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Front Matter Template Copyright by Adrian Rodríguez Riccelli 2019 The Dissertation Committee for Adrian Rodríguez Riccelli certifies that this is the approved version of the following Dissertation: The Subject Domain in Cabo-Verdean Creole: Combining variationist sociolinguistics and formal approaches Committee: Sandro Sessarego, Supervisor Almeida Jacqueline Toribio Chiyo Nishida Lars Hinrichs Nicolas Quint The Subject Domain in Cabo-Verdean Creole: Combining variationist sociolinguistics and formal approaches by Adrian Rodríguez Riccelli Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin December 2019 Dedication Dedico esta tesis a mis padres Armando y Mónica, a mi hermano Marcel, a mis hermanas Andrea, Emilia, y Claire, a mis abuelos Mauricio y Santiago, a mis abuelas Eulalia y Nora, a mis tías Claudia, Daniela, y Sandra, a mi querida Linda Concepción, y al ‘Big Gray’. Acknowledgements Completing this dissertation would have been impossible without the support, advice, direction, patience, loyalty, love, and friendship of my family, advisors, colleagues, teachers, friends, and my partner. I am forever indebted and grateful to you all and cannot thank you enough for helping me to achieve this; I will never forget it. To begin with, I would like to thank the University of Texas Center for European Studies and Sally K. Dickson for their support with the Foreign Language Area Studies Fellowship, which came at a crucial early phase in the development of this project. I would also like to thank to the Graduate School and Dr. Mark J. T. Smith, Dean of the Graduate School, for their additional support in the form of the Dean’s Prestigious Fellowship Supplement. Additional thanks go to the Department of Spanish & Portuguese, Dr. Jossiana Arroyo-Martínez, Dr. Jason Borge, Dr. Sergio Romero, and Dr. Almeida Jacqueline Toribio for, among many other things, their support with the Graduate Continuing Fellowship, which facilitated much of my travel for fieldwork and allowed me the time and resources to develop the project. Finally, I extend another thanks to Dr. Jossiana Arroyo- Martínez, as well as Dr. Sandro Sessarego, and Dr. Esther Raizen, College of Liberals Arts Senior Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Student Affairs, for their support in the final Summer and Fall semesters, without which completion of this project would have been impossible; thank you for believing in me! The first and foremost of my gratitude must go to my advisor Dr. Sandro Sessarego, who saw me through the best and the most difficult moments of this journey, and who pushed me in all the right ways to grow as a scholar, a professional, and as a thinker. Sandro v arrived in the department at a time when the ideas for this project were at a nascent phase, when I was still pondering its feasibility, and when I was looking for someone to oversee my research. He gave the encouragement, guidance, and direction I needed to move forward. I thank you for inviting me to partake in collaborative research with you, for the countless professional opportunities, and for your advice and guidance in all matters academic. Sandro’s loyalty and unwavering confidence in those in whom he sees potential drives him to extend his relentless work ethic to propping up others and ensuring their success. Particularly in the last year of this journey, when things often became very difficult, Sandro did not relent: he pushed me to strive forward and never let up, and believed in me even when things were not going our way. Beyond our work together, Sandro has been a dear friend and trustworthy confidant. I look forward to many years of collaboration and friendship, Sandro. A second thanks is in order for Dr. Almeida Jacqueline Toribio, who saw and fostered my professional and intellectual development immediately upon my arrival here. Before I had even met her, Jacqueline’s research was a major inspiration that stoked my curiosity in linguistics and the syntax of subjects when I still was just discovering the field. Her ability to explore a broad range of inter-disciplinary subjects and to transcend the theoretical and methodological constraints of the various subfields of linguistics is something I have always tried to emulate. It was an honor to take her classes and partake in many professional experiences with her, and to have benefitted from her sage guidance and advice. There were several moments when I pursed some unorthodox or seemingly unrelated coursework or line of inquiry, and though Jacqueline expressed skepticism and challenged me to justify some of these pursuits, in the end she believed in me and encouraged me to explore my curiosities to their logical end, and this is why many of the vi innovations in this project are thanks to her. I will forever hold Jacqueline as a role model and inspiration, not just as a scholar, but as a whole person, since