DOCSLIB.ORG

Country of Origin Information Report Zimbabwe December 2007

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Country of Origin Information Report Zimbabwe December 2007 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT ZIMBABWE 12 DECEMBER 2007 Border and Immigration Agency COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE ZIMBABWE 12 DECEMBER 2007 Contents PREFACE LATEST NEWS EVENTS IN ZIMBABWE, FROM 1 DECEMBER 2007 TO 12 DECEMBER 2007 REPORTS ON ZIMBABWE PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED SINCE 1 DECEMBER 2007 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY........................................................................................ 1.01 Map ................................................................................................ 1.06 2. ECONOMY............................................................................................ 2.01 Indigenisation and Empowerment Bill ....................................... 2.11 3. HISTORY.............................................................................................. 3.01 Post-Independence ...................................................................... 3.04 Matabeleland Insurgency 1983–87 ............................................. 3.05 Matabeleland Insurgency – Political developments.................. 3.06 4. LAND REFORM..................................................................................... 4.01 5. SANCTIONS AND COMMONWEALTH SUSPENSION .................................. 5.01 6. ELECTORAL HISTORY .......................................................................... 6.01 Parliamentary Elections – March 2005 ....................................... 6.01 Senate Elections – November 2005 ............................................ 6.12 By-Elections in 2005 .................................................................... 6.17 By-Elections in 2006 .................................................................... 6.18 By-Elections in 2007 .................................................................... 6.22 7. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS...................................................................... 7.01 The Government Imposes Price Cuts ........................................ 7.01 The Government Crushes Student Demonstrations................. 7.11 Student protests......................................................................... 7.11 8. CONSTITUTION..................................................................................... 8.01 Constitutional Amendment (No 17) Bill...................................... 8.08 Constitutional Amendment (No 18) Act...................................... 8.14 9. POLITICAL SYSTEM .............................................................................. 9.01 State Structures............................................................................ 9.01 Zimbabwean Electoral Commission........................................... 9.03 ZANU-PF........................................................................................ 9.05 ZANU-PF discuss extending Mugabe’s term of office ............... 9.13 Mugabe secures endorsement for 2008 .................................... 9.17 Human Rights 10. INTRODUCTION................................................................................... 10.01 11. SECURITY FORCES............................................................................. 11.01 Police............................................................................................. 11.10 Arbitrary arrest and detention .................................................... 11.19 Torture ....................................................................................... 11.24 Extra-judicial killings .................................................................. 11.35 Armed forces ................................................................................ 11.37 ii This Country of Origin Information Report contains the most up-to-date publicly available information as at 12 December 2007. Older source material has been included where it contains relevant information not available in more recent documents. 12 DECEMBER 2007 ZIMBABWE Patriotic Guards ........................................................................... 11.49 Arbitrary arrest and detention .................................................... 11.50 Torture ....................................................................................... 11.51 Extra-judicial killings .................................................................. 11.53 Central Intelligence Organisation ............................................... 11.54 Other government forces ............................................................ 11.73 ZANU-PF Youth ............................................................................ 11.73 Compulsory service............................................................... 11.78 Recruitment........................................................................... 11.83 Treatment of recruits in the NYS scheme ............................. 11.85 Actions of the youth militia .................................................... 11.89 Impunity................................................................................. 11.99 War Veterans ................................................................................ 11.100 Avenues of complaint .................................................................. 11.117 The Office of the Ombudsman................................................... 11.117 12. MILITARY SERVICE ............................................................................. 12.01 Conscientious objection.............................................................. 