Ivar Aasen Using Expertise from All Over the World
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Språknytt 4/2017
TEMA: 1917-rettskrivingen 100 år 45. ÅRGANG 4 I 2017 18 Språknytt Kari bisp side 6 Leder Innhold 4 I 2017 3 Nye navn i nye kommuner Språkprosjektet 5 Språkbrukeren som sette spor 6 Intervjuet I år er det 100 år sidan tilnærminga mellom dei to nor ske målformene for alvor starta, med rettskrivings reforma av 1917. I den nasjonale bølgja som prega landet den gongen, låg mykje til rette for at Noreg skulle få eit fellesnorsk skriftspråk. Både i riksmålsrørsla og blant målfolk var det mange som var positivt innstilte til å møtast «på midten». Men slik kom det ikkje til å gå. 10 Ord i grenseland 1917reforma la opp til ei forsiktig og gradvis til nærming mellom målformene. Som de kan lesa om i 12 Ordbøkene rett i lomma dette bladet, står ho i ettertida fram som ei på mange 13 Revisjon av ordbøkene måtar svært vellukka reform. Folket tok imot mange av 14 En verden av klarspråk til Norge dei lite radikale endringane med opne armar. Når det 15 Djuptloddande prisvinnar gjeld dei meir radikale forandringane, var saka ei anna. 16 Løype! Då desse vart obligatoriske med 1938reforma, vart 17 Med andre ord motstanden større enn ein trudde. Det er fleire grunnar til at samnorskprosjektet kol 18 Reformen som satte spor lapsa enn 1938reforma i seg sjølv. Likevel kan me læra 22 Intervjuer med Torp, for ettertida at grunnleggande og småe rettskrivings Guttu, Hoel og Munkvold endringar blir tekne betre imot enn store og radikale. I så måte er 1917reforma eit godt føredøme. -
Safety and Reliability Improvements of Valves and Actuators for the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Through Optimized Design
Safety and reliability improvements of valves and actuators for the offshore oil and gas industry through optimized design by Karan Sotoodeh Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR PHILOSOPHIAE (Dr. Philos.) Faculty of Science and Technology 2021 UniversityofStavanger NO-4036Stavanger NORWAY www.uis.no ©2021 Karan Sotoodeh ISBN:877 ISSN: PhD:ThesisUiSNo.7 Abstract Valves are essential components of piping systems in the oil and gas industry, especially offshore, where they are used for stopping or starting the fluid, flow regulation, and back flow prevention, as well as safety reasons. The efficiency, safety and reliability of an oil and gas plant is largely dependent on the handling and transportation of fluid through the piping system, including industrial valves. In the offshore sector of the oil and gas industry, valve failure for different reasons, such as corrosion and material failure, inadequate strength against loads, nonconformance to the international standards, etc., is a big risk, with severe negative consequences. Some of the negative impacts of valve failure in the oil and gas industry, especially the offshore sector, can be summarized as loss of asset and production and Safety and Environmental issues (HSE), including problems like environmental pollution, loss of human life in some cases and jeopardizing safety and reliability, etc. Thus, developing methods to improve the design, selection, safety and reliability of valves and actuators is essential and the main objective of this thesis. It should be noted that actuators are mechanical devices installed on the valves, and the performance of the valves is largely dependent on the actuators. -
Sustainability Report LETTER from OUR CEO
2017 Sustainability Report LETTER FROM OUR CEO Dear stakeholders In 2017 we presented our strategy: always safe, high value, low In Statoil we believe the winners in the energy transition will be carbon, and we set clear ambitions for the future. Statoil is now a the producers that can deliver at low cost and with low carbon stronger, more resilient and more competitive company. emissions. We believe there are attractive business opportunities in the transition to a low-carbon economy. The safety of our people and integrity of our operations is our top priority. Over the past decade we have steadily improved our We prepare for continued volatility in our markets. Last year safety results. Following some negative developments in 2016, we improved our cash flow and generated USD 3.1 billion in we reinforced our efforts, and last year we again saw a positive free cash flow, tripled adjusted earnings to USD 12.6 billion, development. For the year as a whole, our serious incident and net operating income was to USD 13.8 billion. Statoil’s frequency came in at 0.6. We will use this as inspiration and portfolio continued to improve its robustness in 2017 achieving continue our efforts. The “I am safety” initiative, launched across a breakeven oil price of USD 21 per barrel for next generation the company is an important part of these efforts. projects. Statoil has created substantial value and contributed to the CO2 emissions from our oil and gas production were reduced development of society for almost 50 years. Today we supply by 10% per barrel last year. -
Sprog I Norden
