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Transformation of Armed Forces to Meet the
New Challenges of Peace Support Operations have Iraq in and Afghanistan in interventions Pentagon 11 September 2001, and the subsequent subsequent the and 2001, September 11 Pentagon Case study Denmark the and Center Trade World the on attacks the However,
Brigadier General Bjarne HESSELBERG,
Royal Danish Army, (Ret.) Order! World
New A – situation stable another to – War Cold The
– situation stable one from went we that perception the table. Consequently, it was was it Consequently, table.
Thank you very much for giving me this opportunity to predic and stable as assessed
brief you on how the Danish armed forces have chosen to still was environment security international the However,
transform from a static, territorial defense force to a character. changed fundamentally future predictable
modern, flexible and deployable force well suited to meet the and system dynamic a is affairs of state international
the challenges of peace support operations of our time, the that demonstrated War Cold the of end the However,
including some thoughts about the future role of Veterans
Associations such as The Blue Berets. yesterday. like was again which today, probably going to be like like be to going probably
was Tomorrow predictable:
During the Cold War, our surroundings were was future The stable. and static being by characterized
characterized by being static and stable. The future was were surroundings our War, Cold the During
predictable: Tomorrow was probably going to be like
today, which again was like yesterday. Berets. Blue The as such Associations e future role of Veterans Veterans of role future e
th about thoughts some including upport operations of our time, time, our of operations upport
However, the end of the Cold War demonstrated that the s peace of challenges the
international state of affairs is a dynamic system and the meet to suited well force deployable and flexible modern,
predictable future fundamentally changed character. a to force defense territorial static, a from transform
However, the international security environment was still to chosen have forces armed Danish the how on you brief
assessed as stable and predictable. Consequently, it was to opportunity this me giving for much very you Thank
the perception that we went from one stable situation –
The Cold War – to another stable situation – A New
World Order! (Ret.) Army, Danish Royal
HESSELBERG, Bjarne General Brigadier
However, the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Denmark study Case
Pentagon 11 September 2001, and the subsequent
interventions in Afghanistan and in Iraq have Operations Support Peace of Challenges New Transformation of Armed Forces to Meet the the Meet to Forces Armed of Transformation
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fundamentally changed the world and showed clearly that “the future is not what it used to be” as it has become
force. Today, the military assets can be rapidly deployed deployed rapidly be can assets military the Today, force. dynamic and totally unpredictable.
in the costs and risks involved in the use of military military of use the in involved risks and costs the in
The Revolution in Military Affairs has led to a reduction reduction a to led has Affairs Military in Revolution The Denmark needed to recognize this and adapt to the new
challenges. Among other things, the framework for
more and more inter-dependant. inter-dependant. more and more Danish security policy comprises a number of factors that
greater vulnerability to external events as we become become we as events external to vulnerability greater can be grouped in three areas:
and free trade, growth and prosperity. But it also leads to to leads also it But prosperity. and growth trade, free and
of democracy and human rights, economic integration integration economic rights, human and democracy of The global development trends,
Globalization is pivotal to the promotion and spreading spreading and promotion the to pivotal is Globalization The threat environment, and
is the determining factor in the global trends. trends. global the in factor determining the is The primary international organizations.
currencies, goods, services, knowledge, ideas and people people and ideas knowledge, services, goods, currencies,
Globalization characterized by increased transactions of of transactions increased by characterized Globalization
The Global Development Trends
the use of military means. means. military of use the Military Affairs (RMA) and and (RMA) Affairs Military
globalization, Revolution of of Revolution globalization, From our perspective there are three main global trends
shaping the international security environment: environment: security international the shaping shaping the international security environment:
From our perspective there are three main global trends trends global main three are there perspective our From globalization, Revolution of Military Affairs (RMA) and
the use of military means.
The Global Development Trends Trends Development Global The
Globalization characterized by increased transactions of
currencies, goods, services, knowledge, ideas and people The primary international organizations. organizations. international primary The
is the determining factor in the global trends. The threat environment, and and environment, threat The
Globalization is pivotal to the promotion and spreading The global development trends, trends, development global The
of democracy and human rights, economic integration
and free trade, growth and prosperity. But it also leads to
can be grouped in three areas: areas: three in grouped be can greater vulnerability to external events as we become Danish security policy compri policy security Danish
ses a number of factors that that factors of number a ses more and more inter-dependant.
challenges. Among other things, the framework for for framework the things, other Among challenges.
Denmark needed to recognize this and adapt to the new new the to adapt and this recognize to needed Denmark The Revolution in Military Affairs has led to a reduction
in the costs and risks involved in the use of military
dynamic and totally unpredictable. unpredictable. totally and dynamic force. Today, the military assets can be rapidly deployed “the future is not what it used to be” as it has become become has it as be” to used it what not is future “the fundamentally changed the world and showed clearly that that clearly showed and world the changed fundamentally
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at superior strength against most opponents. RMA allows the use of weapons in strikes of surgical precision,
thereby reducing the loss of civilian lives and collateral ternational terrorism and and terrorism ternational
damage to a historically low level. in from threats unpredictable
and asymmetric new adding by markedly changed
Consequently, and as shown by the experiences from have They Denmark. facing risks and challenges the
Afghanistan and Iraq, wars fought on a technologically us shown have countries Western against attacks Terror
high level with precision guided munitions and
deployable capabilities have become a valid tool in the War. Cold the during planned we what to different
toolbox of the security policy makers. very approaches by threat a such counter to us force velopments will allow us or or us allow will velopments
de technological arise, should
threat a such if perspective, term long the In past. the of
The Threat Environment forces defense territorial massive the for need a longer no
is there Consequently, future. foreseeable a for territory l threat against Danish Danish against threat l
I will now turn to the second factor shaping the conventiona a of non-existence
international security environment, the threat as seen the underlines NATO, and EU the both of enlargement
from a Danish perspective. the entailing situation security international The
The international security situation entailing the perspective. Danish a from
enlargement of both the EU and NATO, underlines the seen as threat the environment, security international
non-existence of a conventional threat against Danish the shaping factor second the to turn now will I
territory for a foreseeable future. Consequently, there is
no longer a need for the massive territorial defense forces Environment Threat The
of the past. In the long term perspective, if such a threat
should arise, technological developments will allow us or
force us to counter such a threat by approaches very makers. policy security the of toolbox
different to what we planned during the Cold War. the in tool valid a become have capabilities deployable
and munitions guided precision with level high
Terror attacks against Western countries have shown us technologically a on fought wars Iraq, and Afghanistan
the challenges and risks facing Denmark. They have from experiences the by shown as and Consequently,
changed markedly by adding new asymmetric and
unpredictable threats from international terrorism and level. low historically a to damage thereby reducing the loss of civilian lives and collateral collateral and lives civilian of loss the reducing thereby
kes of surgical precision, precision, surgical of kes stri in weapons of use the at superior strength against most opponents. RMA allows allows RMA opponents. most against strength superior at
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proliferation of WMD against Denmark and Danish
nationals abroad. nd democratic norms. Without Without norms. democratic nd
based on the rule of law a law of rule the on based
The UN is the only realistic framework for a system system a for framework realistic only the is UN The Conflicts in Europe’s neighboring regions will continue The United Nations Nations United The
to influence Denmark’s recently acquired and unique
level of security from conventional military threats. Thus, strong transatlantic link. link. transatlantic strong
Denmark to maintain the the maintain to Denmark these conflicts could constitute an indirect threat against
secure international world order. Hence, it is vital for for vital is it Hence, order. world international secure Danish interests. All in all, future threats against development of a stable and and stable a of development
US is a pre-requisite for the the for pre-requisite a is US Denmark will not be determined by Denmark’s
since 911, a strong co-operation between Europe and the the and Europe between co-operation strong a 911, since geographical position. Consequently, there is a need to tional security interests interests security tional
concentrated on their own na own their on concentrated counter the threats were they develop and/or appear. This
prerequisite for success. Even though the US has has US the though Even success. for prerequisite leads to a Danish focus on international operations and
its participation in solving international issues is a a is issues international solving in participation its contributions to international operations will be one of
international system. The US is the only super power and and power super only the is US The system. international the primary tasks for Danish defense in the future.
