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List of New Hampshire Native Trees

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List of New Hampshire Native Trees List of New Hampshire Native Trees By Karen P. Bennett, Extension Forestry Professor and Specialist with the assistance of William F. Nichols, N.H. Natural Heritage Bureau, Division of Forests and Lands, Department of Resources and Economic Development (NHNHB). This list was originally compiled by Karen Bennett with assistance from Lionel Chute, NHNHB and JB Cullen Division of Forests and Lands. Our latest count shows 86 native tree species in New Hampshire. The exact number is hard to state because some species are more commonly found in a shrub form, about a dozen are rare, and others can be distinguished by only the most determined dendrologist. The following criteria were used to determine inclusion on this list: • Native to, at least part of, New Hampshire. • Capable of growing to at least 20 feet tall. • At least on occasion, must grow as single-stem specimens—some are more commonly found in the shrub form. Species are split into softwood and hardwood groupings. Within those broad groups, species are broken into genus. The genus are listed in alphabetical order by the generic common name (i.e. pine, maple, ash, etc.). The species appear within the generic grouping by the common name(s) most often used by this particular author—many other common names exist. Scientific (Latin) names are also given. Family names appear by the generic scientific name. Numbers by the name indicate the following: 1Rare plant in New Hampshire (N.H. Natural Heritage Bureau, 2014) 2Rarity status indeterminate (N.H. Natural Heritage Bureau, 2014) 3Exists in tree or shrub form _________________________________Softwoods_________________________________ Arborvitae Thuja (Cupressaceae) northern white-cedar, arborvitae Thuja ocidentalis Fir Abies (Pinaceae) balsam fir Abies balsamea Hemlock Tsuga (Pinaceae) eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis Juniper Juniperis (Cupressaceae) eastern redcedar Juniperus virginiana Larch Larix (Pinaceae) tamarack, eastern larch, American larch Larix laricina Pine Pinus (Pinaceae) eastern white pine Pinus strobus red pine Pinus resinosa pitch pine Pinus rigida Jack pine1 Pinus banksiana1 Spruce Picea (Pinaceae) black spruce Picea mariana red spruce Picea rubens white spruce Picea glauca White Cedar Chamaecyparis (Cupressaceae) Atlantic white-cedar Chamaecyparis thyoides List of New Hampshire Native Trees, revised 2014 Page 1 of 4 ________________________________Hardwoods_________________________________ Ash Fraxinus (Oleaceae) white ash Fraxinus americana black ash Fraxinus nigra green ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica Basswood Tilia (Tiliaceae) American basswood Tilia americana Beech Fagus (Fagaceae) American beech Fagus grandifolia Birch Betula (Betulaceae) yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis sweet birch, black birch Betula lenta river birch1 Betula nigra1 paper birch, white birch Betula papyrifera heart-leaved paper birch Betula cordifolia gray birch Betula populifolia Cherry Prunus (Rosaceae) American plum2,3 Prunus americana2,3 black cherry Prunus serotina pin cherry, fire cherry Prunus pensylvanica choke cherry3 Prunus virginiana3 Chestnut Castanea (Fagaceae) American chestnut Castanea dentata Dogwood Benthamidia (Cornaceae) flowering dogwood3 Benthamidia florida, syn. Cornus florida Elm Ulmus (Ulmaceae) American elm Ulmus americana slippery elm Ulmus rubra Gum Nyssa (Cornaceae) black gum, black tupelo Nyssa sylvatica Hackberry Celtis (Ulmaceae) hackberry3 Celtis occidentalis3 Hawthorn Craetagus (Rosaceae) dotted hawthorn Crataegus punctata fireberry hawthorn3 Crataegus chrysocarpa3 frosted hawthorn2,3 Crataegus pruinosa2,3 Biltmore hawthorn3 Crataegus biltmoreana3 northern hawthorn3 Crataegus dissona3 Gray’s hawthorn2, 3 Crataegus flabellata var. grayana2, 3 Gray’s hawthorn3 Crataegus flabellata var. flabellata3 yellow hawthorn2, 3 Crataegus flavida2, 3 Holmes’ hawthorn3 Crataegus holmesiana3 List of New Hampshire Native Trees, revised 2014 Page 2 of 4 entangled