June 28, 2016 u vol. 113 u no. 26

From the Cover

7106 Topological defects in liquid crystals E3619 Translation control in Fragile X syndrome E3686 Voltage-sensing phosphatase activities E3782 Aerobic glycolysis and learning 7261 Electric field sensing by bumblebees

Contents

THIS WEEK IN PNAS Cover image: Pictured is a polarized 7003 In This Issue optical micrograph of a plastic sheet with an array of holes drilled into it and suspended in a nematic-phase liquid LETTERS (ONLINE ONLY) crystal. Lisa Tran et al. found that such a sheet induced arrays of topological E3590 Reduced nitrogen dominated nitrogen deposition in the United States, but its defect lines in a nematic liquid crystal. contribution to nitrogen deposition in China decreased The authors further demonstrated how Xuejun Liu, Wen Xu, Enzai Du, Yuepeng Pan, and Keith Goulding the energy of the liquid crystal and the E3592 Reply to Liu et al.: On the importance of US deposition of nitrogen dioxide, geometry of the holes affect the defect coarse particle nitrate, and organic nitrogen patterns. The findings might have Yi Li, Bret A. Schichtel, John T. Walker, Donna B. Schwede, Xi Chen, Christopher M. B. applications in electronic displays, Lehmann, Melissa A. Puchalski, David A. Gay, and Jeffrey L. Collett Jr. where nematic liquid crystals are widely used. See the article by Tran et al. on E3594 Rise and fall of nitrogen deposition in the United States pages 7106–7111. Image courtesy of Enzai Du Lisa Tran. E3596 Adult pelvic shape change is an evolutionary side effect Philipp Mitteroecker and Barbara Fischer E3597 Reply to Mitteroecker and Fischer: Developmental solutions to the obstetrical dilemma are not Gouldian spandrels Marcia S. Ponce de Leo´n, Alik Huseynov, and Christoph P. E. Zollikofer

INNER WORKINGS—An over-the-shoulder look at scientists at work 7005 Will hagfish yield the fibers of the future? Amber Dance

CORE CONCEPTS—A brief introduction to emerging topics in science 7007 Basket trial approach capitalizes on the molecular mechanisms of tumors Stephen Ornes

COMMENTARIES 7009 Promiscuous or discriminating: Has the favored mRNA target of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein been overlooked? Aoife C. McMahon and Michael Rosbash See companion article on page E3619

