TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface Table of Contents List of Abbreviations 1. MUSEUMS AND ARCHIVES 2. ORISSA, GENERAL 2 2.1 GAZETTEERS 2 2.2 CENSUS 1961 3 2.3 VARIOUS STUDIES 4 3. HISTORY 7 3.1 EPIGRAPHY 7 3.2 NUMISMATICS 8 3.3 HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHI- CAL STUDIES 10 3.4 ACCOUNTS OF EARLY TRAVELLERS 13 3.5 HISTORY, GENERAL STUDIES 14 3.6 PERIODS OF ORISSAN HISTORY 21 3.6.1 Prehistory 21 3.6.2 Asoka and Kharavela 22 3.6.3 Early History after Kharavela 26 3.6.4 Sailodbhavas 31 3.6.5 Bhauma-Karas 32 3.6.6 Bhanjas 34 3.6.7 Somavamsis 37 3.6.8 Gangas 40 3.6.8.1 Ganga Inscriptions 40 3.6.8.2 Ganga History, General Studies 48 3.6.9 Suryavamsis (including up to 1568 A. D.) 52 3.6.10 Afghans and Moghuls 54 3.6.11 Khurda Dynasty 56 3.6.12 Marathas 58 3.6.13 Feudatory States 59 3.6.14 South Kosala and Chhattisgarh 67 3.6.15 British Period and Independence Movement 69 4. RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY 81 4.1 GENERAL STUDIES 81 4.2 VARIOUS RELIGIONS AND CULTS 86 4.2.1 Buddhism 86 4.2.2 Jainism 4.2.3 Natha Dharma 4.2.4 Saktism (including various goddesses) 89 4.2.5 Saivism 90 xn

4.2.6 Surya Cult 91 4.2.7 Vaisnavism 92 4.2.8 Jagannatha Cult 94 4.2.9 Mahima Dharma 103

5. ART 104 5.1 GENERAL STUDIES 104 5.2 ARCHAEOLOGY ( Excavations ) 107 5.3 MONUMENTS, ARCHITECTURE 110 5.4 PLASTIC ART AND ICONOGRAPHY 118 5.5 PAINTING 122 5.6 INDUSTRIAL ART AND APPLIED ART 123 5.7 FOLK ART 124 5.8 DANCE AND MUSIC 125

6. LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE 128 6.1 LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTIC STUDIES 128 6.1.1 General 128 6.1.2 Oriya Language 128 6.1.2.1 General 128 6.1.2.2 History of the Language 133 6.1.2.3 Grammatical Studies ( Traditional and Modern ) 137 6.1.2.4 Dialect ( Regional, Social, Literary ) 140 6.1.2.5 Vocabulary 142 6.1.2.6 Lexicons and Lexical Studies 144 6.1.2.7 Oriya Script 146 6.1.2.8 Teaching Materials 148 6.1.3 Languages other than Oriya 149 6.1.3.1 General 149 6.1.3.2 Austroasiatic 149 6.1.3.3 Dravidian 151 6.1.3.4 Indo-European 153 6.2 LITERATURE 153 6.2.1 Oriya Literature 153 6.2.1.1 General 153 6.2.1.1.1 Ancient (including mythological and religious) 153 6.2.1.1.2 159 6.2.1.1.3 Modern 160 6.2.1.1.4 Miscellaneous 167 6.2.1.2 History of Literature 177 6.2.1.3 Poetry 180 6.2.1.3.1 General 180 6.2.1.3.2 Metre and Rhyme 182 6.2.1.3.3 Ancient Poetry 184 6.2.1.3.3.1 General 184 xiii

