2018 Census of California Water Transit Services

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Richard M. Kos San Jose State University

Nicholas Frey San Jose State University

Mehedi Chowdhury San Jose State University

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Recommended Citation Richard M. Kos, Nicholas Frey, and Mehedi Chowdhury. "2018 Census of California Water Transit Services" Mineta Transportation Institute Publications (2019).

This Report is brought to you for free and open access by SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mineta Transportation Institute Publications by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Project 1809 February 2019

2018 Census of California Water Transit Services

Richard M. Kos, AICP Nicholas Frey Mehedi Chowdhury

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Disclaimer Brian Michael Jenkins Dave Czerwinski, Ph.D. The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the information presented National Transportation Safety and Marketing and Decision Science Security Center Director herein. This document is disseminated in the interest of information exchange. The report is funded, partially or entirely, by a grant from the U.S. San José State University Department of Transportation’s University Transportation Centers Program. This report does not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the U.S. government, State of California, or the Mineta Transportation Institute, who assume no liability for the contents or use thereof. This report does not constitute a standard specification, design standard, or regulation. REPORT 18-09

2018 CENSUS OF CALIFORNIA WATER TRANSIT SERVICES

Richard M. Kos, AICP Nicholas Frey Mehedi Chowdhury

February 2019

A publication of Mineta Transportation Institute Created by Congress in 1991

College of Business San José State University San José, CA 95192-0219 TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE

1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. 19-01 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date 2018 Census of California Water Transit Services February 2019 6. Performing Organization Code

7. Authors 8. Performing Organization Report Kos, Richard, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6997-7464 Frey, CA-MTI-1809 Nicholas, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4957-0103 Chowdhury, Mehedi, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2528-2337

9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. Mineta Transportation Institute College of Business 11. Contract or Grant No. San José State University 65A0660 San José, CA 95192-0219 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered California Department of Transportation Final Report Division of Research, Innovation and Systems Information 14. Sponsoring Agency Code MS-83, PO Box 942873 Sacramento, CA 94273-0001

15. Supplemental Notes

16. Abstract The U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics conducts a nationwide census of ferry boat operators for the U.S. Department of Transportation and the collected information is used for statistical purposes. The Caltrans Division of Local Assistance has been asked by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to gather data regarding ferry operations under the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21). MAP-21 includes a new formula program for ferry boats and ferry terminal facilities eligible under 23 USC 129(c) which authorizes federal participation in toll roads, bridges, tunnels, and ferries. FHWA has asked that Caltrans assure the ferry boat data is current for MAP-21. The Mineta Transportation Institute was initially contacted by Caltrans to conduct this census in 2012 and a report was delivered later that year. Now the census has been completed with updates through November 2018. The research team collected information from 25 water transportation operators throughout California and produced 42 accompanying maps that depict routes and terminals where the operators provide service. Tabular information for each operator catalogs their number of vessels, passenger counts, fares, seating capacity, route lengths and other data points. Note that a number of operators, de-spite repeated contact via phone and email, chose not to reply. This report organizes water transportation operations into three sections based on California geography: northern California, the Sacramento Delta region; and southern California. A fourth section documents four operators who did not fall within those three geographic regions. The report concludes with a listing of recreational voyage operators (e.g. cruises, fishing trips) that the authors felt did not constitute “water transportation” for the purposes of the detailed census yet may be of interest to those applying a broader definition of water transport.

17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement Water transportation; ferry; No restrictions. This document is available to the public through california; census; passenger The National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161

19. Security Classif. (of this report) 20. Security Classif. (of this page) 21. No. of Pages 22. Price Unclassified Unclassified 79

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2019933023

Mineta Transportation Institute College of Business San José State University San José, CA 95192-0219

Tel: (408) 924-7560 Fax: (408) 924-7565 Email: [email protected]

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022319 iv

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are most grateful for guidance from Bradley Mizuno of the Caltrans Division of Research. Additional Caltrans contributors include:

• Chad Riding, Division of Rail and Mass Transportation

• Ezequiel Castro, Division of Rail and Mass Transportation

• John Pagano, Division of Local Assistance

• Benjamin Loi, Division of Local Assistance

• Bill Huang, Division of Local Assistance

The authors thank MTI staff, including Executive Director Karen Philbrick, Ph.D.; Deputy Executive Director Hilary Nixon, Ph.D.; Research Support Assistant Joseph Mercado; Executive Administrative Assistant Jill Carter; and Editing Press for editorial services.