international security environment, lets discuss the the discuss lets environment, security international
Turning to the last of the three factors shaping the the shaping factors three the of last the to Turning USA and The Transatlantic Link Link Transatlantic The and USA
The primary international organizations
ional organizations organizations ional
The primary internat primary The USA and The Transatlantic Link
Turning to the last of the three factors shaping the
international security environment, lets discuss the
the primary tasks for Danish defense in the future. future. the in defense Danish for tasks primary the international system. The US is the only super power and
contributions to international operations will be one of of one be will operations international to contributions its participation in solving international issues is a
leads to a Danish focus on international operations and and operations international on focus Danish a to leads prerequisite for success. Even though the US has counter the threats were they they were threats the counter
develop and/or appear. This This appear. and/or develop concentrated on their own national security interests
geographical position. Consequently, there is a need to to need a is there Consequently, position. geographical since 911, a strong co-operation between Europe and the
Denmark will not be determined by Denmark’s Denmark’s by determined be not will Denmark US is a pre-requisite for the development of a stable and
Danish interests. All in all, future threats against against threats future all, in All interests. Danish secure international world order. Hence, it is vital for
these conflicts could constitute an indirect threat against against threat indirect an constitute could conflicts these Denmark to maintain the strong transatlantic link.
level of security from conventional military threats. Thus, Thus, threats. military conventional from security of level to influence Denmark’s re Denmark’s influence to
cently acquired and unique unique and acquired cently The United Nations Conflicts in Europe’s neig Europe’s in Conflicts
hboring regions will continue continue will regions hboring The UN is the only realistic framework for a system
based on the rule of law and democratic norms. Without nationals abroad. abroad. nationals
proliferation of WMD agai WMD of proliferation nst Denmark and Danish Danish and Denmark nst
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the UN, Denmark finds it difficult to envisage the creation of a system based on these values.
co-operation, military integrated providing organization
NATO only the is NATO Since alone. NATO to tied be cannot mation of Danish defense defense Danish of mation
NATO is THE central forum for the transatlantic security transfor the Consequently,
policy dialogue and is a pre-requisite for combined and conflict. this by weakened all were security international
joint operations as well within NATO as in other in roles their and They EU. the and NATO UN, the rnational organizations, i.e. i.e. organizations, rnational
contexts. Thus, NATO will be the framework within inte these all of weaknesses
which common capabilities with the necessary quality the showed intervention Iraq the to prior debate The
will be developed for use in operations. Consequently,
NATO is pivotal to the transformation of Danish defense. Organizations International relevant th NATO and the other other the and NATO th
wi Cooperation Denmark’s
The European Union (EU)
The long-lasting integration process of the EU
consolidates a peace zone in an ever growing part of matters. defense EU on opt-outs the to due this from
Europe. The EU could be seen as a natural framework for gain to possibilities limited only has Denmark However,
a broad co-operation in order to handle threats against the migration. illegal and crime organized WMD,
European continent, e.g. from terrorism, proliferation of of proliferation terrorism, from e.g. continent, European
WMD, organized crime and illegal migration. the against threats handle to order in co-operation broad a
However, Denmark has only limited possibilities to gain for framework natural a as seen be could EU The Europe.
from this due to the opt-outs on EU defense matters. of part growing ever an in zone peace a consolidates
EU the of process integration long-lasting The The European Union (EU) (EU) Union European The
Denmark’s Cooperation with NATO and the other ormation of Danish defense. defense. Danish of ormation
relevant International Organizations transf the to pivotal is NATO
Consequently, operations. in use for developed be will
The debate prior to the Iraq intervention showed the quality necessary the with capabilities common which
weaknesses of all these international organizations, i.e. within framework the be will NATO Thus, contexts.
the UN, NATO and the EU. They and their roles in other in as NATO within well as operations joint
international security were all weakened by this conflict. and combined for pre-requisite a is and dialogue policy
Consequently, the transformation of Danish defense security transatlantic the for forum central THE is NATO NATO NATO
cannot be tied to NATO alone. Since NATO is the only
organization providing integrated military co-operation, creation of a system based on these values. values. these on based system a of creation the UN, Denmark finds it difficult to envisage the the envisage to difficult it finds Denmark UN, the
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NATO will continue to be the corner stone in the development of Danish defense.
capabilities for the deployment of forces: forces: of deployment the for capabilities
multinational initiatives focusing on providing providing on focusing initiatives multinational This role as a ”coalition enabler” means that fulfilling
Within this initiative Denmark is committed to three three to committed is Denmark initiative this Within NATO demands will be the ”ticket” to participation in
international operations, i.e. the requirements from
would not be able to afford on their own. own. their on afford to able be not would ocure capabilities that they they that capabilities ocure
nations can cooperate to pr to cooperate can nations NATO (Response Force )
multinational solutions. Within this framework smaller smaller framework this Within solutions. multinational Other partners in “Coalitions of the Willing and
tools for the toolbox, but also on creating a forum for for forum a creating on also but toolbox, the for tools Capable”
This effort does not only focus on providing the right right the providing on focus only not does effort This
capabilities needed for future tasks. tasks. future for needed capabilities will all be requirements which we have to fulfil in order tional procurement of the the of procurement tional
focused on a coordinated na coordinated a on focused to be able to provide ready and fully deployable force
capability shortfalls within the Alliance, this initiative is is initiative this Alliance, the within shortfalls capability contributions able to participate ”in the full range of
Capabilities Commitment. From a prioritized list of of list prioritized a From Commitment. Capabilities missions”. The difference between irrelevant and relevant
launch the capability initiative, called the Prague Prague the called initiative, capability the launch military structure is thus the ability to deploy and employ
At the last NATO summit in Prague in was decided to to decided was in Prague in summit NATO last the At the capabilities wherever needed.
the capabilities wherever needed. needed. wherever capabilities the At the last NATO summit in Prague in was decided to
military structure is thus the ability to deploy and employ employ and deploy to ability the thus is structure military launch the capability initiative, called the Prague missions”. The difference betw difference The missions”.
een irrelevant and relevant relevant and irrelevant een Capabilities Commitment. From a prioritized list of contributions able to partic to able contributions
ipate ”in the full range of of range full the ”in ipate capability shortfalls within the Alliance, this initiative is
to be able to provide ready and fully deployable force force deployable fully and ready provide to able be to focused on a coordinated national procurement of the
will all be requirements which we have to fulfil in order order in fulfil to have we which requirements be all will capabilities needed for future tasks.