her unending genuine kindness is something we should all strive to nurture within ourselves. A special thanks to Dr. Chiyo Nishida, not just for her inspirational work on clitics, but also for her invaluable advising, guidance, and collaboration. Chiyo oversaw several of my research projects at each important phase of the program. She provided me several valuable opportunities for collaboration that allowed me to develop my analytical skills in immensely useful ways. She also pointed me to canonical pieces of research at crucial points in my project that came to form a major part of the theoretical perspective adopted in this dissertation. Chiyo, you were also patient with me, giving me the room to develop my ideas and hone my writing. I cherish you as an advisor, colleague, and friend, and I am very much looking forward to our future collaboration and continued friendship. Dr. Lars Hinrichs played another major role in my learning and growth over the entirety of the program at UT and throughout the development of this project. Lars in a excellent teacher, he showed me the ropes of using R and taught me so much about the fundamentals of sociolinguistics and language variation and change. He played no small part in inspiring me to pursue research in creole languages and morphosyntactic variation. He also lent essential guidance and support during the difficult stage of developing the quantitative analysis, much of the study design was informed directly by his advice. As a fun, charming, and relatable person, taking classes with Lars was always exciting and engaging, and I truly enjoyed every consultation with him. I look forward to the next NWAV, to hearing you on the Texas Standard, and to discussing a collaboration that I have been mulling over and that I will propose to you soon. vii Dr. Nicolas Quint was another key figure in the realization of this project. I met Nicolas at ACBLPE 2016 in Praia when I was in Cabo Verde for my second summer of fieldwork. Without hesitation he extended his valuable friendship, guidance, and advice, and eagerly agreed to form part of the committee. Throughout my process of learning Kriolu and developing this project, he taught me about many key aspects of the language and clarified many doubts I had about particularl syntactic structure and constructions. His insights were invaluable for developing the historical and descriptive components of the project, and in particular for establishing the criteria for defining the envelope of variation. I am immensely grateful for his invitation to give a talk on my research at CNRS in 2018. During that stage of the project, I had developed the second-to-last iteration of the quantitative analysis, and the motivation to give that talk endowed the trajectory of the project with the momentum need to push me through to the end, and the feedback I received from Nicolas and colleagues informed directly the refinement and finalization of the research. I look forward to many future correspondences, chances for collaboration, and to eventually finding the opportunity to invite you to visit and give a talk at some future event that I can host. Three collaborators and friends were absolutely essential to the completion of this project: Edmir Filomeno Freire Semedo, Clever, and Fáron Jesse D’jau Barbosa Peckham. All three of them contributed countless hours of editing, correcting, and adjusting interview transcriptions, as well as valuable comments and insights that allowed me to learn numerous lexical items, syntactic constructions, and other dynamics of Kriolu, all which helped me properly represent and analyze the data. Their tireless work is at the heart of this project, and needless to say, none of it would have been possible without them. Furthermore, in these three individuals, not only did I find valuable collaborators, but even viii more valuable friends, and the opportunity to meet so many people and to truly get to know Santiago. I cannot thank Edmir and his mother Maria Filomeno Freire Lopes enough for receiving me, allowing me into their home, and housing me in the summer of 2016. It is difficult to describe how absolutely formative this experience was for me on both a personal and intellectual level, it was the truest and most genuine manifestation of morabeza. I learned so much Kriolu with Edmir, he introduced me to many informants, many of whom became friends, he partook in conducting interviews, took me on long hikes, and showed me so many of the things that are terra terra. N kre pa-u sabi ma mi e iternamenti gratu. Abo e nha broda pa vida mo! The same thanks and gratitude go to Fáron. In addition to his expert insights and skill in transcription editing, I am also grateful for the many fun times we had in Praia and Tarrafal, and cannot thank you enough for letting me stay at your place and for showing me so many interesting things about CV.
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