Trees, Shrubs, and Vines Native to Westchester

3 West Main Street, Suite 112 Elmsford, NY 10523 Tel: 914-285-4620 / Fax: 914-285-4624 [Type here] E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.cce.cornell.edu/westchester of Westchester County

TREES, SHRUBS AND VINES NATIVE TO WESTCHESTER COUNTY, NEW YORK by David Chinery, Cornell Cooperative Extension of Westchester County

This list is designed to be a simple reference for gardeners who would like to incorporate native woody plants into their gardens. There may be some discussion in regard to whether certain plants are actually native here, since much of Westchester County has been logged, cleared, or otherwise disturbed since European settlers arrived over 300 years ago, and certain species may have been lost through these activities. Some plants on this list may be very difficult to find or extinct in today's Westchester, but based on research, are believed to have once been more prevalent here.

Native Trees: Juniperus virginiana - Red Cedar Acer nigrum - Black Maple Liquidambar styraciflua - Sweetgum Acer rubrum - Red Maple Liriodendron tulipifera - Tulip Tree Acer saccharum - Sugar Maple Magnolia virginiana - Sweetbay Magnolia Acer saccharinum - Silver Maple Morus rubra - Red Mulberry Alnus rugosa - Hazel Alder Nyssa sylvatica - Black Tupelo Amelanchier arborea - Serviceberry Ostrya virginiana - American Hop Hornbeam Betula lutea - Yellow Birch Pinus rigida - Pitch Pine Betula lenta - Black Birch Pinus strobus - Eastern White Pine Betula populifolia - Gray Birch Platanus occidentalis - American Sycamore Betula nigra - River Birch Populus deltoides - Cottonwood Carpinus caroliniana - Hornbeam Populus tremuloides - Quaking Aspen Carya ovata - Shagbark Hickory Prunus virginiana - Common Chokeberry Carya glabra - Pignut Hickory Prunus serotina - Black Cherry Carya tomentosa - Mockernut Hickory Prunus pennsylvanica - Pin Cherry Carya cordiformis - Bitternut Hickory Quercus alba - White Oak Castanea dentata - American Chestnut Quercus rubra - Red Oak Celtis occidentalis - Hackberry Quercus prinus - Chestnut Oak Cornus alternifolia - Alternate-leaved Dogwood Quercus coccinea - Scarlet Oak Cornus florida - Flowering Dogwood Quercus palustris - Pin Oak Crataegus pruinosa - Frosted Hawthorn Quercus bicolor - Swamp White Oak Crataegus crus-galli - Cockspur Hawthorn Quercus velutina - Black Oak Crataegus punctata - Dotted Hawthorn Robinia pseudoacacia - Black Locust Diospyros virginiana - Paw-paw (Regulated as per NYSDEC rules 2014) Fagus grandifolia - American Beech Salix bebbiana - Bebb Willow Fraxinus nigra - Black Ash Salix discolor - Pussy Willow Fraxinus americana - White Ash Salix nigra - Black Willow Fraxinus pensylvanica - Green Ash Sassafras albidum - Common Sassafras Hamamelis virginiana - Witch Hazel Tilia americana - Basswood Ilex opaca - American Holly Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock Juglans nigra - Eastern Black Walnut Ulmus americana - American Elm Juglans cinerea - Butternut

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Native Shrubs: Ribes americanum - American Black Currant Alnus serrulata - Common Alder Rosa palustris - Swamp Rose Amelanchier laevis - Alleghany Serviceberry Rosa virginiana - Virginia Rose Amelanchier canadensis - Shadblow Serviceberry Rosa carolina - Pasture Rose Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - Bearberry Rubus odoratus - Fragrant Thimbleberry Aronia prunifolia - Purplefruit Chokeberry Rubus occidentalis - Blackcap Raspberry Aronia arbutifolia - Red Chokeberry Rubus allegheniensis - Northern Blackberry Aronia melanocarpa - Black Chokeberry Salix lucida - Shining Willow Baccharis halimifolia - Groundsel Bush Salix humulis - Prairie Willow Ceanothus americanus - New Jersey Tea Sambucus pubens - Scarlet Elderberry Cephalanthus occidentalis - Buttonbush Sambucus canadensis - American Elderberry Chamaedaphne calyculata - Leatherleaf Spiraea latifolia - Meadowsweet Clethra alnifolia - Sweet pepperbush Spiraea tomentosa - Hardhack Spiraea Comptonia peregrina - Sweetfern Staphylea trifolia - American Bladdernut Cornus amomum - Silky Dogwood Vaccinium corymbosum - Highbush Blueberry Cornus alternifolia - Alternate-leaved Dogwood Vaccinium angustifolium - Lowbush Blueberry Cornus sericea - Red-osier Dogwood Vaccinium macrocarpum - Cranberry Cornus racemosa - Red-panicled Dogwood Viburnum lentago - Nannyberry Viburnum Cornus rugosa - Roundleaf Dogwood Viburnum rafinesquianum - Rafineque Viburnum Corylus cornuta - Beaked Filbert Viburnum dentatum - Arrowwood Viburnum Corylus americana - American Filbert Viburnum prunifolium - Blackhaw Viburnum Diervilla lonicera - Bush Honeysuckle Viburnum acerifolium - Mapleleaf Viburnum Dirca palustris - Atlantic Leatherwood Viburnum stamineum - Common Deerberry Euonymus americanus - Brook Euonymus Viburnum cassinoides - Witherod Viburnum Gaylussacia baccata - Black Huckleberry Hibiscus moscheutos - Rose-mallow Ilex glabra - Inkberry Holly Native Vines: Ilex verticillata - Winterberry Holly Kalmia latifolia - Mountain Laurel Celastrus scandens - American Bittersweet Kalmia angustifolia - Sheep Laurel Clematis verticillaris - Rock Clematis Lindera benzoin - Spicebush Clematis virginiana - Virginsbower Lyonia ligustrina - He-huckleberry Lonicera sempervirens - Trumpet Honeysuckle Myrica pensylvanica - Northern Bayberry Lonicera dioica - Limber Honeysuckle Physocarpus opulifolius - Common Ninebark Menispermum canadense - Common Moonseed Prunus americana - American Plum Parthenocissus quinquefolia - Virginia Creeper Prunus maritima - Beach Plum Smilax rotundifolia - Common Greenbrier Quercus ilicifolia - Scrub Oak Toxicodendron radicans - Common Poison Ivy Rhododendron viscosum - Swamp Azalea Vitis riparia - Riverbank Grape Rhododendron periclymenoides - Pinxter Azalea Vitis lambrusca - Fox Grape Rhus glabra - Smooth Sumac Rhus copallina - Shining Sumac Rhus typhina - Staghorn Sumac

Sources: Michael Dirr, A Manual Of Woody Landscape Plants Gary Hightshoe, Native Trees For Urban and Rural America: A Planting Design Manual for Environmental Designers Harrison L. Flint, Landscape Plants for Eastern North America Exclusive of Florida and the Immediate Gulf Coast Native Species Planting Guide for New York City and Vicinity. City of New York Parks and Recreation -- Natural Resources Group Personal observations of the author and staff of the Extension Horticulture Program 2015 slightly revised as per New York State Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Plants, 2014 filename: tree, shrub, etc. native to West. Cty. NY.doc