This effort does not only focus on providing the right
Capable” Capable” tools for the toolbox, but also on creating a forum for Other partners in “Coalitions of the Willing and and Willing the of “Coalitions in partners Other
multinational solutions. Within this framework smaller NATO (Response Force ) ) Force (Response NATO
nations can cooperate to procure capabilities that they
would not be able to afford on their own.
international operations, i.e. the requirements from from requirements the i.e. operations, international
NATO demands will be the ”ticket” to participation in in participation to ”ticket” the be will demands NATO Within this initiative Denmark is committed to three
This role as a ”coalition enabler” means that fulfilling fulfilling that means enabler” ”coalition a as role This multinational initiatives focusing on providing
capabilities for the deployment of forces: development of Danish defense. defense. Danish of development NATO will continue to be the corner stone in the the in stone corner the be to continue will NATO
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Strategic Air Transport Air-to-Air Refueling
and Strategic Sea Transport, where Denmark has
gained a high profile through a full-time charter of a forces. ition and size of the armed armed the of size and ition
civilian transport ship. This transport ship has all compos nature, the affecting
ready showed its value to the Alliance. issues policy security the of analysis an was approach tch. The fundament of the the of fundament The tch.
scra from Defense Danish
Since the end of the Cold War the Danish armed forces re-designing Approach”, Based “Capability called
have had a number of defense agreements – all so- a approach, different a chosen have we Consequently,
characterized by reductions in our force structure.
needed. was approach new fundamental a that and
sausage”, the of “end the reached had we that realize to
Internationally Deployable Military Capabilities as came we agreement, defense next the towards journey the
well as Homeland Security, including the ability to on embarked we As conscripts. of mobilization on based
counter terrorist acts and their effects and defense territorial for designed structure a - principle
founding the as structure force War Cold our maintained
However, although they were quite drastic, they basically basically they drastic, quite were they although However,
maintained our Cold War force structure as the founding
principle - a structure designed for territorial defense and effects their and acts terrorist counter
based on mobilization of conscripts. As we embarked on to ability the including Security, Homeland as well Military Capabilities as as Capabilities Military
the journey towards the next defense agreement, we came Deployable Internationally
to realize that we had reached the “end of the sausage”,
and that a fundamental new approach was needed.
structure. force our in reductions by characterized
Consequently, we have chosen a different approach, a so- all – agreements defense of number a had have
called “Capability Based Approach”, re-designing forces armed Danish the War Cold the of end the Since
Danish Defense from scratch. The fundament of the
approach was an analysis of the security policy issues Alliance. the to value its showed ready
affecting the nature, composition and size of the armed all has ship transport This ship. transport civilian
forces. a of charter full-time a through profile high a gained and Strategic Sea Transport, where Denmark has has Denmark where Transport, Sea Strategic and
Air-to-Air Refueling Refueling Air-to-Air
Strategic Air Transport Transport Air Strategic
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Danish Foreign Policy: The fundamental objectives of Danish foreign policy are to promote Denmark’s sovereignty, its security, and Danish interests and prosperity. At the same time protecting and
promoting the norms and values of international rule
can be summarized as follows: follows: as summarized be can of law, human rights and democracy.
The derived consequences for the Danish Armed Forces Forces Armed Danish the for consequences derived The
Danish Security Policy: As a vital part of the foreign
counter terrorist acts and their effects. effects. their and acts terrorist counter policy, Danish security policy has the objective to: Homeland Security, including the ability to to ability the including Security, Homeland
capabilities, and and capabilities, Maintain Danish sovereignty. Internationally deployable military military deployable Internationally
Counter both direct and indirect threats
against Danish territory and Danish citizens.
identified: identified: Promote international peace and security sh Defense have been been have Defense sh
two main tasks for Dani for tasks main two through prevention of conflicts and war, peace
the international security environment the following following the environment security international the keeping and peace making operations and Based on the assessment of of assessment the on Based Tasks: Defense Danish
confidence building measures.
confidence building measures. measures. building confidence Danish Defense Tasks: Based on the assessment of
keeping and peace making operations and and operations making peace and keeping the international security environment the following
through prevention of conflicts and war, peace peace war, and conflicts of prevention through two main tasks for Danish Defense have been Promote international peace and security security and peace international Promote
identified:
against Danish territory and Danish citizens. citizens. Danish and territory Danish against Counter both direct and indirect threats threats indirect and direct both Counter
Internationally deployable military Maintain Danish sovereignty. sovereignty. Danish Maintain
capabilities, and
Homeland Security, including the ability to
policy, Danish security policy has the objective to: to: objective the has policy security Danish policy, counter terrorist acts and their effects. Danish Security Policy: Security Danish As a vital part of the foreign foreign the of part vital a As
The derived consequences for the Danish Armed Forces
of law, human rights and democracy. democracy. and rights human law, of can be summarized as follows:
promoting the norms and values of international rule rule international of values and norms the promoting prosperity. At the same time protecting and and protecting time same the At prosperity.
sovereignty, its security, and Danish interests and and interests Danish and security, its sovereignty,
of Danish foreign policy are to promote Denmark’s Denmark’s promote to are policy foreign Danish of
Danish Foreign Policy: Foreign Danish The fundamental objectives objectives fundamental The
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The part of the Danish defense based on mobilization will be abandoned and the current structures for re- generation of forces will be changed:
A limited conscription will be maintained and
furthermore, the focus will change towards consideration. given be should
Homeland Security. structure forces armed the into Guard Home gration of the voluntary voluntary the of gration inte an respect, this In d)
This will leave Danish defense with fewer but security. homeland wider the enhance to order government authorities in in authorities government
professional (on contract) forces and units. Forces need other with co-operation Finally the Danish defense aims to strengthen the the strengthen to aims defense Danish the Finally c)
to be: Available, Deployable and Sustainable. The
international developments and the changes in Danish established. be will co-operation) unit
defense create an immediate need for strengthening the small and training arms small fighting, fire NBC,
Danish procurement budget. aid, (First role security homeland broader the for Conscription of short duration in order to train train to order in duration short of Conscription b)
The increased focus on “Homeland Security” after the needed. so if security homeland
attack 11 September 2001 has the following the in and internationally both employment enable Staggered use of deployable capabilities will will capabilities deployable of use Staggered a)
consequences:
a) Staggered use of deployable capabilities will consequences:
enable employment both internationally and in the following the has 2001 September 11 attack
homeland security if so needed. the after Security” “Homeland on focus increased The
b) Conscription of short duration in order to train
for the broader homeland security role (First aid, budget. procurement Danish
NBC, fire fighting, small arms training and small the strengthening for need immediate an create defense and the changes in Danish Danish in changes the and
unit co-operation) will be established. developments international
c) Finally the Danish defense aims to strengthen the The Sustainable. and Deployable Available, be: to es and units. Forces need need Forces units. and es
co-operation with other government authorities in forc contract) (on professional
order to enhance the wider homeland security. but fewer with defense Danish leave will This
d) In this respect, an integration of the voluntary . .
