Town of Mount Pleasant Conservation Advisory Council Native Plant Resource Guide

Introduction to the Guide

Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Plants

Native Plants Recommended for TriState Area Herbaceous Flowering Perennials, Evergreen Trees, Broadleaf Evergreen Shrubs, Vines, Woody Groundcovers, Shade Trees, Deciduous Flowering Trees Pages 1 - 3

Deer Resistant Native Plants Grasses, Herbaceous Plants, Herbaceous Emergents, Ferns, Vines, Groundcovers, Shrubs, Evergreen Trees, Trees Pages 4 - 5

Edible Fruiting Trees and Shrubs Native Plants that Attract Birds Shrubs, Trees Page 6

Native Plants that Attract Butter/1ies and Hummingbirds Wildflowers, Vines, Shrubs, Trees Sunny Rain Gardens Grasses, Wet-Meadow Herbaceous Page 7

Shady Rain Gardens Ferns, Wetlands, Shrubs and Trees Page S

Native Plants for Erosion Control Native Trees for Salt Tolerance Evergreen Trees, Flowering Deciduous, Deciduous Shrub, Deciduous Tree Page 9

Native Plants for Bio-retention & Vegetative Swales Grasses, Perennials, Small Trees and Shrubs Page 10

Native Plants for Dry Soil Full Sun: Ferns, Wildflowers, Vines, Groundcovers, Shrubs, Trees Partial to Full Shade: Ferns, Grasses, Shrubs, Trees Page 11

Native Plants for Limestone Soils Trees & Shrubs, Herbaceous Plants, Ferns, Grasses, Vines Page 12

Native Plants for Wetlands-Riparian Areas Trees, Shrubs, Grasses, Perennials, Ferns Page 13 INTRODUCTION TO THE GUIDE

Our native wildlife and plants evolved over thousands of years into a deeply integrated ecosystem of food producers and food consumers. Ecosystems are that complex interdependent relationship of living things, organic and inorganic material (from microbes to mammals, mountains and rocks) that in healthy combination support a chain of life that includes our own. Invasive and non native plants can disrupt that chain by outcompeting and replacing native species, reducing species diversity and altering natural ecological patterns.

There are consequences from the reduction or elimination of native species in this chain that we have all come to depend on for clean water, clean air and abundant food. Invasive or non native vegetation offers no value in supporting ecosystems but instead do damage as they easily proliferate past his property lines onto neighbors' yards, parkland and other open spaces.

This guide is intended to be a comprehensive resource for homeowners and developers interested in supporting the valuable environmental services provided by native plants in their landscaping plans. It includes a list of vegetation native to this region followed by sections where those plants are listed in various landscaping use categories i.e. deer resistant, erosion control, salt tolerant, bird habitat etc. It will serve as a guide toward the important goal of providing environmental services and habitat values for wildlife as well as aesthetic qualities.

By providing native habitat to support healthy ecosystems, homeowners can be good backyard environmental stewards on a quarter acre lot every bit as much as an estate or large preserve. Environmentalists, recognizing the inevitable development of open space, calculate that the most promising and largest opportunity for native plant preservation may be the perimeter and backyards of subdivision homes. The native plant options for this "open space," all good alternatives to invasive non natives plants, are available in local nurseries and more information is readily available at the Native Plant Center at Westchester Community College.

The Conservation Advisory Council has noted that most home builders and developers support using native plantings in their landscaping plans for new construction, recognizing the aesthetic, environmental and marketing value. It is though left to the homeowner to continue to support this valuable contribution to maintaining good ecosystems.

We hope that this guide will provide an efficient and easy resource for everyone from home gardeners to landscape architects. A lot is at stake including recreational fishing and boating, agriculture, healthy bee populations and the simple pleasure of seeing butterflies in our backyards.

TOWN OF MOUNT PLEASANT CONSERVATION ADVISORY COUNCIL Steven Kavee, Chair Compiled by members: GG Kopilak, Jo DiCostanzo, Susan Cember

This plant guide and was created from various sources including but not limited to The Native Plant Center, Rosedale Nurseries, NYS Department of Environmental Conservation, Native Landscapes, Inc., Native Plant Garden Center, Pawling, NY, Westchester County Go Native (Westchestergov.com). It is a guide with suggestions and not a definitive resource. PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES

PROHIBITED

TERRESTRIAL PLANTS Reynoutria japonica, Japanese Knotweed Acer pseudoplatanus, Sycamore Maple Reynoutria sachalinensis, Giant Knotweed Achyranthes japonica, Japanese Chaff Flower Reynoutria x bohemica, Bohemian Knotweed Alliaria petiolata, Garlic Mustard Rhamnus cathartica, Common Buckthorn Ampelopsis brevipedunculata, Porcelain Berry Rosa multiflora, Muliflora Rose Anthriscus sylvestris, Wild Chervil Rubus phoenicolasius, Wineberry Aralia elata, Japanese Angelica Tree Salix atrocinerea, Gray Florist's Willow Artemisia vulgaris, Mugwort Silphium perfoliatum, Cup-plant Arthraxon hispidus, Small Carpet Grass Vitex rotundifolia, Beach Vitex Berberis thunbergii, Japanese Barberry

Brachypodium sylvaticum, Slender False Brome WETLAND PLANTS Cardamine impatiens, Narrowleaf Bittercress Frangula alnus, Smooth Buckthorn Celastrus orbiculatus, Oriental Bittersweet Glyceria maxima, Reed Manna Grass Centaurea stoebe, Spotted Knapweed Iris pseudacorus, Yellow Iris Cirsium arvense, Canada Thistle Lythrum salicaria, Purple Loosestrife Cynanchum louiseae, Black Swallow-wort Murdannia keisak, Marsh Dewflower Cynanchum rossicum, Pale Swallow-wort Phragmites australis, Common Reed Grass Dioscorea polystachya, Chinese Yam

Dipsacus laciniatus, Cut-leaf Teasel AQUATIC PLANTS Elaeagnus umbellata, Autumn Olive Cabomba caroliniana, Fanwort Euphorbia cyparissias, Cypress Spurge Egeria densa, Brazilian Waterweed Euphorbia esula, Leafy Spurge Hydrilla verticillata, Hydrilla/ Water Thyme Ficaria verna, Lesser Celandine Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, European Frogbit Heracleum mantegazzianum, Giant Hogweed Ludwigia hexapetala Uruguayan Primrose Willow Humulus japonicus, Japanese Hops Ludwigia peploides, Floating Primrose Willow Imperata cylindrica, Cogon Grass Myriophyllum aquaticum, Parrot-feather Lepidium latifolium, Broad-leaved Pepper-grass Myriophyllum heterophyllum, Broadleaf Water-milfoil Lespedeza cuneata, Chinese Lespedeza Myriophyllum spicatum, Eurasian Water-milfoil Ligustrum obtusifolium, Border Privet Nymphoides peltata, Yellow Floating Heart Lonicera japonica, Japanese Honeysuckle Potamogeton crispus, Curly Pondweed Lonicera maackii, Amur Honeysuckle Trapa natans, Water Chestnut Lonicera morrowii, Morrow's Honeysuckle Lonicera tatarica, Tartarian Honeysuckle Lonicera x bella, Fly Honeysuckle Lysimachia vulgaris, Garden Loosestrife Lythrum salicaria, Purple Loosestrife REGULATED Microstegium vimineum, Japanese Stilt Grass Acer platanoides, Norway Maple Oplismenus hirtellus, Wavyleaf Basketgrass Clematis terniflora, Japanese Virgin's Bower Persicaria perfoliata, Mile-a- minute Weed Euonymus alatus, Burning Bush Phellodendron amurense, Amur Cork Tree Euonymus fortunei, Winter Creeper Phyllostachys aurea, Golden Bamboo Miscanthus sinensis, Phyllostachys aureosulcata, Yellow Groove Bamboo Chinese Silver Grass Pueraria montana, Kudzu Robinia pseudoacacia, Black Locust NATIVE PLANTS

