Biodiversity in La Siguanea inlet, Cuba.

Item Type Journal Contribution

Authors Rodríguez-Viera, Leandro; Navarro-Martínez, Zenaida; Evans, David; Ruiz-Abierno, Alexei; García- Galano, Tsai; Angulo-Valdés, Jorge A.

Download date 28/09/2021 17:01:42

Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/12439 revista de investigaciones marinas REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Centro de Investigaciones Marinas Universidad de La Habana http://www.cim.uh.cu/rim/

ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL Fishes Biodiversity in La Siguanea inlet, Cuba Biodiversidad de peces en la ensenada de La Siguanea, Cuba

Leandro Rodríguez-Viera1*, Zenaida Navarro-Martínez1, David Evans2, Alexei Ruiz-Abierno1, Tsai García- Galano1, Jorge A. Angulo-Valdés1,3.

1 Center for Marine Research, ABSTRACT University of Havana, La Siguanea inlet, one of the two inlets present in the Gulf of Bataba- Havana, Cuba (CIM-UH), nó, contains essential habitats such as beds and mangroves. Calle 16 No. 114 e/ 1ra y However, it has been poorly studied and currently there is little infor- 3ra, Miramar, Playa, CP mation about the biological diversity in the area. The aim of this stu- 11300, Habana, Cuba. dy was to make the first check list of fishes on this region of the Cuban archipelago. We used complementary methodologies such as multiple 2 Environments and seine nets, gill net, drum lines, visual census and underwater video Engineering Department, census. The inventory recorded 122 of fishes distributed in 53 Northumbria University, families. The best represented families were Haemulidae, Lutjanidae, Newcastle, United Kingdom Scaridae, Carangidae, Monacanthidae and Gerreidae. This finding 3 Current addres: School coincided partially with similar studies done in other Cuban shelf of Natural Resources and areas, although the order of these may vary. During the surveys a Environment, University of high proportion of juvenile fishes was found, which suggests a possible Florida, United States of nursery site that could be playing an important role in stocks in America the area. This result contributes to raise the knowledge about marine biodiversity in Cuba and also for the Caribbean, providing a baseline * Autor para correspondencia: of fish for the area. In this work we found a high diversity of fishes in La Siguanea inlet, as well as a high proportion of juveniles. Future [email protected], studies that explore the composition and structure of fish stocks in [email protected] the area are required; as well as studies on the possible connectivity between this area and the reefs in Punta Francés. Allowing a better understanding of ecological processes in the area, and in turn a better Recibido: 26.9.2017 use and management of these natural resources.

Aceptado: 11.1.2018 Key words: Cuba, diversity, fishes, inventory, La Siguanea inlet. RESUMEN La Ensenada de la Siguanea es una de las dos ensenadas presentes en el Golfo de Batabanó, en la cual se pueden encontrar importantes hábi- tats para el desarrollo de los peces como son los pastizales y los man- glares. No obstante, esta ensenada ha sido poco estudiada y se cuenta con poca información sobre la diversidad biológica en el área. El obje- tivo de este estudio fue realizar, por primera vez para el área, un inven- tario de las especies de peces. Se emplearon diferentes metodologías de muestreo como redes de pesca, palangres, censos visuales y videos bajo

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 30 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés

el agua. Se inventariaron 122 especies de peces in the Gulf of Batabanó has been poorly distribuidas en 53 familias. Las familias más studied. To our knowledge, only studies diversas fueron Haemulidae, Lutjanidae, Scar- on manatee populations (Alvarez-Alemán idae, Carangidae, Monacanthidae y Gerreidae, coincidiendo parcialmente con resultados pre- 2010; Navarro-Martínez 2012; Hernández vios en otras regiones del país, aunque su orden et al. 2013; Alvarez-Alemán et al. 2016) puede variar. En los muestreos se encontró una and one about macroalgaes characteriza- alta proporción de juveniles de peces, sugirien- tion (Suárez 2011) have been carried out. do que esta es una zona de crianza, que puede La Siguanea inlet includes protected tener un rol importante en las poblaciones de areas with different levels of protection peces en el área. Estos resultados contribuyen al conocimiento de la diversidad marina en Cuba (CNAP 2013). A complementary protec- y el Caribe, proporcionado una línea base de la tion existed when the former Ministry of ictiofauna para la Ensenada de la Siguanea. Fisheries (MIP) created an Area under En este trabajo se encontró una alta diversidad Special Regime of Use and Protection de de peces en la Siguanea, así como un elevada (ASRUP) in 1996, where finfish fishing proporción de juveniles. Se requieren de estu- was banned. Additionally La Siguanea in- dios futuros que exploren la composición y es- tructura de las poblaciones de peces en el área, let contains essential habitats for the occur- así como la posible conectividad entre esta área rence of fishes, such as seagrass beds and y el Parque Nacional Punta Francés. Esto per- mangroves. These habitats are undisputed mitirá un mejor entendimiento de los procesos nursery habitats for fishes and other ma- ecológicos en el área, y un mejor uso y manejo de rine organisms (Velde et al. 1992; Adams los recursos naturales. et al. 2006). They contribute to the pres- Palabras clave: Cuba, diversidad, Ensenada de ence, abundance and distribution of fish- la Siguanea, inventario, peces. es (González-Sansón et al. 2008) and also, an important component in vital ecological INTRODUCTION processes (Harborne et al. 2006; Mumby et The south platform of Cuba has been the al. 2008). scene of numerous researches because Fish are important components in ma- of its commercial importance (Arriaza rine ecosystems because of their role in tro- et al. 2008; Rodriguez-Viera et al. 2012; phic webs (Scheffer et al. 2005; Mumby et González-Díaz et al. 2012; Pina-Amargós al. 2006; Hughes et al. 2007), their sensi- et al. 2012a, b). The Gulf of Batabanó has, bility as diversity indicators (Beger et al. particularly, been the one most studied 2003) and coral reefs health indicators due to its commercial importance, main- (Graham et al. 2008: Pratchett et al. 2014). ly because important lobster fisheries Their abundance and diversity have been (Claro et al. 2001; Lopeztegui et al. 2012). accepted as an index of marine protect- Today there are several studies in the ed area effectiveness (Micheli et al. 2004; Gulf of Batabanó covering topics such as Alcala et al. 2005). Also, fishes can be cru- sediment (Alonso-Hernández et al. 2011), cial in the selection of areas to conduct abiotic factors (Arriaza et al. 2008), macro- recreational SCUBA diving (Williams fauna (Gómez et al. 1980; Arias-Schreiber and Polunin 2000; Angulo-Valdés 2005; et al. 2008) and ecology of different taxa Figueredo-Martín et al. 2010). It is there- (Armenteros et al. 2012). However, La fore important and necessary to develop Siguanea inlet, one of the two inlets present a baseline of the icthyofauna components

