30312 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 9, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS JOBLESS RATE STATE AND pay with your savings, and you just to trim the general operations side of the NATIONAL TRAGEDY about sit there and cry because it took budget. That means they probably will fall so much work to put that money in on welfare, higher education, prison budgets and wage increases state employees are ex­ HON. LES AuCOIN the bank in the first place. It's just de­ pecting. OF OREGON pressing as hell." What a 20 percent cut would mean to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES For those who have doubts about higher education in the state was spelled the impact on the folks back home of out by Roy Lieuallen, chief officer of the Wednesday, December 9, 1981 history's longest wave of high interest Oregon system of higher education, which • Mr. AuCOIN. Mr. Speaker, the Na­ rates, massive budget cuts in social includes University of Oregon and Oregon tion's jobless rate jumped from 8 per­ programs, a military spending spree, State University. cent to 8.4 percent in just 1 month. In and the largest tax cut in history, I am Western, Eastern and Southern Oregon Oregon, 10.6 percent of the work fore~ inserting several recent articles from state colleges would have to be closed, he is unemployed. In some counties, the the New York Times. They describe said, along with schools of law, dentistry, rate is 20 percent. For Oregon, the loss the critical situation we have in pharmacy and veterinary medicine. No political figure seeins ready to blame of tax receipts, estimated now to be Oregon as a result of the collapse of President Reagan's economic policies for a $250 million less than estimates of just the lumber and housing industry, the recession that began two years ago. Rather, last spring, means a disastrous budget tragedy of joblessness on families, and they point to high interest rates that have situation and more cuts in vital human the jobs that won't be back after the virtually halted home construction and welfare programs. These reductions recession. ruined the state's lumber business. will come on the tails of Federal [From the New York Times, Dec. 7, 19811 The most recent figures show that 126,000 budget cuts of $1.7 billion in food JoBLEss RATE Is CuTTING INTO OREGON's people were out of work in October. In 1980 stamps, $1.5 billion in child nutrition, BUDGET about 36,000 people exhausted their 26-week and $1 billion in health care. eligibility for unemployment benefits; 14,500 of those also ran through the 13- Recently, Senator PAUL LAXALT of EuGENE, OREG. Dec. 6.- A recession that week period of extended benefits. Nevada was in Detroit to address the began with the collapse of the lumber and "As bad as that sounds, the picture really annual meeting of the National new housing markets in early 1980 has is worse," said Donavon Steward, assistant League of Cities. He expressed concern forced Oregon officials into an almost fre­ administrator of the state employment divi­ that too much money may have been netic search for ways to cut back on a dion. "A lot of people are working only part­ cut from Federal social programs budget that has already been pruned. time and are not listed as out of work." With unemployment at 10.6 percent state­ when control over them was shifted to wide, and around 20 percent in several coun­ the States as part of President Rea­ ties, state revenues from personal and cor­ [From the New York Times, Nov. 23, 19811 gan's · economic program. Senator porate income taxes are expected to run FAMILIES TELL OF LIVING WITH AN LAxALT said Republican Governors $250 million behind estimates made last UNWANTED GUEST: JOBLESSNESS have been telling him they have had a spring. The problem became evident late last big load dumped on them and they're DETROIT, Nov. 22.-The end sometimes not getting adequate money: "It may month when predictions of advisers to Gov. Victor L. Atiyeh and data on recent econom­ comes in a pay envelope with a slip of paper well be the case in a lot of these ic trends were fed into a computer program titled "Notice of Reduction in Force," a eu­ States-and only time will tell-that designed to simulate Oregon's economy. phemism for a layoff. we've given them too much authority, Although some politicians are a bit uneasy The worker fills out an unemployment too much responsibility, and not about accepting the computer's word for the benefit form and heads for the parking lot enough funding." expected shortfall in revenues, none has with the unfamiliar sensation of having no In Oregon, my constituents already challenged the figures. place to go tomorrow and of knowing that LEGISLATIVE SESSION SET the paycheck will be the last one for a know firsthand what it means to be while. out of work for months at a time, with Governor Atiyeh, a Republican, has called As the recession continues, more and more no hope in sight. The lumber indus­ the Legislature into session beginning Jan. people are finding themselves in this predic­ try's seasonally adjusted unemploy­ 11. Mindful that three quarters of Oregon's ament. The national unemployment rate ment rate of 20.3 percent means that financing comes from income taxes, he and stands at 8 percent, the highest level in six in Oregon, of the 31,076 workers nor­ the Democratic leaders of both houses have years, meaning tht 8,520,000 men and said a tax increase is to be avoided. Some women are out of work and looking for jobs, mally employed in the lumber indus­ legislators may try once again to get voters try, 60 percent are either unemployed, and Government economists predict that it to accept a sales tax, though that would not could rise another percentage point. or working curtailed shifts. Of the 210 be popular either. mills usually working, 140 have either "I don't believe a sales tax is politically These are the stories of a handful of shut down or are operating short saleable here now," said Terry Mattock, ex­ them: shifts. Many will never reopen. ecutive director of Oregon Tax Research, a "You remember the American dream?" nonprofit organization dedil'ated to holding Claude W. Williains asked casually. "Work Ron Wymore, his wife, and five chil­ hard, save your money, get an education, dren live in Molalla, Oreg. His grand­ down taxes. It has not been decided which programs get ahead? I'm kind of discouraged in all father was a logger. His father was a will be cut. The Governor, who announced that now." logger. He was a logger, and a good the grim results of the computer analysis on The phone rang, and Mr. Williams was up one, a professional in a very dangerous Nov. 27, has told department heads to show with a bound, moving his large frame quick­ job. But since last July, he's been un­ him by Dec. 15 what it would mean to their ly around the furniture, snatching up the employed. As a veteran and someone departments to cut the budget by 5 percent, receiver before the second ring had died. who's used to long, hard hours at 10 percent, 15 percent and 20 percent. But it was not a job offer, and he returned work, he sees the dreams he had for A 20 percent cut in operating budgets slowly to the task of feeding Justin, his 22- would produce the needed saving, according month-old son. his family falling apart as he adjusts to the computer analysis. Almost half of the Mr. Williains is 33 and unemployed, laid to the shock of not being able to find budget now goes into tax relief for home­ off last August from the Ford Motor Com­ work anywhere. He sums up his situa­ owners and support for public schools, both pany's huge Flat Rock foundry south of tion like this: "The bills you don't pay of which are viewed as sacrosanct. So the here. He is one of the tens of thousands of with your unemployment check you political leadership now seems determined jobless automobile workers in this area.

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. December 9, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30313 He grew up on 12th Street, the cockpit of income. It's an awful feeling that makes you ranch house is a heavy drain that will have Detroit's old black ghetto and the center of sick in your stomach." to be stopped for a while. the city's deadly riot in 1967, and he Rod Wymore's grandfather was a logger, "You have to decide which bills you're thought he had come a long way from there as was his father. So after a tour of military going to pay first," Mr. Brown reflected. His to the big brick house in northwest Detroit service in Vietnam and a year as an inspec­ wife, Becky, added, "I'm not one of those where he lives with his wife and two young tor for a trucking concern, he pulled on a who takes this too well. I'm just calling up sons. pair of spike-soled "cork boots" in 1969 and and telling them that my husband doesn't "I didn't want to work in a factory," he went to work in the deep forests of north­ have a job and I'll pay as much as I can." said, "but the money was too good to pass west Oregon. Meanwhile, Mr. Brown burns precious gas­ up." A summer job at Ford between terms "I've done just about everything there is oline scouring the region for work. "Some­ of teaching school 10 years ago gave way to to do in logging,'' Mr. Wymore said in his times if you approach a foreman or a super­ full-time work at the hot, dirty foundry, soft, steady voice. Starting out setting drag­ intendent in a face-to-face situation, you where blacks like him have been concentrat­ chains on felled trees, he worked his way up have a better chance," he said, "but a lot of ed since the dawn of the automobile age. to feller, the top-paying job of cutting the them are saying they're going to have to lay Mr. Williams finished his higher educa­ trees. His take-home pay reached $350 a off men." tion at Wayne State University. Ford recog­ week. Later, he added, "I'm not as economist or nized his ability and paid for him to get a Then, as the economy worsened and the anything, but the whole picture seems to be master's degree in industrial relations. His building industry began to slow, Mr. Wy­ getting worse, not better. A guy can get a income rose from $8,000 to $16,000, and more's career began to slide-to laborer, and little concerned over that." then to $49,000 one year when he joined then to a night job fixing tires on logging management and worked weekends at the "I go to sleep worried and I wake up wor­ machinery. ried," Paul Mihalcin was saying. "It sure is height of the boom in the late 1970's, before "Every whack, every time they switched things started to go sour, before he was de­ tough." my job, I went down a notch in pay,'' he re­ Mr. Mihalcin is a coal miner, or was a coal moted back to laborer, before the layoffs membered, until last July 31, when he was began. miner until last March 27, when the United laid off. Mine Workers went on strike. The walkout Prospective employees have sent him Unused vacation pay and a $3,400 lump­ form letters saying they "cannot use your was settled in June, but because of a slow­ sum severance payment went to pay off as down only 28 of the 100 men who had services at this time." Even his master's many bills as Mr. Wymore and his wife degree is in the wrong field. "They want worked Republic Steel's Banning No. 4 at could manage, and to buy a side of beef for West Newton, Pa., were called back, and Mr. marketing and retailing skills," he said, "not the freezer in a kind of battering down for industrial production. Or else they say I'm Mihalcin was not one of them. hard times. The money has carried the Wy­ Although he comes from a family of overqualified." mores and their five children this far, but "I feel like I'm falling backwards," he miners, Mr. Mihalcin stayed out of the their savings are starting to dwindle. mines until 1978, when, at the age of 36, he added. "You climb up to heaven, and fall "The bills you don't pay with your unem­ back to hell." doubled the wages he was making as a He looked around his big living room, at ployment check you pay with your savings," welder by going into the mines. the chrome and glass, the African art, the he said, "and you just about sit there and Now 39, he cannot even get a welder's job. warm comfort of home. cry because it took so much work to put He has applied at other mines, but the coal "I'm surrounded by all the things I've ever that money in the bank in the first place. industry is depressed, and so is steelmaking wanted," he said. "I wanted to escape from It's just as depressing as hell." and everything else, it seems. 