12.05 13. JUDICIARY ......................................................................................... 13.01 Organisation ................................................................................. 13.02 Judicial independence................................................................. 13.04 14. ARREST AND DETENTION – LEGAL RIGHTS .......................................... 14.01 15. PRISON CONDITIONS .......................................................................... 15.01 16. DEATH PENALTY ................................................................................ 16.01 17. POLITICAL AFFILIATION ...................................................................... 17.01 Freedom of political expression ................................................. 17.01 Freedom of association and assembly ...................................... 17.09 Growing civil unrest and protests............................................... 17.19 Opposition demonstration suppressed/leaders tortured......... 17.26 Background................................................................................ 17.27 11 March 2007 and subsequent events..................................... 17.31 Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) stay-away ......... 17.37 Mugabe threatens the diplomatic community ............................ 17.39 The crackdown continues .......................................................... 17.42 Opposition groups and political activists.................................. 17.54 The Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) ......................... 17.54 Women of Zimbabwe Arise (WOZA) ......................................... 17.74 18. FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND MEDIA....................................................... 18.01 Treatment of journalists .............................................................. 18.20 19. HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS, ORGANISATIONS AND ACTIVISTS .......... 19.01 Human rights activists................................................................. 19.01 20. FREEDOM OF RELIGION ...................................................................... 20.01 Religious groups .......................................................................... 20.09 21. WITCHCRAFT ..................................................................................... 21.01 22. ETHNIC GROUPS ................................................................................ 22.01 Shona ............................................................................................ 22.02 Ndebele ......................................................................................... 22.04 Whites............................................................................................ 22.07 Asians............................................................................................ 22.10 Farm workers of Malawian, Zambian and Mozambican origin. 22.14 Albinos .......................................................................................... 22.20 Other ethnic minorities ................................................................ 22.22 23. LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL AND TRANSGENDER PERSONS ..................... 23.01 Legal rights .............................................................................. 23.01 Government attitudes.............................................................. 23.05 This Country of Origin Information Report contains the most up-to-date publicly available information as at 12 December 2007. iii Older source material has been included where it contains relevant information not available in more recent documents. ZIMBABWE 12 DECEMBER 2007 Societal ill-treatment or discrimination ................................. 23.07 24. DISABILITY ........................................................................................ 24.01 25. WOMEN ............................................................................................. 25.01 Political rights..............................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • On the Shoulders of Struggle, Memoirs of a Political Insider by Dr
    On the Shoulders of Struggle: Memoirs of a Political Insider On the Shoulders of Struggle: Memoirs of a Political Insider Dr. Obert M. Mpofu Dip,BComm,MPS,PhD Contents Preface vi Foreword viii Commendations xii Abbreviations xiv Introduction: Obert Mpofu and Self-Writing in Zimbabwe xvii 1. The Mind and Pilgrimage of Struggle 1 2. Childhood and Initiation into Struggle 15 3. Involvement in the Armed Struggle 21 4. A Scholar Combatant 47 5. The Logic of Being ZANU PF 55 6. Professional Career, Business Empire and Marriage 71 7. Gukurahundi: 38 Years On 83 8. Gukurahundi and Selective Amnesia 97 9. The Genealogy of the Zimbabwean Crisis 109 10. The Land Question and the Struggle for Economic Liberation 123 11. The Post-Independence Democracy Enigma 141 12. Joshua Nkomo and the Liberation Footpath 161 13. Serving under Mugabe 177 14. Power Struggles and the Military in Zimbabwe 205 15. Operation Restore Legacy the Exit of Mugabe from Power 223 List of Appendices 249 Preface Ordinarily, people live to either make history or to immortalise it. Dr Obert Moses Mpofu has achieved both dimensions. With wanton disregard for the boundaries of a “single story”, Mpofu’s submission represents a construction of the struggle for Zimbabwe with the immediacy and novelty of a participant. Added to this, Dr Mpofu’s academic approach, and the Leaders for Africa Network Readers’ (LAN) interest, the synergy was inevitable. Mpofu’s contribution, which philosophically situates Zimbabwe’s contemporary politics and socio-economic landscape, embodies LAN Readers’ dedication to knowledge generation and, by extension, scientific growth.