Home Guard into the armed forces structure Security Homeland
should be given consideration. towards change will focus the furthermore, A limited conscription will be maintained and and maintained be will conscription limited A
generation of forces will be changed: changed: be will forces of generation
will be abandoned and the current structures for re- for structures current the and abandoned be will
The part of the Danish defense based on mobilization mobilization on based defense Danish the of part The
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The transformation of the Danish Armed Forces from a traditional defense based largely on mobilization supplemented with professionally manned units for
to avoid excessive structures. structures. excessive avoid to international operations to a Danish Expeditionary t structure needed and and needed structure t
exact management and suppor and management exact Armed Force focused on the capability to global
between these three elements in order to have the the have to order in elements three these between employment and insertion of deployable forces for the It is therefore essential to find the right balance balance right the find to essential therefore is It
full range of Alliance missions necessitates a need for
three elements the other two will get fewer resources. resources. fewer get will two other the elements three adjustment of the present personnel structure. Each time a new structure is establish in one of the the of one in establish is structure new a time Each
territory. territory. The Danish personnel structure is quite different missions beyond NATO NATO beyond missions
full range of Alliance Alliance of range full compared to US or UK force structures as all officers and
consequence of focus on high readiness forces for the the for forces readiness high on focus of consequence a large part of the NCOs serve until they are 60 years of The physical military requirements are increased as a a as increased are requirements military physical The
age. The future in general will require a younger and
training and off-duty periods in Denmark. Denmark. in periods off-duty and training more flexible personnel force due to among other the
lasting duties abroad temporarily interrupted by by interrupted temporarily abroad duties lasting following reasons: more frequent and longer longer and frequent more
international operations, to to operations, international
temporarily interrupted by periods abroad during during abroad periods by interrupted temporarily The service duties have changed in geography from
primarily being within Danish territory, sometimes sometimes territory, Danish within being primarily primarily being within Danish territory, sometimes The service duties have changed in geography from from geography in changed have duties service The
temporarily interrupted by periods abroad during
international operations, to more frequent and longer
following reasons: reasons: following lasting duties abroad temporarily interrupted by
more flexible personnel force due to among other the the other among to due force personnel flexible more training and off-duty periods in Denmark.
age. The future in general will require a younger and and younger a require will general in future The age. The physical military requirements are increased as a
a large part of the NCOs serve until they are 60 years of of years 60 are they until serve NCOs the of part large a consequence of focus on high readiness forces for the
compared to US or UK force structures as all officers and and officers all as structures force UK or US to compared full range of Alliance missions beyond NATO The Danish personnel struct personnel Danish The
ure is quite different different quite is ure territory.
Each time a new structure is establish in one of the
adjustment of the present personnel structure. structure. personnel present the of adjustment three elements the other two will get fewer resources.
full range of Alliance missions necessitates a need for for need a necessitates missions Alliance of range full It is therefore essential to find the right balance employment and insertion of of insertion and employment
deployable forces for the the for forces deployable between these three elements in order to have the
Armed Force focused on the capability to global global to capability the on focused Force Armed exact management and support structure needed and international operations to operations international
a Danish Expeditionary Expeditionary Danish a to avoid excessive structures. supplemented with profe with supplemented ssionally manned units for for units manned ssionally
traditional defense based largely on mobilization mobilization on largely based defense traditional The transformation of the Danish Armed Forces from a a from Forces Armed Danish the of transformation The
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As there – in general - is no political will to increase the Danish defense spending we need to spend our resources more wisely in order to increase the output. The first step in this process is proposed to be a
streamlining/rationalization of our staff and support structures Abandoning mobilization defense and adjoining adjoining and defense mobilization Abandoning
structures.
The second step is proposed to be the transformation by: accomplished is this Overall,
of our current operational capabilities – or force
structure – from a cold war force structure focused on environment. security
territorial defense within NATO to an expeditionary today’s in relevant more far them making by forces The agreement will transform the Danish armed armed Danish the transform will agreement The
force structure geared for the 21st. century.
The new proposed military structure is based on general. in structure support and staff- the reducing
elements in inverse proportionality. (One goes up, by and respectively, force air and navy army, each individual service: service: individual each
another goes down) by care taken formerly were a number of areas that that areas of number a
The transformation impacts on the composition of the in services functional called The change has been accomplished by establishing so so establishing by accomplished been has change The
personnel resource. The balance is changed from a
ratio of 60 to 40 in favor of the staff elements and the elements. operational
support structure to instead being in favor of of favor in being instead to structure support
operational elements. the and elements staff the of favor in 40 to 60 of ratio
The change has been accomplished by establishing so a from changed is balance The resource. personnel The transformation impacts on the composition of the the of composition the on impacts transformation The
called functional services in a number of areas that
were formerly taken care by each individual service: down) goes another
army, navy and air force respectively, and by up, goes (One proportionality. inverse in elements The new proposed military structure is based on on based is structure military proposed new The
reducing the staff- and support structure in general.
The agreement will transform the Danish armed century. 21st. the for geared structure force
forces by making them far more relevant in today’s expeditionary an to NATO within defense territorial
security environment. on focused structure force war cold a from – structure
force or – capabilities operational current our of to be the transformation transformation the be to
Overall, this is accomplished by: proposed is step second The
Abandoning mobilization defense and adjoining structures.
structures support and staff our of streamlining/rationalization The first step in this process is proposed to be a a be to proposed is process this in step first The
resources more wisely in order to increase the output. output. the increase to order in wisely more resources
the Danish defense spending we need to spend our our spend to need we spending defense Danish the
As there – in general - is no political will to increase increase to will political no is - general in – there As
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Change the conscription to be better suited to match requirements for total defense and recruitment for
joint “functional services” services” “functional joint regular forces its we have a number of of number a have we its
To support the operational un operational the support To Rationalizing and centralizing staff and support
structures in order to free up resources
towns. towns. More usable operational units of better quality
based in companies in all Danish communities and and communities Danish all in companies in based More resources to INTOPS and, activities and
Voluntary Home Guard is 53.000 man and women, women, and man 53.000 is Guard Home Voluntary materiel Voluntary Home Guard: The strength of the the of strength The Guard: Home Voluntary
Reorganizing the national rescue services and the
14) 14) Home Guard under the MOD
islands with a total of 110 employees (GLK 95/FRK 95/FRK (GLK employees 110 of total a with islands Island commanders in Greenland and the Faeroe Faeroe the and Greenland in commanders Island
round about 230 on reaction force contract contract force reaction on 230 about round This is what the new structure looks like: Air force with approximately 3500 employees and and employees 3500 approximately with force Air
only a few on reaction force contracts (less than 100) 100) than (less contracts force reaction on few a only An MOD with the secretary of defense with his staff. The navy with approximately 3300 employees and and employees 3300 approximately with navy The
Defense Cmd. Denmark with approximately 230
little less than 2000 on reaction force contracts contracts force reaction on 2000 than less little regular employees. The army with approximately 9100 employees and a a and employees 9100 approximately with army The
The army with approximately 9100 employees and a
regular employees. employees. regular little less than 2000 on reaction force contracts ith approximately 230 230 approximately ith w Denmark Cmd. Defense
The navy with approximately 3300 employees and An MOD with the secretary of defense with his staff. staff. his with defense of secretary the with MOD An
only a few on reaction force contracts (less than 100)
Air force with approximately 3500 employees and
This is what the new structure looks like: like: looks structure new the what is This round about 230 on reaction force contract
Island commanders in Greenland and the Faeroe
islands with a total of 110 employees (GLK 95/FRK
Home Guard under the MOD MOD the under Guard Home 14) Reorganizing the national national the Reorganizing rescue services and the the and services rescue
Voluntary Home Guard: The strength of the
materiel materiel Voluntary Home Guard is 53.000 man and women, More resources to IN to resources More TOPS and, activities and and activities and, TOPS
based in companies in all Danish communities and More usable operationa usable More l units of better quality quality better of units l
towns.