12th street, I wanted a big house with a big Many of Mr. Wymore's friends are in the same bind, "out there scratching and kick­ "I'm a steady worker," He said. "I would sofa to lie back in, I wanted a family and go into work when I was sick. But when I go two cars and an educational background, ing with the rest of them." He has scoured Molalla, his little town, for jobs, and has in to apply for a job, they don't even look at and now I've got it all, but I don't have a me. They just show me a big stack of job ap­ job." begun to branch out to neighboring areas, but with no luck. plications." At first, years ago now, Valora Hamburg's He has been supporting his wife, Juanita, job at the Pantry Pride food store north of "When you go out looking to apply, some­ times they won't even take your applica­ and two children on $183 weekly unemploy­ Philadelphia brought a welcome supple­ ment insurance, augmented by $22 a month ment to the income of her husband, a tele­ tion," he said. "They have too many al­ ready." in food stamps. These stipends will end the phone company employee. She also loved second week in December, and after that, the job and getting out of the house every He has begun to sense the stigma of un­ employment, the way "it just takes the wind they will apply for welfare, hoping to get a day. little extra money to heat the three-bed­ But then, four years ago, her husband suf­ out of half the people you talk to," the looks he gets when he proffers a credit card, room trailer they live in. fered a stroke that has kept him from work­ "I can't even find a part-time job," Mr. ing since, and the $311 weekly Pantry Pride looks that say "I wonder how he's going to pay for this." Mihalcin said sadly. "Christmas looks very paycheck became crucial to her, her hus­ dim."e band and her son. Word has it that men may be needed for a But Pantry Pride began to founder, and power line that is being built across Mon­ tana, he said, but that would mean moving, eight months ago the last store closed, IN SUPPORT OF H.R. 4326 ending her job and her 21 years with the so he keeps looking closer to home. company. "I've gotten to spend a whole lot more "It's really frightening, being out of time with the kids,'' he said, looking for the HON. JACK BRINKLEY bright side. "When I worked nights in the work," said Mrs. Hamburg, who is 58. OF GEORGIA "When you've worked all your life, it's tire shop I would never see them. :Yeah, pretty hard. I did a little work around the that's about the only good thing that's come IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES house, some gardening and repairs, and out of it." Wednesday, December 9, 1981 tried not to think about it." "Anyone in cosntruction deals with lay­ Mrs. Hamburg exhausted here 30 weeks of offs periodically," said Jesse Brown, a 33- e Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I am unemployment benefits "going from place year-old carpenter from Baldwin City, Kan. pleased to add my support as a cospon­ to place, looking for work." But there was "It's a fact. When the job's over, you've got sor of H.R. 4326, the Small Business none, and she says she knows why. to find a new one." Yet Mr. Brown is starting to feel appre­ Innovation Development Act of 1981. "It's because of my age, I know, that I As a longtime proponent of small busi­ couldn't get work," she said. "Oh, I know hensive, even though his year-long, $14.05- they're not supposed to ask your age, but an-hour hospital construction job in St. ness I feel that this bill would go far some application forms ask what year you Joseph, Mo., ended just over a week ago. in promoting productivity and techno­ graduated from school. 'You're not going to "As many job sites as I've hit, I should logical innovation for which small trick me,' I thought, so I started leaving have had some luck by now," he said. "I business has demonstrated such an im­ that a blank." didn't think I'd have this hard a time find­ pressive ability. The Hamburgs got a wood stove, to avoid ing a job-1 really didn't." The purpose of H.R. 4326 is to en­ the expense of oil, and put the television ' The slump in the construction industry nearby. "The TV gets a lot of use," she said. that threw Mr. Wymore out of work in hance the role of small business in fed­ "You can't go out with gasoline prices what Oregon has idled Mr. Brown in Kansas. Un­ erally funded research and develop­ they are, so we stay home." employment insurance will carry him and ment projects by requiring agencies She paused, then said: "It's a frightening his wife and two young daughters for a with large research and development feeling when you can't advance your while, but the expense of building his new budgets to set aside a percentage of 30314 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 9, 1981 those funds for Small Business Inno­ resist efforts to include voluntary 1981, in which he characterizes the vation Research. prayer as part of the official public proponents of voluntary prayer as The declining rate of productivity school activity. people with good intentions who want and increasing foreign competition Now, 10 years later, the Congress to impose their religion on others, to signal the need for the Government to may be forced to vote on this issue. be universal parents to our school chil­ maximize the contributions which Senator JESSE HELMS of North Caroli- dren, and to tell our kins when to pray small business can make to our econo­ na, much admired by the so-called and how to pray. They want, especial­ my. By making Federal research and moral majority and a proponent of ly, to encourage children to start the development funds accessible to small voluntary prayer, has said he will not school day with a prayer. As Cohen business, the Government can insure press the issue for the remainder of says, and I agree, "Start the day with the utilization of the technological 1981. He has promised, however, to a prayer if you wish. But start it at and innovative capability of small, "go at it again next year." home." Not at school. Why is there high technology businesses. In the House of Representatives, a such an urge to impose religion on a H.R. 4326 represents a compilation resolution to eliminate Supreme Court public school system when we have of the best provisions of several other or Federal court jurisdiction over vol- countless churches and synagogues small business innovation bills intro­ untary prayer was introduced by Con- where children and their parents can duced in the 97th Congress. The SBIR gressman PHILIP CRANE of Illinois. pray? program provided for in this bill is This legislation, now pending in the we are not one religion. This is one patterned after the National Science Judiciary Committee, would allow reason why America is strong. And in Foundation innovation program which States to institute voluntary . pr~~er early childhood education, respecting has proved to be most successful. This without allowing Federal JUdicial these religious differences is impor­ is a program which will work on a review. At present, 30 Members of tant Those who founded our Consti­ larger scale as well, to the benefit of Con~e~s. have cosponsored this bill. . tuti~n wisely separated government the Government and the economy.e ~lso.. I~Itlated by <;~n~~ss~an C~NE from religion. We are duty bound to IS a. ~Ischarge petlti?n, which With a maintain that separation which would maJority or 218 s~~atures, w~uld be violated by voluntary prayer in our H.R. 4326 COSPONSORS force the Hous.e Judiciary Committee public schools. to report the bill out to the House for 1 for one will continue to oppose the HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE floor acti~n. ~his would sideste~ ~he efforts of Senator HELMS, Congress­ OF NEW YORK usual le~Islativ~ procedure provi?mg man CRANE, and all those who would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fo~ public hearmgs and the consider- seek to restrict our essential freedom at10n of amendments. . . of religion.e Wednesday, December 9, 1981 We must not allow the histone e Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, I would American separation of church and like to insert in the REcORD the names state to be overturned, and to let reli- TRIBUTE TO KIWANIS CLUB OF of 12 new cosponsors of H.R. 4326, the gion, through our public schools, UTICA Small Business Innovation Develop­ become a part of our process of gov­ ment Act. ernment. This would pose a great di­ HON. DONALD J. MITCHELL We now have 36 cosponsors of this lemma for people of minority religions very important piece of legislation in our country. School prayer would OF NEW YORK that will strengthen the role of small, also have a harmful effect on their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES high-technology firms in federally children because even voluntary Wednesday, December 9, 1981 funded R. & D. programs and actively prayer fosters exclusion. e Mr. MITCHELL of New York. Mr. promote the innovation that is essen­ My own childhood memories are still Speaker, as the Representative of the tial if our economy is to be productive clear. I was the only Jewish child in 31st Congressional District of New and competitive. I urge those Members the first grade in a small Southern York State, I would like to pay tribute who have not yet joined as cosponsors town. We all said the Lord's prayer to the Kiwanis Club of Utica, N.Y., of H.R. 4326, the major small business every morning. When the school which celebrated its 65th anniversary bill of the 97th Congress, to do so. began the usual Christmas programs, on December 5. Beyond noting the Following are those Members who our teacher, Miss Evelyn Lassiter, club's 65 years of service to the com­ have joined as cosponsors of H.R. 4326 whom I well remember as a kind lady, munity, I would like to bring special during the Thanksgiving recess: PAT called me aside and said, "You don't attention to a scholarship fund that WILLIAMS, Montana; CLINT ROBERTS, have to sing Christmas carols along the Utica Kiwanis Club has estab­ South Dakota; CLAUDINE SCHNEIDER, with the others in the class if you or lished in honor of Kiwanian Charles Rhode Island; PAUL SIMON, Illinois; your parents do not wish you to." Was Schmidt. WILLIAM BONER, Tennessee; LARRY this voluntary? One can imagine my Mr. Schmidt, an emeritus professor WINN, Jr., Kansas; ADAM BENJAMIN, feelings of confusion and embarrass­ at Mohawk Valley Community College Jr., Indiana; MARIO BIAGGI, New York; ment at being singled out. in Utica, was a prominent Kiwanian DON BAILEY, Pennsylvania; IKE AN­ To place a youngster in a position and well known throughout the com­ DREWS, North Carolina; WILLIAM where he or she had to pray with the munity for his many good works. He BROADHEAD, Michigan. majority of students or make some­ thing of a spectacle of himself by taught business management at asking to be excused is cruel. The pro­ Mohawk Valley Community College VOLUNTARY PRAYER IS NOT ponents of voluntary school prayer are for 27 years. He also served as a direc­ VOLUNTARY insensitive to the problem this poses tor and officer of the Mohawk Valley for children of minority religions. Workshop, a sheltered workshop for HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN There is simply nothing voluntary the handicapped. In addition he was an active contributor to the Foothills OF FLORIDA about the voluntary prayer legislation. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Would any child of 8 or 10 not bow his Girl Scout Council, the Service Corpo­ ration of Retired Executives Wednesday, December 9, 1981 head in prayer when everyone around him does it? The child of a minority