    [Show full text]
  • The Zimbabwean Human Rights Crisis: a Collaborative Approach to International Advocacy
    Davidson and Purohit: The Zimbabwean Human Rights Crisis: A Collaborative Approach to International Advocacy Note from the Field The Zimbabwean Human Rights Crisis: A Collaborative Approach to International Advocacy Lorna Davidson and Raj Purohitt Over the past several years, a serious human rights crisis has developed in Zimbabwe, where President Robert Mugabe employs repressive measures to cling to power. Civil society and human rights groups in Zimbabwe are among those who have come under attack by the government, and they face an extremely difficult challenge in bringing about positive change in the country. This article describes the development of the current crisis in Zimbabwe, focusing on the problems faced by local activists and organizations that seek to promote greater respect for human rights. It further discusses one recent initiative launched by the U.S.-based organization Human Rights First,which organized a consultative meeting of regional civil society groups in August 2003. The article addresses the role that can and should be played by internationalcivil society organizations, which must be sensitive to the contextual dynamics particularto the Zimbabwean crisis and to the region. If they are to be in any way effective, such organizations must act in supportof local actors and stronger regional networks. t Lorna Davidson is a Senior Associate in the Human Rights Defenders Program at Human Rights First in New York, N.Y, and Raj Purohit is the Legislative Director in the Washington, D.C. Office of Human Rights First. Human Rights First is the new name for the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights as of February 2004.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the 2000 Parliamentary Elections Zimbabwe 24 – 25 June 2000
    Report On The 2000 Parliamentary Elections Zimbabwe 24 – 25 June 2000 Zimbabwe Election Support Network ZESN 2000 Parliamentary Elections Report 1 Acronyms ANP African National Party CSO Civil Society Organisation ED Election Directorate ESC Electoral Supervisory Commission LPZ Liberty Party of Zimbabwe MDC Movement for Democratic Change MOP Multi – Racial Open Party NDU National Democratic Union NGO Non Governmental Organisation NPA National People’s Alliance NPP National People’s Party PDF Popular Democratic Front UP United Parties ZANU Zimbabwe African National Union ZANU PF Zimbabwe African National Union (Patriotic Front) ZAPU Zimbabwe African People’s Union ZBC Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation ZCP Zimbabwe Congress Party ZESN Zimbabwe Election Support Network ZIP Zimbabwe Integrated Party ZPP Zimbabwe Progressive Party ZUD Zimbabwe Union of Democrats ZESN 2000 Parliamentary Elections Report 2 Table of Contents Members of the Zimbabwe Election Support Network ………………………… 5 Acknowledgements …………………………………………………………………6 Executive Summary ………………………………………………………………...8 Introduction ………………………………………………………..……………….10 The Report …………………………………………………………………………10 The Zimbabwe Election Support Network ………………………………………11 Working Methods ………………………………………………………………….11 The Election Context ……………………………………………………………...13 1. Constitutional and Legal Framework of the 2000 Parliamentary….….14 1.1 Constitutional Provisions ...……………………………………………….14 1.2 The Delimitation Commission and its Functions ……………………….15 1.3 The 2000 Delimitation Commission Report ……………………………15
    [Show full text]
  • Roy Leslie Bennett V. Emerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa
    REPORTABLE (76) Judgment No SC 75/05 Civil Application No 16/05 ROY LESLIE BENNETT v (1) EMMERSON DAMBUDZO MNANGAGWA (in his capacity as the SPEAKER OF THE PARLIAMENT OF ZIMBABWE) (2) PAUL MANGWANA (3) JOYCE MUJURU (4) CHIEF MANGWENDE (5) WELSHMAN NCUBE (6) TENDAI BITI (7) THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL SUPREME COURT OF ZIMBABWE CHIDYAUSIKU CJ, SANDURA JA, CHEDA JA, MALABA JA & GWAUNZA JA HARARE, MAY 26, 2005 & MARCH 9, 2006 J. J. Gauntlett, SC., with him A.P. de Bourbon SC, for the applicant S.J.Chihambakwe, with him J Mhlanga, for the first, second, third and fourth respondents R. Gatsi, for the seventh respondent (intervener) CHIDYAUSIKU CJ: This application is brought in terms of s 24 of the Constitution of Zimbabwe. Section 24 of the Constitution provides that any person who alleges that the Declaration of Rights has been, is being, or is likely to be, contravened in relation to him may apply to the Supreme Court for redress. The applicant, who was at the relevant time a Member of Parliament, assaulted Mr Patrick Chinamasa, MP, Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs, and Leader of the House (hereinafter referred to as “Chinamasa”). The assault took place in Parliament while it was in session. He was charged with, and found guilty of, contempt of Parliament. He was sentenced, by 2 S.C. 75/05 Parliament, to fifteen months’ imprisonment of which three months’ imprisonment was suspended on certain conditions. The applicant challenges that conviction and punishment on the following four grounds - 1. The proceedings violated his constitutional and fundamental right to a fair hearing by an independent and impartial court or other adjudicating body protected by s 18(1),(2) and (9) of the Constitution of Zimbabwe (“the Constitution”).
