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FAMILY Belonidae Bonaparte, 1835

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FAMILY Belonidae Bonaparte, 1835 - needlefishes [=Belonini, Ramphistomae, Tylosuridae, Strongylurinae, Rhamphistomidae, Petalichthyidae] Notes: Belonini Bonaparte, 1835:[19] [ref. 32242] (subfamily) Belone [genus inferred from the stem, Article 11.7.1.1] Ramphistomae Swainson, 1838:303, 307 [ref. 4302] (no family-group name) [if a family-group name based on Raphistoma Rafinesque (as Ramphistoma), then invalid, Article 39] Tylosuridae Starks, 1906:781 [ref. 10101] (family) Tylosurus Strongylurinae Fowler, 1925:3 [ref. 1401] (subfamily) Strongylura Rhamphistomidae de Buen, 1926:58 [ref. 5054] (family) Raphistoma Rafinesque [as Rhamphistoma, name must be corrected Article 32.5.3; invalid, Article 39 Petalichthyidae Smith, 1949:129 [ref. 5846] (family) Petalichthys GENUS Ablennes Jordan & Fordice, 1887 - flat needlefishes [=Ablennes (subgenus of Tylosurus) Jordan [D. S.] & Fordice [M. W.], 1887:342, 345] Notes: [ref. 2456]. Masc. Belone hians Valenciennes, 1846. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Misspelled Athlennes by Jordan & Fordice when proposed; corrected by ICZN (Opinion 41). •Valid as Ablennes Jordan & Fordice, 1887 -- (Parin 1967:45 [ref. 10272], Parin & Astakhov 1982:279 [ref. 26258], Yoshino in Masuda et al. 1984:78 [ref. 6441], Collette et al. 1984:336 [ref. 11422], Paxton et al. 1989:341 [ref. 12442], Collette 1999:2152 [ref. 24785], Collette 2003:1105 [ref. 26981], Collette 2003:2 [ref. 27306], Paxton et al. 2006:716 [ref. 28995]). Current status: Valid as Ablennes Jordan & Fordice, 1887. Belonidae. Species Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846) – flat needlefish [=Belone hians Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846:432, Pl. 548, Tylosurus caeruleofasciatus Stead [D. G.], 1908:3, Pl. 1, Mastacembelus fasciatus Bleeker [P.], 1872:154, Belone maculata Poey [F.], 1860:290, Belone melanostigma Valenciennes [A.] (ex Ehrenberg), in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846:450, Ablennes pacificus Walford [L. A.], 1936:4, Fig. 1b-c, Belone schismatorhynchus Bleeker [P.], 1850:95] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Bahia, Brazil. Current status: Valid as Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846). Belonidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Red Sea and Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (caeruleofasciatus) [New fishes from New South Wales (No. 1); ref. 13271] Port Stephens, New South Wales, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846). Belonidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (fasciatus) [Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde v. 4; ref. 431] China. Current status: Synonym of Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846). Belonidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (maculata) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Havana, Cuba. Current status: Synonym of Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846). Belonidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (melanostigma) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846). Belonidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (pacificus) [Occasional Papers of the Santa Barbara Museum v. 4; ref. 13272] Zihuatanejo, Guerro [not Mazatlán], Mexico. Current status: Synonym of Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846). Belonidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (schismatorhynchus) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 1; ref. 13402] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846). Belonidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. GENUS Belone Cuvier, 1816 - needlefishes, garfishes [=Belone Cuvier [G.], 1816:185, Acus Müller [P. L. S.], 1766:341, suppl. p. 5, Acus Müller [P. L. S.], 1774:341, suppl. p. 7, Mastaccembelus Klein [J. T.], 1776:271, Mastacembelus