79-059 0-85-17 (Pt. 23) 30328 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 9, 1981 The decision to tie together reprocessing graphically far removed from the peace and health or their lives to make the peace. and waste disposal planning complicates and comfort of this delightful city. That was an older generation. And the delays the solution to the problem of radio­ Unfortunately, we have been relatively peace is protected by hard work and active wastes. The emphasis on reprocessing late in awakening to this problem. It is now thoughtful policies, not by slogans in the is a throwback to a time when dozens of plu­ 8 years since the first oil shock; 3 years streets and casual disregard for the vital in­ tonium-fueled breeders were thought to be since the fall of the Shah; 2 years since the terests of one's country. around the corner. That is now just a fanta­ Soviet invasion of Afghanistan; 1 year since Indeed, because alliance deterrence has sy. It would have been better had the Ad­ the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war; 1 month worked so well, many have even lost sight of ministration simply accepted that our earli­ since the assassination of that great peace­ the threat itself. Because the alliance has er expectations were too grandiose, that maker, Anwar Sadat: and there is still insuf­ remained united, and warded off potential 120,000 megawatts of assured light water re­ ficient attention given in public discussion political pressure against its members, many actors by the 1990's would be pretty useful to the real danger posed by the vulnerabil­ appear to assume that its unity, and the po­ to have, and if it had taken the few reasona­ ity of the Western world-including Japan litical and security benefits it conveys, is a ble steps needed to protect that investment; as well as Western Europe and the United fixed fact of life, that it could not be lost Finally, let me stress that nothing is more States-to a potential cut-off of the supply through irresponsible positions or actions, important to protecting that investment of of oil from the Persian Gulf. or through the wedge-driving efforts of the public and private monies in nuclear reac­ Everyone recognizes that there is a prob­ Soviet Union. One has sympathy for the an­ tors than assuring their safety. Nothing lem, but there has been a tendency to view guish of the aspirations of the young-we would be more destructive of support both the issue as somehow isolated from the were all young once and I, too, have on Main Street and on Wall Street than an­ more familiar security concerns of the marched for peace in my student days-but, other accident. Yet there is no hint in the NATO alliance. Consequently, there has as is painfully evident in the discussions Administration's statement that the been a tendency on the part of some observ­ over nuclear matters, very few bother to smooth, safe operation of nuclear plants is ers to see the problems more in terms of concern themselves with the serious busi­ going to take a lot of improvement in indus­ economic relations and Third World poli­ ness of alliance deterrence strategy. try performance. Instead, there is more tics-which are, of course, important aspects Last month, I participated in the semian­ than a hint that the federal safety regula­ of the issue-and to downplay the direct nual meeting of the NATO nuclear planning tors don't know what they are doing. That's military and security aspects. group in Gleneagles, Scotland. At that not going to help on Main Street and on In my remarks today, I would like to dis­ meeting, alliance defense ministers clearly Wall Street, either.e cuss what the United States is seeking to do reaffirmed the alliance deterrence strategy to meet the security challenge in this region that an adequate defense position is the outside of the NATO area; our view of the best insurance for peace. NATO protects the ADDRESS BY PERMANENT REP­ overall Western interests which are in­ peace today, as it has for over 30 years. RESENTATIVE TO NATO ON volved; and the way in which the issue re­ NATO's strategy is based on having ade­ ''STRATEGY FOR THE WEST'' flects upon the NATO alliance itself. In quate forces at all levels-to convince a po­ doing so, I would also like to deal With two tential aggressor that the risks involved in major and interrelated misunderstandings precipitating aggression would be out of all HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI which affect public discussion in Europe, proportion to the conceivable gains he OF ILLINOIS and weaken our ability to meet challenges might hope to gain. both within and without the NATO area. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES This strategy, which was developed during NATO'S DETERRENT STRATEGY the 1960's in the course of intensive alliance Wednesday, December 9, 1981 The first of these misunderstandings re­ discussions, reflects solid historical realities. e Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, lates to NATO's plans and capabilities for The history of this century shows clearly Ambassador W. Tapley Bennett, Jr., deterring conflict in Europe, which have that aggressors are tempted to exploit situa­ been the target of large but seriously mis­ tions of weakness; who needs better proof of our Permanent Representative to guided public demonstrations in recent this than Soviet actions in Hungary, NATO, is one of the greatest diplo­ weeks. The second misunderstanding relates Czechoslovakia, and the whole Eastern tier mats of our time. He recently ad­ to the widespread assumption that the secu­ of states, Afghanistan-and now Poland? dressed the Hanns-Seidel-Stiftung rity of Europe can be separated from the de­ Powers like the Soviet Union are less in­ Conference in Munich, where he gave fense of Western interests in other areas. clined to adventurism when it is obvious an impressive and strong speech on It is, perhaps, understandable that many that the potential opponent has the mili­ the subject of "Strategy for the West people today do not understand NATO tary capability to meet them, and the will to in the 1980's." plans for the deterrence of conflict in employ that capability if necessary. Histori­ Europe. NATO has been so successful in cally, aggressors pick victims which are On the eve of Secretary Haig's de­ maintaining peace and stability in Europe weak, disarmed, and isolated, not those with parture for Brussels to meet with over 30 years that most of the people who close and reliable alliance ties. other NATO countries, I believe Am­ are demonstrating have never experienced NATO's strategy of deterrence is not, as bassador Bennett's remarks are espe­ as adults any international situation other Soviet propaganda alleges, a formula for cially timely. They follow, for the than the security provided by the alliance. fighting a nuclear war in Europe. The pres­ Members' attention: They take it for granted, and do not ask ence of nuclear weapons in Europe-and it how or why it works. is well to remember that they have been sta­ STRATEGY FOR THE WEST IN THE 1980's How many of the new generation remem­ tioned on the continent to keep the peace I am very pleased, as always, at the oppor­ ber that the Atlantic Alliance created the since the 1950's-serves to ensure linkage tunity to speak in Munich. I have found framework within which the devastated between the conventional forces of the alli­ here, in my frequent meetings and discus­ Europe of 1945 grew into the prosperous so­ ance and the U.S. strategic forces. This link­ sions in recent years, a large measure of un­ ciety of today? How many understand the age guarantees that the Soviet Union can derstanding and support for the common enduring role played by the alliance in rein­ never hope to attack Europe alone, nor can political and security objectives which have tegrating the Federal Republic into the it hope to exert political pressure on Europe guided the Atlantic Alliance for three dec­ Western world, and ensuring the balance on alone, separate from the United States. This ades. And I have personally always enjoyed a continent otherwise open to the political is the reason that successive European the warm hospitality of your city. and military domination of one power, the statesmen have called for the maintenance The topic which you have asked me to ad­ Soviet Union? How many appreciate that and modernization of nuclear forces in dress, the United States and European Stra­ the strength and unity of that alliance has Europe to preserve this linkage-this link­ tegic Approach to the Situation Outside made it possible for the West collectively, age for peace. NATO, is perhaps the single most important and the Federal Republic individually, to This NATO strategy is also the only firm security issue facing us all today. It is even negotiate with the Soviet Union on East­ basis for arms control negotiations with the more important, in terms of the immediate West issues and arms control, including Soviet Union in the area of theater nuclear potential threat to Western societies, than Berlin, CSCE, MBFR, and, beginning later forces. It was only after the NATO double the hotly-debated questions of LRTNF mod­ this month, the LRTNF talks in Geneva? decision of December 1979, that the Soviet ernization and arms control. Indeed, there, From the public record, and from my own Union agreed to open negotiations, now is no question in my mind that all of the private discussions, it would appear that scheduled to begin in Geneva this month. members of NATO will find themselves in­ very few of the new generation have any of The Soviets have had a large nuclear missile creasingly concerned, directly or indirectly, these memories and insights. Young people force targetted on Europe for years; they with the challenge to Western security and tend to overlook the fact that they inherit­ began adding to and modernizing it with the interests arising in regions of the world geo- ed the peace-they did not sacrifice their deployment of the SS-20 in the late 1970's. December 9, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30329 There are now some 250 SS-20's deployed, What can the West do in this situation? possibly hostile terrain to reach crucial with three warheads each, a total of 750 Some have suggested that we need new con­ areas. warheads. Together with the older systems, sultative mechanisms, or that we need to These U.S. efforts, and those of others, the Soviets now have deployed well over extend the operational boundaries of however, have clear implications for the al­ 1,000 Soviet LRTNF missile warheads. I NATO. I disagree with both of these propo­ liance defense effort in Europe. Although note that Mr. Brezhnev in his interview sitions. Our existing structures are fully the Reagan administration is making signif­ with Der