MTI provided financial support and primary funding for this research was provided by the California Department of Transportation.

DISCLAIMER

The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the information presented herein. This document is disseminated in the interest of information exchange. The report is funded, partially or entirely, by a grant from the California Department of Transportation which assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof.

Mineta Transportation Institute v

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary 1

I. Research Methodology 3

II. 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services in California 5 San Francisco Bay Area Water Transit Services 5 Ferry Operators on San Francisco Bay 7 Sacramento/Delta Area Water Transit Services 43 Ferry operators on the California Delta 44 Ferry Operators in Southern California 54 Additional Water Transportation Operators 69

III. Recreational Water Transit Services in California 75

About the Authors 77

Peer Review 78

Mineta Transportation Institute vi

LIST OF FIGURES

1. Alcatraz Cruises 8

2. Angel Island - Tiburon Ferry 10

3. Blue and Gold Fleet Overview; detailed route maps to follow 12

4. San Francisco Pier 41 - Angel Island 13

5. San Francisco Pier 41 - Sausalito 15

6. San Francisco Pier 41 - Tiburon 17

7. Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District Ferry Overview; detailed route maps to follow 19

8. San Francisco Ferry Building - Larkspur Ferry Terminal 21

9. San Francisco Giants Stadium - Larkspur Ferry Terminal 23

10. San Francisco Ferry Building - Sausalito 24

11. San Francisco Ferry Building - Tiburon 26

12. San Francisco Water Emergency Transportation Authority Overview; detailed route maps to follow 28

13. SF Ferry Building - Harbor Way (WETA) 30

14. SF Ferry Building - Oakland, Jack London Sq. via Alameda, Main St. 32

15. San Francisco Ferry Building - Vallejo via Mare Island 34

16. San Francisco Pier 41 - San Francisco Ferry Building 36

17. South SF - Oakland, Jack London Sq. via Alamdea, Main St. 38

18. San Francisco Water Taxi 40

19. Tideline 41

20. Westar Marine Service Water Taxi 42

21. Ryer Island - Grand Island 45

22. Rio Vista - Ryer Island 46

Mineta Transportation Institute List of Figures vii

23. Venice Island - Empire Tract 47

24. Woodward Island - Upper Jones Tract 49

25. Delta Ferry Authority - Jersey Island - Bradford Island & Webb Tract 51

26. Balboa Island Ferry 55

27. Catalina Express 57

28. Catalina Flyer 59

29. Flagship Cruises 60

30. Island Packers 62

31. Long Beach Transit 63

32. Santa Barbara Water Taxi 65

33. US Water Taxi Service 66

34. Marina Del Rey Water Taxi 67

35. Avila Beach Water Taxi 68

36. Edison Queen - Hiker’s Water Taxi 70

37. Havasu Landing Casino Ferry 71

38. Santa Cruz Port District Water Taxi 72

39. Yurok Ferry Service 74

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LIST OF TABLES

1. Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transit Services by Region 2

2. Summary of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transit Services in the San Francisco Bay Area 6

3. Summary of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transit Services in the Sacramento/Delta Area 43

4. Summary of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transit Services in Southern California 53

5. Recreational Water Transportation Operators in California 75

Mineta Transportation Institute 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This census provides a comprehensive assessment of current ferry operations in the state of California. This work was conducted to assist the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) to comply with requirements in the federal MAP-21 legislation (the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act). MAP-21 is the first multi-year transportation authorization enacted since 2005 and funds surface transportation programs at over $105 billion for fiscal years 2013 and 2014. The Caltrans Division of Local Assistance has been asked by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to gather data regarding ferry operations under MAP-21 since the Act includes a new formula program for ferry boats and ferry terminal facilities eligible under 23 USC 129(c) which authorizes federal participation in toll roads, bridges, tunnels, and ferries. FHWA has asked that Caltrans assure the ferry data is current for MAP-21.