Walbaum [J. J.] (ex Klein), 1792:581, Raphistoma Rafinesque [C. S.], 1815:89] Notes: [ref. 993]. Fem. Esox belone Linnaeus, 1761. Type by monotypy (also by absolute tautonymy). Spelled Belona by Lesueur 1821:124 [not researched]. On Official List (Opinion 225). Belone Oken, 1816 suppressed; placed on Official Index (Opinion 225). •Valid as Belone Cuvier, 1816 -- (Mees 1962:11 [ref. 13277], Collette & Parin 1970:10 [ref. 7415], Parin & Astakhov 1982:279 [ref. 26258], Collette et al. 1984:336 [ref. 11422], Collette & Parin in Whitehead et al. 1986:605 [ref. 13676], Collette 2003:2 [ref. 27306], Parin et al. 2014:196 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Valid as Belone Cuvier, 1816. Belonidae. (Acus 1766) [ref. 3055]. Fem. Not available, published in a rejected work on Official Index (Opinion 701). •In the synonymy of Belone Cuvier, 1816. Current status: Synonym of Belone Cuvier, 1816. Belonidae. (Acus 1774) [ref. 6461]. Fem. Not available, used only as a Latin common name in reference to Esox belone Linnaeus, 1761. Earliest use as an available genus of Belonidae not researched. See Collette 2003:2 [ref. 27306] for information. Author is P. L. S. Müller. •In the synonymy of Belone Cuvier, 1816. Current status: Synonym of Belone Cuvier, 1816. Belonidae. (Mastaccembelus) [ref. 4919]. Masc. Not available, published in a work that does not conform to the principle of binominal nomenclature. Not Mastacembelus of Gronow or Scopoli. •In the synonymy of Belone Cuvier, 1816 -- (Collette 2003:13 [ref. 27306]). Current status: Synonym of Belone Cuvier, 1816. Belonidae. (Mastacembelus) [ref. 4572]. Masc. Not available, published in a part of work rejected for nomenclatural purposes in Opinion 21 (1938). Based on Klein 1744:21 [ref. 30141], with reference to 'Acus Aldrovandus, Hornfish or Garfish' of Willughby 1686:231, Pl. P.2, fig. 4 [ref. 30164]. Not Mastacembelus of Gronow or Scopoli. •In the synonymy of Belone Cuvier, 1816 -- (Collette 2003:13 [ref. 27306]). Current status: Synonym of Belone Cuvier, 1816. Belonidae. (Raphistoma) [ref. 3584]. Neut. Type by being a replacement name. As "Raphistoma R. [Rafinesque] Belone Gr. [Gronow]. " Ramphistoma Swainson, 1838:295, 296 [ref. 4302] is an incorrect subsequent spelling. Not available, suppressed by ICZN for purposes of priority and of homonymy; on Official Index (Opinion 225). •In the synonymy of Belone Cuvier, 1816 -- (Parin 1973:258 [ref. 7191] as Ramphistoma, Collette 2003:13 [ref. 27306]). Current status: Synonym of Belone Cuvier, 1816. Belonidae. Species Belone acus Risso, 1827 – Risso's belone [=Belone acus Risso [A.], 1827:443, Belone gracilis Lowe [R. T.], 1839:86, Acus marina Müller [P. L. S.], 1766:141, Pl. H (fig. 2) (v. 2), Esox pinnulatus Cabrera [A.], Pérez [L.] & Haenseler [F.], 1817:9, Esox pinnulatus Cabrera, Pérez [A.] & Haenseler [F.], in Machado, 1857:24] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Belone acus Risso, 1827. Belonidae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea and adjacent Portugal (eastern Atlantic). Habitat: marine. (gracilis) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1839 (pt 7); ref. 2829] Off Madeira. Current status: Synonym of Belone acus Risso, 1827. Belonidae. Habitat: marine. (marina) [Deliciae Naturae; ref. 3055] Current status: Synonym of Belone acus Risso, 1827. Belonidae. (pinnulatus C) [Lista de los peces del mar de Andalucía; ref. 17319] Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Synonym of Belone acus Risso, 1827. Belonidae. (pinnulatus CinM) [Catálogo de los peces que habitán ó frecuentan las costas de Cadiz y Huelva con inclusion de los del Rio Guadalquivir.; ref. 17320] Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Synonym of Belone acus Risso, 1827. Belonidae. Species Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761) - garfish [=Esox belone Linnaeus [C.], 1761:126, Hemiramphus balticus Hohnbaum-Hornschuch [R. F. M.], in Hohnbaum-Hornschuch & van der Hoeven, 1843:299, Hemiramphus behnii van der