Spiegel, published just yesterday adequate for consultation and coordination icant increases in defense expenditures, U.S. in Moscow, admitted to a total of 975 "Euro­ if they are used properly. And what is re­ resources are not infinite. U.S. divisions strategic Missiles." NATO has none. Some­ quired to meet the challenge outside NATO which may have to be assigned to a crisis in how, the demonstrators never seem to men­ is not an extension of the NATO treaty Southwest Asia would no longer be available tion this comparison. It was not until the area, but an enhanced effort by individual to reinforce Central Europe. U.S. naval Soviets understood that NATO was serious Western nations, singly and in collabora­ forces serving in the Indian Ocean would about correcting this imbalance that they tion. not be available for the protection of mari­ accepted the NATO offer of arms control A PROGRAM OF ACTION time convoys in the North Atlantic, or for negotiations. At the very least, the demon­ controlling the Mediterranean. U.S. aircraft strators are weakening the Western position One thing we can do, of course, is to try to which are used to transport forces to South­ for the arms control negotiations the dem­ reduce our dependence on Persian Gulf oil. west Asia would not be availalbe to fly onstrators profess to want. There has, in fact, been a decline in oil con­ troops to Central Europe. Further, if the I am confident that these basic truths sumption, due in part to greater efficiency United States is to project significant forces about the NATO strategy will be better un­ in our energy use, in part to a shift to other to Southwest Asia in a period of crisis, it derstood in the future. My Government is energy sources, and in part to the generally will have to depend on cooperation of sever­ working on this, and I know that others in slow world economic conditions. However, al European allies for transit facilities. the alliance are also active. More, however, we remain far too dependent and too vul­ If the alliance is to continue to present a needs to be done to reach the new genera­ nerable. credible conventional defense in Europe, at tion and those in the older generation who We must, therefore, take resolute action the same time that new challenges in should know better. to help ensure the continued viability of the Southwest Asia are being met, we must find THE GLOBAL NATURE OF SECURITY Western lifeline in this area. ways of replacing these U.S. combat capa­ The second misunderstanding, which tries To do this, we must: Provide economic and bilities in the European theater. to separate the security of Europe from the security assistance to friendly states in the We cannot accept a system which compla­ security of Western interests elsewhere, is region; increase the Western presence in cently counts everything twice. That is fine closely related to the first. The peace and peacetime; and develop the ability to project in peacetime, but could leave all of us out in prosperity which have been achieved in significant military force to the area in a the cold in wartime. We have, therefore, Europe in the past 36 years thanks largely crisis. agreed in the alliance that we will consult to NATO are unparalleled in world history. The United States is working on all of on the force implications of the out-of-area Never before has such a large group of these levels. We have allocated the major problem, and that alliance members will people lived in peace, enjoyed such demo­ portion of our economic and military assist­ take steps to meet any resulting gaps. This cratic freedom, and reaped the benefits of ance to countries in the Southwest Asian is a complex matter, particularly when it is such productive societies. The situation is region, including both those NATO allies on difficult for members of the alliance to find particularly unusual in light of past Europe­ the southern flank and Near Eastern coun­ funds for the present level of defense effort. an history, in which wars every decade were tries. We have increased our peacetime pres­ But there is no other satisfactory course. almost a matter of course. And it is in sharp ence in the area, including particularly our We do not have the option of saying that, contrast with the situation in most of the naval presence in the Indian Ocean. We because of financial difficulties, we chose rest of the world, where there have been have engaged in joint exercises with the not to be prepared. The historical record of major and minor international conflicts states in the area, and intend to increase nations which made such ill-considered every year since 1945; where democratic lib­ this activity. We have begun the arduous choices is not a happy one. Security is not erties and economic well-being are very process of building a capacity to deploy siza­ deferrable, unless we are prepared through scarce commodities indeed. ble military forces over the very long dis­ lack of security to put all our other values In these circumstances, it is perhaps natu­ tances between the United States and and social accomplishments at risk. ral that some people prefer to look at Southwest Asia. Some people have argued that the out-of­ Europe as a secure and comfortable island. For that purpose, we have earmarked area problem is exaggerated, and that the Natural, but very misleading. In spiritual units in the United States and have estab­ members of the alliance should not deal terms no man is an island; the same applies lished a separate command structure. We with it because the NATO treaty area is cir­ to security. It is not possible to have a secu­ have pre-positioned equipment, particularly cumscribed. They have contended that the rity policy for NATO, but to ignore this re­ on ships, for use by U.S. forces coming to problems of oil supply could be solved by quirement for all other areas. Indeed, from the area in time of crisis. The concept is political means, making unnecessary direct the U.S. point of view, all security policy very similar to the deployment of extra sets or indirect Western involvement in the secu­ must be seen in a global context. It is not so of U.S. military equipment in Germany for rity of the area. different for our European friends and use by the U.S. divisions which would rein­ Unfortunately, it is difficult to build a allies. force Europe in a crisis. I have visited the strategy on this basis. There is no question In the assessment of the United States, annual Reforger exercises in Germany, and that the political problems of the region are the most likely threats to Western security witnessed U.S. troops who had arrived by severe and deep-rooted. The United States in the next decade are likely to come in the air removing their equipment from ware­ has been in the forefront of efforts to area of the Persian gulf. Western depend­ houses and moving out into the field for ma­ achieve a just and durable peace between ence on the assured flow of oil from the gulf neuvers. The concept works in Europe, and Israel and the Arabs. We know from our is the single most vulnerable aspect of our it can work in Southwest Asia. own experience the difficulties involved and highly-industrialized societies. Europe and We believe that, with our efforts to devel­ the genuine possibilities which exist. The Japan are more dependent on oil from the op a Rapid Deployment Force, and the ef­ Reagan administration is continuing to Middle East than is the United States. It forts of those other allies who maintain push forward with the effort which became would be folly to ignore this fact. Today, forces in the area-there are, for example, known as the Camp David process. the ability of the Soviet Union to exploit important French and United Kingdom However, it is not clear that even a com­ that vulnerability has grown. Soviet aircraft naval units in the Indian Ocean-together plete resolution of the outstanding political in Mghanistan are less than 1 hour's flying also with the efforts of friendly regional problems of the region would ensure the time from the Straits of Hormuz. Soviet di­ powers, we will present a credible defensive safety of Western oil supplies, which would visions in Afghanistan and in the neighbor­ capability to deter Soviet adventurism. We still remain vulnerable to Soviet direct ing regions of the Soviet Union, are far do not plan major ground force peacetime attack or indirect subversive activity. There­ closer to the region than corresponding deployments in the region such as have fore, we believe that what is required is a Western forces. And the internal situation been established in the Federal Republic composite program, of political, economic, in the region may offer the Soviets entice­ under NATO, and which have contributed and military efforts, which will enhance the ments for intervention, which would be dis­ so importantly to maintaining the peace in strength and security of our friends in the astrous to Western interests. The continued Europe. The local situation is, of course, dif­ area, deter Soviet Adventurism, and pre­ turmoil in Iran, the war between Iran and ferent in Southwest Asia, and the Soviets serve the basis for an enduring relationship Iraq, the insane ambitions of Colonel Kha­ are not directly bordering the region-as between the West and the region. daffi, all could offer opportunities for the they are in the GDR and Czechoslovakia­ This is a broad and varied program. There Soviets. but rather would have to cross difficult and are actual and potential roles in it for all 30330 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 9, 1981 members of the alliance, suited to the par­ To assist Members and their staffs This pamphlet should not be used as a ticular capacities and policies of individual who are dealing with constituent in­ substitute for consultation with an attor­ nations-acting individually and jointly quiries from divorced military spouses, ney. rather than an alliance which, after all, has Q. The McCarty decision was about a case fixed boundaries for its activities. What is I am inserting in the REcORD two from I was divorced in a different important is that we press forward prompt­ items. state. Does this case affect me? ly with action, to ensure that our friends First, the NOW legal defense and A. Yes. When the U.S. Supreme Court de­ are not left exposed and without assistance, education fund has published a bro­ cides a case, it affects everybody, no matter that our own vital interests are protected chure entitled "After McCarty against where they live. Before McCarty the majori­ and that the dangerous politics of violence McCarty: A Guide to Your Rights as a ty of states allowed their courts to divide and threat do not come to dominate this Military Wife," which contains an­ the marital property to help divorced spouses of litigation and appeals-and possibly another in the McCarty against McCarty case, 1 that military retirement pay is not military members understand the impact Supreme Court case. of the McCarty decision upon their rights to Q. Can my former spouse just stop marital property subject to State com­ share in their former partners' military re­ making payments? munity property laws and, therefore, tired pay and possible courses of action A. No. Your former spouse does not have could not be divided by a court upon available if court-ordered payments are dis­ the right to stop making payments without divorce. continued. NOW LDEF also has developed first getting a court order. Ordinarily there Since then many constituents who and made available a Technical Assistance must be a hearing at which you will be able are military former spouses have Package for