structures in order to free up resources resources up free to order in structures Rationalizing and centra and Rationalizing lizing staff and support support and staff lizing
To support the operational units we have a number of
regular forces forces regular joint “functional services” requirements for total defense and recruitment for for recruitment and defense total for requirements
Change the conscription to be better suited to match match to suited better be to conscription the Change
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Defense Personnel Service with approx. 700 y to a small extent (less (less extent small a to y
employees onl and soldiers professional The first Brigade will mainly be manned with with manned be mainly will Brigade first The
Defense Materiel Service with approx. 2300
employees structures. command Defense Homeland local sponsible for manning the the manning for sponsible
Defense Buildings Service with approx. 2050 re is Command Operational In the Homeland Security structure, the Army Army the structure, Security Homeland the In
employees
Defense Health Service with approx. 370 employees meaner” In place forces will be transformed into “leaner but but “leaner into transformed be will forces place In
Defense accountant service with approx. 200
And finally the defense academy with approx. 380 security. homeland the in All territorial forces will be changed into capabilities capabilities into changed be will forces territorial All
employees.
before. than extent greater a to and time of period
Turning now briefly to the consequences for the three longer a for forces deployed sustain to possible be will it
services time, same the At strengthened. be will further escalating ent crisis from developing or or developing from crisis ent
prev to forces of deployment
The Royal Danish Army rapid for capability Army’s Danish Royal The
The Royal Danish Army’s capability for rapid Army Danish Royal The
deployment of forces to prevent crisis from developing or
escalating further will be strengthened. At the same time, services
it will be possible to sustain deployed forces for a longer three the for consequences the to briefly now Turning
period of time and to a greater extent than before.
All territorial forces will be changed into capabilities employees. And finally the defense academy with approx. 380 380 approx. with academy defense the finally And
in the homeland security. Defense accountant service with approx. 200 200 approx. with service accountant Defense
In place forces will be transformed into “leaner but Defense Health Service with approx. 370 employees employees 370 approx. with Service Health Defense
meaner”
In the Homeland Security structure, the Army employees Defense Buildings Service with approx. 2050 2050 approx. with Service Buildings Defense
Operational Command is responsible for manning the
local Homeland Defense command structures. employees Defense Materiel Service with approx. 2300 2300 approx. with Service Materiel Defense
The first Brigade will mainly be manned with
professional soldiers and only to a small extent (less employees ce with approx. 700 700 approx. with ce Servi Personnel Defense
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than 10%) with personnel on a special readiness / stand by contract - fully trained. The first brigade is
the army’s “first in – first out” capability.
region, has been maintained. maintained. been has region, The second Brigade itself can not be counted as an
domestic tasks, including tasks in the North Atlantic Atlantic North the in tasks including tasks, domestic operational capability, but should be seen as a
prioritized. Moreover the Navy’s capability to perform perform to capability Navy’s the Moreover prioritized. structure designed for training. NATO Response Force, will be be will Force, Response NATO
including participation in in participation including The second Brigade supplies the Army-structure with
ability to participate in NATO’s Standing Naval Force, Force, Naval Standing NATO’s in participate to ability the capability to have one continuous unit (Battalion- ve been maintained. The The maintained. been ve
conducting littoral operations ha operations littoral conducting size) in the lower end of CROs (PSO) in addition to
The specialized capabilities of The Royal Danish Navy in in Navy Danish Royal The of capabilities specialized The the deployable forces.
The divisional staff and the signal battalion constitute
The Royal Danish Navy Navy Danish Royal The a divisional headquarter, which will be affiliated to a
pool of high readiness deployable forces. The
divisional troops are comprised of several minor
reinforced brigade size. size. brigade reinforced units.
to support an HRF deployable force of up to a a to up of force deployable HRF an support to The Logistic Support Group will naturally support the ttalion, and it will be able able be will it and ttalion,
Battalion and a Logistic ba Logistic a and Battalion deployable forces in the commitment of international
operations. It is organized in a National Support Support National a in organized is It operations. operations. It is organized in a National Support
deployable forces in the commitment of international international of commitment the in forces deployable Battalion and a Logistic battalion, and it will be able The Logistic Support Group will naturally support the the support naturally will Group Support Logistic The
to support an HRF deployable force of up to a
units. units. reinforced brigade size. divisional troops are comp are troops divisional
rised of several minor minor several of rised
pool of high readiness deployable forces. The The forces. deployable readiness high of pool a divisional headquarter, whic headquarter, divisional a
h will be affiliated to a a to affiliated be will h The Royal Danish Navy The divisional staff and the signal battalion constitute constitute battalion signal the and staff divisional The
the deployable forces. forces. deployable the The specialized capabilities of The Royal Danish Navy in
size) in the lower end of CROs (PSO) in addition to to addition in (PSO) CROs of end lower the in size) conducting littoral operations have been maintained. The
the capability to have one continuous unit (Battalion- unit continuous one have to capability the ability to participate in NATO’s Standing Naval Force, The second Brigade supplies the Army-structure with with Army-structure the supplies Brigade second The
including participation in NATO Response Force, will be
structure designed for training. training. for designed structure prioritized. Moreover the Navy’s capability to perform
operational capability, but should be seen as a a as seen be should but capability, operational domestic tasks, including tasks in the North Atlantic The second Brigade itself can not be counted as an an as counted be not can itself Brigade second The
region, has been maintained.
the army’s “first in – first out” capability. capability. out” first – in “first army’s the stand by contract - fully trained. The first brigade is is brigade first The trained. fully - contract by stand than 10%) with personnel on a special readiness / / readiness special a on personnel with 10%) than
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To sum up the Navy is transformed into a versatile toolbox.
Specialized in littoral operations. the providing for responsible Wing Support Combat onstruction, the Expeditionary Expeditionary the onstruction,
Able to operate globally and contribute significantly c wing new a by joined be
to a joint scenario. will Wing Reporting and Control supportive the addition,
The flexible support ships will be well suited to cater In respectively. helicopters and aircraft transport aircraft,
for the role as Deployable Joint Task Force HQ. fighter supporting Wings three of structure wing a into
Able to deploy up to battalion value without having transform will organization Force Air Danish Royal The
to ask others for support.
Projection of major parts of its fighting power in on Force Air Danish Royal The
land.