Free online through the PNAS open access option. PNAS u June 28, 2016 u vol. 113 u no. 26 u iii–vii Downloaded by guest on October 1, 2021 7012 Simple scheme of lipid enzyme can explain complex EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, AND PLANETARY SCIENCES lives of phosphoinositides 7071 Silicic volcanism on Mars evidenced by tridymite in Yasushi Okamura high-SiO2 sedimentary rock at Gale crater See companion article on page E3686 Richard V. Morris, David T. Vaniman, David F. Blake, Ralf Gellert, 7015 Imaging brain aerobic glycolysis as a marker of Steve J. Chipera, Elizabeth B. Rampe, Douglas W. Ming, Shaunna M. Morrison, Robert T. Downs, Allan H. Treiman, synaptic plasticity Albert S. Yen, John P. Grotzinger, Cherie N. Achilles, Thomas F. Pierre J. Magistretti Bristow, Joy A. Crisp, David J. Des Marais, Jack D. Farmer, See companion article on page E3782 Kim V. Fendrich, Jens Frydenvang, Trevor G. Graff, 7017 The VEXing problem of monoallelic expression in the John-Michael Morookian, Edward M. Stolper, African trypanosome and Susanne P. Schwenzer Danae Schulz and F. Nina Papavasiliou 7077 Shock synthesis of quasicrystals with implications for See companion article on page 7225 their origin in asteroid collisions Paul D. Asimow, Chaney Lin, Luca Bindi, Chi Ma, Oliver 7020 Electric fields of flowers stimulate the sensory hairs of Tschauner, Lincoln S. Hollister, and Paul J. Steinhardt bumble bees Harold H. Zakon 7082 Magnesium isotope geochemistry in arc volcanism Fang-Zhen Teng, Yan Hu, and Catherine Chauvel See companion article on page 7261 7189 Late Cenozoic onset of the latitudinal diversity gradient of North American mammals PNAS PLUS Jonathan D. Marcot, David L. Fox, and Spencer R. Niebuhr 7022 Significance Statements ENGINEERING Brief statements written by the authors about the significance of their papers. E3599 Longitudinal multiparameter assay of lymphocyte interactions from onset by microfluidic cell pairing and culture Burak Dura, Mariah M. Servos, Rachel M. Barry, Hidde L. Ploegh, PERSPECTIVE Stephanie K. Dougan, and Joel Voldman 7026 Electron collisions with atoms, ions, molecules, and 7088 Highly specific SNP detection using 2D graphene surfaces: Fundamental science empowering electronics and DNA strand displacement advances in technology Michael T. Hwang, Preston B. Landon, Joon Lee, Klaus Bartschat and Mark J. Kushner Duyoung Choi, Alexander H. Mo, Gennadi Glinsky, and Ratnesh Lal 7094 Flexible, solid-state, ion-conducting membrane with PHYSICAL SCIENCES 3D garnet nanofiber networks for lithium batteries Kun (Kelvin) Fu, Yunhui Gong, Jiaqi Dai, Amy Gong, APPLIED MATHEMATICS Xiaogang Han, Yonggang Yao, Chengwei Wang, Yibo Wang, 7035 Hierarchical structures of amorphous solids characterized Yanan Chen, Chaoyi Yan, Yiju Li, Eric D. Wachsman, by persistent homology and Liangbing Hu Yasuaki Hiraoka, Takenobu Nakamura, Akihiko Hirata, Emerson G. 7201 Superresolution imaging reveals nanometer- and Escolar, Kaname Matsue, and Yasumasa Nishiura micrometer-scale spatial distributions of T-cell receptors in lymph nodes APPLIED PHYSICAL SCIENCES Ying S. Hu, Hu Cang, and Bjo¨rn F. Lillemeier 7041 Polymers in the gut compress the colonic mucus hydrogel PHYSICS Sujit S. Datta, Asher Preska Steinberg, and Rustem F. Ismagilov 7100 Emergent perversions in the buckling of 7047 Scaling identity connects human mobility and heterogeneous elastic strips social interactions Shuangping Liu, Zhenwei Yao, Kevin Chiou, Samuel I. Pierre Deville, Chaoming Song, Nathan Eagle, Vincent D. Stupp, and Monica Olvera de la Cruz Blondel, Albert-La´szlo´ Baraba´si, and Dashun Wang 7106 Lassoing saddle splay and the geometrical control of 7053 How the toughness in metallic glasses depends on topological defects topological and chemical heterogeneity Lisa Tran, Maxim O. Lavrentovich, Daniel A. Beller, Ningwei Li, Qi An, Konrad Samwer, Marios D. Demetriou, Michael C. Kathleen J. Stebe, and Randall D. Kamien Floyd, Danielle O. Duggins, William L. Johnson, and William A. Goddard III SOCIAL SCIENCES 7059 Evaporation-induced stimulation of bacterial osmoregulation for electrical assessment POLITICAL SCIENCES of cell viability 7112 A field experiment shows that subtle linguistic cues Aida Ebrahimi and Muhammad Ashraful Alam might not affect voter behavior Alan S. Gerber, Gregory A. Huber, Daniel R. Biggers, CHEMISTRY and David J. Hendry 7065 Chemical properties of lipids strongly affect the kinetics of the membrane-induced aggregation SOCIAL SCIENCES of α-synuclein 7047 Scaling identity connects human mobility and Ce´line Galvagnion, James W. P. Brown, Myriam M. Ouberai, social interactions Patrick Flagmeier, Michele Vendruscolo, Alexander K. Buell, Pierre Deville, Chaoming Song, Nathan Eagle, Vincent D. Emma Sparr, and Christopher M. Dobson Blondel, Albert-La´szlo´ Baraba´si, and Dashun Wang

iv u www.pnas.org Contents Downloaded by guest on October 1, 2021 7148 Structures of trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES from pathogenic fungi reveal the mechanisms of AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES substrate recognition and catalysis 7118 Overexpression of a pH-sensitive nitrate transporter in Yi Miao, Jennifer L. Tenor, Dena L. Toffaletti, Erica J. Washington, Jiuyu Liu, William R. Shadrick, Maria A. Schumacher, Richard E. Lee, rice increases crop yields John R. Perfect, and Richard G. Brennan Xiaorong Fan (范晓荣), Zhong Tang (唐仲), Yawen Tan (谭雅文), Yong Zhang (张勇), Bingbing Luo (罗冰冰), Meng Yang (杨锰), 7154 Structure of a phleboviral envelope glycoprotein reveals Xingming Lian (练兴明), Qirong Shen (沈其荣), Anthony John a consolidated model of membrane fusion Miller, and Guohua Xu (徐国华) Steinar Halldorsson, Anna-Janina Behrens, Karl Harlos, Juha T. Huiskonen, Richard M. Elliott, Max Crispin, Benjamin Brennan, APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES and Thomas A. Bowden

