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University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND LAW Winchester School of Arts Volume 1 of 2 Domestic Spaces in the Information Era: Architectural Design, Images and life in a Technological Age by Paolo Sustersic Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2013 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND LAW Design Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy DOMESTIC SPACES IN THE INFORMATION ERA: ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, IMAGES AND LIFE IN A TECHNOLOGICAL AGE Paolo Sustersic The aim of the research is to contribute to a critical interpretation of the multiple dimensions that shape the concept and the practice of contemporary living by analyzing the transformations that domestic space has experienced within the framework of the Information Society. The study emerges from the evidence that the changes that emerged due to the diffusion of information and communication technologies have originated a new social, economic and cultural paradigm that has deeply transformed the way in which contemporary domestic spaces are imagined, designed and lived. Deeply affecting life habits, these changes put into question the persistence of traditional conceptual models related to domestic space such as protection, intimacy, privacy and reproduction of consolidated family structures, recording the appearance of new interpretative categories with respect to private space and the activities developed there, such as connectivity, flexibility, ubiquitousness, transformability and mobile domesticity, among others. The research deals with four main aspects: a) the social and cultural context in which the contemporary debate on domestic space is situated; b) the historical context of the second half of the 20th century when various interpretations of dwelling were formulated in an era dominated by technology and information; c) a proposal to reformulate the concept of living from the perspective of becoming in light of functional transformations of contemporary domestic space epitomized by mediascapes, workspaces and bodyspaces; d) a proposed reading of the interpretative keys on the basis of which the informational house is imagined and designed in relation to the stimuli of objects and spaces, flexibility, digital design and sustainability. The research argues the multidimensionality and complexity of contemporary domestic space steming from both the growing diversity of the actors involved in its production and the variety of factors that influence it. In the culture of dwelling, the role of technology is not univocal and involves all stages of the process of design, construction and use of domestic space. Focusing on advertising and specialized media, the research highlights the role played by images in the construction of a collective imagination of the domestic. In discussing changes in the functional environment, the research highlights how the domestic plays an important role in domestication of technologies. Finally, the research underscores the need for a reformulation of the idea of domestic space within the scope of considering dwelling as an art of becoming, more in keeping with the zeitgeist of the Information Society. Domestic spaces in the Information Era Contents 21 Introduction Architectural Design, Images and Life in a Technological Age 21 I Objectives and Aims 24 II Relevance and Originality 26 III Problems 29 IV Interpretative Approach and Methodological Aspects 35 V Chapters Structure and Contents 45 Chapter 1 Contemporary Society, Family and Home: A Shifting Panorama 46 1.1 The Information Society 46 1.1.1 A New Technological Paradigm 48 1.1.2 Continuities and Ruptures 52 1.2 Family: Crisis of Traditional Structures and New Paradigms 52 1.2.1 Towards the End of Patriarchal Models 53 1.2.2 Open Family Relations and New Pacts of Coexistence 57 1.3 Approaching the Complexity of Domestic Space 57 1.3.1 Dwelling, House, Home, Machine, Organism and Device 59 1.3.2 Philosophical and Epistemological Contributions 62 1.3.3 The Focus of Anthropology and Human Sciences 67 1.3.4 Domestic Space from an Historical, Cultural and Gender Profile 75 1.3.5 Technological Studies 77 1.3.6 The Domestic Space: a Proposal of Contemporary Reading 86 1.4 Conclusion 6 PhD Thesis · Paolo Sustersic 91 Chapter 2 The Technological House: Images of the Future, 1945-1986 93 2.1 Post-war American