Our first task was to develop a complete listing of all ferry operators in the state.The research revealed that water transit vessels in California provide services beyond what is commonly considered to be traditional “ferry” operations, and this necessitated the creation of three primary classifications of water transit service: commuter, non-commuter, and water taxis. Broadly speaking:

• commuter services are commonly understood as “ferries” and provide essential, “point A to point B” transportation such as traditional vehicle or passenger ferries.

• non-commuter services also provide “point A to point B” service on a scheduled basis but are typically used for recreation and tourism purposes. An example is service to and from Alcatraz Island provided by Alcatraz Cruises, owned by Hornblower.

• water taxis are small vessels that transport passengers on either a fixed-route or non-fixed route basis for on-demand, short-distance trips.

Table 1 provides a summary of the water transportation services in California, organized by region listed at the left. Note that the table is as complete as possible through November 2018, considering that some operators were not forthcoming with needed data.

Mineta Transportation Institute Executive Summary 2

Table 1. Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transit Services by Region Ownership (OW) / Operator Type (OP) Total Number Total Number Total Nautical Total Number Total Number Type of Operators of Vessels Miles of Private Public Commuter 3 23 93.4 OW: 1 / OP: 2 OW: 2 / OP: 1

Non-Commuter 2 7 2.6 OW: 1 / OP: 2 OW: 1 / OP: 0

Bay Area)* Water taxi 4 8 N/A OW: 2 / OP: 3 OW: 1 / OP: 0 San Francisco San

Commuter 3 5 0.88 OW: 4 / OP: 4 OW: 2 / OP: 2

Non-Commuter N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Delta* Water taxi N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Sacramento/

Commuter 5 17 206.9 OW: 4 / OP: 4 OW: 2 / OP: 2

Non-Commuter 2 5 33 OW: 1 / OP: 1 OW: 1 / OP: 1 Southern California* Water taxi 11 27 N/A OW: 6 / OP: 1 OW: 1 / OP: 6

* Some operators in this region provide both “Commuter” and “Non-Commuter” services and are thus double-counted; see individual operator tables for more detail. Also, some operators in this region did not respond to repeated requests for information; table entries reflect data available at the operator’s website.

Section One of this report presents an overview of the research methodology.

Section Two presents tabular summaries and detailed route maps of the water transportation services in California, organized by region, from north to south. This section constitutes the 2018 Census of Water Transit Services that the authors set out to complete.

Since our charge was to conduct an exhaustive search for all water transportation services in California, Section Three provides a listing of additional operators that we discovered during the development of the census; these services are classified as purely recreational in nature. Our research concluded that these services are not directly relevant to the scope and impetus for this census since they provide lake cruises, charter yachts, whale watching adventures, sport fishing, and bay-based “cruises to nowhere.” Also, none of these operators appear to offer fixed route service and all are almost exclusively recreational in nature; therefore, they did not meet the definition of “water transportation” for residents and commuters of our state. However, future researchers might wish to reference this list in terms of possibilities for providing water transportation in cases of major regional emergencies.

Mineta Transportation Institute 3

I. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Our first task was to develop a complete listing of all water transportation operators in the state. To identify an initial set of operator data, we searched the following websites: ferry- service.findthedata.org, angelislandferry.com, balboaislandferry.com, sdhe.com, google. com, takethewave.com, baycrossings.org, sanfranciscobayferry.com, watertransit.org, boatharbors.com and baylinkferry.com. Additionally, a number of website search terms proved useful: “Ferries in California”, “Association of California Ferry Operators”, “(County name) Cruises”, “(County name) Ferry Service”, “Water Taxi Services California”, and “Water Taxi Company”.

The research revealed that water transit vessels in California provide services beyond what is commonly considered to be traditional “ferry” operations, and this necessitated the creation of three primary classifications of water transit service: commuter, non-commuter, and water taxis. Broadly speaking:

• commuter services are commonly understood as “ferries” and provide essential, “point A to point B” transportation such as traditional vehicle or passenger ferries.

• water taxis are small vessels that transport passengers on either a fixed-route or non-fixed route basis for on-demand, short-distance trips.

With the three-tiered classification scheme in place, we contacted each of the water transit operators in the state of California by telephone. Most of the operators gladly participated in this census, although a few did not return our calls despite many repeated efforts and numerous e-mail follow-ups. We have noted missing information where appropriate. Wherever such roadblocks presented themselves, we gathered current information from operator websites to the best of our ability.