    [Show full text]
  • India Zimbabwe Relations
    India Zimbabwe Relations India and Zimbabwe have a long history of close and cordial relations. During the era of the Munhumutapa Kingdom, Indian merchants established strong links with Zimbabwe, trading in textiles, minerals and metals. Sons of the royal house of Munhumutapa journeyed to India to broaden their education. In the 17th century, a great son of Zimbabwe, Dom Miguel – Prince, Priest and Professor, and heir to the imperial throne of the Mutapas – studied in Goa. An inscribed pillar stands today at a chapel in Goa, a tribute to his intellectual stature. India supported Zimbabwe’s freedom struggle. Former Prime Minister Smt. Indira Gandhi attended Zimbabwean independence celebrations in 1980. There were frequent exchanges of high level visits in the past, bilateral or to attend Summits such as NAM, CHOGM and G-15. Former Prime Minister Shri Vajpayee and President Mugabe met twice in the year 2003 on the sidelines of UNGA and NAM Summit. Former President Mugabe attended the IAFS-III held Delhi in 2015. Visits from India to Zimbabwe 1980 – Prime Minister Smt. Indira Gandhi – to attend Independence Celebrations of Zimbabwe. 1986 – Prime Minister Shri Rajiv Gandhi to attend NAM Summit. 1989 – President Shri R. Venkataraman 1991 – Prime Minister Shri Narasimha Rao – to attend CHOGM Summit 1995 – President Dr. S. D. Sharma 1996 – Prime Minister Shri H. D. Deve Gowda for the G-15 Summit 2018 - Vice President, Shri Venkaiah Naidu- Official Visit Visits from Zimbabwe to India 1981 – President Robert Gabriel Mugabe 1983 – President Robert Gabriel Mugabe to attend CHOGM and NAM Summits 1987 – President Mugabe – Africa Fund Summit 1991 – President Mugabe – Nehru Award Presentation 1993 – President Mugabe 1994 – President Mugabe – G-15 Summit 2015 – President Mugabe – IAFS-III Summit 2018 - Vice President General(Retd) Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Daily Media Monitoring Report Issue 21: 28 June 2018
    Daily Media Monitoring Report Issue 21: 28 June 2018 Table of Contents 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 2 1.2 Key Events ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Media Monitored .................................................................................................... 2 Methodology ................................................................................................................ 3 2.0 Did the media represent political parties in a fair and balanced manner? ............. 3 2.1 Space and time dedicated to political parties in private and public media ........ 3 2.2 Space and time dedicated to political actors in private and public media ......... 