E3609 Outer membrane vesicles displaying engineered BIOPHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY glycotopes elicit protective antibodies E3649 Defining chromosomal translocation risks in cancer Linxiao Chen, Jenny L. Valentine, Chung-Jr Huang, Christine E. Marc A. Hogenbirk, Marinus R. Heideman, Iris de Rink, Arno Velds, Endicott, Tyler D. Moeller, Jed A. Rasmussen, Joshua R. Ron M. Kerkhoven, Lodewyk F. A. Wessels, and Heinz Jacobs Fletcher, Joseph M. Boll, Joseph A. Rosenthal, Justyna Dobruchowska, Zhirui Wang, Christian Heiss, Parastoo Azadi, E3657 Rational design and validation of a vanilloid-sensitive David Putnam, M. Stephen Trent, Bradley D. Jones, TRPV2 ion channel and Matthew P. DeLisa Fan Yang (杨帆), Simon Vu, Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy, 郑劼 7124 PROTAC-induced BET protein degradation as a and Jie Zheng ( ) therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer 7041 Polymers in the gut compress the colonic Kanak Raina, Jing Lu, Yimin Qian, Martha Altieri, Deborah mucus hydrogel Gordon, Ann Marie K. Rossi, Jing Wang, Xin Chen, Hanqing Sujit S. Datta, Asher Preska Steinberg, and Rustem F. Ismagilov Dong, Kam Siu, James D. Winkler, Andrew P. Crew, Craig M. 7160 Structural basis of adhesive binding by desmocollins Crews, and Kevin G. Coleman and desmogleins Oliver J. Harrison, Julia Brasch, Gorka Lasso, Phinikoula S. BIOCHEMISTRY Katsamba, Goran Ahlsen, Barry Honig, and Lawrence Shapiro E3619 Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) controls 7166 Amino acid sequence repertoire of the bacterial diacylglycerol kinase activity in neurons proteome and the occurrence of Ricardos Tabet, Enora Moutin, Je´roˆme A. J. Becker, Dimitri untranslatable sequences _ Heintz, Laetitia Fouillen, Eric Flatter, Wojciech Kre˛ zel, Violaine Sharon Penias Navon, Guy Kornberg, Jin Chen, Tali Alunni, Pascale Koebel, Doulaye Dembe´le´, Flora Tassone, Schwartzman, Albert Tsai, Elisabetta Viani Puglisi, Joseph D. Barbara Bardoni, Jean-Louis Mandel, Nicolas Vitale, Dominique Puglisi, and Noam Adir Muller, Julie Le Merrer, and Herve´ Moine See Commentary on page 7009 7171 Structure of a low-population binding intermediate in protein-RNA recognition E3629 Conformational dynamics of a G-protein α subunit is Aditi N. Borkar, Michael F. Bardaro Jr., Carlo Camilloni, tightly regulated by nucleotide binding Francesco A. Aprile, Gabriele Varani, and Michele Vendruscolo David Goricanec, Ralf Stehle, Pascal Egloff, Simina Grigoriu, Andreas Plu¨ckthun, Gerhard Wagner, and Franz Hagn CELL BIOLOGY E3639 Phosphorylation of CMG helicase and Tof1 is required E3667 Profiling DNA damage-induced phosphorylation in for programmed fork arrest budding yeast reveals diverse signaling networks Deepak Bastia, Pankaj Srivastava, Shamsu Zaman, Malay Chunshui Zhou, Andrew E. H. Elia, Maria L. Naylor, Noah Choudhury, Bidyut K. Mohanty, Julien Bacal, Lance D. Langston, Dephoure, Bryan A. Ballif, Gautam Goel, Qikai Xu, Aylwin Philippe Pasero, and Michael E. O’Donnell Ng, Danny M. Chou, Ramnik J. Xavier, Steven P. Gygi, 7065 Chemical properties of lipids strongly affect the and Stephen J. Elledge kinetics of the membrane-induced aggregation E3676 Identification of S-phase DNA damage-response of α-synuclein targets in fission yeast reveals conservation of Ce´line Galvagnion, James W. P. Brown, Myriam M. Ouberai, damage-response networks Patrick Flagmeier, Michele Vendruscolo, Alexander K. Buell, Nicholas A. Willis, Chunshui Zhou, Andrew E. H. Elia, Emma Sparr, and Christopher M. Dobson Johanne M. Murray, Antony M. Carr, Stephen J. Elledge, 7130 Solution NMR structure of CsgE: Structural insights and Nicholas Rhind into a chaperone and regulator protein important E3686 Phosphoinositide 5- and 3-phosphatase activities of for functional amyloid formation a voltage-sensing phosphatase in living cells show Qin Shu, Andrzej M. Krezel, Zachary T. Cusumano, Jerome S. identical voltage dependence Pinkner, Roger Klein, Scott J. Hultgren, and Carl Frieden Dongil Keum, Martin Kruse, Dong-Il Kim, Bertil Hille, and Byung-Chang Suh 7136 Complexity of the Ruminococcus flavefaciens cellulosome reflects an expansion in glycan recognition See Commentary on page 7012 Immacolata Venditto, Ana S. Luis, Maja Rydahl, Julia Schu¨ckel, 7177 Asymmetric partitioning of transfected DNA during Vaˆnia O. Fernandes, Silvia Vidal-Melgosa, Pedro Bule, Arun mammalian cell division Goyal, Virginia M. R. Pires, Catarina G. Dourado, Luı´sM.A. Xuan Wang, Nhung Le, Annina Denoth-Lippuner, Yves Barral, Ferreira, Pedro M. Coutinho, Bernard Henrissat, J. Paul Knox, and Ruth Kroschewski Arnaud Basle´, Shabir Najmudin, Harry J. Gilbert, William G. T. 7183 Maternally supplied S-acyl-transferase is required for Willats, and Carlos M. G. A. Fontes crystalloid organelle formation and transmission of 7142 Disentangling mechanisms involved in collagen the malaria parasite pyridinoline cross-linking: The immunophilin FKBP65 Jorge M. Santos, Neuza Duarte, Jessica Kehrer, Jai Ramesar, is critical for dimerization of lysyl hydroxylase 2 M. Cristina Avramut, Abraham J. Koster, Johannes T. Dessens, Rutger A. F. Gjaltema, Miesje M. van der Stoel, Miriam Friedrich Frischknecht, Se´verine Chevalley-Maurel, Chris J. Boersema, and Ruud A. Bank Janse, Blandine Franke-Fayard, and Gunnar R. Mair