lawyers, exploring the legal to present your side of the story before any­ called congressional offices to find out issues raised by McCarty. thing can be changed. By taking matters what effect the McCarty decision into his own hands, your ex-spouse is prob­ ably in contempt of court. If payments are would have on their receipt of pay­ 1 Almost all military retirees are men, and almost all former military spouses are women who have discontinued, you should see an attorney ments from a military retiree-either been homemakers. This brochure, therefore, as­ promptly to protect your rights. as alimony and child support or as a sumes it is the husbands who have received benefits Q. But what happens if I do go to court to property settlement. that have been divided with their ex-wives. force my former spouse to continue pay- December 9, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30331 ments? Won't the judge apply the new ty property laws and, therefore, these re­ ment of retirement benefits to the nonmili­ McCarty rule and allow the payments to be tirement benefits cannot be divided by a tary spouse. discontinued? court upon divorce. However, there are no standardized guide­ A. Not necessarily. Once a final judgment The Supreme Court reversed California lines that all courts will follow regarding has been reached in a case, usually it is not court decisions which had awarded nearly the conduct of this type of hearing. Each affected by later changes in the law. Even one-half of her former husband's retirement case will have to be assessed on its own when the Supreme Court has overruled one benefits earned during his 18¥2 year mar­ merits since each is unique. of its own earlier decisions, the new rule riage to Patricia McCarty. The retirement Further, the situation presented to the may not be applied to cases already decided. benefit is often the major marital asset ac­ court could be quite complex since property Especially when property rights have al­ quired by military families. and support rights may have been deter­ ready been established and people have In the future former military spouses will mined many years ago, and both spouses relied on those rights in structuring their have no property claim to any portion of relied upon this determination in restruc­ lives, courts carefully examine the basic the military retirement pay. This is so re­ turing their lives after the divorce. fairness of giving retroactive effect to a gardless of their contribution to the acquisi­ Alimony may not have been awarded and change in the law. In many cases, the courts tion of that asset. may now be inappropriate, a house may may conclude it is unfair to withdraw prop­ But what happens for the thousands of have been sole, new property may have been erty payments-particularly if other sources former military wives to whom a portion of acquired or similar events or transactions of income, such as alimony, are no longer the retirement benefits has already been may have occurred as part of or after the available. granted in a property award? Because the original property settlement. Q. Can my former spouse stop alimony Court did not indicate whether the McCarty Since it is practically impossible to turn and child support payments? decision was to apply retroactively, the air is the hands of the clock back to the original A. No. McCarty applies only to property rife with confusion regarding what the deci­ divorce date, a court may call McCarty ret­ settlements from military retired pay. The sion means for existing marital property set­ roactive and may conclude that the equities Court recognized that Congress had passed tlements. in a particular situation dictate the continu­ legislation specifically permitting all federal As a result, former wives of military per­ ation of the original order, McCarty not­ benefits, including military retired pay, to sonnel are currently living in a state of withstanding. Any trial court decision is, of be subject to legal process in order to en­ limbo-fearful that their payments will course, subject to appeal and the questions force child support or alimony obligations. stop, leaving many in difficult financial may not be ultimately resolved for several Even after McCarty, state courts are al­ straits. Many former military wives have re­ years. This too will have to be developed lowed to order that alimony or child sup­ ceived calls and letters from their former through litigation.• port payments be made out of military re­ husbands threatening to cut off all pay­ tired pay. ments and some have, indeed, halted the If your former spouse discontinues pay­ payments. A TRIBUTE TO ABE POLLIN ment of alimony or child support without a While the McCarty decision is clear in its court order authorizing such action, he or application only to ·property claims, threats she may be in contempt of court. You to stop all alimony and child support pay­ HON. STENY H. HOYER should see an attorney immediately to en­ ments have also been reported. The emo­ force your right to payment. tional strain is escalating as lawyers attempt OF MARYLAND Since it is not always easy to determine to assess fully the McCarty decision and its IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES whether you are receiving alimony or prop­ aftermath. Wednesday, December 9, 1981 erty payments, it is most prudent to consult Clearly the Supreme Court limited its de­ an attorney familiar with laws in your own cision to the issue before it-the divisibility • Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, 8 years state so your rights are protected. of military retirement benefits. Thus ago, Abe Pollin presented to the citi­ Q. I can't afford to hire an attorney, what McCarty does not reach alimony or child zens of the metropolitan area, the can I do? support awards. The Supreme Court specifi­ Capital Centre, a sports-entertainment A. A variety of options is available to cally acknowledged that Congress had en­ those who cannot afford legal services. You acted legislation which provides that all fed­ arena that has become the pride of may be eligible for assistance from your eral benefits, including military retired pay, Prince Georges County, Md. local Legal Aid Society or legal services are subject to legal procedures to enforce child support or alimo­ rim of the beltway, the Capital Centre "Attorneys"). Your state or local bar asso­ ny obligations. is the product of a unique partnership ciation or women's center may be able to These obligations continue to exist, and put you in touch with an attorney who is between the private sector and the the responsibility to pay child support oral­ Government. Built with $20 million in willing to accept certain cases at a reduced imony is not abrogated by McCarty. Any fee or no charge. Some states allow the unilateral decision on the part of the retiree private funds, the arena stands on judge to order your former spouse to pay to stop meeting those obligations raises the land rented from the Maryland Na­ your attorney fees if you must go to court risk of being held in contempt of court. tional Capital Park and Planning to enforce a property settlement. But it is not clear how the McCarty deci­ Commission. In 33 years, the owner­ Whatever you do, don't give up without sion will affect existing property settle­ ship of the Centre will revert to the exploring all avenues of possible assistance. ments. The legal principles on the retroac­ Your rights are too valuable to abandon county at no cost. tive effect of McCarty will have to be devel­ This was the first time in our coun­ without a struggle. oped through subsequent litigation. 1981 by NOW Legal Defense and Educa­ There are, however, some guideposts ty's history that this type of venture tion Fund, 132 West 43rd Street, New York, which can be considered for insight on how was accomplished, and it has proven to N.Y. 10036. <212> 354-1225. All rights re­ lower courts might interpret the decision. be an advantageous one for the served. county. Taxes on this real estate have NOW LDEF is a non-profit organization The often threatened "self help" working on precedent-setting projects and method-the retired spouse simply stopping funneled $2.9 million into our coffers. litigation designed to guarantee constitu­ payments currently being made pursuant to In addition, ticket admission taxes and tional rights to free women and men from a court order-could be improper. income taxes increase the direct cash In fact, since payments are being made payment to the county by $13.3 mil­ the limitations of sex discrimination. The under the authority of a valid court order, a organization's existence depends upon the former service member might risk being lion. This ranks the facility among the contributions of individuals, foundations held in contempt of court if he unilaterally top 20 sources of tax revenues in the and corporations interested in achieving stops the payments. Instead, it could be county. this goal. Your contribution is invited. argued, a court order must be obtained that But the benefits from the Capital [From the Spokeswomen, September 19811 authorizes the cessation of payments. Centre are not limited solely to its role Although the procedure differs from state THE .AFTERMATH OF McCARTY AGAINST as a tax resource. Not only does the to state, ordinarily this cannot be accom­ Centre boost county revenues, it also McCARTY plished unless there is a court hearing at , NLADA [National Legal Aid and De­ owner of the Baltimore Bullets and he OF ALABAMA fender Association], the National Organiza­ dreamed of creating a home for his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion of Legal Services Workers team that would provide it with a and the Minority Caucus. It will be expand­ Wednesday, December 9, 1981 ing to include others from within the legal broad base of support and at the same • Mr. SMITH of Alabama. Mr. Speak­ services community, such as National Asso­ time, a center in the Washington area er, recently I offered the first install­ ciation of Indian Legal Services , for sports activities. Pollin tackled the ment of an excellent monograph on migrant farm workers . the American Friends Service Committee Prison Project University, he left the family business , and the Self-Development ny. His offices and apartment build­ No funds made available by the Corpora­ Group -are working towards build­ ings won countless awards for design tion ... may be used- ing a coalition to strengthen their hand in and construction. (7) to initiate. the formation, or act as an opposition to [Massachusetts Governor Ed] Pollins interests soon took him into organizer, of any association, federation, or King['s] administration policy [relating to similar entity, except that this paragraph prison construction]." the sports field, and in 1964 he became shall not be construed to prohibit the provi­ If these efforts at organizing coalitions for one of three people to buy the Balti­ sion of legal assistance to eligible clients. political purposes are not in violation of sec­ more Bullets. Within 4 years he was Since the creation of the Corporation, tion 1007(b)(7), it is hard to understand the sole owner. This ownership paved proponents of the politicized Legal Services what is. the road to the Capital Centre. With Program have attempted to limit the scope The Office of Management and Budget, in the Bullets and the new National of the words "initiate the formation" and an opinion dated May, 1981, found wide­ "act as an organizer," contained in the sec­ spread violations by the Corporation and its Hockey League expansion franchise, tion 1007<7> limitation. The House Edu­ recipients of Federal laws prohibiting lobby­ the Washington Capitals, he opened cation and Labor Committee's report at­ ing. Acting Comptroller General Milton J. the Capital Centre on December 2, tempted to draw a distinction between Soclar held that: 1973. "prepar<7> standard. 