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CYCLOPEDIA of BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL and ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE P - Palmistry by James Strong & John Mcclintock

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CYCLOPEDIA of BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL and ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE P - Palmistry by James Strong & John Mcclintock THE AGES DIGITAL LIBRARY REFERENCE CYCLOPEDIA of BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL and ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE P - Palmistry by James Strong & John McClintock To the Students of the Words, Works and Ways of God: Welcome to the AGES Digital Library. We trust your experience with this and other volumes in the Library fulfills our motto and vision which is our commitment to you: MAKING THE WORDS OF THE WISE AVAILABLE TO ALL — INEXPENSIVELY. AGES Software Rio, WI USA Version 1.0 © 2000 2 P. Paaneah SEE ZAPHNATH-PAANEAH. Pa’arai (Heb. Paaray’, yri[}Pi, open; Sept. Faraei>, v.r. Faarai`> and [by union with the following word] Oujraioeci>; Vulg. Pharai), “the Arbite,” one of David’s warriors (<102335>2 Samuel 23:35); elsewhere (<131137>1 Chronicles 11:37) more correctly called NAARAI SEE NAARAI (q.v.). Pablo, Christiani a Dominican monk, who flourished in the middle of the 13th century, but of whose early life nothing is known, is noted for his remarkable attainments. In Jewish history and literature Pablo was a party in the famous disputation at Barcelona with the learned Moses Nachmanides (q.v.), which lasted for four days (July 20-24, 1263). This public disputation took place by a decree of James I, king of Aragon, in order to put. a stop to the daily disputes that occurred between the Jews and those Dominican friars who had studied Hebrew and Arabic. The Dominicans were encouraged by their general, Raymund de Penaforte, whose attention was always directed towards the conversion of Jews .and Mohammedans. That Pablo was a convert from Judaism appears from a letter written by pope Clement IV to the king of Aragon, in which he says: “Ad haec autem dilectus filius noster Paulus, dictus Christianus reditur non modicum profuturus, quia ex Judceis trahens originem, et inter eos literis. Hebraeis instructus, linguam novit . et legem et errores illorum.” The disputation referred to was first published, with omissions and interpolations, and a bad Latin translation, by Wagenseil, Tela ignea Satanae (Altorf, 1681). It was then published in the collection of polemical writings entitled hbwj tmjlm, where it is the first of the series, and is called jwkw wlwp yarp µ[ ˆbmrh, The Discussion of Ramban with Fra Paolo (Constantinople, 1710); and recently again by Steinschneider, Nachmanidis Disputatio publica pro fide Judaica (Berlin, 1860), with notes by the editor. Pablo 3 also obtained a decree from the king of Aragon, by which the Jews were enjoined to open to him the doors of their synagogues and houses to dispute with them, to furnish him with all the books necessary to convince them, and to pay the expense of the cartage of his library, by deducting what they disbursed from the tribute they paid to the king. See Basnage, Histoire des Juifs, p. 660 (Taylor’s translation); Gratz, Gesch. d. Juden, 7:131-136, 149; Lindo, History of the Jews, p. 68; Da Costa, Israel and the Gentiles, p. 301 sq; Wolf, Bibl. Hebr. i, 965; iii, 910 sq.; Schmucker, History of the Modern Jews, p. 149; Kalkar, Israel u. die Kirche, p. 24; Jewish Expositor (Lond. 1826), p. 364 sq.; Frankhel’s Monatsschrift fur Geschichte u. Wissenschaft des Judenthums (Breslau, 1865), 14:308 sq.; Huie, History of the Jews (Edinburgh, 1841), p. 126 sq.; Depping, Les Juifs dans le Moyen Age (Bruxelles, 1844), p. 231 sq. (B. P.) Pacareau, Pierre a French prelate of Jansenistic tendency, was born at Bordeaux. Sept. 2, 1716; and after excellent educational advantages, having made himself master of the Romance, the classical, and the Shemitic tongues, he took holy orders. He became at once a popular preacher, and was honored with a canonicate in the metropolitan church of his native place. An earnest sympathizer with the Jansenists, he greeted the changes which the approaching revolution wrought in Church and State, and was elected bishop March 14, 1791, under the new constitution. He took no part in state affairs, and but rarely had occasion to perform the duties of his ecclesiastical office. He died Sept. 5, 1797, at Bordeaux. He was much prized by his contemporaries for his kindness and benevolence. He wrote Nouvelles considerations sur l’usure et le pret az l’interet (Bord. 1787, 8vo). Pacatia’na (Pakatianh>, of Lat. origin), the western district of Phrygia (1 Timothy 6, subscr. [spurious]). SEE PHRYGIA. Pacaud, Pierre a French pulpit orator, was born in Bretagne near the opening of the 17th century, and was early admitted into the Congregation of the Oratory. He very soon became noted as a preacher, and the churches in which