HERBACEOUS FLOWERING PERENNIALS Heuchera americana and H. villosa (Coralbells) B/W Key to Typical Uses: Hibiscus moscheutos (Marsh Mallow) B/M/E B -- Borders Iris cristata (Crested Iris) W Iris M - Meadows versicolor (Blue Flag) E W -- Woodlands/Shade Jeffersonia diphylla (Twinleaf) W E -- Water Edges/Moist Liatris spicata (Blazing Star) B/M R -- Rock Gardens Lobelia cardinalis (Cardinal Flower) M/W/E Actaea pachypoda (Baneberry) W Lobelia siphilitica (Great Blue Lobelia) M/W Amsonia tabernaemontana, A. hubrichtii Mertensia virginica (Virginia Bluebells) W (Blue Star Flower) B/M Monarda didyma & M. fistulosa (Bee Balm) B/M Anemone canadensis (NaCve Anemone) W Oenothera species (Sundrops & Evening Primroses) B/M Anemone cylindrica (Thimbleweed) W Opuntia humifusa (Eastern Prickly Pear) R Anemone virginiana (Virginia Anemone) W Pachysandra procumbens (Alleghany Spurge) W Aquilegia canadensis (Wild Columbine) W/R Penstemon digitalis (Smooth White Penstemon or Arisaema triphyllum (Jack-in-the-Pulpit) W Beardtongue) B/M Aruncus dioicus (Goatsbeard) B/M/W Phlox divaricata (Canadian Phlox) W Asarum canadense (Canadian Ginger) W Phlox maculata (Wild Sweet William) B/M Asarum shuttleworthi (ShuMleworth's Ginger) W Phlox paniculata (Garden Phlox) B/M Asclepias incarnata (Swamp Milkweed) M/E Phlox stolonifera (Creeping Phlox) W Asclepias tuberosa (BuMerfly Weed) M Phlox subulata (Moss Phlox) R Aster cordifolius (Heart-leaf Aster) W Physostegia virginiana (False Dragonhead) B/M Aster divaricatus (White Wood Aster) W Podophyllum peltatum (May Apple) W/E Aster ericoides (Heath Aster) B,/M Polemonium reptans (Creeping Polemonium) B/M Aster laevis (Smooth Aster) B/W Polygonatum biflorum (Solomon's Seal) W Aster macrophyllus (Big Leaf Aster) W Porteranthus (aka Gillenia) trifoliata (Bowman's Root) W Aster novae-angliae and cvs. (New England Aster) B/M Pycnanthemum muticum, P. flexuosum Aster novi-belgii and cvs. (New York Aster) B/M (Mountain Mint) B/M/E Baptisia -- all species (False Indigo) B/M Rudbeckia species (Black-eyed Susan) B/M Boltonia asteroides (Boltonia) B/M Sanguinaria canadensis (Bloodroot) W Caltha palustris (Marsh Marigold) E Scutellaria serrata (Skullcap) W Chelone -- all species (Turtlehead) B/M Sisyrinchium angustifolium (Blue-eyed Grass) B/M Chrysogonum virginianum (Golden Star) W Smilacina racemosa (False Solomon's Seal) W Cimicifuga racemosa (Snakeroot) W Solidago species (Golden Rod) B/M Clintonia borealis (Bluebead Lily) W Stokesia laevis (Stoke's Aster) B/M Thalictrum dioicum (Early Meadow Rue) M/W Coreopsis species (Coreopsis or Tickseed) B/M Thermopsis villosa (Carolina False Lupine) B/M Dicentra canadensis (Squirrel Corn) W Tiarella cordifolia and T. wherryi (Foamflower) W Dicentra cucullaria (Dutchman's Breeches) W Tradescantium virginiana (Virginia Spiderwort) B/R/W Dicentra exima (Wild Bleeding Heart) W Trillium cuneatum (Toad Trillium) W Echinacea species (Coneflower) B/M Trillium erectum (Wake Robin) W Eryngium yuccifolium (RaMlesnake Master) BM Trillium grandiflorum (Snow Trillium) W Eupatorium coelestinum (Hardy Ageratum) B/M Uvularia perfoliata (Perforated Bellwort) W Eupatorium purpureum (E. dubium., E. maculatum, E. Veronia noveboracensis (Ironweed) B/M rugosum) (Joe Pye Weed) B/M Veronicastrum virginicum (Culver's Root) B/M Filipendula rubra (Queen-of-the-Prairie) B/M Viola culcullata (Marsh Blue Violet) M/W Galax urceolata (Beetle) W Viola labradorica (Labrador Violet) W/R Gentiana andrewsii (BoMle GenCan) B/R Viola pedata (Bird's Foot Violet) W Geranium maculatum (SpoMed Geranium) M/W Waldsteinia fragarioides (Barren Strawberry) W Helenium autumnale (Sneezeweed) B/M Zizia aurea (Golden Alexanders) M/E Heliopsis helianthoides (Perennial Sunflower) B/M

Hepatica aculiloba (Sharp-Lobed HepaCca) W

1

NATIVE PLANTS Cont'd (2)

