MAKERS OF MODERN ODISHA Utkala Gourav Madhusudan Das Utkalamani Pandit Gopabandhu Das Maharaja K.C. Gajapati Narayan Dev Maharaja S.C. Bhanj Deo Vyasakabi Fakir Mohan Senapati MAKERS OF MODERN ODISHA Kabibara Radhanath Ray Swabhavakabi Gangadhar Meher Pandit Neelakantha Das Dr. Harekrushna Mahtab Biju Patnaik BANDE UTKALA JANANI Kantakabi Laxmikanta Mohapatra BANDE UTKALA JANANI Óë¢ÿÀÿÉæÁÿç-Óë{Éæµÿç†ÿ-{ä†ÿ÷æ, CHARU HASAMAYI CHARU BHASAMAYI jæœÿ¯ÿçjæœÿ-¨÷’ÿÉ}†ÿ-{œÿ†ÿ÷æ, JANANI, JANANI, JANANI ! {¾æSêJÌçS~-Dsf-¨¯ÿç†ÿ÷æ fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê >> ¯ÿ{¢ÿ D‡Áÿ fœÿœÿê `ÿæÀëÿÜÿæÓþßê `ÿæÀëÿ µÿæÌþßê, SUNDARA MANDIRAMANDITA-DESHA CHARU KALABALI-SHOBHITA-BESHA fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê > PUNYA TIRTHACHAYA-PURNA PRADESHA PUTA-PAYODHI-BIDHAUTA-SHARIRA JANANI, JANANI, JANANI ! TALA-TAMALA-SUSOBHITA-TIRA SHUBHRA TATINIKULA-SHIKARA-SHAMIRA Óë¢ÿÀÿ þ¢ÿçÀÿ þƒç†ÿ-{’ÿÉæ, JANANI, JANANI, JANANI ! `ÿæÀëÿLÿÁÿæ¯ÿÁÿç-{Éæµÿç†ÿ-{¯ÿÉæ, ¨ë~¿ †ÿê$ö`ÿß-¨í‚ÿö-¨÷{’ÿÉæ ¨í†ÿ-¨{ßæ™#-¯ÿç{™ò†ÿ-ÉÀÿêÀÿæ, fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê >> †ÿæÁÿ†ÿþæÁÿ-Óë{Éæµÿç†ÿ-†ÿêÀÿæ, UTKALA SURABARA-DARPITA-GEHA Éëµÿ÷†ÿsçœÿêLíÿÁÿ-ÉêLÿÀÿ-ÓþêÀÿæ ARIKULA-SHONITA-CHARCHITA-DEHA fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê >> VISWA BHUMANDALA-KRUTAVAR-SNEHA JANANI, JANANI, JANANI ! GHANA BANABHUMI RAJITA ANGE NILA BHUDHARAMALA SAJE TARANGE D‡Áÿ ÓëÀÿ¯ÿÀÿ-’ÿ¨}†ÿ-{SÜÿæ, KALA KALA MUKHARITA CHARU BIHANGE AÀÿçLëÿÁÿ-{Éæ~ç†ÿ-`ÿaÿçö†ÿ-{’ÿÜÿæ, JANANI, JANANI, JANANI ! ¯ÿçÉ´µíÿþƒÁÿ-Lõÿ†ÿ¯ÿÀÿ-{Ó§Üÿæ fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê >> Wœÿ ¯ÿœÿµíÿþç Àÿæfç†ÿ A{èÿ, œÿêÁÿ µíÿ™ÀÿþæÁÿæ Óæ{f †ÿÀÿ{èÿ, KABIKULAMAULI SUNANDANA-BANDYA BHUBANA BIGHOSHITA-KIRTI ANINDYA LÿÁÿ LÿÁÿ þëQÀÿç†ÿ `ÿæÀëÿ ¯ÿçÜÿ{èÿ DHANYE, PUNYE, CHIRA SHARANYE fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê >> JANANI, JANANI, JANANI ! SUNDARASHALI-SUSOBHITA-KSHETRA GYANA BIGYANA-PRADARSHITA-NETRA Lÿ¯ÿçLëÿÁÿ{þòÁÿç Óëœÿ¢ÿœÿ-¯ÿ¢ÿ¿æ, JOGI RUSHIGANA - UTAJA-PAVITRA µëÿ¯ÿœÿ¯ÿç{WæÌç†ÿ-Lÿêˆÿ}Aœÿç¢ÿ¿æ, JANANI, JANANI, JANANI ! ™{œÿ¿, ¨ë{~¿, `ÿçÀÿÉÀÿ{~¿ fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê, fœÿœÿê >> Our Sincere Obeisance.... Legendary leader and visionary Biju Patnaik (5th March 1916 - 17th April 1997) Our Sincere Obeisance.... Former Lok Sabha Speaker and Veteran Socialist leader late Rabi Ray Odisha Review ISSN 0970-8669 Makers of Modern Odisha FAKIR MOHAN SENAPATI romance dealing with the anarchical conditions of Orissa in the wake of Maratha invasions during Born on January 14, 1843, at the eighteenth century. He has written quite a few Mallikashpur in Balasore. Father, Laxman Charan memorable short stories, such as ‘Rebati’, Senapati and mother Tulsi Devi. He played a ‘Patent Medicine’ and ‘Randipua Ananta’. leading role in establishing the distinct identity of Fakir Mohan is also the writer of the first Oriya language and literature. Fakirmohan autobiography in Oriya, ‘ Atma Senapati is regarded as the father of Jeevan Charita’. Oriya nationalism and the modern Oriya literature. He dedicated his life Fakir Mohan’s first original for the progress of Oriya language in poem ‘ Utkala Bhramanam’ (Tours the later 19th and early 20th century. of Orissa) appeared in 1892. It is The story of Fakirmohan is indeed not really a travel book but rather the story of the “Renaissance” of an unusual and humorous survey of Oriya literature. Besides he was a the contemporary