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 31 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés in La Siguanea inlet to contribute to the of natural resources (VI) according to the current knowledge of marine biodiversity International Union for Conservation of in the area, which is why the aim of this Nature (IUCN), respectively. study was to make the first check list of fishes for La Siguanea inlet. Survey methods Due to the extension of the region and lo- MATERIALS AND METHODS gistics availability, in this first approach to Study area the diversity of fishes in the area, we fo- La Siguanea inlet is located in the Gulf of cused on a network of 24 stations (Fig.1). Batabanó, southwest of the Isle of Youth, The habitats were characterized by whi- Cuba, between 21° 38' 00" N and 83° 05' te sandy-muddy bottoms, organic content, 00" W, from Punta Buenavista to Punta and mangrove. Surveys were Francés covering an area of 348 km2 in to- conducted close to the mangrove roots, sea- tal , with 179 km of coastline (Fig. 1). The grass beds, sandy bottom and a temporary topography is very uniform, with an ave- lagoon. The average depth of the stations rage depth of 7 m and maximum depth of sampled was 0.88 m, whose range was 13.4 m to the center of the inlet (Lorenzo- 0.30 m to 3.50 m (except for shark stations). Sanchez et al. 2006). This cove is characte- Sampling was conducted from June to rized, among others, by mangrove habitats, August in 2014, 2015 and 2016, using dif- muddy, medium gray sediments, low parti- ferent methodologies. Three seine nets culate organic matter (POM), however the were used which varied in length. The area closer to the coastline is characterized largest net was 25 m and the medium net by intermediate to high seagrass biomass, was 9 m, but the most used was a smaller dark gray sediments, high POM (Claro 6 m net. The nets hit a max height of 1.80 m et al. 2001). The tidal range is very low across all of the 3 nets. Each net had a (< 0.4 m), as reported to the Caribbean is- lead line attached along its base in order lands (Claro et al. 2001). The coastline to keep it smoothly running along the sea- itself is covered mostly by mangrove (Red bed and help to reduce the number of spe- Mangrove, Rhizophora mangle), but we can cies to escape under the net. The top of also find sandy beaches and many channels the nets had a line of floats to keep the connected to internal lagoons, becoming net taut. A lineal transect was conduct- more complex in the San Pedro river area. ed by running parallel to the coast line or Also mangrove keys can be found in the area following the differing seabed. Transects near the coastline. In the area they are also were also performed through pivoting the located the Ecological Reserve “Los Indios”, net against the shoreline. The smaller the National Park “Punta Francés”, the net was more moveable so could be used Fauna Refuge “Ciénaga de Lanier”, and the to effectively move close to the coast line Managed Resource Protected Area (MRPA) and change direction quicker depending “Sur de la Isla de la Juventud”. Despite so- on the habitat and seabed stability. The me differences, these categories correspond seine nets itself was a finer mesh ensuring to Wilderness Area (Ib), National Park (5 mm) that all the fishes that entered the (II), Habitat/Species Management Area net would not be able to escape through it. (IV), Protected area with sustainable use The net had attached to either end larger

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 32 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés

Fig. 1. Map showing the study area in La Siguanea inlet, the fishes survey sites ( ) and the sharks survey sites ( ). (ER) Ecological Reserve “Los Indios”, (NP) National Park “Punta Francés”, (FR) Fauna Refuge “Ciénaga de Lanier”, (MRPA) Managed Resource Protected Area “Sur de la Isla de la Juventud” and (ASRUP) Area under Special Regime of Use and Protection.

sticks; these were used to help maneuver used for sampling shark or other big pred- the net more effectively. ators. The gear consist in an anchor (heavy A 100 m length gill net (1 m height, weight) attached to a rope as long as the 140 mm mesh) was also used; soaking time depth site. At the end of this rope there are was 2 hours with 30 minutes checking in- a buoy and a 10 m of polyurethane rope tervals to reduce the risk of damaging the with other buoy at the end. The gangions fish. The net was set up through attaching are 1.5 m length the fishing depth to avoid one end to the mangroves or along a solid killing that breathe air in the sur- object. Other sampling method used was face (i.e.: turtles, manatees, dolphins) until the drum lines with a soaking time raged you check the gear to release them. They between 3 to 12 hours always during sun- are attached to the weight with a swivel set or overnight. This gear was specially and a shackle to allow the shark to swim

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 33 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés around (in circle) and stay alive until you These were distributed in 18 orders, 53 check the line. Circular and ecological families and 86 genera (Table 1). Of the hooks (one per gear) are used to avoid chok- 122 species found 7 belong to the class ing and die, increasing the survival of the Chondrichthyes (subclass Elasmobranchii), . Two additional non-fishery depen- while the remaining 115 belong to the dent sampling methods were used, random class. The most diverse fa- swing visual (Jones and Thompson 1978) milies were Haemulidae with eight species, and underwater video methods (Mallet Lutjanidae, Scaridae and Carangidae with and Pelletier 2014). seven, and Monacanthidae and Gerreidae Although most of the samples were con- with six (Fig. 2). ducted during daylight hours (7:00 h to 19:00 h), also nocturnal sam- pling were performed. The identification of the organisms was carried out in situ and samples were collected only in case of doubt for further analysis. All the organ- isms were classified to the lowest possible tax- onomic level (species or ). The classifica- tion of fishes was done according to the crite- ria of Guitart (1985), Bölke and Chaplin (1993), Richards (2005), Human and Deloach (2008) and Froese and Pauly (2015). This checklist is arranged evolutionarily at the or- dinal and familial levels following Nelson (2006). Valid species names and genera are arranged in alphabetical order. RESULTS A total of 122 fish spe- Fig. 2. Number of species of marine fishes by family recorded in La Siguanea cies were recorded. inlet, Cuba from 2014 to 2016.