FERNS Preferred Conditions: DECIDUOUS FLOWERING SHRUBS Aesculus Exposure: Soils: parviflora (BoMlebrush Buckeye) Aronia S -- Sun A -- Average Soil arbutifolia 'Brilliant' (Red Chokeberry) Aronia SH -- Shade H -- Humus melanocarpa (Black Chokeberry) Baccharis M -- Moist halimifolia (Groundsel) Adiantum pedatum (American Maidenhair Fern) SH/H Callicarpa americana (American Beautyberry) Athyrium felix-femina (Lady Fern) S/M/SH/A Calycanthus floridus (Sweet Shrub) Dennsaedtia punctilobula (Hay-Scented Fern) S/SH/A Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey Tea) 3 Cephalanthus Dryopteris carthusiana (Toothed Wood Fern) SH/A/H occidentalis (BuMonbush) Dryopteris cristata (Crested Wood Fern) SH/A/H Chionanthus virginicus (White Fringe) Dryopteris goldiana (Goldie's Woodfern) SH/A/H Clethra acuminata (Cinnamon Pepperbush) Dryopteris marginalis (Leather Wood Fern) SH/A/H Clethra alnifolia (Sweet Pepperbush) Dryopteris spinulosa (aka D. carthusiana) (Tooth Wood Comptonia peregrina (Sweet Fern) Fern) SH/A/H Cornus racemosa (Gray Twig Dogwood) Dryopteris x australis (Dixie Wood Fern) SH/A/H Cornus sericea (Red Twig Dogwood) Matteuccia pennsylvanica (Ostrich Fern) (aka Fothergilla gardenii (Dwarf Fothergilla) Struthiopteris) SH/M or A Fothergilla major (Large Fothergilla) Onoclea sensibilis (SensiCve Fern) S/M/SH/A or M Hamamelis vernalis (Spring Witch Hazel) Osmunda cinnamomea (Cinnamon Fern) SH/A or H; M Hamamelis virginiana (Fall Witch Hazel) Osmunda claytoniana (Interrupted Fern) SH/H or A Hydrangea arborescens (Smooth Hydrangea) Osmunda regalis (Royal Fern) S or SH/M Hydrangea quercifolia (Oakleaf Hydrangea) Polystichum acrostichoides (Christmas Fern) SH/A or H Ilex verticillata (Winterberry) Thelypteris noveboracensis (New York Fern) S/M/SH/A or H Itea virginica (Sweetspire) Lindera benzoin (Spicebush) GRASSES AND RELATED PLANTS Myrica pensylvanica (Bayberry) Preferred Conditions: Nemopanthus mucronatus (Mountain Holly) Exposure: Soils: Physocarpus opulifolius (Nine Bark) S - Sun A -- Average Soil Rhus aromatica (Fragrant Sumac) PS -- Part Shade M -- Moist Rhus glabra (Smooth Sumac) D -- Dry Rhus typhina (Staghorn Sumac) Acorus calamus (Sweet Flag) S/M Rosa carolina (Carolina Rose) Andropogon gerardi (Big Blue Stem) S/A Rosa palustris (Swamp Rose) Andropogon virginicus (Broom Sedge) S/A Rosa virginiana (Virginia Rose) Brizia media (Quaking Grass) S/A Salix discolor (Pussy Willow) Carex nigra (Black Blooming Sedge) S or PS/A or H Sambucus canadensis (Canadian Elderberry) Carex pensylvanica (Pennsylvania Sedge) S or PS/A or H Vaccinum angustifolium (Lowbush Blueberry) and cvs. Chasmanthium latifolium (Northern Sea Oats) S/A or D Vaccinum corymbosum (Highbush Blueberry) and cvs. Elymus glaucus (Blue Wild Rye) S/A or D Viburnum dentatum (Arrowwood) Equisetum hyemale (Horsetail or Scouring Rush) S/M Viburnum lantana (Wayfaring Tree incl. cv. 'Mohican') Festuca glauca (Blue Fescue) S/A or D Viburnum lentago (Nannyberry) Panicum virgatum (Switch Grass) and cvs. S/A or M Viburnum prunifolium (Black Haw Viburnum) Schizachyrium scoparium (LiMle Bluestem) S/A or D Viburnum trilobum (American Cranberry Bush) Sporobolis heterolepsis (Prairie Dropseed) S/A or D Sorghastrum nutans (Indian or Wood Grass) S or PS/A

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NATIVE PLANTS Cont'd (3)

BROADLEAF EVERGREEN SHRUBS (INCLUDING NATIVE SHADE TREES AZALEAS) Acer rubrum (Red (Swamp) Maple) and hybrids with Silver Azalea (Rhododendron) arborescens (Sweet Azalea) Maple (Acer x freemanii) Azalea (Rhododendron) atlanticum (Coastal Azalea) Acer saccharum (Sugar Maple) Azalea (Rhododendron) calendulaceum (Flame Azalea) Betula nigra (River Birch) Azalea (Rhododendron) nudiflora (Pinxterbloom Azalea) Betula papyrifera (Paper White or Canoe Birch) Azalea (Rhododendron) vaseyi (Pink-Shell Azalea) Carya cordiformis (BiMernut) Azalea (Rhododendron) viscosum (Swamp Azalea) Carya ovata (Shagbark Hickory) ( All native, deciduous Azalea (Rhododendron) species) Fagus grandifolia (American Beech) Ilex glabra (Inkberry) including cvs. 'Compacta', 'Densa', Gleditsia triacanthos (Honeylocust) 'Nigra', 'Shamrock' Gymnocladus dioicus (Kentucky Coffee Tree) Ilex opaca (American Holly) and cvs. Juglans nigra (Black Walnut) Kalmia angustifolia (Sheep Laurel) Liquidambar styraciflua (Sweet Gum) Kalmia latifolia (Mountain Laurel) and cvs. Liriodendron tulipifera (Tulip Tree) Leucothoe ('L. axillaris', 'L. catesbaeis', 'L. fontanesiana') Nyssa sylvatica (Sour Gum) (Leucothoe) Ostrya virginiana (American Hop Hornbeam) Rhododendron maximum (Rosebay Rhododendron) Quercus alba (White Oak) Zenobia pulverulenta (Dusty Zenobia) Quercus bicolor (Swamp White Oak) Quercus coccinea (Scarlet Oak) VINES Quercus imbricaria (Shingle Oak) Aristolochia macrophylla (Dutchman's Pipe) Quercus palustris (Pin Oak) Campsis radicans (Trumpet Vine) Quercus prinus (Chestnut Oak) Clematis virginiana (Virgin's Bower) Quercus rubra (Northern Red Oak) Decumaria barbara (NaCve Climbing Hydrangea) Sassafras albidum (Sassafras) Lonicera sempervirens (Trumpet Honeysuckle) Tilia americana (Basswood) Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia Creeper) Ulmus americana (American Elm) (Recommended Dutch Wisteria frutescens (American Wisteria) Elm Disease-resistant cvs. 'Princeton' & 'Valley Forge') Wisteria macrostachya (Kentucky Wisteria) DECIDUOUS FLOWERING TREES WOODY GROUNDCOVERS Aesculus octandra (aka A. flava) (Yellow Buckeye) Andromeda polifolia (Bog Rosemary) Aesculus glabra (Ohio Buckeye) Cornus canadensis (Bunchberry) Amelanchier canadensis, A. laevis, A. x lamarckii Gaultheria procumbens (Checkerberry or Wintergreen) (Shadbush, Shadblow, Juneberry) Gaylussacia species (Huckleberry) Asimina triloba (Pawpaw) Juniperus horizontalis (Horizontal Juniper) Cercis canadensis (Redbud, Whitebud) Mitchella repens (Partridgeberry) Chionanthus virginicus (White Fringe) Paxistima canbyi (Canby or Ratstripper) Cladrastis Kentuckea (aka c. lutea) (Yellowwood) Vaccinium macrocarpon (Cranberry) Cornus alternifolia (Pagoda Dogwood) Xanthorhiza simplicissima (Yellow Root) Cornus florida (White Flowering Dogwood) Cotinus obovatus (Smoke Tree) EVERGREEN TREES Crataegus crus-galli (Cockspur Hawthorn) Juniperus virginiana (Eastern Red Cedar) and cvs. Crataegus phaenopyrum (Washington Hawthorn) Magnolia grandiflora (Southern Magnolia) - Hardy cvs. Crataegus viridis 'Winter King' (Winter King Hawthorn) 'Bracken's Brown Beauty & 'Edith Bogue' Franklinia alatamaha (Franklinia) Picea glauca (White Spruce) Halesia monticola, H. tetraptera (Mountain Silverbell, Pinus strobus (White Pine) and cvs. Carolina Silverbell) Thuja occidentalis (Eastern or American Arborvitae) Magnolia acuminata (Cucumber Magnolia) including cvs. Magnolia virginiana 'Glauca' (Sweet Bay Magnolia) 'Hetz Wintergreen','Nigra', 'Smargd' ('Emerald Green') Oxydendrum arboreum (Sorrel Tree or Sourwood) and 'Techney' Viburnum lentago (Nannyberry) Tsuga canadensis (Canadian Hemlock) and cvs.

