe: Political Implications, Economic Impact and a Way Forward
    Restrictive Measures and Zimbabwe: Political Implications, Economic Impact and a Way Forward Primary Researchers: Bryan M. Sims Sydney Masamvu Secondary Researcher: Havi Mirell Contents Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………………………….……2 Research Question…………………………………………………………………………………………..3 Background…………………………………………………………………………………………………...3 Definitions of Sanctions and Restrictive Measures……………………………………………………....5 Zimbabwe Restrictive Measures……………………………………………………………………………5 The 2000, 2002 and 2005 Elections and the International Response………………………………….7 The 2008 Elections……………………………………………………………………………………..……8 The Government of National Unity…………………………………………………………………………9 Targeted Restricted Measures Eight Years On………………………………………………………….10 The Impact of Restrictive Measures………………………………………………………………………11 Effects of Restrictive Measures on the Zimbabwean Economy…………..…………………………...16 Direct and Indirect Impact of Restrictive Measures on Zimbabweans………………………………..21 Opportunity Costs of Restrictive Measures………………………………………………………………22 The Role of the Region and International Community………………………………………………….23 The Commonwealth………………………………………………………………………………24 South Africa and the Region……………………………………………………………………..24 Moving Forward and Possible Consequences…………………………………………………………..27 Option 1: Maintain the Status Quo…..………………………………………………………….28 Option 2: An Unconditional Removal of Restrictive Measures ……………………………...28 Option 3: The Calibrated Removal of Restrictive Measures……………………..…………..29 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………...………………………34
    [Show full text]
  • ZIMBABWE COUNTRY of ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service
    ZIMBABWE COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service 13 July 2012 ZIMBABWE 13 JULY 2012 Contents Preface Latest News EVENTS IN ZIMBABWE FROM 7 JUNE 2012 TO 13 JULY 2012 Useful news sources for further information REPORTS ON ZIMBABWE PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 7 JUNE AND 13 JULY 2012 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................ 1.01 Public holidays ..................................................................................................... 1.06 Map ........................................................................................................................ 1.07 2. ECONOMY ................................................................................................................ 2.01 Remittances .......................................................................................................... 2.12 Military involvement in the economy ................................................................. 2.17 Sanctions .............................................................................................................. 2.18 3. HISTORY (19TH CENTURY TO 2010) ............................................................................. 3.01 Matabeleland massacres 1983 - 87 (aka ‘Gurkurahundi’) ................................. 3.03 ZANU-PF win 1990s elections ............................................................................. 3.07 Land reform and War Veterans: 1990-97 ...........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • ZIMBABWE POLITICAL ECONOMY REVIEW 13 October 2017
    ZIMBABWE POLITICAL ECONOMY REVIEW Mugabe’s Cabinet Reshuffle – Power, Patronage and Greed 13 October 2017 ©Zimbabwe Democracy Institute 66 Jason Moyo Avenue Harare www.zimdem.org [email protected] The 9th of October Cabinet reshuffle – a ZANU-PF, state machinery and wining the Mnangagwa management scheme – can 2018 election is the actual challenge to be understood in the context of the Robert Mugabe to which the reshuffle has current intra-ZANU-PF discohesion and a been the first remedy. So, the reshuffle trinity of interwoven matrices in was manufactured to “manage” President Robert Mugabe’s struggle to Mnangagwa and show his followers and capture ZANU-PF and 2018 elections – anybody in ZANU-PF where power lies, greed, power and patronage. capture strategic state machinery and create an electioneering hand ahead of the 2018 elections. How has the Mnangagwa management scheme been executed through this reshuffle? Firstly, the reshuffle has confused the securocrat syndicate which wields an overwhelming share in Mnangagwa’s force majeure. By destooling Emerson Mnangagwa in the Ministry of Justice, Legal and Source: The Herald 9 October 2017 Parliamentary Affairs and replacing him with a securocrat CIO Director-General A critical analysis of the destooled, retired General Happyton Bonyongwe, revised and enthroned cabinet ministers President Mugabe displayed serious judo shows that, Mugabe attempts to dispel mastery: (i) cutting the enemy’s source of fears that he is no longer in control of power. The Ministry of Justice and ZANU-PF and
    [Show full text]
  • Jacob Chikuhwa a Crisis of Go