Contents PNAS u June 28, 2016 u vol. 113 u no. 26 u v Downloaded by guest on October 1, 2021 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 7213 Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) E3696 Biogenesis of sperm acrosome is regulated by as a therapeutic target to prevent retinal pre-mRNA alternative splicing of Acrbp in vasopermeability during diabetes the mouse Paul Canning, Bridget-Ann Kenny, Vivien Prise, Josephine Yoshinori Kanemori, Yoshitaka Koga, Mai Sudo, Woojin Kang, Glenn, Mosharraf H. Sarker, Natalie Hudson, Martin Brandt, Shin-ichi Kashiwabara, Masahito Ikawa, Hidetoshi Hasuwa, Francisco J. Lopez, David Gale, Philip J. Luthert, Peter Kiyoshi Nagashima, Yu Ishikawa, Narumi Ogonuki, Atsuo Adamson, Patric Turowski, and Alan W. Stitt Ogura, and Tadashi Baba 7219 Disruption of the AMPK–TBC1D1 nexus increases E3706 Mutation of Fnip1 is associated with B-cell deficiency, lipogenic gene expression and causes obesity in cardiomyopathy, and elevated AMPK activity mice via promoting IGF1 secretion Owen M. Siggs, Alexander Stockenhuber, Mukta Deobagkar-Lele, Liang Chen, Qiaoli Chen, Bingxian Xie, Chao Quan, Yang Katherine R. Bull, Tanya L. Crockford, Bethany L. Kingston, Sheng, Sangsang Zhu, Ping Rong, Shuilian Zhou, Kei Sakamoto, Greg Crawford, Consuelo Anzilotti, Violetta Steeples, Carol MacKintosh, Hong Yu Wang, and Shuai Chen Sahar Ghaffari, Gabor Czibik, Mohamed Bellahcene, Hugh Watkins, Houman Ashrafian, Benjamin Davies, Angela MICROBIOLOGY Woods, David Carling, Arash Yavari, Bruce Beutler, β and Richard J. Cornall E3745 Cross-class metallo- -lactamase inhibition by bisthiazolidines reveals multiple binding modes Philip Hinchliffe, Mariano M. Gonza´lez, Maria F. Mojica, Javier M. ECOLOGY Gonza´lez, Valerie Castillo, Cecilia Saiz, Magda Kosmopoulou, 7189 Late Cenozoic onset of the latitudinal diversity Catherine L. Tooke, Leticia I. Llarrull, Graciela Mahler, Robert A. gradient of North American mammals Bonomo, Alejandro J. Vila, and James Spencer Jonathan D. Marcot, David L. Fox, and Spencer R. Niebuhr 7225 VEX1 controls the allelic exclusion required for antigenic variation in trypanosomes ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Lucy Glover, Sebastian Hutchinson, Sam Alsford, and David Horn 7195 Achieving climate connectivity in a fragmented landscape See Commentary on page 7017 Jenny L. McGuire, Joshua J. Lawler, Brad H. McRae, Tristan A. 7231 Normocyte-binding protein required for human Nun˜ez, and David M. Theobald erythrocyte invasion by the zoonotic malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi GENETICS Robert W. Moon, Hazem Sharaf, Claire H. Hastings, Yung Shwen E3716 Conserved 33-kb haplotype in the MHC class III region Ho, Mridul B. Nair, Zineb Rchiad, Ellen Knuepfer, Abhinay Ramaprasad, Franziska Mohring, Amirah Amir, Noor A. Yusuf, regulates chronic arthritis Joanna Hall, Neil Almond, Yee Ling Lau, Arnab Pain, Michael J. Anthony C. Y. Yau, Jonatan Tuncel, Sabrina