3

DEER RESISTANT PLANTS

GRASSES Lupinus perennis Purple Lupine Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebells Calamagrosts sp. Reed Grass Monarda sp. Bee Balm Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge Oenothera sp. Evening Primrose Carex plantaginea Plantainleaf sedge Pachysandra procumbens Allegheny spurge Carex stricta Sedge Penstemon digitalis Beardtongue Chasmanthium latifolium Northern Sea Oats Phlox divaricata Wild Blue Phlox Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted hairgrass Phlox stolonifera Creeping Phlox Elymus virginicus. Virginia Wild Rye Podophyllum peltatum Mayapple Panicum virgatum.Tall Switch/Rehbraun Polemonium reptans Greek Valerian Panic Grass Potentilla tridenta Winged Leaved Potentlla Sporobolis heterolepis Prairie dropseed Pycnanthemum sp. Mountain Mint, & Narrrow

Rudbekia fulgida Orange Cone Flower HERBACEOUS PLANTS Rudbekia hirta, sullivanti Black-eyed Susan Actaea pachypoda, White Baneberry, Black racemosa, rubra Snakeroot,Red Baneberry R. subtomentosa Henry Eilers Sweet Coneflower Agastache sp. Hyssop Senecio aureus Golden Ragwort Sisyrinchium angustifolium Blue - Eyed Grass Ageratina altssima White snakeroot Allium triccum Small White Leak Solidago species Goldenrod Aqueligia canadensis Red Columbine Symphyotrichum cordifolium Heart-leaved Aster Amsonia hubrecti Eastern Blue Star Anemone canadensis Canada anemone Tiarella cordifolia Foam Flower Anemone quinquefolia Wood anemone Vernonia noveboracensis New York Ironweed Anemone virginiana Thimbleweed Veronicastrum virginicum Culvers Root

Arisaema triphyllum Jack in the Pulpit Viola sp. Violet Aruncus dioicus Goatsbeard Zizia aurea Golden Aster

Asarum canadense Canada Wild Ginger Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Weed HERBACEOUS EMERGENTS Asclepias incarnate Swamp milkweed Iris prismatica Slender Blueflag Iris Iris versicolor Blueflag Iris A. incarnata Milkmaid Swamp mlkwd

Astlbe biternata False goatsbeard FERNS Adiantum pedatum Northern maidenhair Baptsia australis Wild Blue Indigo Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold Dryopteris Wood fern Chelone glabra White Turtlehead Dryopteris goldiana Goldie's wood fern Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern Chrysogonum virginianum Golden Knee/Star Conoclinium coelestinum Blue Mistflower Onoclea sensibilis Sensitve Fern Coreopsis sp. Tickseed Osmunda cinnamonea Cinnamon Fern Osmunda regalis Royal Fern Dicentra exima Wild Bleeding Heart Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas Fern Thelypteris noveboracensi New York Fern Eupatorium coelestinium False Ageratum Eupatorium rugosum Snakeroot

Eupatorium dubium Joe Pye Weed VINES Eurybia divaricatus White Wood Aster Celastris scandens. Climbing Bittersweet Eurybia spectabilis Eastern Showy Aster Clematis virginiana Virginia Virgins Bower Lonicera sempervirens. Trumpet Honeysuckle Eutrochium maculatum Gateway Spotted JoePW Geranium maculatum Wild Geranium Wisteria frutescens. Wisteria Helenium autumnale Common Sneezeweed Parthenocissud Heuchera americana Coral Bells quinquefolia Virginia Creeper Heuchera villosa Hairy Alumroot Hibiscus moscheutos Swamp Rosemallow GROUNDCOVERS Liatris spicata Dense Blazing Star Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi, Bearberry Lobelia cardinalis Red Cardinal Flower Pachysandra Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia procumbens Alleghany Spurge

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DEER RESISTANT PLANTS, Cont'd (2)

SHRUBS TREES Aesculus parviflora Bottlebrush Buckeye Acer negundo Box Elder Aralia spinosa. Hercules club Acer rubrum Red Maple Calycanthus floridus Sweetshrub, Carol. Allsp. Acer saccharum Silver Maple Clethra alnifolia Sweet Pepperbush Amelanchier canadensis Shad Tree, Serviceberry Cornus amomum Silky Dogwood Betula allegheniensis Yellow Birch Hamamelis virginiana American Witch Hazel Betula lenta Sweet Birch Hypericum frondosum St. Johns WortA Betula nigra River Birch Hypericum kalmianum Golden St. Johns Wort Carpinus caroliniana American Hornbeam Illex glabra. Inkberry Cercis canadensis E astern Red/White Bud Illex laevigata Smooth Winterberry Holly Cornus alternifolia Alternate-Leaf Dogwood Illex verticillata Winterberry Holly Cornus florida Flowering Dogwood Kalmia latifolia Mountain Laurel Diospyros virginiana Persimmon Leucothoe racemosa Fetterbush Fagus grandifolia American Beech Lindera benzoin Spicebush Fraxinus americana White Ash Myrica cerifera Bayberry Fraxinus pennsylvannica Green Ash Myrica pensylvanica Northern Bayberry Illex opaca American Holly Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac Itea virginica Henry's Garnet Virginia Salix discolor Pussywillow Sweetspire Spiraea alba Narrow-leaf Juniperus virginiana Red Cedar Meadowsweet Magnolia virginiana Sweetbay Magnolia Spiraea latifolia Northern Meadowsweet Nyssa sylvatica Black Gum Spiraea tomentosa Steeplebush Photinia pyrifolia Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Indian Currant Coralberry 'Brilliantissima' Red Chokeberry Vaccinium sp. Blueberry Pinus echinta Shortleaf Pine Viburum acerifolium Maple-leaf Viburnum Pinus rigida Pitch Pine Viburnum dentatum. Arrow-wood Pinus serotina Pond Pine Viburnum lentago Nannyberry Pinus taeda Loblolly Pine Viburnum nudum Witherod Pinus virginiana Virginia Pine Viburnum prunifolium Smooth black-haw Potentilla fruticosa Bush Cinquefoil Viburnum trilobum American Cranberry Bush Quercus alba White Oak Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak EVERGREEN TREES Quercus coccinera Scarlet Oak Chamaecyparis thyoides Atlantic White Cedar Quercus falcata Southern Red Oak Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar Quercus lyrata Overcup Oak Magnolia grandiflora Southern Magnolia Quercus marlandica Blackjack Oak Picea glauca White Spruce Quercus michauxii Swamp Chestnut Oak Pinus rigida Pitch Pine Quercus nigra Water Oak Picea pungens Blue Spruce Quercus palustris Pin Oak Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas Fir Quercus phellos Willow Oak Quercus prinus Chestnut Oak Quercus rubra Northern Pin/Red Oak Quercus stellata Post Oak Quercus velutina Black Oak Sambucus canadensis Elderberry Symphoricarpus albus Snowberry

Try these plants but know that deer treat your yard like a buffet line, so keep in mind that deer in your neighborhood may have already developed a taste for some of these plants. Unfortunately, deer do not read lists.

