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Country of Origin Information Report Zimbabwe December 2009

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Country of Origin Information Report Zimbabwe December 2009 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT ZIMBABWE 23 DECEMBER 2009 UK BORDER AGENCY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE ZIMBABWE 23 DECEMBER 2009 Contents Preface Latest News Events in Zimbabwe from 21 November to 23 December 2009 Reports on Zimbabwe published or accessed between 21 November and 23 December 2009 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY........................................................................................ 1.01 Map ................................................................................................ 1.06 2. ECONOMY............................................................................................ 2.01 Sanctions and Commonwealth Suspension.............................. 2.10 3. HISTORY.............................................................................................. 3.01 Matabeleland Massacres 1983–87 .............................................. 3.03 Significant Events (1989 - 2007).................................................. 3.06 4. EVENTS IN 2008 AND EARLY 2009........................................................ 4.01 Parliamentary elections: March 2008 ......................................... 4.01 Presidential elections: March – June 2008 ................................ 4.04 Global Political Agreement.......................................................... 4.08 MDC joins ZANU-PF in Government........................................... 4.11 Tsvangirai sworn in as Prime Minister....................................... 4.14 5. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (EVENTS SINCE JULY 2009)........................... 5.01 Update on the power sharing government ................................ 5.01 Politically motivated violence ..................................................... 5.06 Some areas of Zimbabwe are harder hit by violence ................ 5.06 Intimidation and prosecution of MDC legislators and activists... 5.11 Roy Bennett is detained in custody ........................................... 5.14 MDC disengages from the transitional government ................. 5.15 Tsvangirai calls off boycott ........................................................ 5.25 Tensions emerge within the MDC formations............................ 5.27 6. CONSTITUTION..................................................................................... 6.01 A new constitution ....................................................................... 6.07 7. POLITICAL SYSTEM .............................................................................. 7.01 Overview ....................................................................................... 7.01 The Executive Branch.................................................................. 7.02 The Legislative Branch ................................................................ 7.03 Political Parties............................................................................. 7.04 Human Rights 8. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 8.01 9. SECURITY FORCES................................................................................. 9.01 Marange Diamond Fields............................................................. 9.06 Police............................................................................................. 9.11 Arbitrary arrest and detention .................................................... 9.17 ii The main text of this COI Report contains the most up to date publicly available information as at 20 November 2009. Further brief information on recent events and reports has been provided in the Latest News section to 23 December 2009. 23 DECEMBER 2009 ZIMBABWE Torture ....................................................................................... 9.19 Extra-judicial killings .................................................................. 9.22 Abductions/disappearances....................................................... 9.25 Armed forces ................................................................................ 9.26 Arbitrary arrest and detention .................................................... 9.29 Torture ....................................................................................... 9.31 Extra-judicial killings .................................................................. 9.34 Central Intelligence Organisation ............................................... 9.37 Other government forces ............................................................ 9.47 ZANU-PF Youth ............................................................................ 9.47 Abuses by the youth militia ........................................................ 9.56 War Veterans ................................................................................ 9.64 Abuses by War Veterans ........................................................... 9.67 Impunity of Security Forces ....................................................... 9.71 10. MILITARY SERVICE ............................................................................. 10.01 Conscientious objection.............................................................. 10.05 11. JUDICIARY ......................................................................................... 11.01 Organisation ................................................................................. 11.02 Independence and fair trial.......................................................... 11.04 12. ARREST AND DETENTION – LEGAL RIGHTS .......................................... 12.01 Role of police and security apparatus........................................ 12.01 Arrest and detention .................................................................. 12.02 13. PRISON CONDITIONS .......................................................................... 13.01 14. DEATH PENALTY ................................................................................ 14.01 15. POLITICAL AFFILIATION ...................................................................... 15.01 Freedom of political expression ................................................. 15.01 Freedom of association and assembly ...................................... 15.07 Opposition groups and political activists.................................. 15.11 Political prisoners/politically motivated violence ........................ 15.13 Inter-party violence .................................................................... 15.19 Teachers.................................................................................... 15.23 16. FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND MEDIA....................................................... 16.01 Overview of the Zimbabwean media........................................... 16.01 Public Order and Security Act (POSA)....................................... 16.11 Newspapers and journals............................................................ 16.15 Television and radio..................................................................... 16.19 The Internet................................................................................... 16.22 Treatment of journalists .............................................................. 16.23 17. HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS, ORGANISATIONS AND ACTIVISTS .......... 17.01 Abductions of human rights activists ......................................... 17.08 Women of Zimbabwe Arise (WOZA) ......................................... 17.16 National Constitutional Assembly .............................................. 17.23 18. FREEDOM OF RELIGION ...................................................................... 18.01 Witchcraft................................................................................... 18.10 19. ETHNIC GROUPS ................................................................................ 19.01 Shona ............................................................................................ 19.02 Ndebele ......................................................................................... 19.03 Whites............................................................................................ 19.05 Asians............................................................................................ 19.09 Farm workers of Malawian, Zambian and Mozambican origin. 19.11 Albinos .......................................................................................... 19.15 Other ethnic minorities ................................................................ 19.19 20. LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL AND TRANSGENDER PERSONS ..................... 20.01 Legal rights ................................................................................... 20.01 The main text of this COI Report contains the most up to date publicly available information as at 20 November 2009. Further brief iii information on recent events and reports has been provided in the Latest News section to 23 December 2009. ZIMBABWE 23 DECEMBER 2009 Treatment by, and attitudes of, State Authorities ..................... 20.08 Societal treatment and attitudes................................................. 20.10 Lesbians ....................................................................................20.15 LGBT social scene..................................................................... 20.20 21. DISABILITY ........................................................................................ 21.01 22. WOMEN ............................................................................................. 22.01
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