With a doubling of the manning in Danish Task
Group Staff, the Navy will have a strengthened future. the in contributions SOF
command and control capability, so that the flexible Danish of support in used be - capability helicopter Ships may also - together with an increased transport transport increased an with together - also may Ships
support ships and the patrol ships can be used
optimally as command and control platforms. strengthened The Frogman Corps, like the land based SOF, is is SOF, based land the like Corps, Frogman The
The Frogman Corps, like the land based SOF, is
strengthened platforms. control and command as optimally
Ships may also - together with an increased transport used be can ships patrol the and ships support
helicopter capability - be used in support of Danish flexible the that so capability, control and command
SOF contributions in the future. strengthened a have will Navy the Staff, Group With a doubling of the manning in Danish Task Task Danish in manning the of doubling a With
land. its fighting power in on on in power fighting its of parts major of Projection
The Royal Danish Air Force
support. for others ask to Able to deploy up to battalion value without having having without value battalion to up deploy to Able
The Royal Danish Air Force organization will transform
into a wing structure of three Wings supporting fighter HQ. Force Task Joint Deployable as role the for ill be well suited to cater cater to suited well be ill w ships support flexible The
aircraft, transport aircraft and helicopters respectively. In
addition, the supportive Control and Reporting Wing will scenario. joint a to nd contribute significantly significantly contribute nd a globally operate to Able
be joined by a new wing construction, the Expeditionary Specialized in littoral operations. operations. littoral in Specialized
Combat Support Wing responsible for providing the
toolbox. toolbox. To sum up the Navy is transformed into a versatile versatile a into transformed is Navy the up sum To
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airforce’s deployable combat support and combat service
support capabilities. for either pro-longed pro-longed either for recruitment for basis B)
form the the form
same time, the compulsory military service scheme will will scheme service military compulsory the time, same Permanent national tasks – e.g. air space surveillance,
the needs of the old mobilization force structure. At the the At structure. force mobilization old the of needs the air space policing – not all structures within the air instead of of instead Defense Total A)
purposes and needs of the of needs and purposes force will become deployable.
conscription, has been reorganized re-directed at at re-directed reorganized been has conscription, Three F-16 SQN have been reduced into two.
The traditional compulsory military service scheme, i.e. i.e. scheme, service military compulsory traditional The However these two SQN will still be capable of
deploying 16 aircraft.
been Re-Organized Re-Organized been Change of focus towards expeditionary warfare.
The Compulsory Military Service (Conscription) has has (Conscription) Service Military Compulsory The Two CRC changed into one Static CRC and one
mobile CRC (expeditionary).
The Expeditionary Combat Support Wing is a new
decommissioned. decommissioned. Capability. This unit will provide support to the other Ground based air defense DEHAWK is is DEHAWK defense air based Ground
deployable capacities regarding for instance
helicopters will be expeditionary. expeditionary. be will helicopters communication, guarding, evacuation, medical
helicopter SQN with for instance new EH-101 EH-101 new instance for with SQN helicopter support etc. ith new C130 aircraft and and aircraft C130 new ith w SQN transport the Also
Also the transport SQN with new C130 aircraft and
support etc. etc. support helicopter SQN with for instance new EH-101
communication, guarding, evacuation, medical medical evacuation, guarding, communication, helicopters will be expeditionary.
deployable capacities regarding for instance instance for regarding capacities deployable Ground based air defense DEHAWK is Capability. This unit will will unit This Capability.
provide support to the other other the to support provide decommissioned. The Expeditionary Combat Support Wing is a new new a is Wing Support Combat Expeditionary The
mobile CRC (expeditionary). (expeditionary). CRC mobile Two CRC changed into one Static CRC and one one and CRC Static one into changed CRC Two
The Compulsory Military Service (Conscription) has Change of focus towards expeditionary warfare. warfare. expeditionary towards focus of Change
been Re-Organized
deploying 16 aircraft. aircraft. 16 deploying
However these two SQN will still be capable of of capable be still will SQN two these However The traditional compulsory military service scheme, i.e. Three F-16 SQN have been reduced into two. two. into reduced been have SQN F-16 Three
conscription, has been reorganized re-directed at
force will become deployable. deployable. become will force purposes and needs of the A) Total Defense instead of
air space policing – not all structures within the air air the within structures all not – policing space air the needs of the old mobilization force structure. At the Permanent national tasks – e.g. air space surveillance, surveillance, space air e.g. – tasks national Permanent
same time, the compulsory military service scheme will
form the B) basis for recruitment for either pro-longed support capabilities. capabilities. support airforce’s deployable combat support and combat service service combat and support combat deployable airforce’s
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military service contracts or a full career in the ranks. And like our previous conscription system it will be part
of maintaining the strong links between the services and
the society and contributes to the foundation of the
Danish population's strong support for the armed forces.
The requirements of Danish armed forces determine the service. military for suitability to determine the individual's individual's the determine to
number of young people enrolled in military service. All order in doctor independent
young men are required to enlist and all young an by examined be will conscripts and volunteers
women are invited to attend “The Day of the Danish both service, entering Before conscripts. as drafted be
armed forces”. On this day, we introduce our-selves and will remainder The needed. conscripts of number the and
the services present employment and career opportunities these between shortfall the determine and interested those
and distribute information material. Based on their with service military voluntary for contracts up draw We
participation in this presentation of Danish armed forces,
the participants then inform Danish armed forces whether levels. previous from improved for conscripts have been been have conscripts for
they would like to do voluntary military service or benefits other as well as
whether they are interested in another form of remuneration desirable more service military voluntary
employment with Danish armed forces. To make the the make To forces. armed Danish with employment
voluntary military service more desirable remuneration of form another in interested are they whether
as well as other benefits for conscripts have been or service military voluntary do to like would they
improved from previous levels. whether forces armed Danish inform then participants the
forces, armed Danish of presentation this in participation material. Based on their their on Based material.
We draw up contracts for voluntary military service with information distribute and ment and career opportunities opportunities career and ment
those interested and determine the shortfall between these employ present services the
and the number of conscripts needed. The remainder will and our-selves introduce we day, this On forces”. armed “The Day of the Danish Danish the of Day “The
be drafted as conscripts. Before entering service, both attend to invited are women
volunteers and conscripts will be examined by an young all and enlist to required are men young All All
independent doctor in order to determine the individual's service. military in enrolled people young of number
suitability for military service. the determine forces armed Danish of requirements The
forces. armed the for support strong population's Danish
the of foundation the to contributes and society the
and services the between links strong the maintaining of And like our previous conscription system it will be part part be will it system conscription previous our like And military service contracts or a full career in the ranks. ranks. the in career full a or contracts service military
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The conscripts will receive a four month training
focusing on the tasks related to the Total Defense. This is training in first aid, countering Nuclear Biological and
Chemical catastrophes, fire fighting, small arms training
Forces Professionals
0-6 weeks 0-6
Capabilities training
the
Training and small unit co-operation in order to give them the Military Mission g Leavin
Training Supplementary necessary qualifications to assist in these contexts. 20
Annual
Operations (1) After the four month of training the conscripts will be
International transferred to a pool under an alert status. This means
Total Defence Force Defence Total that they might be called in for additional service in a
Training for International Ops International for Training certain number of months. (Total Defense Force).