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EDIBLE FRUITING TREES AND NATIVE PLANTS THAT SHRUBS ATTRACT BIRDS

SHRUBS Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry* Alnus species Alder Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry* Amelachier species Serviceberry Crataegus crusgalli var. inermis Hawthorne ** Aronia species Chokeberry Malus 'Cortland' Cortland Apple Callicarpa americana American Beautyberry Malus 'Honey Crisp' Honey Crisp Apple Chionanthus virginicus Fringetree Malus 'McIntosh' McIntosh Apple Cornus species Dogwood Malus 'Red Delicious' Red Delicious Apple Corylus species Hazelnut Prunus maritima Beach Plum Galyussacia species Huckleberry Prunus 'Mount Royal' Mount Royal Plum Ilex species Holly Prunus serotina Black Cherry Juniperus species Juniper Prunus virginiana Chokeberry Lindera benzoin Spicebush Prunus x 'Mericrest' Mericrest Nectarine Myrica pensylvanica Northern Bayberry Prunus x 'Reliance' Reliance Peach Nemopnathus mucronatus Mountain Holly Pyrus x 'Bartlett' Bartlett Pear Prunus species Cherry, Plum Pyrus x 'Moonglow' Moonglow Pear Rhus species Sumac Sambucus canadensis Elderberry *** Ribes species Gooseberry, Currant Vaccinium angustifolium Low bush blueberry-small Rosa species Rose berry Rubus species Raspberry, Blackberry Vaccinium 'Brunswick' Brunswick Blueberry Sambucus canadensis Elderberry Vaccinium 'Burgundy' Burgundy Blueberry Symphoriocarpus Snowberry, Coralberry Vaccinium corymbosum Northern Highbush Taxus canadensis Canada Yew Blueberry 'Eliot' Vaccinium species Blueberry, Cranberry Vaccinium corymbosum Northern Highbush Northland 'Northland' TREES Blueberry 'Northland' Abies species Fir Vaccinium corymbosum Northern Highbush Amelanchier arborea Serviceberry Rubel Blueberry 'Rubel' Aralia spinosa Devil's Walking Stick Vitus 'Concord' Seedless Concord Grape Betula species Birch Vitus 'Niagara' Niagara Grape (Green) Carpinus caroliniana American Hophornbeam Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Chamaecyparis thyoides Atlantic White Cedar * Red and Black Chokeberries great for jams and jellies Cornus species Dogwood * * Hawthorn Berries are good for your heart Crataegus species Hawthorn ***Elderberries are an immunity booster, Elderberry syrup Fagus grandifolia American Beech is made from this plant Ilex species Holly Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar Picea species Spruce Pinus species Pine Prunus pensylvanica Pin Cherry Sassafras albidum Sassafras Sorbus americana American Mountain Ash Thuja occidentalis Northern White Cedar Tsuga canadensis Eastern Hemlock Viburnum species Nannyberry, Blackhaw, Rusty Blackhaw

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NATIVE PLANTS THAT ATTRACT BUTTERFLIES & HUMMINGBIRDS SUNNY RAIN GARDENS

GRASSES WILDFLOWERS Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem Actea racemosa Black Cohosh Carex Pendula Drooping Sedge Amsonia tabernaemontana Bluestar Carex stricta Tussock Sedge Aqueligia canadensi Wild Columbine Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush Grass Aruncus dioicus Goats Beard Elymus virginicus Wild Rye Asclepias species Butterflyweed Aster species Aster WET MEADOW HERBACEOUS Chelone glabra Turtlehead Asclepias incarnata Pink or Swamp Milkweed Coreopsis species Tickseed Aster novae-angliae New England Aster Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower Aster puniceus Purple-stemmed Aster Eupatorium species Joe Pye Weed, Boneset Aster shortii Short's Aster Helenium autumnale Sneezeweed Aster umbellatus Flat-topped Aster Helianthus species Sunflower Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold Heliopsis helianthoides Oxeye Coreopsis tripteris Tall Tickseed Liatris species Blazing Star Eupatorium coelestinum Blue Mist Flower Lilium species Lily Eupatorium fistulosum Joe Pye Weed Lobelia cardinalis Red Cardinal Flower Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia Gentiana clausa Bottle Gentian Lupinus perennis Blue Lupine Helenium autumnale Common Sneezeweed Monarda didyma Oswego Tea Helianthus giganteus Tall Sunflower Monarda fistulosa Bergamot Heliopsis helianthoides Oxeye Phlox species Phlox Heuchera american Coral Bells Physotegia virginiana Obedient Plant Hibiscus moscheutos Swamp Rose Mallow Rudbeckia species Black Eyed Susan Liatris spicata Blazing Star Solidago species Goldenrod Lilium superbum Turk's Cap Lily Spigelia marlandica Indian Pink Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower Lobelia syphilitica Great Blue Lobelia VINES Monarda didyma Bee-balm Campsis radicans Trumpetcreeper Monarda media Purple Bergamot Lonicera species Honeysuckle Penstemon digitalis White Beardtongue SHRUBS Physostegia virginiana Obedient Plant Callicarpa americana American Beautyberry Rudbeckia laciniata Green-headed Coneflower Ceanothus americanus New Jersey Tea Rudbeckia fulgida Black-Eyed-Susan Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush Rudbeckia maxima Elephant Ears Coneflower Chamaedaphne calyculata Leatherleaf Rudbeckia triloba Three-lobed Coneflower Clethra species Summersweet Solidago rugosa Rough-stemmed Goldenrod Diervilla lonicera Bush Honeysuckle Verbena hastata Blue Vervain Fothergilla species Fothergilla Vernonia noveboracensis New York Ironweed Itea virginica Virginia Sweetspire Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's Root

Lindera benzoin Spicebush Physocarpus opulifolius Eastern Ninebark Rhododendron species Rhododendron

Spiraea alba Meadowsweet Symphoriocarpus orbiculatus Coralberry Vaccinium species Blueberry/Cranberry

TREES Aesculus species Buckeye

Amelanchier canadensis Serviceberry Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Illex verticillata Winterberry