5 2.3 Tone of coverage for political parties ................................................................. 6 2.4 Gender representation in election programmes ................................................ 7 2.5 Youth representation in election programmes ................................................... 8 2.6 Time dedicated to political players in the different programme types in broadcast media ...................................................................................................... 7 3.0 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 10 The media have an ethical obligation to be impartial in their coverage of electoral 1
    [Show full text]
  • Zimbabwe Apr2001
    ZIMBABWE ASSESSMENT April 2001 Country Information and Policy Unit CONTENTS I SCOPE OF DOCUMENT 1.1 - 1.5 II GEOGRAPHY 2.1 - 2.4 III HISTORY 3.1 - 3.40 Foundations of Zimbabwe 3.1 - 3.5 Matabeleland Insurgency 1983-87 3.6 - 3.8 Elections 1995 & 1996 3.9 - 3.10 Movement for Democratic Change 3.11 - 3.12 Constitutional Referendum, February 2000 3.13 - 3.14 Parliamentary Elections, June 2000 3.15 - 3.23 - Background 3.15 - 3.16 - Election Violence & Farm Occupations 3.17 - 3.18 - Election Results 3.19 - 3.23 Post-Election Violence & Intimidation 3.24 - 3.34 Bikita West By-election 3.35 - 3.36 Legal Challenges to Election Results 3.37 - 3.40 IV INSTRUMENTS OF THE STATE 4.1 - 4.20 Political System: 4.1 - 4.14 - Administrative Structure 4.1 - 4.3 - ZANU-PF 4.4 - Movement for Democratic Change 4.5 - 4.7 - ZANU-Ndonga 4.8 - Liberty Party/Liberty Party of Zimbabwe 4.9 - 4.11 - Other Minor Parties 4.12 - 4.14 Legal Framework & Judiciary 4.15 - 4.20 V HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION HUMAN RIGHTS: INTRODUCTION 5.1 - 5.4 Introduction 5.1 - 5.2 Human Rights Organisations in Zimbabwe 5.3 - 5.4 HUMAN RIGHTS: SPECIFIC GROUPS 5.5 - 5.32 Women 5.5 - 5.10 Children 5.11 - 5.13 Ethnic Groups: 5.14 - 5.26 - Shona 5.14 - Ndebele 5.15 - 5.16 - Whites 5.17 - 5.23 - Asians 5.24 - Other Ethnic Minorities 5.25 - 5.26 Homosexuals 5.27 - 5.32 - Canaan Banana's trial 5.32 HUMAN RIGHTS: OTHER ISSUES 5.33 - 5.83 Freedom of Assembly & Political Association 5.33 Freedom of Speech & of the Press 5.34 - 5.49 Freedom of Religion 5.50 - 5.54 Witchcraft 5.55 - 5.57 Freedom of Travel 5.58 - 5.59 Military Service 5.60 - 5.65 Prison Conditions 5.66 - 5.69 Health Issues: 5.70 - 5.77 - General 5.70 - 5.72 - HIV/AIDS 5.73 - 5.77 Land Reform 5.78 - 5.83 ANNEX A: CHRONOLOGY ANNEX B: MAIN POLITICAL ORGANISATIONS ANNEX C: PROMINENT PEOPLE PAST & PRESENT ANNEX D: FULL ELECTION RESULTS JUNE 2000 (hard copy only) BIBLIOGRAPHY I.