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 34 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés ) Spanish Sardina de ley Sardina escamuda Manjúa Machuelo Tiburón gata Cabeza de batea, toro Galano Cornuda de ley Raya americana Obispo Tembladera Sábalo Macabí Lagarto máximo Pez diablo ñato Lisa blanca Cabezote Escribano de aletas rojas golfo de Agujón Agujón aquillado Agujón de aletas rojas Pipón Carajuelo rufo Carajuelo oscuro Commun name ( Redear sardine Scaled sardine Dwarf herring Atlantic thread herring Nurse shark sharkBull Lemon shark Great hammerhead Southern stingray Spotted ray eagle Yellow stingray Tarpon Bonefish Inshore lizardfish Shortnose batfish White mullet Hardhead silverside Ballyhoo halfbeak Flathead needlefish Keeltail Redfinneedlefish Sheepshead minnow Longspine squirrelfish Dusky squirrelfish Commun name (English)

(Linnaeus, 1758) (Poey, 1860) (Gosse, 1851) (Poey, 1868) (Cuvier, 1816) (Cuvier, (Cuvier, 1829) (Cuvier, (Müller & Troschel, 1848) (Müller & Troschel, (Poey, 1860) (Walbaum, 1792) (Valenciennes, 1846) Poey, jaguana Harengula 1865 Jenkinsia lamprotaenia oglinum (Lesueur,Opisthonema 1818) (Bonnaterre, cirratum 1788)Ginglymostoma leucas (Müller 1839) & Henle, Carcharhinus (Rüppell, mokarran Sphyrna 1837) 1928 Hildebrand & Schroeder, americana Dasyatis (Euphrasen, 1790) narinari Aetobatus jamaicensisUrobatis 1847 Valenciennes, Megalops atlanticus Albula (Linnaeus, vulpes 1758) humeralis Harengula (Linnaeus,Synodus foetens 1766) 1829) Ogcocephalus (Cuvier, nasutus 1836 Valenciennes, Mugil curema stipes Atherinomorus brasiliensis Hemiramphus Ablennes hians Lacepède, 1803 variegatus Cyprinodon rufus Holocentrus Negaprion brevirostris (Lesueur, 1821) argalus notata Strongylura vexillarium Scientific name Ginglymostomatidae Carcharhinidae Sphyrnidae Dasyatidae Myliobatidae Urotrygonidae Megalopidae Albulidae Clupeidae Synodontidae Ogcocephalidae Mugilidae Atherinidae Hemiramphidae Belonidae Cyprinodontidae Family

Order Orectolobiformes Carcharhiniformes Rajiformes Elopiformes Albuliformes Clupeiformes Aulopiformes Lophiiformes Mugiliformes Atheriniformes Cyprinodontiformes Class Class [Subclass] Actinopterygii [Neopterygii] Chondrichthyes [Elasmobranchii] Systematic inventory of marine fishes found in La Siguanea inlet, Cuba from 2014 to 2016, fallowing the of Nelson of Nelson the taxonomy (2006). fallowing to 2016, from 2014 Cuba inlet, in Siguanea La found fishes of marine inventory Systematic 1. Table

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 35 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés Zapatero Pámpano Pargo criollo Cají Caballerote Jocú Ojanco Biajaiba Rabirrubia Patao común Mojarra de ley Mojarrita esbelta Vaca barreada Cardenal manchado Flechudo Cibí amarillo Jiguagua Gallego Cibí carbonero Caballito narizón prieto Trompetero Trompa Pez murciélago Pez leónPez Robalo común Commun name (Spanish) Trompetero ñato Trompetero Caballito erecto Leather jack Permit Mutton snapper Schoolmaster Gray snapper Dog snapper Mahogany snapper Lane snapper snapperYellowtail Irish pompano Silver jenny Silver Slender mojarra Barred hamlet Flamefish African pompano jack Yellow Crevalle jack Horse-eye jack Bar jack Longsnout seahorseLongsnout Dusky pipefish Trumpetfish Flying gurnard Lionfish Common snook Commun name (English) Crested pipefish Lined seahorseLined

(Poey, 1868) (Bloch, 1792) Perry, 1810 (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cuvier, 1828) (Cuvier, Ginsburg, 1933 Ginsburg, (Bloch, 1791) (Bloch 1801) & Schneider, Ranzani, 1842 (Linnaeus, 1758) (Walbaum, 1792) (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cuvier, 1828) (Cuvier, (Bloch, 1787) (Bloch 1801) & Schneider, sp. (Linnaeus, falcatus 1758) Trachinotus Lutjanus analis Lutjanus apodus Lutjanus griseus Lutjanus jocu Lutjanus 1828) mahogoni (Cuvier, Lutjanus synagris Lutjanus chrysurus Ocyurus auratus Diapterus (Quoy gula Eucinostomus 1824) & Gaimard, Eucinostomus jonesii (Günther,Eucinostomus 1879) Apogon (Poey, maculatus 1860) Alectis ciliaris 1833) (Cuvier, bartholomaei Carangoides hippos (Linnaeus, Caranx 1766) Agassiz, latus 1831 Caranx (Bloch, ruber Caranx 1793) saurus Oligoplites Dactylopterus volitans (Jordan floridae & Gilbert,Syngnathus 1882) 1841 Valenciennes, maculatus Aulostomus Pterois Centropomus undecimalisCentropomus Hypoplectrus puellaHypoplectrus Scientific name Cosmocampus brachycephalus Hippocampus erectus Hippocampus reidi Lutjanidae Gerreidae Apogonidae Carangidae Dactylopteridae Aulostomidae Scorpaenidae Centropomidae Serranidae Family Syngnathidae Scorpaeniformes Order Syngnathiformes Class [Subclass] Actinopterygii [Neopterygii]