1007 of the Legal Services Act, and appro­ directors of the Metropolitan Wash­ In the December 1979, issue of "Clearing­ priations restrictions on lobbying and prop­ ington Board of Trade and as general house Review", Alan Houseman's Research aganda. chairman of the Metropolitan Wash­ Institute on Legal Assistance solicited mem­ Unlawful lobbying activities by the Corpo­ bers for a "national coalition, Citizens for ration and its recipients take a wide variety ington Summer Jobs for Youth pro­ Tax Justice , and the In addition, however, there is a day-to-day guests. Recently we were honored to American Federation of State, County, and mechanism where issues targeted by backup host the President and other digni­ Municipal Employees . centers on a national level are systematical­ taries at the 1981 Inaugural Gala cele- Readers interested in membership were ly lobbied by legal services recipient organi­ given the address and telephone number of zations. bration. · the executive director of CTJ. The method by which issues are selected Abe Pollin and his Capital Centre The article went on to recommend that varies from case to case. In at least one case, have both contributed greatly to the "those [LSC-funded1 programs active in tax a backup center has polled its mailing list residents of Prince Georges County reform activities, but not interested in join­ for recommendations. and to the Washington Metropolitan ing the coalition may want to consider con­ After a decision is made to lobby on tacting the coalition for technical assistance behalf of a given issue, the backup center area. In recognition of the eighth an­ and information about coalition members phones local legal services offices. The local niversary of the Capital Center and who may be active in their local area." It contact can be a state lobbying coordinator, the 58th birthday of Mr. Pollin, I offer also solicited suggestions and ideas about as in the case of Marshall Cohen of Pine this tribute.e "other actions the legal services and client Tree Legal Services in Maine. In other community could take in conjunction with states, there may be no designated contact, the CTJ." and the national backup center simply In a strikingly similar case involving the phones each Legal Services office within the same recipient, Houseman, in his December, state. 1980, lobbying strategy memorandum, advo­ Contacts made through this system occur cated the same sort of coalition building. regularly. They involve issues which are Stated Houseman: seemingly unrelated to the Legal Services December 9, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30333 Corporation's authorizations or appropria­ "[Reagan's Legal Services proposal isl total­ become president of the association tions. They may be made in response to a ly insane, exhibiting a callous insensitivity for 1982. Former chairman of the poll or other Washington-based decision­ to the needs and aspirations of the poor." Commission on Occupational Educa­ making process, rather than the needs of a Former National Bar Assocaition president particular client. Nothing would appear to Robert L. Harris went on to ad that "[bllack tion Institutions, Payne is the second be more clearly in violation of all four America must rise up and confront the Ad­ vocational educator to become presi­ major Legal Services lobbying restrictions. ministration on this proposed madness." dent of the southern association in its It is against this backdrop that the Corpo­ In implementing the Houseman plan on 85-year history. ration, in 1980, launched a massive illegal the Washington level, the Food Research The Southern Association of Colleg­ lobbying effort to secure its reauthorization and Action Center and the LSC-funded es and Schools is a voluntary, nongov­ and, after the election of Ronald Reagan to Native American Rights Fund both joined a ernmental, institution-based organiza­ the Presidency, to achieve the defeat of the coalition of feminist groups signing a peti­ tion serving public, private, and pro­ Reagan economic package. tion in protest of the President's budget cut The lobby strategy memorandum by proposals. prietary institutions at all levels in 11 Houseman represents perhaps the most self­ In April 1981, and on numerous other oc­ Sun Belt States. The agency's chief evidently illegal manifestation of this strat­ casions, Corporation President Dan Bradley purpose is accrediting, which annually egy. In it, Houseman lays down an eight­ had stood with other Legal Services repre­ involves thousands of educators who point plan for "waging battle" on behalf of sentatives in the reception room of the volunteer as professionals to serve on not only reauthorizing legislation satisfac­ Senate chamber, accosting Senators to en­ visiting committees in the processes of tory to the Corporation, but also retention courage them to bust the President's budget peer evaluation and accreditation. of other Federal agencies which President resolution. Dr. Payne's qualifications are cer­ Reagan seeks to replace with block grants. According to Budget Committee Chair­ Because it deals with problems other than man Pete Domenici the board of directors of the Bessemer We will be increasing the Washington lob­ members of Congress can be crucial." Chamber of Commerce, Bessemer bying efforts of the Corporation and our or­ Similarly, the Luzerne County Legal Serv­ Rotary Club, Bessemer Carraway ganizations. NLADA, for example, has hired ices Association advertised in Clearinghouse Medical Center, and Bessemer YMCA. a full-time experienced lobbyist to work on Review for a "law reform specialist," and He is a member of Bessemer Lodge 458 legal services and other matters. The new the Contra Costa Legal Services Foundation F.A.M.-32d degree Scottish Rite, a entity being formed will substantially boasted to would be recruits of its "tradition deacon in the Bessemer First Presby­ expand our lobbying capacity. of strong coummunity involvement and ag­ There is ample evidence that the House­ gressive participation in local political, terian Church, and was named as ·an man plan to defeat the Reagan budget is social and economic battles on behalf of its outstanding young man by the Jaycees being vigorously pursued by a wide variety client communities." in 1972 and 1973. of funding recipients. Clearinghouse Review, which recieved It is truly an honor for me to recog­ Beginning around the first week in March, $840,000 from LSC in fiscal year 1981, serves nize the achievements of Dr. Charles 1981, hundreds of local newspapers began as a bulletin board for liberal legislative Payne. I am proud to have such an featuring curiously similar interviews with causes, alerting readers to Congressional outstanding educator in my district. I the heads of the local Legal Services pro­ status of liberal agenda items such as "inter­ grams, in many cases resulting from press venor funding" legislation and the Domestic know the Southern Association of Col­ releases emanating from those programs. Violence Prevention and Services Act, as leges and Schools is very fortunate to With a similarity of themes which makes well as harpooning conservative legislation have him as their new president.e coincidence unlikely, these articles bear such as the Family Protection Act.e titles such as "Legal aid lawyer says cuts would hurt rural poor worst," "Cuts Would MYRTLE BEACH SUN NEWS End Legal Aid to Rural Poor, Director TRIBUTE TO AN OUTSTANDING GROWS FAST Warns," "President Reagan's Legal Aid Cuts EDUCATOR Will Hurt North Dakotan's

PRISON TASK FORCE The analysis presented here finds its basis tion, which means that it does not put forth in the view that the fundamental struggle only one line or censor differing views. The In July 1975, Guild Notes, the NLG's in the world today is against American im­ Guild must make room for those who be­ official publication, published materi­ perialism. We understand imperialism as a lieve in revolution and armed strug­ als by the NLG Prison Task Force two-headed system with one aim-the subju­ gle, • • •. that advocated revolutionary armed gation and control of the majority of the The fact that armed struggle politics are struggle-terrorism-in the prisons, people of the world for the benefit of a few. discussed in a paper bearing the Guild logo and detailed how, by using the NLG's Prisons are the ultimate weapon of domestic may in the future bring some pressure from logo, publications supporting terror­ social control, and the place where imperial­ the government on the Guild as an organi­ ism were carried into the prisons. ism most clearly reveals itself as a unified zation. • • • The Guild has come under world-wide system of oppression. • • • attack from the government before as a Some NLG members thought that Because many prisoners are people who result of taking principled political stands the publication the Midnight Special, have resisted subjugation, they are poten­ and should expect such attacks again and be a newsletter for prisoners initiated by tially a strong revolutionary force. • • • prepared to resist them aggressively. • • • the NLG's New York City chapter in They know that they will only regain their At a meeting of the NLG National 1971 and the Prison Justice Commit­ freedom and their dignity in a different changed society, and they have very little Executive Board in Columbus, tee, at the time of a takeover and riot Ohio, August 15-18, 1975, there was by militant inmates in the New York left to lose in this one. The MS is a major tool in the fight lengthy discussion of the prison ter­ City prisons, had become so inflamma­ against the isolation which is the basic de­ rorism issue. The NLG's decisionmak­ tory as to be an embarrassment and li­ structive tool of the prison system. • • • ing body, the NEB, passed the resolu­ ability to the National Lawyers Guild. Only lawyers and legal workers have rela­ tion of the prison task force and made The Prison Justice Committee was a tively free access to prisoners. • • • the Midnight Special a publication of support group for radicalized, vio­ Those who feel that the Guild should the National Prison Task Force of the lence-oriented prisoners formed by sever ties with the MS argue that it is essen­ tially a political organ and that it expresses Guild, which should be printed in the revolutionaries who supported the name of the NLG. Weather Underground and the Cleav­ a particular political life, i.e., armed strug­ gle, which has no place within a broad-based The NLG's decisionmaking body also er faction of the legal organization like the Guild. In the agreed not to impose any censorship which formed the Black Liberation context of prisons, however, the dichotomy on the contents of the publication. Army