Prunus pensylvanica Pin Cherry Salix species Willow 7

SHADY RAIN GARDENS

Aquilegia canadensis Canada Columbine SHRUBS & TREES Andromeda polifolia Bog Rosemary Acer rubrum Red Maple Aruncus dioicus Goats Beard Acer saccharinum Silver Maple Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold Alnus serrulata Speckled Alder Chelone glabra White Turtlehead Amelanchier canadensis Shad Tree Chelone lyonii Turtlehead Amelanchier laevis Shadbush Geranium maculatum Wild Geranium Aronia arbutifolia* Red Chokeberry Helianthus decapetalus Thin-leaved Sunflower Aronia melanocarpa* Black Chokeberry Helianthus divaricatus Woodland Sunflower Asimina triloba Pawpaw Hydrophyllum canadense Maple- leaved Waterleaf Betula nigra River birch Iris cristata Crested Iris Calycanthus floridus Sweetshrub Iris versicolor Northern Blue Flag Carpinus caroliniana American Hornbeam Luzula acuminata Hairy Woodrush Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebells Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush Mimulus ringens Monkey Flower Chamadaphne calyculata Leatherleaf Monarda clinopodia Basil Balm Chamaecyparis thyoides Atlantic White Cedar Phlox divaricata Woodland Phlox Chionanthus virginicus Fringetree Phlox maculata Meadow Phlox Clethra alnifolia Sweet Pepperbush Phlox paniculata Summer Phlox Cornus amomum Silky Dogwood Polemonium reptans Spreading Jacob's Ladder Cornus serieca* Red Twig Dogwood Senecio aureus Golden Ragwort Diervilla lonicara Dwarf Bush Honeysuckle Sisyrinchium angustifolium Blue-eyed Grass Fothergilla gardenii Dwarf Fothergilla Spiraea alba Meadowsweet Fothergilla major Large Fothergilla Stylophorum diphyllum Celandine Poppy Hamamelis vernalis* Vernal Witchhazel Thalictrum pubescens Tall Meadow Rue Hydrangea arborescens Wild Hydrangea Tradescantia ohiensis Spiderwort Illex verticillata Winterberry Tradescantia virginiana Spiderwort Itea virginica Virginia Sweetspire Viola striata Creamy Violet Lindera benzoin Spicebush Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum FERNS Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip Tree Athyrium felix - femina Lady Fern Magnolia virginiana Sweetbay Magnolia Dryopteris marginalis Marginal Wood Fern Nyssa sylvatica Tupelo/Black Gum Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern Physocarpus opulifolius Ninebark Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive Fern Plantanus occidentalis* American Sycamore Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak Osmunda regalis Royal Fern Quercus palustris Pin Oak Rhododendron maximum Rosebay WETLANDS & STANDING WATER Rhododendron viscosum Swamp Azalea Nuphar lutea Yellow Pond Lily Rhus aromatica Fragrant Sumac Pontederia cordata Pickerel Weed Rosa palustris Swamp Rose Saururus cernuus Lizard's Tail Sambucus canadensis American Elderberry Sagittaria latifolia Duck Potato Spiraea alba Meadowsweet Taxodium distichum Bald Cypress Viburnum dentatum Arrowwood Viburnum lentago Nannyberry Viburnum nudum Smooth Witherod Viburnum trilobum American Cranberry

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NATIVE TREES FOR SALT TOLERANCE (Cont'd)

NATIVE PLANTS FOR EVERGREEN TREES Abies balsems Balsam Fir Low EROSION CONTROL Phanerolepis

Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar High Acorus americanus Sweetflag Picea glauca White Spruce Medium Agastache foeniculum Hyssop Pimus rigida Pitch Pine Low Andropogon species Beard Grass, Bluestem Pinus strobus White Pine Low Asteraceae species Asters Pinus virginiana Virginia (Scrub) Pine Low Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold, Kingcup Thuja occidentalis Eastern Arborvitae Medium Carex species Grasses & sedges Chasmanthium latifolium Northern Sea Oats FLOWERING Dennstaedtia punctilobula Hay-scented Fern DECIDUOUS Eupatorium species Joe Pye Weed Amelanchier canadensis Shadblow Serviceberry High Iris versicolor Northern Blueflag Iris Cercis canadensis Eastern Redbud Low Iris virginica Southern Blueflag Iris Crataegus crusgalli var. Cockspur Hawthorn High Juncus effusus Soft/Common Rush inermis Juncus tenuis Path Rush Crataegus punctata var. Ohio Pioneer Dotted Medium Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern inermis 'Ohio Pioneer' Hawthorn Monarda didyma Scarlet Bee Balm Malus sp. and cvs. Crabapple Medium Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot Prunus americana American Plum Low Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive Fern Panicum virgatum Blue Switch Grass DECIDUOUS SHRUB Pycnanthemum muticum Mountainmint Chionanthus virginicus White Fringe Tree Low Pycnanthemum flexuosum Slender Mountainmint Hamamelis vernalis Vernal Witchazel High Schizachyrium scoparium Bluestem Myrica Pensylvanica Northern Bayberry Medium Scirpus cyperinus Wool Grass Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac High Senecio aureus Golden Ragwort Rosa wichuriana Memorial Rose Low Solidago graminifolia Grass-leaved Goldenrod Salix alba White Willow Low Solidago rigida Stiff Goldenrod Salix purpurea Purpleosier Willow High Solidago rugosa 'Fireworks' Goldenrod Viburnum lantana Wayfaringtree High Sorghastrum nutans Yellow Indiangrass Viburnum Typha angustifolium Narrow-leaved Cattail Typha latifolia Broad-leaf Cattail DECIDUOUS TREE Acer saccharum Sugar Maple Medium Gleditsia triacanthosvar. Thornless Honey High inermis Locust

Gymnocladus dioica Kentucky Coffeetree High Liquidambar styraciflua American Sweetgum High Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip Poplar Low NATIVE TREES FOR SALT TOLERANCE Populus deltoides Eastern Cottonwood Medium Populus tremuloides Quaking Aspen Medium

Quercus alba White Oak High NATIVE STREET TREES Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak High Acer pensylvanicum Striped Maple Quercus coccinea Scarlet Oak Medium Carya ovata Shagbark Hickory Quercus imbricaria Shingle Oak Medium Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Quercus macrocarpa Burr Oak Medium Cercis canadensis Red Bud Quercus palustris Pin Oak Low Crateagus mollis Hawthorn Quercus rubra Red Oak High Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash Quercus velutina Black Oak High Gleditsia triacanthos Honey Locust Taxodium distichum Common BaldcypressHigh Gymnocladus diocia Kentucky Coffeetree Tilia americana American Linden Medium Liquidambar styraciflua American Sweetgum 'Redmond' Ostrya virginiana American Hophornbeam Ginko Male trees only Medium Platanus occidentalis Sycamore Acer x Freemani Freeman Maple Medium