Sprog i Norden Titel: Knud Knudsen (1812–1895): norsk skole- og språkreformator og skandinavist Forfatter: Arne Torp Kilde: Sprog i Norden, 2012, s. 1-19 [i hæftet: s. 119-138] URL: http://ojs.statsbiblioteket.dk/index.php/sin/issue/archive © Dansk Sprognævn Betingelser for brug af denne artikel Denne artikel er omfattet af ophavsretsloven, og der må citeres fra den. Følgende betingelser skal dog være opfyldt: • Citatet skal være i overensstemmelse med „god skik“ • Der må kun citeres „i det omfang, som betinges af formålet“ • Ophavsmanden til teksten skal krediteres, og kilden skal angives, jf. ovenstående bibliografiske oplysninger. Søgbarhed Artiklerne i de ældre numre af Sprog i Norden (1970-2004) er skannet og OCR-behandlet. OCR står for ’optical character recognition’ og kan ved tegngenkendelse konvertere et billede til tekst. Dermed kan man søge i teksten. Imidlertid kan der opstå fejl i tegngenkendelsen, og når man søger på fx navne, skal man være forberedt på at søgningen ikke er 100 % pålidelig. Knud Knudsen (1812–1895): norsk skole- og språkreformator og skandinavist Arne Torp Ivar Aasen (1813–1896) og Knud Knudsen (1813–1896) er de to store navna i norsk språkhistorie på 1800-tallet, men Aasen er nok vesentlig bedre kjent både i Norge og ellers i verden enn Knudsen. Dette er heller ikke så merkelig: Aasen grunnla nemlig den ene av de to offisielle norske målformene, lands- målet eller nynorsken, men Knudsens andel i bokmålet eller riksmålet består i at han var den ivrigste pådriveren for å fornorske dansken, som det ble kalt. Utgangspunktet hans var da den uttalen av dansk skriftspråk som var vanlig i den norske overklassa, den såkalte dannede dagligtale. -
Germanic Languages 825 IV. NORWEGIAN STUDIES*
Germanic Languages 825 IV. NORWEGIAN STUDIES* LANGUAGE By Arne Kruse, Lecturer in Norwegian, School of European Languages and Cultures, University of Edinburgh 1. General A general presentation in German of the Norwegian language and current language situation is H. Sandøy’s contribution, pp. 865–905 in Nation und Sprache. Die Diskussion ihres Verha¨ltnisses in Geschichte und Gegenwart, ed. Andreas Gardt, Berlin, Mouton de Gruyter. Martin Skjekkeland, Tysk-danske la˚nord i nynorsk og i bygdema˚la. Om ein frisk debatt- og om ei gransking av ordtilfanget i to bygdema˚l (Forskningsserien no. 16), Agder College, 1999, 130 pp., contributes to the discussion about German/Danish loan-words in Nynorsk with an investigation into the actual usage of such words in two local dialects. Other contribu- tions to this debate are by G. Akselberg, pp. 25–35 of 7. Møde om Udforskningen af Dansk Sprog, ed. Peter Widell and Mette Kunøe, Aarhus U.P., 1999, and among others, H. Sandøy, pp. 209–24 of the report Spra˚kbrukeren — fri til a˚ velge? Artikler om homogen og heterogen spra˚knorm, ed. Helge Omdal (Research series no. 17), Kristiansand, Agder College, 1999, 234 pp. The entire report focuses on theoretical and practical implications of restrictive vs. liberal norms for written Norwegian, and questions the validity of the claim that the many optional forms in Bokma˚l and Nynorsk are to the benefit of the user of written Norwegian. The three following books are published in the series ‘Publications of the Ivar Aasen Institute’: Ny-Noreg møter Svensk-Finland, ed. S. J. Walton, Volda, Volda College, 47 pp., is a compilation of five articles which compare the situations for Nynorsk and Swedish in Finland. -
Registration Document
Registration Document AKER ASA Senior Unsecured Bond Issue 2015/2020 ISIN: NO 0010737158 Date: 30 June 2015 Joint Lead Managers: DNB Markets Nordea Markets Pareto Securities Registration Document IMPORTANT INFORMATION The Registration Document has been prepared in connection with listing of the bonds at Oslo Børs. This Registration Document is subject to the general business terms of the Lead Managers. Confidentiality rules and internal rules restricting the exchange of information between different parts of the Lead Managers may prevent employees of the Lead Managers who are preparing this document from utilizing or being aware of information available to the Lead Managers and/or affiliated companies and which may be relevant to the recipient's decisions. The Lead Managers and/or affiliated companies and/or officers, directors and employees may be a market maker or hold a position in any instrument or related instrument discussed in this Registration Document, and may perform or seek to perform financial advisory or banking services related to such instruments. The Lead Managers’ corporate finance department may act as manager or co-manager for the Company in private and/or public placement and/or resale not publicly available or commonly known. Copies of this Registration Document are not being mailed or otherwise distributed or sent in or into or made available in the United States. Persons receiving this document (including custodians, nominees and trustees) must not distribute or send such documents or any related documents in or into the United States. Other than in compliance with applicable United States securities laws, no solicitations are being made or will be made, directly or indirectly, in the United States. -
Norsk Ordbok - the Crown of Nynorsk Lexicography?