Hoeven [J.], in Hohnbaum-Hornschuch & van der Hoeven, 1843:300, Belone cornidii Günther [A.], 1866:255, Hemiramphus europaeus Yarrell [W.], 1837:506, Fig. 63, Belone euxini Günther [A.], 1866:252, Belone linnei Malm [A. W.], 1877:553, Belone longirostris Schinz [H. R.], 1822:312, Hemiramphus obtusus Couch [R. Q.], 1848:1978, Fig., Belone rostrata Faber [F.], 1829:152, Macrognathus scolopax Gronow [L. T.], in Gray, 1854:147, Belone undecimradiata Budge [J.], 1848:384, Pl. 12, Belone vulgaris Fleming [J.], 1828:184, Belone vulgaris Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846:399] Notes: [Fauna Svecica, sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni, ed. II; ref. 13326] European seas. Current status: Valid as Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761). Belonidae. Distribution: Baltic Sea, North Sea, eastern Atlantic including Madeira. Habitat: brackish, marine. (balticus) [Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie. v. 10; ref. 13331] Kiel, Germany. Current status: Synonym of Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761). Belonidae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (behnii) [Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie. v. 10; ref. 13331] Kiel, Germany. Current status: Synonym of Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761). Belonidae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (cornidii) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 6; ref. 1983] Coast of Portugal. Current status: Synonym of Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761). Belonidae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (europaeus) [Magazine of Natural History [E. Charlesworth, ed.] (n.s.) v. 1; ref. 13330] Ipswich, Suffolk coast, England. Current status: Synonym of Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761). Belonidae. Habitat: brackish,
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  • Annotated Checklist of the Fish Species (Pisces) of La Réunion, Including a Red List of Threatened and Declining Species

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    Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 2: 1–168; Stuttgart, 30.IV.2009. 1 Annotated checklist of the fish species (Pisces) of La Réunion, including a Red List of threatened and declining species RONALD FR ICKE , THIE rr Y MULOCHAU , PA tr ICK DU R VILLE , PASCALE CHABANE T , Emm ANUEL TESSIE R & YVES LE T OU R NEU R Abstract An annotated checklist of the fish species of La Réunion (southwestern Indian Ocean) comprises a total of 984 species in 164 families (including 16 species which are not native). 65 species (plus 16 introduced) occur in fresh- water, with the Gobiidae as the largest freshwater fish family. 165 species (plus 16 introduced) live in transitional waters. In marine habitats, 965 species (plus two introduced) are found, with the Labridae, Serranidae and Gobiidae being the largest families; 56.7 % of these species live in shallow coral reefs, 33.7 % inside the fringing reef, 28.0 % in shallow rocky reefs, 16.8 % on sand bottoms, 14.0 % in deep reefs, 11.9 % on the reef flat, and 11.1 % in estuaries. 63 species are first records for Réunion. Zoogeographically, 65 % of the fish fauna have a widespread Indo-Pacific distribution, while only 2.6 % are Mascarene endemics, and 0.7 % Réunion endemics. The classification of the following species is changed in the present paper: Anguilla labiata (Peters, 1852) [pre- viously A. bengalensis labiata]; Microphis millepunctatus (Kaup, 1856) [previously M. brachyurus millepunctatus]; Epinephelus oceanicus (Lacepède, 1802) [previously E. fasciatus (non Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)]; Ostorhinchus fasciatus (White, 1790) [previously Apogon fasciatus]; Mulloidichthys auriflamma (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) [previously Mulloidichthys vanicolensis (non Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831)]; Stegastes luteobrun- neus (Smith, 1960) [previously S.