Haag, Ulrika Norin, Blackman, and Anthony A. Holder Miranda Houtman, Leonid Padyukov, and Rikard Holmdahl 7237 Temperature-responsive in vitro RNA structurome of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION Francesco Righetti, Aaron M. Nuss, Christian Twittenhoff, Sascha E3599 Longitudinal multiparameter assay of lymphocyte Beele, Kristina Urban, Sebastian Will, Stephan H. Bernhart, interactions from onset by microfluidic cell Peter F. Stadler, Petra Dersch, and Franz Narberhaus pairing and culture Burak Dura, Mariah M. Servos, Rachel M. Barry, Hidde L. Ploegh, NEUROSCIENCE Stephanie K. Dougan, and Joel Voldman E3755 Tau protein is essential for stress-induced E3725 Connectivity mapping (ssCMap) to predict A20-inducing brain pathology drugs and their antiinflammatory action in Sofia Lopes, Joa˜o Vaz-Silva, Vitor Pinto, Christina Dalla, Nikolaos cystic fibrosis Kokras, Benedikt Bedenk, Natalie Mack, Michael Czisch, Beth Malcomson, Hollie Wilson, Eleonora Veglia, Gayathri Osborne F. X. Almeida, Nuno Sousa, and Ioannis Sotiropoulos Thillaiyampalam, Ruth Barsden, Shauna Donegan, Amal El Banna, Joseph S. Elborn, Madeleine Ennis, Catriona Kelly, E3764 Activation of the molecular chaperone, sigma 1 Shu-Dong Zhang, and Bettina C. Schock receptor, preserves cone function in a murine model of inherited retinal degeneration 7201 Superresolution imaging reveals nanometer- and Jing Wang, Alan Saul, Penny Roon, and Sylvia B. Smith micrometer-scale spatial distributions of T-cell receptors in lymph nodes E3773 Tau accumulation induces synaptic impairment and Ying S. Hu, Hu Cang, and Bjo¨rn F. Lillemeier memory deficit by calcineurin-mediated inactivation 7207 B-cell–independent sialylation of IgG of nuclear CaMKIV/CREB signaling Mark B. Jones, Douglas M. Oswald, Smita Joshi, Sidney W. Yaling Yin, Di Gao, Yali Wang, Zhi-Hao Wang, Xin Wang, Whiteheart, Ron Orlando, and Brian A. Cobb Jinwang Ye, Dongqin Wu, Lin Fang, Guilin Pi, Ying Yang, Xiao-Chuan Wang, Chengbiao Lu, Keqiang Ye, and Jian-Zhi Wang MEDICAL SCIENCES E3782 Brain aerobic glycolysis and motor adaptation learning E3735 HIFI-α activation underlies a functional switch Benjamin J. Shannon, Sanjeev Neil Vaishnavi, Andrei G. in the paradoxical role of Ezh2/PRC2 in Vlassenko, Joshua S. Shimony, Jerrel Rutlin, and Marcus E. Raichle breast cancer See Commentary on page 7015 Sylvia Mahara, Puay Leng Lee, Min Feng, Vinay Tergaonkar, 7243 Transmembrane channel-like (tmc) gene regulates Wee Joo Chng, and Qiang Yu Drosophila larval locomotion 7088 Highly specific SNP detection using 2D graphene Yanmeng Guo, Yuping Wang, Wei Zhang, Shan Meltzer, electronics and DNA strand displacement Damiano Zanini, Yue Yu, Jiefu Li, Tong Cheng, Zhenhao Guo, Michael T. Hwang, Preston B. Landon, Joon Lee, Qingxiu Wang, Julie S. Jacobs, Yashoda Sharma, Daniel F. Duyoung Choi, Alexander H. Mo, Gennadi Glinsky, Eberl, Martin C. Go¨pfert, Lily Yeh Jan, Yuh Nung Jan, and Ratnesh Lal and Zuoren Wang

