MINISTERIE VAN ONDERWIJS EN VOLKSONTWIKKELING EXAMENBUREAU UNIFORM EINDEXAMEN MULO tevens TOELATINGSEXAMEN VWO/HAVO/NATIN 2008 VAK : ENGELS DATUM:VRIJDAG 04 JULI 2008 TIJD : 07.45 – 09.15 UUR DEZE TAAK BESTAAT UIT 1 TEKST EN 35 VRAGEN. 1 She was the spoiled rich kid who, strange enough, helped her own kidnappers start and 2 continue a campaign of robbery and violence, a careless young upper-class woman whom you 3 would expect to go to fashionable social events. Instead, she got involved with criminals. And 4 when she went on trial for taking part in a 1974 San Francisco bank robbery, Patty Hearst’s 5 attempts to explain it away were ignored by prosecutors and rejected by the jury: she was 6 convicted and served nearly two years in jail. 7 Twenty-five years later, Hearst has changed from leftist wanna-be to earnest victim. Now 8 47 and the mother of two daughters, Hearst has established a fairly successful acting career and 9 last year won a full pardon from Bill Clinton. Soon her rehabilitation will be complete–when 10 she appears in a California courtroom to testify against four of her old friends from the 11 Symbionese Liberation Army who will be on trial for murder, in a case that will depend largely 12 on her truthfulness. 13 The accused are Emily Harris, William Harris, Sara Jane Olson and Michael Bortin, all of 14 whom supposedly took part in a 1975 bank holdup in Carmichael, Calif., in which a customer, 15 Myrna Opsahl, was shot and killed. All four are expected to plead not guilty. Because the 16 Carmichael robbers wore ski masks, the prosecution will depend on Hearst to prove that the 17 accused were there. Hearst, who had become an SLA member calling herself “Tania”, has 18 admitted taking part in the robbery, although she said she was only driving a getaway car. In 19 her version, Emily, Olson and Bortin were inside the bank and William was stationed outside 20 with another SLA member, Steven Soliah. Hearst says Emily directed the stickup and that 21 Emily, carrying a shot-gun later said she shot Opsahl by accident. 22 The question now is whether Hearst, with her admitted involvement in the SLA’s 23 campaign of armed violence, will be a credible witness. The Carmichael case has been 24 gathering dust for 20 years precisely because prosecutors thought her testimony was unreliable. 25 In her book and at her trial in 1976, Hearst said she was forced to become an SLA member 26 because she was beaten and raped while imprisoned for months in a closet in an SLA safe 27 house. Prosecutors didn’t buy it, and neither did the jury that convicted her. James L. 28 Browning, the former federal prosecutor who tried Hearst, says, “It was pretty plain from the 29 evidence that she did everything without being forced. That’s the way I feel about it, and 30 probably her testimony [in the new case] is going to be somewhat unreliable.” 31 William Harris, now in jail, said that Hearst was never hurt physically or mentally, raped or 32 forced. Thinking back, Harris said he thought Hearst’s supporting the SLA cause was a good 33 example of the Stockholm syndrome, in which hostages feel that they can understand and share 34 the feelings of their captors. “We’re accused of brainwashing her,” Harris said. “That’s 35 ridiculous–we didn’t know how to do that.” He said gang members loved Hearst’s change and 36 no one understood what had caused the change in the relationship between the prisoner and her 37 captors. “It was beyond our control and hers,” he said. “We were all swept up in the thing.” 38 Now they hate each other. In a recent interview on CNN, Hearst compared the SLA 39 members to Timothy Mc Veigh and Charles Manson and said they were conducting “their own 40 little jihad” against the United States. Stuart Hanlon, the San Francisco attorney who is 41 representing Emily Harris, says Hearst’s performance was a dishonest attempt to portray herself 42 as a victim. “She has continually used her money, her position, to try to rewrite history,” 43 Hanlon said. “She took no responsibility for anything she ever did.” 44 Hearst’s attorney did not respond to NEWSWEEK’s request for comment. But Michael 45 Latin, the assistant district attorney who prosecuted Olson in a separate case, says he thinks 46 Hearst will be very effective on the stand. For one thing, her credibility problems have 47 diminished over the years–and in this case, unlike her own trial, she does not need to persuade 48 the jurors she is innocent. “She knows the truth,” Latin says. “That is really all that is required.” 