hawthorn2, 3 Crataegus intricata2, 3 long-thorned hawthorn3 Crataegus macracantha3 large-seeded hawthorn3 Crataegus macrosperma3 poplar hawthorn1, 3 Crataegus populnea1, 3 Pringle’s hawthorn Crataegus pringlei scabrous hawthorn2, 3 Crataegus scabrida2, 3 royal hawthorn2, 3 Crataegus schuettei var. basilica2, 3 Quebec hawthorn3 Crataegus submollis3 Hickory Carya (Juglandaceae) bitternut hickory Carya cordiformis shagbark hickory Carya ovata pignut hickory Carya glabra Hophornbeam Ostrya (Betulaceae) hophornbeam, ironwood Ostrya virginiana Hornbeam Carpinus (Betulaceae) blue-beech, musclewood, American hornbeam, ironwood Carpinus caroliniana Maple Acer (Aceraceae) boxelder, ash-leaved maple Acer negundo black maple1 Acer nigrum1 striped maple, moosewood maple3 Acer pensylvanicum3 red maple, white maple, swamp maple, soft maple Acer rubrum silver maple Acer saccharinum sugar maple, rock maple, hard maple Acer saccharum mountain maple3 Acer spicatum3 Mountain Ash Sorbus (Rosaceae) American mountain-ash Sorbus americana showy mountain-ash Sorbus decora Oak Quercus (Fagaceae) northern red oak Quercus rubra scarlet oak Quercus coccinea black oak Quercus velutina white oak Quercus alba swamp white oak Quercus bicolor chestnut oak1 Quercus montana syn. Quercus prinus1 bur oak, mossy-cup oak1 Quercus macrocarpa1 Poplar Populus (Salicaceae) eastern cottonwood Populus deltoides balsam poplar Populus balsamifera bigtooth aspen Populus grandidentata quaking aspen, trembling aspen, popple Populus tremuloides Sassafras Sassafras (Lauraceae) sassafras Sassafras albidum List of New Hampshire Native Trees, revised 2014 Page 3 of 4 Serviceberry or Shadbush Amelanchier (Rosaceae) downy serviceberry, downy shadbush3 Amelanchier arborea3 mountain serviceberry, mountain shadbush3 Amelanchier bartramiana3 eastern serviceberry, eastern shadbush3 Amelanchier canadensis3 intermediate serviceberry, intermediate shadbush3 Amelanchier intermedia3 smooth serviceberry, smooth shadbush3 Amelanchier laevis3 Sumac Rhus (Anacardiaceae) staghorn sumac3 Rhus hirta syn. Rhus typhina3 Sycamore Platanus (Platanaceae) American sycamore, planetree, buttonwood Platanus occidentalis Walnut Juglans (Juglandaceae) butternut, white walnut Juglans cinerea Willow Salix (Salicaceae) black willow Salix nigra _________________________________References________________________________ Arthur Haines. 2011. New England Wild Flower Society’s Florae Novae Angliae: A Manual for the Identification of Native and Naturalized Higher Vascular Plants of New England. Yale University Press. New Haven, Ct. Albion R. Hodgdon and Frederic L. Steele, 1958. The Woody Plants of New Hampshire, UNH Ag. Exp. Station Bulletin #447. Willian Harlow, Ellwood Harrar, and Fred White. 1979. Textbook of Dendrology, McGraw-Hill Series in Forest Resources. Henry A. Gleason and Arthur Cronquist, 1993, Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada, The New York Botanical Garden. Kartecz, J.T., 1999. A Synonymized Checklist and Atlas with Biological Attributes for the Vascular Flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First Edition. In: Kartecz, J.T., and C.A. Meachum. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill. NC. ______________Use your favorite search-engine for these helpful websites____________ N.H. Natural Heritage Bureau—for lists of plants found in New Hampshire Go Botany—the New England Wild Flower Society’s plant identification site Silvics of North America—online version of the classic USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook 654 UNH Cooperative Extension programs and policies are consistent with pertinent Federal and State laws and regulations on nondiscrimination regarding race, color, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, age, disability or veteran’s status. College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, County Governments, NH Dept. of Resources and Economic Development, Division of Forests and Lands, NH Fish and Game, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service cooperating. List of New Hampshire Native Trees, revised 2014 Page 4 of 4 .
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