    A CRISIS OF GOVERNANCE: ZIMBABWE A CRISIS OF GOVERNANCE: ZIMBABWE Jacob Chikuhwa Algora Publishing New York © 2004 by Algora Publishing. All Rights Reserved www.algora.com No portion of this book (beyond what is permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Act of 1976) may be reproduced by any process, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, without the express written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 0-87586-284-5 (softcover) ISBN: 0-87586-285-3 (hardcover) ISBN: 0-87586-286-1 (ebook) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chikuhwa, Jacob W. (Jacob Wilson), 1940- A crisis of governance : Zimbabwe / Jacob Chikuhwa. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 0-87586-284-5 (trade paper : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-285-3 (hard cover : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-286-1 1. Zimbabwe—Politics and government—1980- I. Title. JQ2925.C47 2004 320.96891—dc22 2004006344 Printed in the United States This book is dedicated to all the people who were tortured and those who died for the liberation and for the democratic process underway in Zimbabwe. I also dedicate the book to those who are campaigning to make Zimbabwe a truly democratic society. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my wife Raisa, my son Tonderai-Wilson and his wife Assiati and my daughter Eleonora-Ngwarai, and all my friends and acquaintances who have directly or indirectly made the task of writing this book more easy, bearable and even pleasurable. These include pastors Doug and Jodi Fondell, who provided me with material and moral support when I had just returned to Sweden at the end of April 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • World Health Organization 2017
    ● SIXTY-SEVENTH SESSION OF THE WHO REGIONAL COMMITTEE FOR AFRICA: FINAL REPORT ISBN: 978-929023394-7 © World Health Organization 2017 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization. Suggested citation. Sixty-seventh session of the WHO Regional Committee for Africa: Final Report, Brazzaville: World Health Organization. Regional Office for Africa; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data. CIP data are available at http://apps.who.int/iris. Sales, rights and licensing. To purchase WHO publications, see http://apps.who.int/bookorders.
    [Show full text]
  • Country of Origin Information Report Zimbabwe December 2007
    COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT ZIMBABWE 12 DECEMBER 2007 Border and Immigration Agency COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE ZIMBABWE 12 DECEMBER 2007 Contents PREFACE LATEST NEWS EVENTS IN ZIMBABWE, FROM 1 DECEMBER 2007 TO 12 DECEMBER 2007 REPORTS ON ZIMBABWE PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED SINCE 1 DECEMBER 2007 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY........................................................................................ 1.01 Map ................................................................................................ 1.06 2. ECONOMY............................................................................................ 2.01 Indigenisation and Empowerment Bill ....................................... 2.11 3. HISTORY.............................................................................................. 3.01 Post-Independence ...................................................................... 3.04 Matabeleland Insurgency 1983–87 ............................................. 3.05 Matabeleland Insurgency – Political developments.................. 3.06 4. LAND REFORM..................................................................................... 4.01 5. SANCTIONS AND COMMONWEALTH SUSPENSION .................................. 5.01 6. ELECTORAL HISTORY .......................................................................... 6.01 Parliamentary Elections – March 2005 ....................................... 6.01 Senate Elections – November 2005 ............................................ 6.12 By-Elections
    [Show full text]
  • ZANU- PF's Strategies in Zimbabwe
    The London School of Economics and Political Science Campaigning, Coercion, and Clientelism: ZANU- PF’s strategies in Zimbabwe’s presidential elections, 2008-13 McDonald Lewanika A thesis submitted to the Department of Government of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, December 2019 1 DECLARATION I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 101,684 words . 2 ABSTRACT This thesis engages the puzzle of why competitive authoritarian regimes campaign when they could achieve their desired ends through violence, electoral manipulation and other illicit strategies to retain power. It uses Zimbabwe’s ruling party - the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front’s (ZANU- PF) election in the run-up to the 2008 and 2013 presidential campaigns. The thesis bases its analysis on the classification of constituencies into three main types: ZANU-PF-aligned constituencies (ZACs), opposition-aligned constituencies (OACs), and battleground constituencies (BCs).
    [Show full text]