he preached were always thronged. In 1745 he published, under the title of 4 Discours de pilet (Paris, 3 vols. 12mo), a series of sermons anonymously. The heretical opinions which they contain made them objectionable to the ecclesiastics, and as soon as it was learned that Pacaud was their author he was sent into the country and subjected to severe treatment. He died May 3, 1760. Pacca, Bartolomeo an Italian prelate of note in secular and ecclesiastical history, was born at Benevento Dec. 15, 1756, of a noble family. After studying at the college in Naples and at the Clementine College in Rome, he entered in 1778 the ecclesiastical school which Pius VI had just then founded. Pacca here gained not only the esteem of his teachers, but he was brought to the notice of the pope, who became so much interested in him that he was ordained archbishop in partibus of Damietta, and was despatched to Cologne as papal nuncio. Abroad the same capacity which distinguished him at school was manifest, and he was frequently instrumental in strengthening papal influence at a time when it was difficult to stay the tide of its decline. In 1794 he returned to Rome, only, however, to assume at once the papal novitiate at Lisbon, and there he remained until 1802. His services to the papal chair in this quarter were so great that in 1801 he was created a cardinal by pope Pius VII, and in 1808 was made a papal minister of state, as successor to Consalvis. In this new position Pacca proved an enthusiast. He urged the pope to unbending resistance against Napoleon, and would suffer the pontiff to listen to no proposals except the most favorable for Rome. When Napoleon gained possession of Rome Pacca was therefore arrested, together with the pope, and imprisoned as a rebel, July 6, 1809. After the Concordat at Fontainebleau in 1813, Pacca was suffered to go free, but his counsel to publish a bull of excommunication made his reimprisonment a necessity, and he was banished to Uzes, until the fall of Napoleon set him free again. He entered Rome May 14, 1814, in the same carriage with the pope, whom he had served so faithfully. In 1815 he was again the companion of the pontiff in his flight from the Eternal City. After the pope’s return to Rome Pacca became a member of the Congregation for Missions in China, and in 1816 was sent on a special mission to Austria. In 1821 he was made bishop of Porto and St. Rufinus. In 1830 he was given the sees of Ostia and Velletri, and was made prodatarius of the holy see, and archpriest of the Basilica of St. John of Lateran. He died April 19, 1844. He was actuated to the last by a strong 5 desire to re-establish the. papacy in its former glory, and was convinced that the power of the pope could be secure only by a firm adherence to the ecclesiastical rights which obtained in the Middle Ages. He was also a great friend of the Jesuits, and it was his influence with the pope that caused their restoration. Pacca narrated his experiences in a most agreeable and skilful manner, under the title Memorie istoriche, etc. (2d ed. Rome, 1830, 3 vols.). He also wrote Relazione del viaggio di pope Pio VII (Rome, 1833), etc. His complete works were published and translated into French and German. See Biographie Universeile, vol. 76, s.v.; Ami de la Religion, Mai, 1844 (Paris); L’Univers (Paris, 1844); Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, s.v.; Biographie Univ. et portat. des Contemporains, vol. v, s.v. Paccanarists SEE BACCANARISTS. Pacchiarotto, Jacopo one of the most distinguished of the old Italian masters in art, was born at Siena in the latter part of the 15th century. He lived at Siena until 1535, when, owing to his participation in a conspiracy of the people against the government, he was compelled to flee. Lanzi says that he would certainly have been hanged had he not been protected by the Osservanti monks, who concealed him for some time in a tomb. He succeeded in making his escape, and joined II Rosso in France, where he in all probability ended his days not very long afterwards, as nothing further is known of him, and he does not appear to have left any works in France. There are still several excellent paintings, both in oil and in fresco, by Pacchiarotto in Siena. There is a beautiful altar-piece in San Cristoforo, and some excellent frescos in Santa Caterilna and San Bernardino. Speth takes particular notice of these frescos in his Art in Italy, and terms Pacchiarotto the second hero of the Sienese school — Razzi, called Sodoma, being the first. Pacchiarotto is also highly praised by Lanzi. In Santa Caterina is the visit of Saint Catharine of Siena to the Body of Saint Agnes of Montepulcian, in which are heads and figures worthy of Raphael. According to Speth these works can be justly compared with Raphael’s alone; and he adds that designating Pacchiarotto as of the school of Perugino is only magnifying the injustice he had already undergone in having his works long reported as the works of Perugino.
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