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 36 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés Commun name (Spanish) Mojarrita esbelta Mojarra bandera Mojarra Mojarra blanca Mojarrita Catalineta Jeníguano bocón Ronco carbonero Ronco condenado Ronco blanco Ronco arará Ronco amarillo Jeníguano rayado Salema Bajonao violáceo Bajonao plateado Corvina espinosa punteada Vaqueta Vaqueta rayada Vaqueta Salmonete colorado Chopa amarilla/blanca Parche ocelado Parche rayado Isabelita reina Chivirica gris Chivirica Píntano Chopita de cola amarilla Chopita de cola amarilla Commun name (English) Slender mojarra Yellowfin mojarra Mottled mojarra Flagfin mojarra Porkfish Tomtate Caesar grunt French grunt Sailors choice White grunt Bluestripped grunt Stripped grunt Sea bream Jolthead porgy Pluma Ground croaker Spotted drum High-hat Spotted goatfish Yellow/Bermuda chub Foureye butterflyfish Banded butterflyfish Queen angelfish Gray angelfish Sergant major Yellowtail damselfishYellowtail Beaugregory (Bloch, 1793) Linnaeus, 1758 Guichenot, 1868 (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bloch 1801) & Schneider, (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bloch 1801) & Schneider, (Lacepède, 1801) (Shaw, 1803) (Shaw, (Cuvier, 1830) (Cuvier, (Walbaum, 1792) (Goode, 1874) sp. Scientific name Eucinostomus jonesii (Günther,Eucinostomus 1879) (Bleeker, 1863) (Bleeker, melanopterus Eucinostomus Gerres cinereus Ulaema lefroyi (Linnaeus, virginicus 1758)Anisotremus Cuvier, 1830 Cuvier, Haemulon aurolineatum Poey,Haemulon carbonarium 1860 (Desmarest,Haemulon flavolineatum 1823) (Desmarest,Haemulon parra 1823) Haemulon plumierii Haemulon sciurus (Linnaeus,Haemulon striatum 1758) (Linnaeus, rhomboidalis 1758)Archosargus bajonado Calamus pennatula ronchus Bairdiella punctatus Equetus (Bloch acuminatus 1801) Pareques & Schneider, Pseudupeneus maculatus Pseudupeneus Kyphosus Chaetodon capistratus Linnaeus, 1758 Chaetodon striatus Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus, arcuatus 1758)Pomacanthus Abudefduf saxatilis 1830) (Cuvier, chrysurus Microspathodon (Müller & Troschel, 1848) (Müller leucostictus Stegastes & Troschel, Family Gerreidae Haemulidae Mullidae Kyphosidae Chaetodontidae Pomacanthidae Pomacentridae Order Perciformes Class [Subclass] Actinopterygii [Neopterygii]

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 37 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés Commun name (Spanish) Chopita amarilla Chopita Chopita prieta Doncella rayada Doncella Doncella pudín Cara cotorra de Loro esmeralda Loro listado Loro verde de lunar Vieja lora Loro dientuso Loro aletirojo Mirón ojicortoMirón Sapito cabezón Sapito cara amarilla Gobio mapo Loro Gobio guión Gobio lira Esmeralda flechera Paguala Barbero rayado Barbero azul Barbero Picúa Picudilla Pintada Lenguado pardo Commun name (English) Threespot damselfish Dusky damselfish Slippery dick Puddingwife Bluehead Emerald parrotfish Striped parrotfish Greenblotch parrotfish Redband parrotfishRedband Bucktooth parrotfish Yellowtail parrotfishYellowtail Shortchin Stargazer Hairy blenny Yellowface pikeblenny Frillfin goby Frillfin Stoplight parrotfish Dash goby Dash lyre goby lyre Darter goby Atlantic spadefishAtlantic Doctorfish Blue tang Ocenan surgeonfish Great Southern sennet Cero Bay whiff (Gilbert 1968) & Randall, (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) (Quoy 1824) & Gaimard, (Bloch, 1793) (Valenciennes, 1837) Robins & Randall, 1965 Robins & Randall, Bloch & Schneider, 1801 1801 Bloch & Schneider, (Valenciennes, 1840) (Broussonet, 1782) Gill, 1861 Poey, 1860 (Valenciennes, 1840) (Bonnaterre, 1788) Scientific name (Cuvier, 1830) (Cuvier, planifrons Stegastes (Troschel, adustus 1865)Stegastes (Bloch, bivittatus 1791) Halichoeres (Linnaeus, radiatus 1758)Halichoeres (Bloch, bifasciatum 1791) Thalassoma Nicholsina (Valenciennes, usta 1840) (Bloch, iseri Scarus 1789) (Poey, 1861) atomarium Sparisoma (Valenciennes, 1840) aurofrenatum Sparisoma Sparisoma radians Sparisoma Sparisoma rubripinne Sparisoma Labrisomus nuchipinnis Labrisomus Chaenopsis limbaughi Chaenopsis Bathygobius soporator Sparisoma viride Sparisoma Dactyloscopus poeyi Ctenogobius saepepallens Ctenogobius (Girard, 1858) lyricus Evorthodus Ctenogobius boleosoma Ctenogobius Chaetodipterus faber Chaetodipterus (Bloch, chirurgus 1787) Acanthurus Acanthurus coeruleus Acanthurus Poey, tractus Acanthurus 1860 (Edwards, barracuda 1771) Sphyraena Sphyraena picudillaSphyraena Scomberomorus regalis Scomberomorus 1862 Günther, spilopterus Citharichthys

Family Pomacentridae Labridae Scaridae Labrisomidae Chaenopsidae Gobiidae Dactyloscopidae Ephippidae Acanthuridae Sphyraenidae Scombridae Paralichthyidae Order Perciformes Pleuronectiformes Class Class [Subclass] Actinopterygii [Neopterygii]