Lars S. Vik0r, Sectionfor Norwegian Lexicography, University ofOslo Norsk Ordbok - the Crown of Nynorsk Lexicography? Abstract Norsk Ordbok 'Norwegian Dictionary' is a multi-volume dictionary of the Norwegian standard variety Nynorsk and the Norwegian dialects. It is one of the very few dictionaries which cover both a written standard language and the oral dialects on which this standard is based. It was initiated around 1930, based on dialect material collected by volunteers and stored in a vast card archive, and on a variety of written sources. At present, three oftwelve planned volumes have appeared, reaching into g. The paper gives a historical outline of the project, followed by a brief description of its structure and the types of information it gives. This is exemplified by the treatment of one particular word, bunad. Finally, some fundamental problems are briefly discussed: 1) the selection of lemmas, 2) the character of the sources, 3) the treatment of dialect forms, 4) the sequence of definitions. The full title of Norsk Ordbok is Norsk Ordbok. Ordbok over det norske folkemâlet og det nynorske skriftmâlet 'Norwegian Dictionary. A dic tionary of the Norwegian popular language [i.e. the Norwegian dialects], and the Nynorsk written language'. This title at once indicates the dual aspect of the dictionary: It gives integrated coverage of both oral dialects and a written standard language. This dual aspect is the most special distinguishing feature of Norsk Ordbok as a lexicographic work. Normally, dictionaries cover written standard languages or some aspect of them (or, in the case of pro nouncing dictionaries, oral standard language). -
Public Financing of Health Care in Eight Western Countries
PUBLIC FINANCING OF HEALTH CARE IN EIGHT WESTERN COUNTRIES The Introduction of Universal Coverage BY ALEXANDER SHALOM PREKER Ph.D. Thesis Submitted to Fulfill Requirements for a Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the London School of Economics and Political Science UMI Number: U048587 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U048587 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 rnsse F 686 X c2I ABSTRACT The public sector of all western developed countries has become increasingly involved in financing health care during the past century. Today, thirteen OECD countries have passed landmark legislative reforms that call for compulsory prepayment and universal entitlement to comprehensive services, while most of the others achieve similar coverage through a mixture of public and private voluntary arrangements. This study carried out a detailed analysis of why, how and to what effect governments became involved in health care financing in eight of these countries. During the early phase of this evolution, reliance on direct out-of-pocket payment and an unregulated market mechanism for the financing, production and delivery of health care led to many unsatisfactory outcomes in the allocation of scarce resources, redistribution of the financial burden of illness and stabilisation of health care activities. -
Ivar Aasen 1813 – 2013
Ivar Aasen 1813 – 2013 Ivar Aasen, født i Ørsta 1813 og død i Kristiania 1896, ville ha vore 200 år i år. Dette jubileet vil vi sjølvsagt markere. Aasen var landets største språkforskar. Han er kjend for forskinga si i norske dialektar og som skaparen av eit nytt norsk skriftspråk. Dette kalla han landsmål, ikkje bygdemål, ei offisiell norsk målform som vart heitande nynorsk. Ivar Aasen var òg skjønnlitterær forfattar. Med denne utstillinga markerer vi òg Språkåret 2013 – ei feiring av det norske språkmangfaldet, og at Det Norske Teatret er 100 år. Ivar Aasen og Bergen © Universitetsbiblioteket i Bergen, www.uib.no/ub Ein utstillingskatalog til 200-årsjubilanten Tekst: Jan Olav Gatland, Bibliotek for humaniora Formgjeving: Pedro Vásquez, Manuskript- og librarsamlingane Omslag: Ivar Aasen, byste av Arne Mæland reist i samband med Noregs Mållags 100-årsjubileum i 2006. Foto: Pedro Vásquez Foto neste side: Paul Mork, Nasjonalbiblioteket Bergen Katalogen er også tilgjengeleg på UBs heimeside. 2013 Første turen til Bergen Neumann var begeistra for grammatikken og bad Aasen skrive ein kort epistel om seg sjølv. Nokre dagar seinare kom sjølvbiografien på trykk i Bergens Stiftstidende Si første første lange reise heimanfrå gjorde Ivar Aasen til Bergen, ei reise som saman med utdrag frå innleiinga til sunnmørsgrammatikken. Gjennom Neumann skulle bli eit avgjerande vendepunkt i livet hans. 30. juli 1841 kom han til Bergen, kom Aasen i kontakt med F. M. Bugge, preses i Det Kongelige Norske og i bagasjen hadde han ei samling av 509 plantar, sirleg ordna etter Linné, og Videnskabers Selskab i Trondheim, som gav Aasen eit stipend til å granske manuskriptet til ein grammatikk, kalla Den søndmørske Dialekt. -