William Schapp and Marge Ratner was re­ Office, 2403 W. North Avenue, Chicago, IL NATIONAL LAWYERS GUILD 1980 jected by the West German authorities] 60622 [312/278-67061. Active in support of revolutionary with the NLG's 1977 team being Bill Schaap Literature was available in support of and radical groups and causes since its and Ellen Ray; Marty Garbus' trip to South F ALN member William Morales, arrested Africa; and the 1977 NLG delegation to the after the premature detonation of a bomb formation in 1937, the National Law­ Middle East in support of the PLO which in his apartment in New York last year, by yers Guild held its 38th nation­ was led by John Quigley. the MLN and Juan Antonio Corretjer's al convention at Boston University, Puerto Rican Socialist League [Liga Socia­ NLG 1979 CONVENTION August 6-11, 1980. This year's conven­ lista Puertorriquena -Clayton Van Lydegraf, Judy ed some 725 NLG members and sup­ during its national convention in San Bissell, Leslie Mullin, Marc Perry and Mi­ porters. Francisco in February 1979. The fol­ chael Justesen-arrested and charged in Los Formed with the assistance of the lowing account is taken from the In­ Angeles with planning to bomb the office of Comintern and operating under the formation Digest : a California state senator. Particularly unquestioned control of the Commu­ harsh in criticizing Van Lydegraf, long a nist Party, U.S.A. for its first The National Lawyers Guild and the Germany, Nicaragua and other countries as and of course the four remaining National­ efforts of the NLG's Maoist minority well as lsuch violence-oriented U.S. groups ist Party terrorists serving sentences for the in running alternative candidates for as the , attempted assassination of President national office and in raising the posi­ the Black Panther Party , Puerto Truman and shooting Congressmen in the Rican Socialist Party , United RESOLUTIONS League of North Mississippi and the Weath­ Among the resolutions passed at the NLG It was noted that the present NLG er Underground Organization . national convention and National Executive activists, generally in their late twen­ NLG involvement with the WUO and its Committee meeting on 2/19/79 of ties and thirties, appear frozen in the overt arm, the Prairie Fire Organizing Com­ the national officers, regional vice-presi­ rhetoric, dress, and lifestyle of a mittee [plus its New York City dents and the were replete with references to Fascist reconciled, the May 19 Communist Organi­ full-time members of the NLG National zation and former coordinator of NLG for use against federal and local intel­ the National Committee against Grand Jury ligence agencies including the Law Enforce­ Activities opened with a breakfast Abuse; and Myrna Salgado, National Com­ ment Intelligence Unit ; and will co­ meeting by NLG lawyers involved in mittee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of ordinate NLG work with the Center for Na­ litigation against Cuban terrorism, by War. Sponsors of the 2/16/79 event were tional Security Studies , Campaign which they meant against anti-Castro Chicago People's Law Office and PFOC for Political Rights Pro­ tional Committee and the Cuba Sub­ de la Raza, Oakland. The affairs took place gram on Government Surveillance and Po­ at the law office of Stuart Hanlon at 294 litical Rights . This coalition, segment of the Iranian people have taken Freedom fighters and the armed tentatively termed the Interim Committee up arms to defend the achievements of their clandestine movement for the inde­ in Solidarity with the Puerto Rican Revolu­ revolution; Whereas the revolution in Iran pendence of Puerto Rico-featured tionary Independence Struggle, was cen­ today is a major defeat for U.S. imperialist Puerto Rican Nationalist Party terror­ tered in the Westtown Community Law policy throughout the world • • •." ist Oscar Collazo and members of the December 9, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30351 People's Law Office in Chicago who intelligence files. On February 1, 1979, period. This will add as much as $72 a act as the lawyers for the 11 arrested the documents found in the FALN year to the average bill of an Ameri­ members of the terrorist Fuerzas Ar­ hideout were brought to the law of­ can natural gas consumer without a madas de Liberacion Nacional . fices of Jonathan C. Moore, 343 South drop of gas being received in return. With NLG members Dennis Cun­ Dearborn, suite 1607, Chicago, Ill. Even if the project is completed on ningham and Mara Siegel leading, the 60604, where they were to be inspect­ time, there is no guarantee that the history of armed struggle by Puerto ed, but not copied. natural gas will be marketable at a Rican revolutionaries through the Partners in the firm include Michael competitive price in its initial 10 to 15 emergence in November 1974 of the Deutsch, Jeffrey Haas, Dennis Cun­ years. The Energy Committee's own F ALN and the development last year ningham, and Peter J. Schmiedel. staff report indicates that financing of of coordinated actions by several When reporters tried to call Moore, the project may well cause the price of armed groups was outlined. Schmiedel said he was in Boston at gas to soar so high that its users may A draft resolution in support of the the National Lawyers Guild Conven­ find it cheaper to convert to oil. This jailed F ALN terrorists, termed tion. Schmiedel also confirmed that he will not only result in an increase in "Puerto Rican Prisoners of War Held and Deutsch visited the F ALN prison­ oil use and oil imports, but also in­ in U.S. Prisons," was submitted signed ers held in Cook County Jail and had crease the share of the cost to the con­ by Michael Deutsch, Dennis Cun­ provided them with guidelines for sumers who are unable to switch to ningham, Mara Siegel, Ed Voci, Brian legal procedure to use in acting as other types of energy. Glick, and others. In revised and ab­ their own lawyers. Deutsch also filed a The only clear winners from the breviated from, the resolution received petition with the United Nations seek­ waivers are the oil companies, which additional signatures from Kingsley ing to have the FALN prisoners de­ stand to receive a 50-percent rate of Clarke and Jose Antonio Lugo of the clared POW's. return on their investment; the pipe­ Center for Constitutional Rights It will be recalled that several mem­ line companies, which stand to receive and was accepted by the NLG. bers of the People's Law Office active a 25-percent rate of return; and the The resolution stated that since the in the NLG figure prominently in the State of Alaska, since it will receive U.N. Special Committee on Decoloni­ declassified FBI report on the foreign $20 billion as its share of the royalties zation, the U.N. General Assembly and contacts of the Weather Underground with no share of the risk whatever. the Conference of Non-Aligned Na­ Organization However, that represents only 15 per­ lease from dentention or imprison­ was present distributing PFLP litera­ ment, a status claimed by the FALN, cent of the total project. The use of ture and encouraging NLG activists to 54-inch pipe for the Canadian portion the NLG will demand that the U.S. take out subscriptions to its journal. Government release the F ALN terror­ of the pipeline guarantees that no The PFLP activity took place in asso­ American steel manufacturer will be ists, send letters to various U.N. agen­ ciation with distribution of literature cies and officials supporting the F ALN used, since no American firm manufac­ from the Association of Arab-Ameri­ turers pipe of this size. The ·remaining claims to POW status, and campaign can University Graduates . completed in a timely and cost-effi­ will benefit the most. If they are not American Civil Liberties Union cient manner. If this project is not willing to take a risk, the consumer to pay if it helps us lessen our depend­ poses due to its technological ability to with which the United States has a long ence upon foreign oil from people such penetrate dense cloud and ground standing friendship or has mutual interests, as Libya's Col. Mu'ammar Qadhafi. cover. as determined by the President".e Some may also point to the fact that The appropriation of $3 million for the measure we have passed today is radar overflights will not only help VOLUNTEER DEVELOPMENT inequitable, since not every section of provide the information for detecting CORPS the country will be asked to pay for oil, coal, and other mineral resource the potentially higher gas prices deposits, it will help in mapping our HON. BRUCE F. VENTO which could result from the construc­ vast plains and mountains. OF MINNESOTA tion costs of the pipeline. In my own In addition to helping America reach IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES State of Delaware, for instance, 99 energy and mineral independence, the percent of our natural gas needs are House's appropriation for this pro­ Wednesday, December 9, 1981 provided by Transco, a Texas based gram expands the role and mission of • Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, often­ company which draws its gas from the the EROS Data Center. the EROS times during our consideration of au­ Southwest, Southeast, and Gulf of Data Center presently houses and pro­ thorizing and appropriating legisla­ Mexico. Company officials say they vides information to industry, govern­ tion, the major attention is focused will not be taking any gas from the ment, and the public from NASA, upon the big issues with big price tags Alaska pipeline nor be involved in its Landsat, infrared and other high- 30354 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 9, 1981 aerial photographic technology. Side­ tagon to map rough terrain. "This is going military. One sign is a growing militariza­ looking radar will produce another set to be a very useful tool for geologists in the tion of political authority. In the Third future."e World, the governments of over 50 countries of data that will need to be dissemi­ are dominated by the armed forces. nated and stored at EROS. The obsession with weapons and with The recent Space Shuttle launch EFFECTIVE DATE OF H.R. 4420 military solutions to global problems has furthers the use of this new technolo­ pushed arms budgets to $550 billion a year. gy. A form of side-looking radar was HON.CHARLESB.RANGEL About $100 billion of this outlay goes to the carried aboard the Shuttle and its use growing stockpile of nuclear weapons, which from that altitude was tested. Support OF NEW YORK already contains over one million times the of this type of technology is needed. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES explosive force of the Hiroshima bomb. Energy independence will involve Wednesday, December 9, 1981 History's most expensive arms race con­ many forms of exploration. Radar is trasts with the steady deterioration of the e Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, as civilian economy. Both military superpow­ an investment in America's future and chairman of the Ways and Means ers, tied up in an intense arms competition, independence. Preliminary results of Oversight Subcommittee, I introduced have lost status in the commercial market, the Shuttle tests are positive and to il­ H.R. 4420 which reflects the subcom­ as well as within their own military alli­ lustrate this I have included an article mittee's recommendations regarding ances. on the Space Shuttle findings found in small issue industrial development rev­ Public reaction takes two forms. In the de­ the Washington Post, December 9, enue bonds. This bill contains an ef­ veloping world, there is increasing polariza­ 1981. The article follows: tion and more violence, as military-political fective date applying to bonds issued power resists social change. In Europe and [From the Washington Post, Dec. 9, 19811 after December 31, 1981. I have been America, the nuclear threat has become a SPACE SHUTTLE'S FINDINGS DELIGHTING advised that the Ways and Means major target of public concern. Protests are NASA SCIENTISTS Committee will not be reviewing the peaceful, but joined by a growing and more in uniform. Men cess Anne, Pocomoke, and Federals­ spect of civil liberties as Switzerland. who are physically unfit for military service burg. Fittingly, he was appointed the Of course Switzerland's defense are trained in civilian defence instead. But district superintendent