personalities social reformer and educator who prominent in the then public life of used his pen to criticize and correct Orissa. His other original poems the aberrations prevalent in the published are Puspamala (The society. He is called the father of Garland), Upahar (Gift), Puja Oriya fiction. Phula (Flowers of Worship), Prarthana (Prayer) and Dhuli (Dust-grains). He is aptly called as Thomas Hardy of Fakir Mohan Senapati translated single-handedly Orissa. The four novels of Fakirmohan, written the whole of the ‘ Ramayana’ and the ‘ between 1897 and 1915, reflect the socio- Mahabharat’. For having translated both the ‘ cultural conditions of Orissa during the eighteenth Ramayan’ and the ‘ Mahabharat’ single-handed and the nineteenth centuries. While the three and his wide versatility in the word of letters, he novels, Chhamana Atha Guntha, Mamun and is popularly known as ‘ Vyasakabi’ in Orissa. He Prayaschita explore the realities of social life in was also conferred the title ‘ Saraswati’ by the its multiple dimensions. Lachhma is a historical king of Bamra, the then feudal state. A great lover April - 2017 11 ISSN 0970-8669 Odisha Review and a creator of new era in Oriya literature he unification and integration and played a piloting was the founder of an organization called ‘ Utkala role in engineering the plans and programmes, Bhasa Unnati Bidhani Sabha’, which was started pioneering the aims and objectives and in 1867 to create a new awareness among the championing the cause of the Oriya movement. people of Orissa and to propagate Oriya language. “Utkal Sammilani” came into existence in the year Died on June 14, 1918. 1903 with the extinction of “Utkal Sabha”, it UTKAL GOURAB MADHUSUDAN DAS spearheaded the movement of the unification of Oriya-speaking units under one administration Born on 1848, April 28 at Satyabhamapur with right earnestness, disciplined plans and of Cuttack District. Father Choudhuri Raghunath programmes. Das, Mother–Parvati Devi. Madhusudan Das was the first Oriya to fetch the degree Due to the ability and of M.A.B.L., from Calcutta inspiration of Mr. Das, people of University. He was popularly all categories and sections known as Madhu Barrister, conglomerated under one respectfully regarded and political banner. It inspired addressed as “Utkal Gourav”. He people with a surging up feeling was deeply moved and shocked of oneness of culture, tradition to see the discrimination, made and language and a rare sense against the Oriyas by of nationality. This impact administrative authority. He was thundered the sky of Orissa. It convinced that the miserable plight went up to such an extent that of the Oriyas was only due to the “freedom movement” and the apathetic and indifferent attitude Oriya movement got inter-linked of authorities towards the interest under the stable leadership of of the Oriya people. The Oriyas Mr. Das and Utkalmani could not stand united only because of their Gopabandhu Das. Sometimes the two vivisection and annexation with three different movements were lacking harmony on the issue of provinces. So, he took a solid stand for the priority. This situation impelled people to join hands unification of the scattered Oriyas by organising with Mr. Das in the forum of Oriya movement, and mobilising strong public opinion among the then the Congress. Utkal Sammilani or the Utkal Oriyas and pressurised the British rulers for the Union