Modern Homes 93 2.1.1 Frames for a Contemporary Way of Life 95 2.1.2 The Eames House 97 2.2 Imaging a Brand New Domestic World 97 2.2.1 The House of the Future 99 2.2.2 From Space Race to Domestic Space 100 2.2.3 The Capsule as a Paradigm 104 2.2.3 Communication, Control and Flexibility 108 2.3 Radical Approaches 108 2.3.1 From Situationism to New Babylon 112 2.3.2 Superstudio and the Destruction of Architecture 118 2.3.3 Italy: The New Domestic Landscape 124 2.4 Post-modern Ironies 124 2.4.1 The Domestic Project and its Technological Nightmares 127 2.4.2 Hedonism at Home 130 2.5 Conclusion 135 Chapter 3 Living in the Information Era: Functions Follow Flows 137 3.1 Inhabiting as An art of Becoming 137 3.1.1 Paradigms of Becoming 144 3.1.2 The Transformation of Space-Time Coordinates 149 3.1.3 Domesticity and Identity 152 3.1.4 Inhabiting in a Mobile Life 156 3.2 Communication and Connection: Mediascapes 156 3.2.1 House and Media 162 3.2.2 Privacy and Publicity 167 3.3 Production and Household: Workplaces 167 3.3.1 House, Work and Division of Time 171 3.3.2 Houses for Teleworking 174 3.3.3 Telework Imagery 178 3.4 Identification and Comfort: Bodyspaces 178 3.4.1 The Body as a Programmable Object 181 3.4.2 Spaces for the Desidered/Desidering Body 187 3.4.3 Maison à Bordeaux or the Domestic Panopticon: From the Armchair to the Wheelchair 190 3.4.4 The House as a Programmable Object 195 3.4.5 Systems that Make People Intelligent 199 3.5 Conclusion 7 Domestic spaces in the Information Era 203 Chapter 4 Imagining and Designing the Domestic Body 204 4.1 Communicating Contemporary Living: Objects and Spaces 204 4.1.1 Objects and Domestic Landscape 209 4.1.2 Between Function and Image 211 4.1.3 Communicating and Envisioning the Contemporary House 216 4.2 Strategies of Flexibility 220 4.2.1 Blurring of Hierarchies 222 4.2.2 Frame and Generic Space 225 4.2.3 Disintegration and Spatial Porosity 227 4.2.4 Transformation and New Opportunities 228 4.2.5 Community and Privacy: Facilities-sharing and Cohousing 232 4.3 Images of the Informational House 232 4.3.1 Problems of Form. The Aesthetics of Information Technologies 240 4.3.2 The Aesthetics of Sustainability 249 4.4 Conclusion 253 Conclusions 253 I Domestic Spaces in the Information Era 257 II Limits and Further Research 259 Bibliography 301 Appendices 8 List of figures Chapter 2 2.01 Walter Gropius, Gropius Residence. 2.02 Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer, Cottage Chamberlain. 2.03 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Resor House / Farnsworth House. 2.04 Marcel Breuer, Breuer House II. 2.05 Richard Neutra, Kaufmann House / Moore House / Singleton House. 2.06 Richard Neutra, Kaufmann House. 2.07 Ralph Rapson / Don Knorr / Craig Ellwood, Case Study Houses. 2.08 Pierre Koenig, Case Study House n. 22. 2.09 Julius Shulman, Stahl House. 2.10 Stahl House as a set. 2.11 Case Study Houses: cars. 2.12 Case Study Houses: lifestyle. 2.13 Case Study Houses: women and children. 2.14 Charles & Ray Eames, Case Study House n.8. 2.15 Charles & Ray Eames, Case Study House n.8, Interiors. 2.16 EMBT- Enric Miralles & Benedetta Tagliabue, House Carrer Mercaders. 2.17 Frank Gehry, Gehry House. 2.18 Richard Hamilton / François Dallegret, Houses. 2.19 Allison & Peter Smithson, The House of the future: plan, section and axonometric. 2.20 Allison & Peter Smithson, The House of the future: entrance and patio. 2.21 Allison & Peter Smithson, The House of the future: living room. 2.22 Allison & Peter Smithson, The House of the future: kitchen. 2.23 Allison & Peter Smithson, The House of the future: dressing room and bathroom. 2.24 Allison & Peter Smithson, The House of the future: bedroom. 2.25 Allison & Peter Smithson, The House of the future: original colour images. 2.26 The Space Race. 2.27 NASA, Gemini 8 and Apollo Capsules. Interior configurations 2.28 Raymond Loewy, Design studies for space programs / NASA, Lunar module. 2.29 Richard Buckminster Fuller, Dymaxion House, 1927 and 1945 versions. 2.30 David Greene, Spray Plastic House / Antón García Abril, Casa Trufa. 2.31 Warren Chalk, Capsule. 2.32 Kisho Kurokawa, Nakagin Capsule Tower. 2.33 Kisho Kurokawa, Nakagin Capsule Tower. Interiors. 2.34 Kisho Kurokawa, Nakagin Capsule Tower. Reconstruction. 2.35 Ron Herron, Warren Chalk, Gasket Homes / Peter Cook, Plug n’ Clip Dwellings. 2.36 Peter Cook, Plug-in City / Ron Herron, Walking City.
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