Drilling for Data
Drilling for data A pragmatic perspective on demystifying digitization in oil and gas Contacts Beirut Houston Georges Chehade Reid Morrison Partner, Strategy& Middle East Principal, PwC US +961-1-985-655 +1-713-356-4132 [email protected] [email protected] Dallas London John Corrigan Adrian Del Maestro Principal, PwC US Director, PwC UK +1-214-746-6558 +44-79-0016-3558 [email protected] [email protected] Düsseldorf Milan Dr. Joachim Rotering Giorgio Biscardini Partner, PwC Strategy& Germany Partner, PwC Italy +49-211-3890-250 +39-02-72-50-92-05 [email protected] [email protected] David Branson Stavanger Executive Advisor, PwC Strategy& Germany Eirik Rasmussen +49-160-4906-431 Partner, PwC Norway [email protected] +47-9526-1193 [email protected] About the authors Reid Morrison leads PwC’s Eirik Rasmussen is a partner Adrian Del Maestro is a global energy advisory with PwC Norway. Based in specialist in oil and gas and practice. Based in Houston, Stavanger, he has more than the broader energy industry he is a principal with PwC US. two decades of experience for Strategy&, PwC’s strategy He has more than 25 years of as a strategy and business consulting business. He is a experience in the oil and gas advisor. He works with director at PwC UK based in industry and advises clients national and global oil and London, where he oversees on strategies to improve gas companies on business the firm’s global research operational and commercial management system and capabilities in energy. -
The Language Youth a Sociolinguistic and Ethnographic Study of Contemporary Norwegian Nynorsk Language Activism (2015-16, 2018)
The Language Youth A sociolinguistic and ethnographic study of contemporary Norwegian Nynorsk language activism (2015-16, 2018) A research dissertation submitteed in fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science by Research in Scandinavian Studies Track II 2018 James K. Puchowski, MA (Hons.) B0518842 Oilthigh Varsity o University of Dhùn Èideann Edinburgh Edinburgh Sgoil nan Schuil o School of Litreachasan, Leeteraturs, Literatures, Cànanan agus Leids an Languages and Culturan Culturs Cultures 1 This page intentionally left blank This page intentionally left blank 2 Declaration Declaration I confirm that this dissertation presented for the degree of Master of Science by Research in Scandinavian Studies (II) has been composed entirely by myself. Except where it is stated otherwise by reference or acknowledgement, it has been solely the result of my own fieldwork and research, and it has not been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification. For the purposes of examination, the set word-limit for this dissertation is 30 000. I confirm that the content given in Chapters 1 to 7 does not exceed this restriction. Appendices – which remain outwith the word-limit – are provided alongside the bibliography. As this work is my own, I accept full responsibility for errors or factual inaccuracies. James Konrad Puchowski 3 Abstract Abstract Nynorsk is one of two codified orthographies of the Norwegian language (along with Bokmål) used by around 15% of the Norwegian population. Originating out of a linguistic project by Ivar Aasen following Norway’s separation from Denmark and ratification of a Norwegian Constitution in 1814, the history of Nynorsk in civil society has been marked by its association with "language activist" organisations which have to-date been examined from historiographical perspectives (Bucken-Knapp 2003, Puzey 2011). -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses The early history of the Roman Catholic schools in Norway 1860-1924 Littlewood, Alan How to cite: Littlewood, Alan (1983) The early history of the Roman Catholic schools in Norway 1860-1924, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7585/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk THE EARLY HISTORY OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC SCHOOLS IN NORWAY 1860-1924 by Alan Littlewood, Thesis for the Degree of Master of Education March 1983. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. •5. JAN ^9B4 I. Alan Littlewood. - ^; ., The Early History of the Roman Catholic Schools in Norway 1860-1924 Thesis for the Degree of Master of Education March 1983.