Trainin g and
Basic
afgtn Training Warfighting
20 % 20 r. pp
A (2) The conscripts may volunteer for 8 month additional
4 months 4
Approx. 8 months 8 Approx. training to be a part of the Danish armed forces´ Conscription deployable forces. When training for the deployable
forces has been successfully completed, the recruited
20
20
forces has been successfully completed, the recruited recruited the completed, successfully been has forces
deployable forces. When training for the deployable deployable the for training When forces. deployable Conscription
training to be a part of the Danish armed forces´ forces´ armed Danish the of part a be to training 4 months Approx. 8 months
The conscripts may volunteer for 8 month additional additional month 8 for volunteer may conscripts The (2)
Appr. 20 % Warfighting Training
Basic
Training and
certain number of months. (Total Defense Force). Force). Defense (Total months. of number certain Training for International Ops that they might be called in for additional service in a a in service additional for in called be might they that Total Defence Force
transferred to a pool under an alert status. This means means This status. alert an under pool a to transferred International After the four month of training the conscripts will be be will conscripts the training of month four the After (1) Operations
Annual necessary qualifications to to qualifications necessary assist in these contexts. contexts. these in assist
20 Supplementary Training Leaving
Mission Military and small unit co-operation in co-operation unit small and order to give them the the them give to order Training
training Capabilities the
0-6 weeks Professionals Forces Chemical catastrophes, fire fighting, small arms training training arms small fighting, fire catastrophes, Chemical
training in first aid, counter aid, first in training ing Nuclear Biological and and Biological Nuclear ing
focusing on the tasks related to the Total Defense. This is is This Defense. Total the to related tasks the on focusing The conscripts will receive a four month training training month four a receive will conscripts The
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soldier can choose between becoming a professional
soldier or transfer to a reserve pool of contract w type of Veterans. In In Veterans. of type w
volunteers on a special readiness/stand-by contract. ne a created has Operations ternational Peace Support Support Peace ternational
Once professional soldiers and contract volunteers in these in Participation deployed all over the world. world. the over all deployed
are dismissed from service they are automatically been have soldiers Danish
registered as trained personnel in a database used by 100.000 approx. then Since 1948. in beginning very the
the Total Defense in case of grave national crisis. from missions Keeping Peace UN in engaged Denmark
The re-defined compulsory military service, including Veterans
issues regarding number of conscripts and duration and
contents of the military service, will be re-evaluated by
the end of 2006 in order to optimize the system or cancel
it all together. force”. defense “total t recruited will enter the the enter will recruited t no conscripts the of 80%
The change in conscription primarily affects the army, as capabilities. deployable the
the army is the primary user of conscripts in the future as for % 20 recruiting Aim: 9,000). app. (Today year. ll be called up every every up called be ll wi conscripts 7,000 Nearly
it was in the past.
Nearly 7,000 conscripts will be called up every past. the in was it
year. (Today app. 9,000). Aim: recruiting 20 % for as future the in conscripts of user primary the is army the
the deployable capabilities. as army, the affects primarily conscription in change The
80% of the conscripts not recruited will enter the
“total defense force”. together. all it
cancel or system the optimize to order in 2006 of end the
by re-evaluated be will service, military the of contents
and duration and conscripts of number regarding issues
Veterans including service, military compulsory re-defined The
Denmark engaged in UN Peace Keeping missions from crisis. national grave of case in Defense Total the l in a database used by by used database a in l
the very beginning in 1948. Since then approx. 100.000 personne trained as registered
Danish soldiers have been deployed all over the world. automatically are they service from dismissed are
Participation in these international Peace Support volunteers contract and soldiers professional Once ess/stand-by contract. contract. ess/stand-by
Operations has created a new type of Veterans. In readin special a on volunteers soldier or transfer to a reserve pool of contract contract of pool reserve a to transfer or soldier soldier can choose between becoming a professional professional a becoming between choose can soldier
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150
Denmark no special attention was paid to these veterans until the deployment in Balkan in 1992. The development
in the former Yugoslavia caused a lot of causalities in the
Danish units participating initially in the UN-lead
families must take place in the following sequence: sequence: following the in place take must families UNPROFOR and later in the NATO lead IFOR/SFOR
politically decided, the preparation of soldiers and their their and soldiers of preparation the decided, politically and KFOR. Since 1992 the Danish armed forces in
When a multinational Peace Support Operation has been been has Operation Support Peace multinational a When cooperation with the military trade unions and The Blue
Berets has developed a system for Veteran Support a warlike environment. environment. warlike a
a deployment into a war or war a into deployment a named the Partner Model. al soldier will experience experience will soldier al
Engagement are, the individu the are, Engagement
deployment are, and whatever the type of Rules of of Rules of type the whatever and are, deployment When the soldiers and their units deploy, they will
Whatever the political aims and objectives for the the for objectives and aims political the Whatever normally be part of a multinational formation, which
could be:
nation. nation.
OF THE WILLING” and normally with a strong lead lead strong a with normally and WILLING” THE OF A Peace Keeping Force of the United Nations A multinational force consisting of “A COALITION COALITION “A of consisting force multinational A
A UN mandated multinational force set up by a
organized and commanded by a lead nation. nation. lead a by commanded and organized Regional Defense Organization. A UN mandated multinational force mainly mainly force multinational mandated UN A
A UN mandated multinational force mainly
Regional Defense Organization. Organization. Defense Regional organized and commanded by a lead nation. A UN mandated multinational force set up by a a by up set force multinational mandated UN A
A multinational force consisting of “A COALITION A Peace Keeping Force of the United Nations Nations United the of Force Keeping Peace A
OF THE WILLING” and normally with a strong lead
nation.
could be: be: could
normally be part of a multinational formation, which which formation, multinational a of part be normally Whatever the political aims and objectives for the
When the soldiers and their units deploy, they will will they deploy, units their and soldiers the When deployment are, and whatever the type of Rules of
Engagement are, the individual soldier will experience
named the Partner Model. Model. Partner the named a deployment into a war or a warlike environment.
Berets has developed a system for Veteran Support Support Veteran for system a developed has Berets
cooperation with the military trade unions and The Blue Blue The and unions trade military the with cooperation When a multinational Peace Support Operation has been
and KFOR. Since 1992 the Danish armed forces in in forces armed Danish the 1992 Since KFOR. and politically decided, the preparation of soldiers and their
UNPROFOR and later in the NATO lead IFOR/SFOR IFOR/SFOR lead NATO the in later and UNPROFOR families must take place in the following sequence:
Danish units participating initially in the UN-lead UN-lead the in initially participating units Danish
in the former Yugoslavia caused a lot of causalities in the the in causalities of lot a caused Yugoslavia former the in until the deployment in Balkan in 1992. The development development The 1992. in Balkan in deployment the until
Denmark no special attention wa attention special no Denmark s paid to these veterans veterans these to paid s
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Activities to take place before the Mission
In view of the character of the mission, soldiers have to Support) Comrade
perform in the framework of multinational peace support include (To families. for and area mission the in
operations. The soldiers should be provided by their both available be should Teams Intervention Crisis Acute
respective national governments: Mental Associations). Veterans and associations military on between the military, the the military, the between on
(Cooperati Garrisons Home y Support Centers in all all in Centers Support y
Before the deployment with an appropriate training, Famil in families to support
including the psychological aspects of such an and advice give to need a is there period, this During
operation, to include detailed information concerning ace during the Mission Mission the during ace
their obligations and responsibilities towards the pl take to Activities
civilian population under Humanitarian and human
rights laws.
Adequate and qualified mental/psychological undertaken Information about “Comrade Support” should be be should Support” “Comrade about Information
preparation. This also covers the needs of their Family networks must be established. established. be must networks Family
families. (Incl. medical and PTSD screening)
Families must be informed about the mission, the son/husband/father. of "absence"
objectives, timeframes and how to deal with the the with deal to how and timeframes objectives, Families must be informed about the mission, the the mission, the about informed be must Families
"absence" of son/husband/father.
Family networks must be established. screening) PTSD and medical (Incl. families.