6.2.1.3.3.2 Kavyas .. .. 186 6.2.1.3.3.2.1 General .. .. 186 6.2.1.3.3.2.2 Fictional .. .. 187 6.2.1.3.3.2.3 Historical and Legendary .. .. 188 6.2.1.3.3.2.4 Mythological .. .. 188 6.2.1.3.3.3 , Sodasa, Poi, Champu, etc. .. .. 191 6.2.1.3.4 Modern Poetry .. .. 192 6.2.1.4 Dramatic Literature .. .. 199 6.2.1.5 Fiction .. .. 203 6.2.1.5.1 Ancient .. .. 203 6.2.1.5.2 Modern .... 204 6.2.1.5.2.1 Novels .. .. 204 6.2.1.5.2.2 Short Stories .. .. 206 6.2.1.6 Essay and Criticism .. .. 210 6.2.1.7 Biography—Belles Lettres—Travelogue .. .. 212 6.2.1.8 Periodicals, Magazines, Newspapers, etc. .. .. 212 6.2.1.9 Children's Literature .. .. 214 6.2.1.10 Translation .. .. 215 6.2.1.11 Individual Authors—Groups of Authors .. .. 215 6.2.1.11.1 .... 215 6.2.1.11.2 Panchasakha .. .. 219 6.2.1.11.2.1 General .. .. 219 6.2.1.11.2.2 Balaram Das .. .. 220 6.2.1.11.2.3 Das .. .. 221 6.2.1.11.3 .. .. 222 6.2.1.11.4 .. .. 226 6.2.1.11.5 Brajanatha Badajena .. .. 228 6.2.1.11.6 Abhimanyu Samantasimhara .. .. 229 6.2.1.11.7 Baladeva Rath .. .. 230 6.2.1.11.8 .. .. 231 6.2.1.11.9 Fakiramohan Senapati .. .. 235 6.2.1.11.10 .. .. 239 6.2.1.11.11 Nandakishor Bal .. .. 240 6.2.1.11.12 Gangadhara Meher ., .. 242 6.2.1.11.13 Biswanatha Kar .. .. 247 6.2.1.11.14 Chintamani Mahanti .. .. 247 6.2.1.11.15 Satyabadi Group .. .. 248 6.2.1.11.16 Sabuja Group .. .. 252 6.2.1.11.17 Baisnava Pani .. .. 253 6.2.1.11.18 Laxmikanta Mahapatra .. .. 254 6.2.1.11.19 .. .. 255 6.2.1.11.20 .. .. 255 6.2.1.11.21 .. .. 256 6.2.1.11.22 Kanhucharan Mahanty .. .. 257 6.2.1.11.23 Gopinath Mahanty ,, ff 25$ XIV

6.2.1.11.24 Surendra Mahanty .. ## 259 6.2.2 Sanskrit Literature .. .. 259 6.2.2.1 General .. .. 259 6.2.2.2 Vedic Literature .. .. 262 6.2.2.3 Smrti and Puranic Literature .. .. 262 6.2.2.4 Kavyas, Plays, Champus, etc. .. .. 263 6.2.2.4.1 General .. .. 263 6.2.2.4.2 and .. .. 265 6.2.2.5 Poetics .... 267 6.3 FOLKLORE .. .. 267 7. SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY .. .. 272 7.1 GENERAL STUDIES .. .. 272 7.2 CASTES .. .. 278 7.3 TRIBES .. .. 281 7.3.1 Bhuiyas .. .. 281 7.3.2 Bhumij .. .. 283 7.3.3 Gond .. .. 283 7.3.4 Ho .... 284 7.3.5 Juang .. .. 285 7.3.6 Kandh .. .. 286 7.3.7 Oraon .. .. 289 7.3.8 Santal .. .. 290 7.3.9 Saora .. .. 292 7.3.10 Various Tribes _ mm 294 7.4 PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AND DEMOGRAPHY .. 300

8. EDUCATION .. .. 303 9. POLITICS, GOVERNMENT AND ADMINISTRATION . 306 9.1 GENERAL STUDIES .. " 306 9.2 GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS .. [] 308 9.2.1 Various Departments . # ## 308 9.2.2 Revenue and Settlement # # _ # 313 9.2.2.1 General Studies %m # 313 9.2.2.2 Special Settlement Reports , # # p 314

10. ECONOMY .. .. 318 10.1 GENERAL STUDIES _ 318 10.2 GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS ,*' .'.' 326 11. MISCELLANEOUS STUDIES .. .. 334 12. CLASSIFIED ADDENDA .. .. 337 AUTHORS INDEX ., ,. 392