49 Because California had no death penalty when the crime was committed, the accused will not 50 face execution if convicted. But they could spend the rest of their lives in prison if the jury 51 believes the woman they call Tania. Adapted from: NEWSWEEK February 4, 2002 Notes: (Line 5) prosecutor – lawyer who leads a case against an accused in a court of law. (Line 7) leftist – a person who supports political parties in favor of social change. (Line 9) rehabilitation – helping somebody to have a normal, useful life again after having been imprisoned for a long time. 1 5 Lines 1-2: “She … woman …” The word “rejected” in line 5 is similar in Which of the following statements about Patty meaning to Hearst is NOT true? A refused to accept. A Her parents probably pampered her. B refused to approve of. B Her parents were probably wealthy. C refused to hear. C She planned and staged her own kidnapping. D refused to listen to. D She was taken away and kept as a prisoner. 6 2 Line 7: “Twenty-five … victim.” Lines 1-3: “She … criminals.” From this line we may conclude that Patty The phrase “strange enough” in line 1 suggests Hearst used to … her leftist kidnappers. the following about Patty Hearst. A advise A It came as a surprise that she had stopped B defend going to fashionable social events. C imitate B It came as a surprise that she had taken part D support in criminal activities. C It came as no surprise that she had been kidnapped. 7 D It came as no surprise that she had started and continued a criminal campaign. Line 7: “Twenty-five … victim.” This line tells us that after twenty-five years Patty 3 Lines 3-4: “And when … robbery … .” A considers herself to be a victim. B has her role changed from wanna-be to These lines indicate that Patty was accused of victim. … a bank robbery. C refuses to consider herself a victim. D refuses to have her role changed from A joining wanna-be to victim. B leading C planning D witnessing 8 Lines 7-9: “Now … Clinton.” 4 Which of the following statements about Patty Lines 4-5: “…Patty…away…” is NOT true? “it” in line 5 refers to A Her acting career can be characterized as A Patty being a careless person. rather successful. B Patty being involved in a crime. B Her acting career can be characterized as C the bank robbery. very impressive. D the trial. C She has a family. D She is an actress. 9 13 Bill Clinton had probably granted Patty full Emily Harris, William Harris, Sara Jane Olson pardon because and Michael Bortin had to stand trial for A she had been a kidnapping victim. A a bank holdup. B she had mended her ways. B establishing the Symbionese Liberation Army. C she had suffered very much. C joining the Symbionese Liberation Army. D she had two daughters to look after. D murder. 10 14 Lines 9-12: “… last year …truthfulness.” We may say the following about Myrna Opsahl. The pardon Patty received from Bill Clinton may be considered A She was an easy target for the Carmichael robbers. A a step closer towards Patty having a normal, B She was an important customer of the useful life again. Carmichael bank. B a step closer towards proving Patty’s C She was targeted by the robbers of the 1975 innocence. bank hold-up. C the final step to complete Patty’s D She was unfortunately in the wrong place rehabilitation. at the wrong time. D the final step to restore Patty’s reputation. 15 11 Lines 15-18: “All four … car.” Lines 9-12: “Soon … truthfulness.” Why did the prosecution depend on Hearst to Patty had to appear in a California courtroom prove that all four were guilty? They knew that A as a member of the Symbionese Liberation Army. A she could know, being accidentally in the B as a witness to a murder by four old friends. bank during the robbery. C to reveal the crimes committed by four old B she had seen them wearing ski masks. friends. C she should know, having taken part in the D to reveal the crimes committed by the robbery. Symbionese Liberation Army. D she was able to recognize them. 12 16 Lines 9-12: “… when she appears … The robbers wore ski masks in order to truthfulness.” These lines indicate that Patty’s truthfulness A confuse the prosecution. when testifying in the murder case is B hide their identity. C look like skiers. A doubted. D look like somebody else. B expected. C important. D unimportant. 17 21 Hearst’s share in the bank hold up was The case had been gathering dust for 20 years because prosecutors A helping the robbers to escape after the hold up.