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 38 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés Commun name (Spanish) Lenguado ocelado Acedía rayada deLengua vaca parda anaranjada Lija Lija trompa Sobaco común Lija reticulada Lija áspera Lija ciliada hexagonal Torito común Torito Chapín de lunares blancos narizón Tamboril manchado Tamboril rayado Tamboríl Guanábana rayada Pez erizo Puerco espín Commun name (English) Lined sole Duskycheek tonguefish Scrawled filefish Fringed filefish Slender filefish Planehead filefish Pygmy filefish Honeycomb cowfish Scrawled cowfish Trunkfish Sharpnose puffer Bandtail puffer Checkered puffer Stripped burrfish Balloonfish Spot-fin porcupinefish Eyed flounder Eyed Orange filefish (Linnaeus, 1758) (Linnaeus, 1766) (Mitchill, 1818) (Bennett, 1831) (Bloch 1801) & Schneider, (Agassiz, 1831) setifer Linnaeus, 1758 Scientific name (Linnaeus, lineatus Achirus 1758) plagusia Symphurus (Osbeck, scriptus 1765) Aluterus Monacanthus ciliatus 1906 Bean, Monacanthus tuckeri Stephanolepis hispidus Stephanolepis Poey, polygonius Acanthostracion 1876 (Linnaeus, quadricornis 1758) Acanthostracion (Linnaeus, trigonus 1758)Lactophrys (Bloch, 1786) rostrata Canthigaster (Bloch, spengleri Sphoeroides 1785) testudineus Sphoeroides schoepfii (Walbaum, 1792) Chilomycterus Diodon Linnaeus, holocanthus 1758 Diodon hystrix Bothus ocellatus schoepfii (Walbaum, 1792) Aluterus Family Achiridae Cynoglossidae Ostraciidae Tetraodontidae Diodontidae Bothidae Monacanthidae Order Pleuronectiformes Tetraodontiformes [Neopterygii] Actinopterygii Class Class [Subclass]

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 39 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés

DISCUSSION al. 2012a; Navarro-Martínez and Angulo- According to the list published in this work, Valdés 2015), the high variability in sam- in La Siguanea inlet it is represented 11 % pling methods (Miloslavich et al. 2010), of Cuban fishes and the 15 % of coastal ma- the complexity of the substrate (Hixon and rine fishes reported for Cuba, according to Beets 1993; Claro et al. 2001; González- Claro and Robertson (2010). It was found Sansón et al. 2009; Toller et al. 2010) spe- 12 % of ray species, 7 % of shark species cially because we are including habitats and 11 % of bony fishes reported for Cuba that belong to coral reefs or by the different (Claro and Robertson 2010). Among the actual levels of protection having the area species found in this work, it was relevant (Miloslavich et al. 2010; Pina-Amargós et the occurrence in La Siguanea inlet of fis- al. 2014; Navarro-Martínez and Angulo- hes listed in the IUCN Red List due to their Valdés 2015). Although, in La Siguanea threatened status (IUCN, 2015). It was inlet converge some areas under differ- the case of species: Endangered (Sphyrna ent protection levels (Fig. 1), the inlet as mokarran), Vulnerable (Hippocampus erec- a whole is not under protection. However, tus, Lutjanus analis, Megalops atlanticus) the number of species found in this study and Near Threatened (Aetobatus narina- is similar to those found in other areas un- ri, Albula vulpes, Negaprion brevirostris). der protection and with a greater complexi- These elements highlight the importance ty of the substrate (presence of reefs) as the of the protection and the studies in the ha- case of Marine National Park Desembarco bitats of the area. del Granma (Hernández-Fernández and The diversity of taxa found in this study Salvat-Torres 2014) and Marine National was higher than the reported for other ar- Park Punta Francés (Navarro-Martínez eas of the northwest (González-Sansón et 2015). This could be caused by low or no ef- al. 1997 [92 spp.]; Aguilar et al. 2000 [84 fectiveness of protected areas in the protec- spp.]; Cobián et al. 2013 [53 spp.]), north- tion of reef fishes, allowing illegal fishing east (Claro and García-Arteaga 1993 [87 (Navarro-Martínez 2015). spp. for mangroves]) and southeast of Cuba Previous studies on the diversity of fish- (Hernández-Fernández et al. 2013 [38 spp.]; es in the Gulf of Batabanó, reported lower Hernández-Fernández and Salvat-Torres values of diversity in most cases, for exam- 2014 [56 spp; 97 spp.]) and southwest of ple in the mangroves of the Archipelago Cuba (Navarro-Martínez 2015 [105 spp.]). of Los Canarreos [82 spp.] and Punta del However, other studies reported higher Este [62 spp.] (Claro et al. 2001), and in values of diversity in other areas in the the northern keys in the Gulf [38 spp.] southern shelf of the country, such as the (Semidey et al. 2013). Nevertheless, it has Marine National Park Guanahacabibes been reported values of 98 spp. in the sea- (Cobián et al. 2011 [201 spp.]); the Gulf of grass beds of the Gulf and up to 136 spp. for Ana María (Pina-Amargós et al. 2012a [170 slope reef habitats in Los Canarreos (Claro spp.]) and Marine National Park Jardines et al. 2001). The best represented families de la Reina (Pina-Amargós et al. 2012b of fishes coincide partially with previous [283 spp.]). Differences in diversity can be studies (González-Sansón et al. 1997; Pina- caused by several factors, among others, Amargós et al. 2012a, b; Navarro-Martínez by the sampling effort (Pina-Amargós et 2015), although the order of these may vary.

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 40 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés

However, it draws attention to the absence the northeast coast of the United States of the family Serranidae (represented by to the Caribbean coasts of Colombia and only one species). Contrary this family is Venezuela, including the Caribbean islands one of the best represented in the Marine (Schofield 2010) and Bahamas (Pimiento et National Park Punta Francés (Navarro- al. 2013). In Cuba, the presence of lionfish Martínez 2015) despite its proximity to La is documented (e.g. Chevalier et al. 2014), Siguanea inlet. A possible cause of this ab- and indeed the abundance of these species sence could be due to overfishing of these on the reef of Punta Francés (very close large animals (Navarro-Martínez 2015). to the area of this study) can be relatively On the other hand, the studies on the pos- high in some sites (observations made by sible use of mangroves as nursery grounds the authors in the area). A possible expla- for Serranidae family are inconclusive nation for the low presence of these species (Pina-Amargós et al. 2012 b). in this study could be their ability to cam- During the surveys conducted in La ouflage or due to their limited movement Siguanea inlet a high proportion of juve- behavior across habitats (Pimiento et al. nile fishes was found, which suggests that 2013). this is a nursing site that could be play- This research allows for the first time, ing an important role for fish stocks in the an inventory of the fishes in La Siguanea area, including the Marine National Park inlet. That contributes to raise the knowl- Punta Francés. The potential connectiv- edge about the marine biodiversity in Cuba ity between La Siguanea inlet and the and also for the Caribbean, providing a Marine National Park Punta Francés, an baseline of fishes for the area. In this work area with importance for tourism and con- we found a high diversity of fishes in La servation of species (Angulo-Valdés 2005), Siguanea inlet. Moreover, due to the compo- highlight the importance of the study area. sition of the fishes tends to change through It is know the connectivity through ontog- habitats (Mazieres and Comley 2008; eny between habitats near to shore, essen- Toller et al. 2010), examining various hab- tially mangrove and coral reefs (Jones et itats near to the coast and using various al. 2010). Even, the composition of reef fish survey methods, could provide a more com- assemblages can change depending of the prehensive view on fish assemblages. The presence or not of habitats like mangrove Siguanea inlet is a fairly large area, which that can be associated (González-Sansón et has several important habitats in marine al. 2009; Toller et al. 2010). communities, such as mangroves, seagrass Interestingly, in all surveys conducted beds and even a complex of several inter- close to the mangrove roots and seagrass nal lagoons, among others. Future studies beds, it was only observed lionfish on a sin- that explore the composition and structure gle occasion. Although, these animals are of fish stocks in the area are required; as observed in artificial shelters used in the well as studies on the possible connectivity lobster fishery, located in some areas in the between this area and the reefs in Punta inlet. It is known that over recent years the Francés. Allowing a better understanding Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois volitans and of ecological processes in the area, and in Pterois miles have rapidly and success- turn a better use and management of these fully invaded the Western Atlantic from natural resources.

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 41 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés

Acknowledgements Consideraciones para su conservación. This study was supported by financial aid (Tesis presentada en opción al grado from Operation Wallacea. We are grateful académico de Máster en Manejo Inte- for the continuous support of Alton College, grado de Zonas Costeras). Centro de In- Queen Elizabeth School, Lancing College vestigaciones Marinas, Universidad de and St Benedict’s Catholic School. We es- La Habana, Ciudad de La Habana. pecially thank Anmari Álvarez Alemán to Alvárez-Alemán, A., Angulo-Valdés, J.A., be our guide in the area. We thank all the García, E., Powell, J.A. y Taylor, C.R. volunteers who supported this research es- (2016). Occurrence of the Endangered pecially Dagny-Elise Anastassiou. Thanks Antillean manatee Trichechus manatus to Roamsy Volta and Lázaro V. García for manatus in a marine protected area, his technical assistance. Isla de la Juventud, Cuba. Oryx, 1-8, doi:10.1017/S0030605315001143. References Angulo-Valdés, J. A. (2005). Effectiveness Adams, A. J., Dahlgren, C. P., Kellison, of a Cuban Marine Protected Area in G. T., Kendall, M. S., ... Layman, C. meeting multiple management objecti- A. (2006). Nursery function of tropical ves. (PhD Thesis), DalhousieUniversity, back-reef systems. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., Halifax, Novo Scotia. 318, 287-301. Arias-Schreiber, M., Wolff, M., Cano, M., Aguilar, C., González-Sansón, G., de la Martínez-Daranas, B., ... Marcos, Z., Guardia, E., Suárez, A.M., Trilles, J. y (2008). Changes in benthic assemblages Angulo J. (2000) Inventario de los com- of the Gulf of Batabano (Cuba). Results ponentes más comunes de la flora y la from cruises undertaken during 1981- fauna del arrecife de coral costero de la 85 and 2003-04. PanAm. J. Ac. Sci. 3(1), Caleta de San Lázaro, región Norocci- 49-60. dental de Cuba, en el período de 1996 a Armenteros, M., Díaz-Asencio, M., Fernán- 1998. Rev. Invest. Mar., 21(1-3), 53–59. dez-Garcés, R., Eriksson, M. Alonso-Her- Alcala, A. C., Russ, G. R., Maypa, A. P. y nández, C. y Sanchez-Cabeza, J.A. (2012). Calumpong, H. P. (2005). A long-term, Historical changes of sediments and mo- spatially replicated experimental test llusk assemblages in the Gulf of Batabanó of the effect of marine reserves on local () in the twentieth century. fish yields.Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 62, Environ Monit Assess 184, 4709-4723. 98-108. doi: 10.1139/F04-176 Arriaza, L., Rodas, L., Simanca, J., Loren- Alonso-Hernandez, C.M., Conte, F, Misic, zo-Sánchez, S., Milian, D.L. y Rome- C., Barsanti, M., ... Gómez-Batista, M. ro, P. (2008). Contribución a la gestión (2011). An overview of the Gulf of Ba- ambiental del Golfo de Batabanó, Cuba: tabanó (Cuba): Environmental features Modelación numérica de corrientes ma- as revealed by surface sediment cha- rinas. Rev. Invest. Mar. 29(2), 89-99. racterisation. Cont. Shelf Res., 31(7-8), Beger, M., Jones, G. P. y Munday, P. L. 749-757. (2003). Conservation of coral reef bio- Alvarez-Alemán, A (2010). Estado ac- diversity: a comparison of reserve se- tual del manatí (Trichechus mana- lection procedures for corals and fishes. tus) en la Ensenada de la Siguanea: Biol. Conserv., 111, 53-62.