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NATIVE PLANTS FOR BIORETENSION AND VEGETATIVE SWALES

GRASSES Phlox divaricata Woodland Phlox Phlox Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem stolo nifera Creeping Phlox Andropogon virginicus Broomsedge bluestem Physostegia virginiana Obedient Plant Carex crinita Fringed Sedge Rudbeckia fulgida Early Cone Flower Carex lutirida Shallow Sedge Rudbeckia hirta Black Eyed Susan Carex stricta Tussock Sedge Rudbeckia laciniata Cutleaf Coneflower Chasmanthium latifolium River Oats Sedum ternatum Woodland Stonecrop Dichanthelium clandestinium Deer Tongue Senecio aureus Golden Ragwort Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush Grass Solidago rugosa Wrinkleleaf Goldenrod Elymus riparius Riverbank Wild Rye Tiarella cordifolia Heartleaf Foamflower Elymus virginicus Virginia Wild Rye Tradescantia virginiana Virginia Spiderwort Eragrostis spectabilis Purple Lovegrass Verbena hastata var. hastata Swamp Verbena Festuca rubra Red Fescue Vernonia noveboracensis New York Iron Weed Juncus tenuis Slender Rush Juncus effusus Soft Rush SMALL TREES AND SHRUBS Leersia oryzoides Rice Cutgrass Alnus serrulata Smooth Alder Panicum virgatum Switch Grass Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokecherry Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokecherry Sorghastrum nutans Indian Grass Aronia prunifolia Purple Chokecherry Tridens flavus Purpletop Tridens Callicarpa americana American Beautyberry Ceanothus americanus New Jersey Tea PERENNIALS Cephalanthus occidentalis Common Buttonbush Aquilegia canadensis Red Columbine Clethra alnifolia Coastal Sw Pepperbush Aruncus dioicus Goats Beard Cornus amomum Silky Dogwood Asarum canadense Canadian Wild Ginger Cornus sericea Redosier Dogwood Asclepias incarnata Swamp Milkweed Gaylussacia baccata Black Huckleberry Asclepias tuberosa Butterflyweed Hydrangea arborescens Wild Hydrangea Aster divaricatus White Wood Aster Hypericum densiflorum Bushy St. Johns Wort Aster laevis Smooth or blue bird Aster Illex glabra Inkberry Holly Aster lateriflorus Calico Aster Illex verticillata Winterberry Holly Aster novae - angliae New England Aster Itea virginica Virginia Sweetspire Aster novi-belgii New York Aster Kalmia latifolia Mountain Laurel Aster umbellatus Parasol Whitetop Aster Leucothoe racemosa Fetterbush Bidens cernua Nodding Beggarticks Lindera benzoin Northern Spicebush Chelone glabra White Turtlehead Lyonia ligustrina Maleberry Chrysogonum virginianum Green and Gold Myrica cerifera S mall Wax Myrtle Actaea racemosa Black Snakeroot Physocarpus opulifolius Common E. Ninebark Coreopsis verticillata Threadleaf Coreopsis Rhododendron periclymenoides Pinxterbloom Azalea Eupatorium coelestinum Blue Mist Flower Rhododendron viscosum Swamp Azalea Eupatorium fistulosum Joe Pye Weed Rhus aromatica Fragrant Sumac Eupatorium perfoliatium Common Boneset Rhus copallina Shining or Winged Sumac Eupatorium rugosum White Snakeroot Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac Geranium maculatum Wild Geranium Rosa carolina Pasture Rose Helenium autmnale Common Sneezeweed Rosa palustris Swamp Rose Helianthus decapetalus Thin Leaved Sunflower Salix sericea Silky Willow Heuchera americana American Alumroot Sambucus canadensis Common Elderberry Hibiscus laevis Halberd - Leaf Rose Mallow Spirea alba Narrow -leaf Hibiscus moscheutos Crimson - Eyed Rose Meadowsweet Iris versicolor Blue Flag Iris Spirea latifolia Broad - Leaf Liatris squarrosa Grass-leaf Blazing Star Meadowsweet Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush Blueberry Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush Blueberry Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebells Vaccinium stamineum Deerberry Monarda didyma Scarlet Bee Balm Viburnum acerifolium Mapleleaf Viburnum Oenothera fruticosa Narrow Leaved Sundrops Viburnum dentantum Southern Arrowood Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive Fern Viburnum nudum Smooth Withered Vib. Penstemon digitalis Talus Slope Penstemon 10 Viburnum prunifolium Blackhaw Viburnum

NATIVE PLANTS FOR DRY SOIL

PLANTS FOR FULL SUN PLANTS FOR FULL SUN (CONT'D) FERNS SHRUBS Cheilanthes lanosa Hairy Lip Fern Aronia arbutitifolia Red Chokeberry Cheilanthes tomentosa Woolly Lip Fern Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry Dennstaedtia punctilobula Hay-scented Fern Ceanothus americanus New Jersey Tea GRASSES Celtis tenulifolia Dwarf Hackberry Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem Chionanthus virginicus Fringetree Panicum virgatum Switch Grass Comptonia peregrina SweePern Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem Cornus racemosa Grey Dogwood Sorghstrum nutans Indian Grass Hypericum frondosum Golden St. Johns Wort WILDFLOWERS Hypericum kalmianum Kalms St. Johns Wort Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Weed Ilex glabra Inkberry Aster ericoides Heath Aster Juniperus species Juniper Aster laevis Smooth Aster Kalmia latifolia Mountain Laurel Babtisia australis Blue False Indigo Myrica pensylvanica Northern Bayberry Campanula rotundifolia Harebell Paxistima canbyi Mountain Lover Coreopsis lanceolata Tickseed Physocarpus opulifolius Eastern Ninebark Heliopsis helianthoides Oxeye Potentilla fruticosa Shrubby cinquefoil Lupinus perennis Lupine Prunus maritima Beach Plum Monarda fistulosa Bergamot Rhus aromatica Fragrant Sumac Oenothera fruticosa Sundrops Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac Opuntia humifusa Eastern Prickly Pear Ribes odoratum Clove Currant Phlox pilosa Prairie Phlox Spiraea alba Meadowsweet Phlox subulata Moss-Pink Symphiocarpus albus Snowberry Potentilla tridentata Three Toothed-Cinquefoil Symphiocarpus orbiculatus Coralberry Ratibida pinnata Prairie Coneflower Vaccinium angustifolium Low Sweet Blueberry Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed Susan Yucca filamentosa Adams Needle

Silene virginica Fire Pink Solidago rugosa Rough Stm. Goldenrod Solidago speciosa Showy Goldenrod Tradescantia ohiensis Smooth Spiderwort PLANTS FOR PARTIAL TO FULL SHADE Viola species Violet FERNS VINES Dryopeteris marginalis Marginal Shield Fern Campsis radicans Trumpetcreeper Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas Fern Parthenocissud quinquefolia Virginia Creeper GRASSES GROUNDCOVERS Carex pensylvanica Sedge Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry WILDFLOWERS Waldsteinia fragarioides Barren Strawberry Anenome canadensis Canada Anemone TREES Aquilegia canadensis Wild Columbine Betula populifolia Gray Birch Aster divaricatus White Wood Aster Carya ovata Shagbark Hickory Eupatorium rugosum White Snakeroot Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Geranium maculataum Wild Geranium Cotinus obovatus American Smoketree Heuchera americana Alumroot Crataegus spp. Hawthorn Podophyllum peltatum Mayapple Gleditsia triacanthos Honeylocust Potentilla tridentata Three Toothed Cinquefoil Gymnocladus dioicus Kentucky Coffeetree Rudbeckia hirta Black-Eyed Susan Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar SHRUBS Liquidamber styraciflua Sweetgum Chionanthus virginicus Fringetree Nyssa sylvatica Blackgum Diervilla lonicera Bush-honeysuckle Ostrya virginiana Eastern Hophornbeam Kalmia latifolia Mountain Laurel Pinus rigida Pitch Pine TREES Platanus occidentalis American Sycamore Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Populus deltoides Eastern Cottonwood Ilex opaca American Holly Populus tremuloides Quaking Aspen Ostrya virginiana Eastern Hophornbeam Quercus spp. Oaks Oxydendrum arboreum Sourwood Thuja occidentalis Northern White Cedar Picea glauca White Spruce 11