    [Show full text]
  • Elections Statics from 31 May - 9 June 2018
    Elections statics from 31 May - 9 June 2018 Summary of stats ● Political Parties covered in the media : 31 ● Political players covered 1. Print media : 220 2. Electronic media 95 ● 5% of the political Players covered were women compared to 95% men ● 4 instances of Hate speech where recorded. Time and space dedicated to political parties in the media PARTY PRIVATE PUBLIC PRESS ZBC COMMERCIAL PRESS RADIO ZANUPF 16166 30189 21559 3374 MDC-T (NC) 6964 5000 1262 108 MDC-T 4501 4562 2648 4541 ALLIANCE NPF 2286 574 377 266 DOP 786 INDEPENDENT 565 278 179 MDC-T (TK) 511 193 737 1 ZAPU 396 129 MRP 270 NCA 158 98 578 MDC-N 65 10 NPP 53 131 22 APA 24 5 ZPF 12 DAWN 9 ZPP 3 PDP 2 202 FLOANP 0 209 557 ZDP 0 480 TZ 0 83 ID 0 91 MOPCD 0 20 TRUE 0 20 DEMOCRACY ZANU 0 20 NDONGA PRC 0 17 1 VOP 0 10 BCP 0 0 1239 MRCD 0 0 258 UANC 0 0 372 ZIPP 0 0 69 POVO 0 0 0 138 WOYE 292 Top 10 political actors in the press Actor Political Party Total Space in cm2 Emmerson Mnangagwa ZANU PF 19476 Nelson Chamisa MDC-T Alliance 7367 Kembo Mohadi ZANUPF 1903 Constantino Chiwenga ZANUPF 1733 Robert Mugabe ZANUPF 1612 George Charamba ZANUPF 949 Auxilia Mnangagwa ZANUPF 859 Simon Khaya Moyo ZANUPF 838 Douglas Mwonzora MDC-T Alliance 779 Tendai Biti MDC-T Alliance 737 Top 10 political actors in the national broadcast media Actor Political Party Total time in seconds Emmerson Mnangagwa ZANUPF 10657 Tendai Biti MDC-T Alliance 3256 Douglas Mwonzora MDC-T Alliance 2436 Danny Musukuma ZANUPF 1953 Joram Gumbo ZANUPF 1625 Lovemore Madhuku NCA 1315 Willard Mugadza ZANUPF 1194 Tendai
    [Show full text]
  • Africa Briefing, Nr. 38: Zimbabwe's Continuing Self-Destruction
    Update Briefing Africa Briefing N°38 Pretoria/Brussels, 6 June 2006 Zimbabwe’s Continuing Self-Destruction I. OVERVIEW increasingly close to martial law. It has banned rallies, marches and prayer meetings during the period surrounding the anniversary and put security forces With scheduled presidential elections less than eighteen on high alert. Growing numbers of students, religious months away, Zimbabwe faces the prospect of greater activists and members of other civil society groups have insecurity and violence. The economy’s free fall has been detained. deepened public anger, and the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) party wants The rising influence of the military leadership in the to avoid a popular vote by using the legislature it controls succession struggle is troubling. Zimbabwe’s armed to establish a “transitional presidency” and appoint a forces have always been a pillar of the ruling party’s successor to Robert Mugabe, who has said he will retire. power but recent months have seen increasing military By engineering a transition, Mugabe also intends to secure involvement in the party machinery and policy formulation. a dignified personal exit that includes a retirement package The crumbling economy has meant a loss of government and security guarantees. However, such plans may come revenues, and the military rank and file are being paid less unglued due to wrangling within ZANU-PF. Through all and at irregular intervals, leading them into criminality, this the opposition Movement for Democratic Change allegedly including cross-border armed robbery. (MDC) has been weakened by a major leadership split. Government difficulties in paying the troops raise a question of whether the security forces can still be relied Low voter turnout in November 2005 deprived the newly on to put down protests.