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 42 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés

Böhlke, J. E. y Chaplin, C. C. (1970). Fis- Figueredo-Martín, T., Pina-Amargós, F., hes of the Bahamas and adjacent tro- Angulo-Valdés, J. y Gómez-Fernández, pical waters. Livingston Publication R. (2010). Buceo contemplativo en Jardi- Company, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania. nes de la Reina, Cuba: Caracterización Centro Nacional de Áreas Protegidas. y percepción sobre el estado de conser- (2013). Plan del Sistema Nacional de vación del área. Rev. Invest. Mar., 31(1), Áreas Protegidas 2014-2020. Ministerio 23-32. de Ciencias Tecnología y Medio Ambien- Froese, R. y Pauly, D. (Eds). 2015. Fish- te, La Habana, Cuba. Base. World Wide Web electronic pu- Chevalier, M.P.P., Cabrera, S.E., Caballe- blication. www.fishbase.org, version ro, A.H., Corrada, W.R., ... Fernández, (10/2015). O.A. (2014). Lionfish (Pterois volitans/ Gómez O, Ibarzábal, D.R. y Silva, A. (1980). miles: Scorpaenidae) in Cuba, Abun- Evaluación cuantitativa de bentos en la dance, Distribution and Ecologic Rela- región suroccidental de Cuba. Informe tionships. Proceedings of the 66th Gulf Científico-Técnico Instituto de Oceanolo- and Caribbean Fisheries Institute Nov- gía (149), 1-25. ember 4-8, 2013 Corpus Christi, Texas González-Díaz, P., Perera-Pérez, O, Pé- USA. rez-García, J.A., y Hernández-Fernán- Claro, R. y Robertson., D.R. (2010). Los dez, L. (2012). Biodiversidad de corales, Peces de Cuba. Instituto de Oceano- gorgonias y esponjas en un sector del logía, CITMA, La Habana, Cuba, en golfo de Ana María. Rev. Invest. Mar. CD-ROM. 32(2) Claro, R. y García-Arteaga, J.P. (1993). González–Sansón, de la Guardia, E., Agui- Estructura de las comunidades de peces lar, C., González, C. y Ortiz, M. (1997). asociados a los manglares del grupo in- Inventario de los componentes más co- sular Sabana-Camagüey, Cuba. Avicen- munes de la fauna en un arrecife de co- nia, 0, 60-83. ral costero de la región noroccidental de Claro, R., Lindeman, K.C. y Parenti, Cuba. Rev. Invest. Mar. 18(3), 193-197. L.R. (2001). Ecology of the marine fis- González-Sansón, G., Aguilar, C., Hernán- hes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution dez, I., Cabrera, Y. y Curry, R. A. (2009). Press,Washington, D.C. The influence of habitat and fishing on Cobián, D., Claro, R., Chavalier, P., Pe- reef fish assemblages in Cuba. Gulf and rera, S. y Caballero, H. (2011). Estruc- Caribbean Research, 21(1), 13-21. tura de las asociaciones de peces en los Graham, N. A. J., McClanahan, T. R., arrecifes coralinos del Parque Nacional MacNeil, M. A., Wilson, S. K. ... Po- Guanahacabibes, Cuba. Rev. Mar. Cost., lunin (2008). Climate warming, mari- 3, 153-169. ne protected areas and the -scale Cobián, D., Perera, S., Pérez, A., Aguilar, integrity of coral reef ecosystems. PLoS S. ... Álvarez, A. (2013). Caracteriza- ONE, 3(8): e3039. doi: 10.1371/journal. ción de los ecosistemas costeros al norte pone.0003039 del Área Protegida de Recursos Maneja- Guitart, D. (1985) Sinopsis de los peces dos Península de Guanahacabibes, Cu- marinos de Cuba. Editorial Científico- ba. Rev. Mar. Cost., 5, 37-55. Técnica, La Habana.

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 43 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés

Harborne, A. R., Mumby, P. J., Micheli, F., Jones, D. L., Walter, J. F., Brooks, E. Perry, C. T., ... Dahlgren, C. P. (2006). N. y Serafy, J. E. (2010). Connectivi- The functional value of Caribbean coral ty through ontogeny: fish population reef, seagrass and mangrove habitats to linkages among mangrove and coral re- ecosystem processes. Advances in Ma- ef habitats. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Series, 401, rine Biology, 50, 58-189. doi: 10.1016/ 245-258. doi: 10.3354/meps08404 S0065-2881(05)50002-6 Jones, R.S. y Thompson, M.J. (1978). Com- Hernández Martínez, D., Álvarez-Alemán, parison of Florida reef fish assemblages A., Bonde, R.K., Powell, J.A. y García- using a rapid visual technique. Bull. of Machado, E. (2013). Diversidad haplotí- Mar. Sci. 28,159-172. pica en el manatí Trichechus manatus Lopeztegui, C. A., Capetillo, P.N. y Be- en Cuba: Resultados preliminares. Rev. tanzos, V.A. (2012). Variaciones en la Invest. Mar. 33(2), 58-61. condición nutricional de langostas Pa- Hernández-Fernández, L., Olivera, Y., nulirus argus (Decapoda: Palinuridae) González-De Zayas, R., Salvat Torres, en la región este del Golfo de Bata- H., ... Guimarais Bermejo, M. (2013). banó, Cuba. Rev. Biol. Trop., 60 (1): Caracterización fisicoquímica e inven- 263-271 tario de especies del Gran Banco de Lorenzo-Sanchez, S. L., Simanca-Cárde- Buena Esperanza, golfo de Guacanaya- nas, J., Rodas-Fernández, L., Arria- bo, Cuba. Rev. Invest. Mar. 33, 43-57. za-Oliveros, L., Martínez-Bayón, C. y Hernández-Fernández, L. y Salvat-To- Hernández-González, M. (2006). Carta rres, H. (2014). Composición, estructura de circulación general de las aguas del y condición de las comunidades de cora- golfo de Batabanó. les pétreos y de peces en áreas protegi- Mallet, D. y Pelletier, D. (2014). Un- das de la provincia Granma, Cuba. Rev. derwater video techniques for observing Invest. Mar, 34(1), 64-80. coastal marine biodiversity: A review of Hixon, M. A. y Beets, J. P. (1993). Preda- sixty years of publications (1952-2012). tion, prey refuges and the structure of Fish. Res., 154, 44-62. doi: 10.1016/j. coral-reef fish assemblages. Ecological fishres.2014.01.019 Monographs, 63(1), 77-101. Mazieres, J. D. y Comley, J. (2008). An in- Hughes, T. P., Rodriguez, M. J., Bellwood, vestigation of coral reef fish assemblages D. R., Ceccarelli, D., ... Hoegh-Gul- modelling with geostatistical methods. dberg (2007). Phase shifts, herbivory, Paper presented at the Proceedings of and the resilience of coral reefs to clima- the 11th International Coral Reef Sym- te change. Current Biology, 17, 360-365. posium, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2006.12.049 Micheli, F., Halpern, B. S., Botsford, L. Humann, P. y Deloach, N (1994). Reef Fish W. y Warner, R. R. (2004). Trajectories Identification. Florida, Caribbean, - Ba and correlates of community change in hamas. New World Publications, Inc. no-take marine reserves. Ecol. Applic., 2nd ed. 14 (6), 1709-1723. IUCN (2015). The IUCN Red List of Threa- Miloslavich, P., Díaz, J. M., Klein, E., Al- tened Species. Retrieved 2016-04-02, varado, J. J., ... Díaz, C. (2010). Marine from www.iucnredlist.org, version 2015.4. biodiversity in the Caribbean: Regional