vi u www.pnas.org Contents Downloaded by guest on October 1, 2021 7249 Brain white matter structure and COMT gene are PSYCHOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES linked to second-language learning in adults 7272 Autonomic activity during sleep predicts memory Ping C. Mamiya, Todd L. Richards, Bradley P. Coe, Evan E. consolidation in humans Eichler, and Patricia K. Kuhl Lauren N. Whitehurst, Nicola Cellini, Elizabeth A. McDevitt, 7255 Birds have primate-like numbers of neurons in Katherine A. Duggan, and Sara C. Mednick the forebrain Seweryn Olkowicz, Martin Kocourek, Radek K. Lucan, Michal SYSTEMS BIOLOGY Portes, W. Tecumseh Fitch, Suzana Herculano-Houzel, E3801 Comparative genome-scale modelling of Staphylococcus and Pavel Nemec aureus strains identifies strain-specific metabolic capabilities linked to pathogenicity PHYSIOLOGY Emanuele Bosi, Jonathan M. Monk, Ramy K. Aziz, Marco Fondi, 7261 Mechanosensory hairs in bumblebees (Bombus Victor Nizet, and Bernhard Ø. Palsson terrestris) detect weak electric fields 7278 Real-time transposable element activity in individual Gregory P. Sutton, Dominic Clarke, Erica L. Morley, live cells and Daniel Robert Neil H. Kim (김현일), Gloria Lee, Nicholas A. Sherer, K. Michael See Commentary on page 7020 Martini, Nigel Goldenfeld, and Thomas E. Kuhlman

PLANT BIOLOGY E3792 Singlet oxygen- and EXECUTER1-mediated signaling RETRACTION (ONLINE ONLY) is initiated in grana margins and depends on the protease FtsH2 APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, ENGINEERING Liangsheng Wang (王良省), Chanhong Kim, Xia Xu, Urszula E3810 Stabilization of vaccines and antibiotics in silk and Piskurewicz, Vivek Dogra, Somesh Singh, Hanno Mahler, eliminating the cold chain and Klaus Apel Jeney Zhang, Eleanor Pritchard, Xiao Hu, Thomas Valentin, Bruce 7266 Repair of adjacent single-strand breaks is often Panilaitis, Fiorenzo G. Omenetto, and David L. Kaplan accompanied by the formation of tandem sequence duplications in plant genomes Simon Schiml, Friedrich Fauser, and Holger Puchta ix Subscription Form

Contents PNAS u June 28, 2016 u vol. 113 u no. 26 u vii Downloaded by guest on October 1, 2021