Information about “Comrade Support” should be their of needs the covers also This preparation. mental/psychological mental/psychological qualified and Adequate
undertaken
laws. rights manitarian and human human and manitarian
Hu under population civilian
Activities to take place during the Mission the towards responsibilities and obligations their d information concerning concerning information d
detaile include to operation,
During this period, there is a need to give advice and an such of aspects psychological the including Before the deployment with an appropriate training, training, appropriate an with deployment the Before
support to families in Family Support Centers in all
Home Garrisons (Cooperation between the military, the
military associations and Veterans Associations). Mental governments: national respective
Acute Crisis Intervention Teams should be available both their by provided be should soldiers The operations. multinational peace support support peace multinational
in the mission area and for families. (To include of framework the in perform
Comrade Support) to have soldiers mission, the of character the of view In
Activities to take place before the Mission Mission the before place take to Activities
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152
Activities to take place after the Mission
system to identify and treat veterans with physical and/or and/or physical with veterans treat and identify to system The self-respect of the individual soldier and his
was deemed necessary to establish a more efficient efficient more a establish to necessary deemed was recognition by the citizens of the nation must be in 2001 as it it as 2001 in Berets Blue The by
Support was organized organized was Support supported. In a traditional war, the soldiers are fighting developed. The Comrade Comrade The developed.
Partner Model has been been has Model Partner for "God, King and Fatherland". In a multinational unit,
families. In order to coordinate available resources, the the resources, available coordinate to order In families. commanded by an international organization as for
responsibility for the welfare of veterans and their their and veterans of welfare the for responsibility example the United Nations, focus on the nation’s
There is no doubt, that the Government has the full full the has Government the that doubt, no is There responsibility and benefit of the soldier’s deployment,
and could be depressed. It is important for the soldier’s
the Military Trade Unions and Veterans Organizations. Organizations. Veterans and Unions Trade Military the social status, that he is seen as a national soldier, fighting
between the three players on the scene, the Government, Government, the scene, the on players three the between for the nations interests, and not as a mercenary.
missions, it is necessary to establish a close cooperation cooperation close a establish to necessary is it missions,
secure a good life for the veterans from the international international the from veterans the for life good a secure In Denmark we have a long tradition for having military s organizations. In order to to order In organizations. s
armed forces and the veteran’ the and forces armed trade unions, with the right for negotiating personnel
tradition for at close cooperation between the Danish Danish the between cooperation close at for tradition related themes, and also with the right of making
commanders and the soldiers etc. Also we have a long long a have we Also etc. soldiers the and commanders agreements with the government on matters as payment,
social support, systems for cooperation between the the between cooperation for systems support, social social support, systems for cooperation between the
agreements with the government on matters as payment, payment, as matters on government the with agreements commanders and the soldiers etc. Also we have a long
related themes, and also with the right of making making of right the with also and themes, related tradition for at close cooperation between the Danish
trade unions, with the right for negotiating personnel personnel negotiating for right the with unions, trade armed forces and the veteran’s organizations. In order to
In Denmark we have a long tradition for having military military having for tradition long a have we Denmark In secure a good life for the veterans from the international
missions, it is necessary to establish a close cooperation
for the nations interests, and not as a mercenary. mercenary. a as not and interests, nations the for between the three players on the scene, the Government,
social status, that he is seen as a national soldier, fighting fighting soldier, national a as seen is he that status, social the Military Trade Unions and Veterans Organizations. and could be depressed. It is It depressed. be could and
important for the soldier’s soldier’s the for important responsibility and benefit of of benefit and responsibility
the soldier’s deployment, deployment, soldier’s the There is no doubt, that the Government has the full
example the United Nations, focus on the nation’s nation’s the on focus Nations, United the example responsibility for the welfare of veterans and their
commanded by an international organization as for for as organization international an by commanded families. In order to coordinate available resources, the
for "God, King and Fatherland". In a multinational unit, unit, multinational a In Fatherland". and King "God, for Partner Model has been developed. The Comrade
supported. In a traditional war, the soldiers are fighting fighting are soldiers the war, traditional a In supported. Support was organized by The Blue Berets in 2001 as it
recognition by the citizens of the nation must be be must nation the of citizens the by recognition was deemed necessary to establish a more efficient
The self-respect of the individual soldier and his his and soldier individual the of self-respect The system to identify and treat veterans with physical and/or
Activities to take place after the Mission Mission the after place take to Activities
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153
psychological problems from their deployment into international Peace Support Operations.
The Comrade Support structure is manned with
veterans, who on a voluntarily basis are supporting their 300.000 a year (for the next five years). years). five next the (for year a 300.000
fellow veterans in need. The focus element is the €
Telephone line. Any veteran, his family or friends can with funded been has Support Comrade The Berets.
call the line and get support. The support can be given as Blue The of President the is system the of leader daily the
“just listening” or practical assistance in taking contact to and General, Major a Service, Personnel Defense the of
hospitals, psychologists etc. The “Group activities” are Chief the is group this of chairman The established. been activities, a steering group has has group steering a activities,
setting up group activities for veterans who need to have the coordinate to order In
a period together with other veterans in order to regain
their mental health. It could bed a week in the Norwegian Force. Expeditionary forces armed Danish the for system
mountains, a week in canoe in Sweden or just a week-end care personnel the of part a now is Support Comrade
with repelling. the and work, voluntary this recognized act defense ning seminars. The new new The seminars. ning
trai arrange we support, of
Also the Comrade Support are setting up Family Support type right the give to able are members active our all that and in order to make sure, sure, make to order in and
networks for deployed units, and in order to make sure, units, deployed for networks
that all our active members are able to give the right type Support Family up setting are Support Comrade the Also
of support, we arrange training seminars. The new
defense act recognized this voluntary work, and the repelling. with Sweden or just a week-end week-end a just or Sweden
Comrade Support is now a part of the personnel care in canoe in week a mountains,
system for the Danish armed forces Expeditionary Force. Norwegian the in week a bed could It health. mental their
regain to order in veterans other with together period a rans who need to have have to need who rans
In order to coordinate the activities, a steering group has vete for activities group up setting
been established. The chairman of this group is the Chief are activities” “Group The etc. psychologists hospitals,
of the Defense Personnel Service, a Major General, and to contact taking in assistance practical or listening” “just
the daily leader of the system is the President of The Blue as given be can support The support. get and line the call his family or friends can can friends or family his
Berets. The Comrade Support has been funded with veteran, Any line. Telephone
€ 300.000 a year (for the next five years). the is element focus The need. in veterans fellow basis are supporting their their supporting are basis
voluntarily a on who veterans, is manned with with manned is structure Support Comrade The
international Peace Support Operations. Operations. Support Peace international psychological problems from their deployment into into deployment their from problems psychological
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154
As a consequence: Focus on Care for the Veterans. Veterans. the for Care on Focus consequence: a As
operations, and and operations,
Expeditionary warfare over the full spectrum of of spectrum full the over warfare Expeditionary
meet the requirements of the 21st. century: century: 21st. the of requirements the meet
Ensure transformation of operational capabilities to to capabilities operational of transformation Ensure
structures and and structures
tion of staff and support support and staff of tion rationaliza and Streamlining
effort aim to: to: aim effort
To sum up the Danish Armed Forces’ transformation transformation Forces’ Armed Danish the up sum To
To sum up the Danish Armed Forces’ transformation effort aim to:
Streamlining and rationalization of staff and support structures and Ensure transformation of operational capabilities to meet the requirements of the 21st. century: Expeditionary warfare over the full spectrum of operations, and
As a consequence: Focus on Care for the Veterans.
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