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 44 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés

estimates and distribution patterns. mangrove and reef systems in San Salva- PLoS ONE, 5(8): e11916. doi: 10.1371/ dor, Bahamas. Mar. Ecol. 36, 28-37. journal.pone.0011916 Pina-Amargós, F., González-Sansón, G., Mumby, P. J., Broad, K., Brumbaugh, Martín-Blanco, F. y Valdivia, A. (2014). D. R., Dahlgren, C. P., ... Harbor- Evidence for protection of targeted re- ne, A. R. (2008). Coral reef habitats ef fish on the largest marine reserve in as surrogates of species, ecological the Caribbean. PeerJ 2,e274 https://doi. functions, and ecosystem services. Con- org/10.7717/peerj.274 servation Biology, 22(4), 941-951. doi: Pina-Amargós, F., Salvat Torres, H., An- 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00933.x gulo-Valdés, J.A., Cabrera Páez, Y. y Mumby, P. J., Dahlgren, C. P., Harborne, A. García-Machado, E. (2012a). Ictiofauna R., Kappel, C. V., ... Micheli, F. (2006). del golfo de Ana María, Cuba. Rev. In- Fishing, trophic cascades, and the pro- vest. Mar. 32(2), 45-53 cess of grazing on coral reefs.Science, Pina-Amargós, F., Salvat Torres, H. y Ló- 311, 98-101. doi: 10.1126/science.1121129 pez-Fernández, N. (2012b) Ictiofauna del Navarro-Martínez, Z. (2012). Composición archipiélago Jardines de la Reina, Cu- de la dieta de Trichechus manatus (Si- ba. Rev. Invest. Mar. 32(2), 54-65. renia: Trichechidae) en la Ensenada de Pratchett, M. S., Hoey, A. S. y Wilson, S. la Siguanea, Isla de la Juventud, Cuba. K. (2014). Reef degradation and the loss (Tesis presentada en opción al grado aca- of critical ecosystem goods and services démico de Licenciado en Biología). Centro provided by coral reef fishes.Current Opi- de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad nion in Environmental Sustainability, 7, de La Habana, Ciudad de La Habana. 37-43. doi: 10.1016/j.cosust.2013.11.022 Navarro-Martínez, Z. (2015). Ictiofauna Rodríguez-Viera, L., Rodríguez-Casarie- arrecifal de Punta Francés, Cuba: Es- go, J., Pérez-García, J.A., Olivera, Y. tructura y estado de conservación en el y Perera-Pérez, O. (2012). Invertebra- periodo 2011-2014. (Tesis presentada en dos marinos de la zona central del golfo opción al grado académico de Máster en de Ana María, Cuba. Rev. Invest. Mar. Biología Marina y Acuicultura). Cen- 32(2), 30-38 tro de Investigaciones Marinas, Uni- Scheffer, M., Carpenter, S., & Young, B. versidad de La Habana, Ciudad de La d. (2005). Cascading effects of overfis- Habana. hing marine systems. Trends in Ecolo- Navarro-Martínez, Z. y Angulo-Valdés, gy and Evolution, 20(11), 579-581. doi: A.J. (2015). Estado de conservación de 10.1016/j.tree.2005.08.018 la ictiofauna arrecifal en parques nacio- Schofield, P.J. (2010). Update on geogra- nales cubanos: una revisión. Rev. Invest. phic spread of invasive lionfishes Pte ( - Mar, 35(1), 82-93 rois volitans [Linnaeus 1758] and P. Nelson, J. S. (2006). Fishes of the World – miles [Bennett 1828]) in the Western 4th ed. Univ. of Alberta, Canada. North , Caribbean Sea Pimiento, C., Nifong, C.J., Hunter, E.M., and . Aquatic Invasions, Monaco, E. y Silliman, R.B. (2015). Habi- 5, S117-S122. tat use patterns of the invasive red lionfish Semidey, A., Busutil, L., Espinosa, J., Pterois volitans: a comparison between González-Rodríguez, N. ... Durán, A.

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45 Marine fishes of La Siguanea 45 Rodríguez-Viera • Navarro-Martínez • Evans • Ruiz-Abierno • García-Galano • Angulo-Valdés

(2013). Inventario de especies marinas Saba Bank, Netherlands Antilles: as- de los cayos del norte del Golfo de Ba- semblage structure across a gradient of tabanó, SO de Cuba. Ser. Ocean., 13, habitat types. PLoS ONE, 5(5), e9207. 95-109. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009207 Suárez, G. Y. (2011). Caracterización Velde, G. v. d., Gorissen, M. W., Hartog, de las comunidades de macrofitoben- C. d., Hoff, T. v. t. y Meijer, G. J. (1992). tos en el sureste de la Ensenada de la Importance of the Lac-lagoon (Bonai- Siguanea, Isla de la Juventud, Cuba. re, Netherlands Antilles) for a selected (Tesis presentada en opción al grado number of reef fish species. Hydrobiolo- académico de Licenciado en Biología). gia, 247, 139-140. Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Williams, I. D. y Polunin, N. V. C. (2000). Universidad de La Habana, Ciudad de Differences between protected and un- La Habana. protected reef of the western Caribbean Toller, W., Debrot, A. O., Vermeij, M. J. in attributes preferred by dive tourists. A. y Hoetjes, P. C. (2010). Reef fishes of Env. Conserv., 27(4), 382-391.

REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 37 • No. 2 • JULIO-DICIEMBRE • 2017 • pp. 29-45