for the Eastern needs and ours are as divergent as you conscientious objectors do not get a soft Shore churches in 1943, and was could get. I do not suggest that we imi­ option: about 350 of them, judged to be named bishop in 1964. tate them in every detail. dodgers, are tried by court martial each The unique energy and devotion of However, there are practical lessons year and sent to prison. Bishop Eure should serve as an exam­ we can take from the Swiss on how to EVERY BOY A SOLDIER ple for men and women. I am sure my survive. The article in the Economist Part of the success of the Swiss part-time colleagues join me in congratulating provides a starting point for our specu­ army lies in the way in which civilian and military life is interwoven. A popular song him, and in wishing him many more lation. hardly exaggerates when it proclaims: "In years of service to God and his SWITZERLAND Is READY FOR WAR our cantons, every boy is born a soldier". church.e Military service is as much a part of ordi­ Neutrality and pacifism do not always go nary life as going to school and stretches hand in hand. Switzerland has been a neu­ over a longer period of a man's life. Every HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION 355 tral country since the Congress of Vienna in child sees his father and his teachers go off 1815 but, in many ways, it has become one to the army regularly. of the most military-minded countries in The equipment used by the army and air HON. FERNAND J. ST GERMAIN Europe. Few countries devote so much force does not include the most sophisticat­ OF RHODE ISLAND human effort to defence. ed arms available, even from Switzerland's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A tenth of its population can be mobilised own arms industry. There is a tendency to within 48 hours, and every Swiss male has rely on old-fashioned ideas. Much time, for Wednesday, December 9, 1981 to undergo regular military training each example, is devoted to training carrier pi­ e Mr. ST GERMAIN. Mr. Speaker, year until the age of 50. Although the Swiss geons ; and every weekend soldiers can be days, rifle shots crackle out from ranges seen keeping fit by riding heavy, black mili­ ous discussions be undertaken with behind villages and towns throughout each tary bicycles or by climbing mountains. the Government of Canada, regarding weekend. Switzerland is also one of the few In the past two years, Switzerland has the establishment of a regional strate­ countries which provides enough nuclear been cutting public spending: but the de­ gic petroleum reserve by the United shelters to protect all its citizens. Since the fence budget has remained unscathed. The States and Canada. early 1960's, all public buildings and all pri­ events in Afghanistan and Poland have Past and recent events in the Mid­ vate houses in urban areas have been legally helped to underpin the need for defence east heighten my concern for future obliged to install shelters. spending, but there are other reasons why Switzerland's mountain fighters were once the budget has not been cut. The army has dependable sources of petroleum from the terror of Europe, but ever since the an almost mystic status and remains one of the Persian Gulf area, especially for battle of Marignano in 1515 the country has the most important national institutions in purposes connected with the contin­ concentrated on defence. Though its mili­ a multilingual country where the federal ued uninterruptible operation of key tary budget is relatively small the ground that most of the nation's popu­ Bishop Eure is responsible for build­ For the third time in less than a decade, lation and wealth are in the lowlands. But ing, almost singlehandedly, the entire Americans face rising uncertainties concern- 30356 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 9, 1981 ing supplies and prices of imported oil-oil certain that a foolproof agreement is ob­ players in OPEC, warns that political vola­ on which our economy, despite conservation tainable, given the bickering among OPEC tility in the world makes it necessary for the efforts, is still greatly dependent. Nearly members during and after the Geneva ses­ cartel to maintain its unity. "You Ameri­ one-third of all the petroleum we consume sion over production volume, bonuses, sur­ cans would be wrong to rejoice over a break­ comes from abroad. charges, discounts and the like. up of OPEC," Calder6n told me recently as What looms ahead for you, the American At Geneva, the unified-price accord we sipped coffee at his office in Caracas. "If consumer, is still more expensive oil-gaso­ seemed to suggest that prices were being OPEC collapses, you will have anarchy, line as well as heating fuel-and pronounced brought down from their highest levels, with every producer out for himself and no shortages which could start occuring next such as Libya's $41 per barrel this year, to controls of any kind. You may have wild summer as a result of the complex interna­ the benchmark price of $34 per barrel <1 price oscillations and production cuts. It will tional game of petroleum politics and eco­ barrel=42 gallons). But this was a political damage you more than having to deal with nomics. oil shell game. The truth is that when Saudi OPEC." At the end of October, OPEC-the 13- Arabia agreed to go up from $32 to $34 per Now 21 years old, OPEC is at a crossroads. member Organization of Petroleum Export­ barrel, the effect was to kick up the average Its 13 members-Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, ing Countries-had already increased the price, inasmuch as the desert kingdom pro­ Venezuela, Kuwait, Libya:, Algeria, Ecuador, basic price of crude oil ; and failed to understand meeting in Geneva on Oct. 29 was only an production cuts. On the other hand, they that interest rates, already rising in the interim agreement. signaled to the industrialized world, notably U.S., would discourage oil companies from Having lost about $100 billion in revenues the U.S., that their wishes in military and tying up too much money in building up during 1981 -are earning less. They terminative one. When Sadat was killed on Oct. 6, the therefore pay less in "windfall profits tax," Moreover, it most certainly would international oil market became briefly which may prove damaging to the govern­ not be fair or accurate to infer that frantic, with buyers placing urgent orders ment's budgetary planning. When OPEC the Senator from California . 4232 Dirksen Building to employees. 4232 Dirksen Building 4232 Dirksen Building JANUARY 12, 1982 Fl!!BRUARY 11, 1982 9:30a.m. JANUARY 27, 1982 9:30a.m. Labor and Human Resources 10:00 a.m. Judiciary Employment and Productivity Subcom­ Labor and Human Resources Constitution Subcommittee mittee Investigations and General Oversight Sub­ To resume hearings on S. 1761, amend­ To continue hearings on unemployment committee ing the Voting Rights Act of 1965, to problems in the automobile industry, To hold hearings on problems of drug provide for the application of preclear­ focusing on the need for job opportu­ abuse in the American school system. ance provisions to all States and politi­ nities and training assistance pro­ 4232 Dirksen Building cal subdivisions, and provide for sub­ grams. mission of any changes under the pre­ 4232 Dirksen Building JANUARY 28, 1982 clearance provisions to the appropri­ 9:30a.m. ate U.S. district court. JANUARY 13, 1982 Judiciary 2228 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. Constitution Subcommittee Judiciary To resume hearings on S. 1761, amend­ FEBRUARY 18, 1982 Constitution Subcommittee ing the Voting Rights Act of 1965, to To hold hearings on S. 1761, amending provide for the application of preclear­ 9:30a.m. the Voting Rights Act of 1965, to pro­ ance provisions to all States and politi­ Judiciary vide for the application of preclear­ cal subdivisions, and provide for sub­ Constitution Subcommittee ance provisions to all States and politi­ mission of any changes under the pre­ To resume hearings on S. 1761, amend­ cal subdivisions, and provide for sub­ clearance provisions to the appropri­ ing the Voting Rights Act of 1965, to mission of any changes under the pre­ ate U.S. district court. provide for the application of preclear­ clearance provisions to the appropri­ 2228 Dirksen Building ance provisions to all States and politi­ cal subdivisions, and provide for sub­ ate U.S. district court. Labor and Human Resources 2228 Dirksen Building Labor Subcommittee mission of any changes under the pre­ To hold hearings on S. 1785, increasing clearance provisions to the appropri­ JANUARY 14, 1982 the penalties for violations of the ate U.S. district court. 2228 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. Taft-Hartley Act, requiring immediate removal of certain individuals convict­ Judiciary FEBRUARY 23, 1982 Constitution Subcommittee ed of crimes relating to his official po­ To continue hearings on S. 1761, amend­ sition, broadening the definition of 11:00 a.m. ing the Voting Rights Act of 1965, to the types of positions an individual is Veterans' Affairs provide for the application of preclear­ barred from upon conviction, increas­ To hold hearings on legislative recom­ ance provisions to all States and politi­ ing the time of disbarment from 5 to mendations of the Disabled American cal subdivisions, and provide for sub­ 10 years, escrowing a convicted offi­ Veterans. mission of any changes under the pre­ cial's salary for the duration of his Room to be announced clearance provisions to the appropri­ appeal, and clarifying the jurisdiction ate U.S. district court. of the Department of Labor relating FEBRUARY 25, 1982 2228 Dirksen Building to detecting and investigating criminal 9:30a.m. violations relating to ERISA. Judiciary JANUARY 20, 1982 4232 Dirksen Building Constitution Subcommittee 9:30a.m. To resume hearings on S. 1761, amend­ Judiciary FEBRUARY 4, 1982 ing the Voting Rights Act of 1965, to Constitution Subcommittee 9:30a.m. provide for the application of preclear­ To resume hearings on S. 1761, amend­ Judiciary ance provisions to all States and politi­ ing the Voting Rights Act of 1965, to Constitution Subcommittee cal subdivisions, and provide for sub­ provide for the application of preclear­ To resume hearings on S. 1761, amend­ mission of any changes under the pre­ ance provisions to all States and politi­ ing the Voting Rights Act of 1965, to clearance provisions to the appropri­ cal subdivisions, and provide for sub­ provide for the application of preclear­ ate U.S. district court. mission of any changes under the pre­ ance provisions to all States and politi­ 2228 Dirksen Building clearance provisions to the appropri­ cal subdivisions, and provide for sub­ ate U.S. district court. mission of any changes under the pre­ 2228 Dirksen Building clearance provisions to the appropri­ CANCELLATIONS ate U.S. district court. JANUARY 26, 1982 2228 Dirksen Building DECEMBER 17, 1981 9:30a.m. 10:00 a.m. Labor and Human Resources FEBRUARY 10, 1982 Judiciary Labor Subcommittee 9:30a.m. Immigration and Refugee Policy Subcom­ To resume hearings on S. 1541, amend­ Labor and Human Resources mittee ing the Employee Retirement Income Labor Subcommittee To hold hearings on the impact of immi­ Security Act by simplifying To hold hearings on S. 17 48, exempting gration numbers and the interrelation both reporting and disclosure require­ certain employers from withdrawal of immigration policy and population ments, and the process for employers and plan termination insurance provi­ policy. to provide retirement income to em- sions of title IV of the Employee Re- 5110 Dirksen Building

79-059 Q-85-18 (Pt. 23)