Conference maintained its separate identity unification of the scattered Oriya-speaking tracts from the Congress. for the socio-economic and cultural growth of the Oriyas at large. As a legislator, Madhusudan Das acclaimed a commendable height of wide appreciation and Madhusudan organised Utkal Union position. It was mostly due to his sharp wit and Conference to form the channel for discussion inspiring speech of effective magnitude. He was and negotiations with the authorities to solve the selected as the Minister of local self-Government problems and open avenues for a new era of of Bihar-Orissa. 12 April - 2017 Odisha Review ISSN 0970-8669 He was a leader of versatile performance ‘KICHAKA BADHA’, ‘ INDUMATI,’ UTKAL and could arrest appreciation and love of the LAXMI’, AYODHYA DRUSYA’, ‘ KABITA people and the Government during the tenure of KALLOLA’, ‘ARGHYA THALI’, ‘ AHALYA his ministry. Inspite of his popularity, he resigned STABA’, MAHIMA’ BHARATI BHABANA’, ‘ in 1923 on a matter of principle. It speaks of his KUMARA JANMOTSAV’, BHAKTI integrity. UPAHAR, ‘PADMINI’, KABITA MALA & KRUSHAKA SANGITA’. His prose creation His journalistic approach was reflected in include ATMA JEEVANI’, SHRI NRUPARAJ his weekly paper ‘The Oriya’ started in 1917. It SINGH’, ‘ PURANA KABI FAKIR MOHAN’, was his intense desire to highlight the interest of SWARGIYA KASHINATH PANDA’, ‘EHAKI Oriyas, criticising the Government’s policy through PRUTHIBIRA SABDA?, SIKSHIT’, ASIKHSIT this channel of weekly paper. He was very & SIKSHYABHIMANINI. genuine and emphatic in his voice and action. He was a national pioneer and a staunch The popularity of his literary creation is patron of Orissan development. He breathed his due to narration of the beauty of the nature just last on the 4th February 1934. He was a bonafide like Kabibara Radhanath Ray. It is unique. benefactor, a nationalist in true sense, acquiring Gangadhar is widely known as poet of nature, the first Master Degree and first B.L. Degree as can be compared with poet Shelly, Byron and the first Oriya. He was the first Oriya to be the Keats. He was the messenger of Upendra member of Legislative Council, the first Oriya to Bhanja’s style and ideals. His popularity is not sail abroad, to visit England twice and to have accidental. There are many reasons behind this. the membership of Central Legislative Assembly Just like Kabi Samrat Upendra Bhanja, his as the first Oriya and the first Indian Minister. poetries are replete with high ornamental words, unique composition style, using in befitting cases, GANGADHAR MEHER simile and metaphor and appropriate words. His poetries are sonorous of rhythm of words and Born on August 9, 1862 on the day of languages. He is rated as a great poet in Indian Sravana Purnima at Barapalli, Sambalpur in a Literature. Died on April 4, 1924. His poetries weaver family. Educated can be divided into lyrics, devotional, patriotic, up to 5th class. Dr. reformative, ethical, agricultural, elegy, and Mayadhar Mansingh has narration of nature. high esteem for Gangadhar Meher and SRIRAM CHANDRA BHANJA DEO in his History of Oriya literature he has opined Born on 17th December 1871 in a royal “All told, Gangadhar family of princely state of Mayurbhanj, Sri Ram Meher is one of the Chandra ascended the throne on 15th August rarest personalities and 1892. He worked for the all-round development poets in the whole range of Oriya Literature’’.