NATIVE PLANTS FOR LIMESTONE SOILS

TREES & SHRUBS Rubus species Blackberry/Raspberry Aesculus parviflora Bottebrush Buckeye Ribes americanum American Black Currant Acer species Maple Robinia pseudoacacia Black Locust Amelanchier canadensis Shad Tree Rosa virginiana Virginia Rose Amelanchier laevis Paw Paw Salix nigra Black Willow Betula lutea Yellow Birch Sambucus canadensis American Elderberry Betula papyrifera Paper Birch Symphoricarpos albus Common Wh. Snowberry Betula populifolia Gray Birch Thuja occidentalis Northern White Cedar Betula pumila Low Birch Tilia americana American Linden Carpinus caroliniana American Hornbeam Ulmus americana American Elm Carya cordiformis Bitternut Hickory Viburnum lentago Nannyberry Catalpa speciosa Northern Catalpa Viburnum prunifolium Blackhaw Cephalanthus occidentalis Common Hackberry Viburnum trilobum American Cranberry Bush Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Cercis canadensis Eastern Redbud HERBACEOUS PLANTS Cladastris lutea American Yellowwood Aquilegia canadensis Canada Columbine Cornus amomum Silky Dogwood Asclepias incarnata Swamp Milkweed Cornus racemosa Grey Dogwood Cornus Asclepias syriaca Common Milkweed stolonifera Redosier Dogwood Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Weed Cotinus americanus American Smoketree Aster species Aster Corylus americana American Filbert Babtisia australis Blue Indigo Crataegus crusgalli Cockspur Hawthorn Boltonia asteroides False Aster Crataegus mollis Downy Hawthorn Chelone glabra White Turtlehead Crataegus nitida Glossy Hawthorn Coreopsis verticillata Tickseed Crataegus phaenopyrum Washington Hawthorn Echinecea purpurea Purple Coneflower Crataegus pruinosa Frosted Hawthorn Eupatorium dubium Lil Joe' Dwarf Joe Pye Weed Crataegus punctata Dotted Hawthorn Eupatorium maculatum Gateway' Joe Pye Weed Diervilla lonicera Dwarf Honeysuckle Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset Dirca palustris Atlantic Leatherwood Geranium maculatum Wild Geranium Fraxinus quadrangulata White Ash Iris virginica Iris Gleditsia triacanthos Honey Locust Liatris spicata Gayfeather Hypericum frondosum Golden St. Johns Wort Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. Johns Wort Lupinus perennis Blue Lupine Juglans cinera Butternut Monarda species Bee Balm Juglans nigra Eastern Black Walnut Rudbekia species Black-Eyed Susan Juniperus communis Common Juniper Solidago juncea Early Goldenrod Juniperus horizontalis Youngstown' Horiz.Juniper Solidago rugosa Goldenrod Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar Tradescantia ohioensis Spiderwort Juniperus virginiana Grey Owl' Juniper Veronia noveboracensis New York Ironweed Morus rubra Red Mulberry Yucca filimentosa Adam's Needle Myrica pensylvanica Northern Bayberry Zizia aurea Golden Alexander Ostrya virginiana American Hophornbeam Picea glauca White Spruce FERNS Pinus rigida Pitch Pine Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern Physocarpus opulifolius Eastern Ninebark Onoclea sibilis Sensitive Fern Plantanus occidententalis American Sycamore Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas Fern Populus deltoides Eastern Cottonwood Potentilla fruticosa Yellow Abbotswood GRASSES Quercus macrocarpa Bur Oak Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem Quercus muhlenbergi Chinkapin Oak Carex stricta Tussoc Sedge Quercus alba White Oak Panicum virgatum Switch Grass Quercus palustris Pin Oak Schizachyrium nutans Indian Grass Quercus rubra Northern Red Oak Rhus aromatica Fragrant Sumac VINES Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac Aristolochia durior Dutchman's Pipe Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac Clematis virginiana Devils Darning Needles Lonicera dioica Limber Honeysuckle 12

NATIVE PLANTS FOR WETLANDS-RIPARIAN AREAS

TREES & SHRUBS HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS Acer rubrum Red Maple Acorus americanus Sweet Flag Alnus regosa Speckled Alder Amsonia tabernaemontana Blue Star Alnus serrulata Hazel Alder Andromeda polifolia Bog Rosemary Amelanchier canadensis Canada Serviceberry Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-Pulpit Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry Asarum canadense Wild Ginger Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry Asclepias incarnata Swamp Milkweed Betula lenta Sweet Birch Aster novae - angliae New England Aster Betula nigra River Birch Aster umbellatus Flat-top White Aster Callicarpa americana American Beautyberry Bidens cernua Nodding beggar-tcks Cephalanthus occidentalis Common Buttonbush Boltonia asteroides Aster - like boltonia Clethra alnifolia Sweet Pepper Bush Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold Cornus alternifolia Alternate Leaf Dogwood Chamaedaphne calyculata Leatherleaf Cornus amomum Silky Dogwood Chelone glabra White Turtlehead Cornus sericea Red Osier Dogwood Chrysogonum virginianum Green and Gold Fraxinus pensylvanica Green Ash Eupatorium coelestinum Mistflower Hydrangea arborescens Wild Hydrangea Eupatorium fistulosum Joe Pye Weed Illex verticillata Winterberry Eupatorium perfoliatum Common Boneset Itea virginica Virginia Willow Helenium autumnale Sneezeweed Juglans nigra Black Walnut Heliopsis helianthoides Oxeye Sunflower Lindera benzoin Northern Spicebush Hibiscus moscheutos Eastern Rosemallow Liquidamber styraciflua Sweet Gum Iris versicolor Blue Flag Iris Myrica cerifera Southern Wax Myrtle Lilium superbum Turks Cap Lily Nyssa sylvatica Black Gum Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower Oxydendrum arboreum Sourwood Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia Pinus strobus White Pine Maianthemum racemosa False Solomon's Seal Physocarpus opulifolius Common Ninebark Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebells Platanus occidentalis Sycamore Mimulus ringens Monkey Flower Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak Monarda didyma Bee Balm Quercus palustris Pin Oak Nymphaea odorata American Water Lily Rhododendron viscosum Swamp Azalea Oenothera fruticosa Sundrops Rosa palustris Swamp Rose Peltandra virginica Arrow Arum Salix nigra Black Willow Phlox divaricata Woodland Phlox Salix sericea Silky Willow Phlox paniculata Summer Phlox Sambucus canadensis Elderberry Polemonium reptans Jacob's Ladder Spiraea alba Narrowleaved Meadowsweet Pontedaria cordata Pickerel Weed Spiraea latifolia Broadleaved Meadowsweet Rudbeckia laciniata Cut-Leaved Coneflower Taxodium distichum Bald Cypress SagiParia latifolia Broadleaf Arrowhead Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush Blueberry Saururus cernuus Lizards Tail Viburnum dentatum Arrowwood viburnum Senecio aureus Golden Ragwort Viburnum prunifolium Black-Haw Viburnum Solidago rugosa Rough-Stemmed Goldenrod Veronia noveborancensis New York Ironweed GRASSES & SEDGES Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem FERNS Carex stricta Tussock Sedge Adiantum pedatum Northern Maidenhair Fern Chasmanthium latifoliumRiver Oats, Spanglegrass Dryopteris marginalis Marginal Shield Fern Juncus canadensis Canada Rush Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern Juncus effusus Soft Rush Osmunda regalis Royal Fern Panicum virgatum Switch Grass Polystichium acrostichoides Christmas Fern Scirpus cyperinus Woolgrass Bulrush

Sparganium americanum American Bur Reed Typha latifolia Broad Leaved Cattail

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