    [Show full text]
  • ZIMBABWE COUNTRY of ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service
    ZIMBABWE COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service 25 March 2011 ZIMBABWE 25 MARCH 2011 Contents Preface Latest News EVENTS IN ZIMBABWE FROM 22 FEBRUARY 2011 TO 24 MARCH 2011 Useful news sources for further information REPORTS ON ZIMBABWE PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 22 FEBRUARY 2011 AND 24 MARCH 2011 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................ 1.01 Public holidays ..................................................................................................... 1.06 Map ........................................................................................................................ 1.07 2. ECONOMY ................................................................................................................ 2.01 Remittances .......................................................................................................... 2.06 Sanctions .............................................................................................................. 2.08 3. HISTORY (19TH CENTURY TO 2008)............................................................................. 3.01 Matabeleland massacres 1983 - 87 ..................................................................... 3.03 Political events: late 1980s - 2007...................................................................... 3.06 Events in 2008 - 2010 ........................................................................................... 3.23
    [Show full text]
  • ZIMBABWE: a Pre-Election Overview and Recovery Scenarios
    ZIMBABWE: A Pre-election Overview and Recovery Scenarios By Dianna Games A report prepared for the South African Institute of International Affairs March 2005 Zimbabwe: Recovery Scenarios 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 3 The Current Economic and Political Situation 6 The Economy 6 Foreign Exchange 9 Cash Crisis 10 Debt 11 The Financial Sector 11 The Budget 12 Relations Between the Public and Private Sectors 13 Manufacturing and Exports 13 The Land Issue 15 Agriculture 17 Energy Sector 19 Mining 19 Tourism 20 Health and HIV/AIDS 21 The Political Situation 22 Judiciary 24 Media 24 Corruption 25 The 2005 Elections 26 Regional and International Politics 28 Donors and Multilateral Organisations 31 Recovery: Scenarios and Conclusions 33 Political Change 33 Restoring the Rule of Law 37 Constitutional Review 38 The Creation of a Sound Macro-economic Environment 38 Recovery of Manufacturing and Exports 40 Land and Agriculture 41 External Assistance 42 Civil Service Reform and Capacity Building 43 Parastatal Reform and Privatisation 43 Social Spending 43 Reversing the Brain Drain 43 Regional Initiatives 44 Recovery of Key Sectors 44 Corruption 45 South African Institute of International Affairs 2 Zimbabwe: Recovery Scenarios 2005 Executive Summary Zimbabwe, a country which has experienced a drop in GDP of more than 30% in the past three years, has been classified by the United Nations as having the fastest shrinking economy in the world. It has also gone from being a country that boasted one of the most successful economies on the continent to one stalked by famine. It is now ranked 90th on the list of the world’s 94 poorest countries.
    [Show full text]
  • ZIMBABWE COUNTRY REPORT April 2004
    ZIMBABWE COUNTRY REPORT April 2004 COUNTRY INFORMATION & POLICY UNIT IMMIGRATION & NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM Zimbabwe April 2004 CONTENTS 1 Scope of the Document 1.1 –1.7 2 Geography 2.1 – 2.3 3 Economy 3.1 4 History 4.1 – 4.193 Independence 1980 4.1 - 4.5 Matabeleland Insurgency 1983-87 4.6 - 4.9 Elections 1995 & 1996 4.10 - 4.11 Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) 4.12 - 4.13 Parliamentary Elections, June 2000 4.14 - 4.23 - Background 4.14 - 4.16 - Election Violence & Farm Occupations 4.17 - 4.18 - Election Results 4.19 - 4.23 - Post-election Violence 2000 4.24 - 4.26 - By election results in 2000 4.27 - 4.28 - Marondera West 4.27 - Bikita West 4.28 - Legal challenges to election results in 2000 4.29 Incidents in 2001 4.30 - 4.58 - Bulawayo local elections, September 2001 4.46 - 4.50 - By elections in 2001 4.51 - 4.55 - Bindura 4.51 - Makoni West 4.52 - Chikomba 4.53 - Legal Challenges to election results in 2001 4.54 - 4.56 Incidents in 2002 4.57 - 4.66 - Presidential Election, March 2002 4.67 - 4.79 - Rural elections September 2002 4.80 - 4.86 - By election results in 2002 4.87 - 4.91 Incidents in 2003 4.92 – 4.108 - Mass Action 18-19 March 2003 4.109 – 4.120 - ZCTU strike 23-25 April 4.121 – 4.125 - MDC Mass Action 2-6 June 4.126 – 4.157 - Mayoral and Urban Council elections 30-31 August 4.158 – 4.176 - By elections in 2003 4.177 - 4.183 Incidents in 2004 4.184 – 4.191 By elections in 2004 4.192 – 4.193 5 State Structures 5.1 – 5.98 The Constitution 5.1 - 5.5 Political System: 5.6 - 5.21 - ZANU-PF 5.7 -
    [Show full text]