  • Authorship, Availability and Validity of Fish Names Described By

    Authorship, Availability and Validity of Fish Names Described By

    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Stuttgarter Beiträge Naturkunde Serie A [Biologie] Jahr/Year: 2008 Band/Volume: NS_1_A Autor(en)/Author(s): Fricke Ronald Artikel/Article: Authorship, availability and validity of fish names described by Peter (Pehr) Simon ForssSSkål and Johann ChrisStian FabricCiusS in the ‘Descriptiones animaliumÂ’ by CarsSten Nniebuhr in 1775 (Pisces) 1-76 Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 1: 1–76; Stuttgart, 30.IV.2008. 1 Authorship, availability and validity of fish names described by PETER (PEHR ) SIMON FOR ss KÅL and JOHANN CHRI S TIAN FABRI C IU S in the ‘Descriptiones animalium’ by CAR S TEN NIEBUHR in 1775 (Pisces) RONALD FRI C KE Abstract The work of PETER (PEHR ) SIMON FOR ss KÅL , which has greatly influenced Mediterranean, African and Indo-Pa- cific ichthyology, has been published posthumously by CAR S TEN NIEBUHR in 1775. FOR ss KÅL left small sheets with manuscript descriptions and names of various fish taxa, which were later compiled and edited by JOHANN CHRI S TIAN FABRI C IU S . Authorship, availability and validity of the fish names published by NIEBUHR (1775a) are examined and discussed in the present paper. Several subsequent authors used FOR ss KÅL ’s fish descriptions to interpret, redescribe or rename fish species. These include BROU ss ONET (1782), BONNATERRE (1788), GMELIN (1789), WALBAUM (1792), LA C E P ÈDE (1798–1803), BLO C H & SC HNEIDER (1801), GEO ff ROY SAINT -HILAIRE (1809, 1827), CUVIER (1819), RÜ pp ELL (1828–1830, 1835–1838), CUVIER & VALEN C IENNE S (1835), BLEEKER (1862), and KLUNZIN G ER (1871).
  • Fish Identification Guide Depicts More Than 50 Species of Fish Commonly Encoun- Make the Proper Identification of Every Fish Caught

    Fish Identification Guide Depicts More Than 50 Species of Fish Commonly Encoun- Make the Proper Identification of Every Fish Caught

    he identification of different spe- Most species of fish are distinctive in appear- ance and relatively easy to identify. However, cies of fish has become an im- closely related species, such as members of the portant concern for recreational same “family” of fish, can present problems. For these species it is important to look for certain fishermen. The proliferation of T distinctive characteristics to make a positive regulations relating to minimum identification. sizes and possession limits compels fishermen to The ensuing fish identification guide depicts more than 50 species of fish commonly encoun- make the proper identification of every fish caught. tered in Virginia waters. In addition to color illustrations of each species, the description of each species lists the distinctive characteristics which enable a positive identification. Total Length FIRST DORSAL FIN Fork Length SECOND NUCHAL DORSAL FIN BAND SQUARE TAIL NARES FORKED TAIL GILL COVER (Operculum) CAUDAL LATRAL PEDUNCLE CHIN BARBELS LINE PECTORAL CAUDAL FIN ANAL FINS FIN PELVIC FINS GILL RAKERS GILL ARCH UNDERSIDE OF GILL COVER GILL RAKER GILL FILAMENTS GILL FILAMENTS DEFINITIONS Anal Fin – The fin on the bottom of fish located between GILL ARCHES 1st the anal vent (hole) and the tail. 2nd 3rd Barbels – Slender strands extending from the chins of 4th some fish (often appearing similar to whiskers) which per- form a sensory function. Caudal Fin – The tail fin of fish. Nuchal Band – A dark band extending from behind or Caudal Peduncle – The narrow portion of a fish’s body near the eye of a fish across the back of the neck toward immediately in front of the tail.