For each of the unique operators, we collected the information listed below. A few of these variables were not relevant to particular operators (e.g. capacity for automobiles is not relevant to “water taxis”) so those were omitted wherever appropriate.

• Type of service (commuter, non-commuter, water taxi)

• Operates within (ocean, bay, river)

• Total number of segments

• Segment name (e.g. “Angel Island to Tiburon”) and length in nautical miles

• Advertised fares and regulatory authority

Mineta Transportation Institute Research Methodology 4

• Hours of operation

• Number of vessels

• Seating capacity

• Capacity for automobiles and bicycles

• Passenger boarding statistics and daily trip counts

• Projections for future service expansion, if provided

• Ownership and operator type (public or private)

• Name and contact information for chief executive officer

• Primary contact (name, email address and/or telephone number)

• Website

• Address and latitude/longitude coordinates of terminal locations

Note that the information in this report is as complete as possible through November 2018, considering that some operators were not forthcoming with needed data.

Mineta Transportation Institute 5

II. 2018 CENSUS OF COMMUTER AND NON-COMMUTER WATER TRANSPORTATION SERVICES IN CALIFORNIA

This section of the report presents the results of a census that identified 25 water transportation providers in California. The data collection was conducted in October and November of 2018.

This section is organized by the three geographic regions proceeding north to south: starting with the San Francisco Bay Area, then to the Sacramento/Delta region, then to southern California. Each regional section begins with a map that presents an overview of the services in that region. Following this overview, subsequent pages present tabular summaries for each water transit operator, including detailed maps that show terminal locations and routes.

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA WATER TRANSIT SERVICES

There are a total of eight water transit providers in the San Francisco Bay Area. The major ones are:

• Alcatraz Cruises

• Angel Island – Tiburon Ferry Company

• Blue and Gold Fleet

• Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District

• Water Emergency Transportation Authority

Additional, smaller operators include:

• Tideline Marine Group

• San Francisco Water Taxi Company

• Westar Marine Services Water Taxi

The eight service providers, two of which offer both commuter and non-commuter services (Angel Island-Tiburon Ferry Co. and Blue and Gold Fleet), are summarized in Table 2.

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 6

Table 2. Summary of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transit Services in the San Francisco Bay Area* Ownership (OW) / Operator Type (OP) Total Number of Total Number of Total Nautical Total Number of Total Number of Type Operators* Vessels Miles Private Public Commuter 3 23 93.4 OW: 1 / OP: 2 OW: 2 / OP: 1 Non-Commuter 2 7 2.6 OW: 1 / OP: 2 OW: 1 / OP: 0 Water taxi 4 8** N/A OW: 2 / OP: 3** OW: 1 / OP: 0** * Two operators in this region provide both “commuter” and “non-commuter” services (see individual operator tables for more detail) and thus are double-counted. There are eight unique operators in the region. ** Some operators in this region did not respond to repeated requests for information; table entries reflect data available at the operator’s website.

The figure on page 7 presents an overview of water transit services operating in the San Francisco Bay Area. Following are figures for the five primary operators, accompanied by individual route maps for each of these five operators. The section concludes with the remaining operators not captured in the five primary operator listings.

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 7

FERRY OPERATORS ON SAN FRANCISCO BAY Ferry Operators on San Francisco Bay

Alcatraz Cruises

Angel Island - Tiburon Ferry Co.

Blue and Gold Fleet

Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District Ferry

Water Emergency Transportation Authority

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 8

Alcatraz Island Landing

SF Pier 31

Base Map Credits: Sources: Esri, HERE, Garmin, Intermap, increment P Corp., GEBCO, USGS, FAO, NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster NL, Ordnance Survey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), swisstopo, © OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community

AlcatrazFigure 1. CruisesAlcatraz Cruises

Type, Water Body Non-Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 1 Type, Water Body Non-Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Pier 33, San Francisco, CA Total Operator Segments 1 Alcatraz Island Ferry Terminal, Alcatraz Is. CA

SegmentTerminal Length Location(s) Pier 33,1.8 milesSan Francisco, CA

Advertised fares Alcatraz Island Ferry Terminal, Alcatraz Is. CA SegmentEarly Bird Length R/T, Day R/T: 1.8 miles AdvertisedToddler fares (0-4) Free Child (5-11) $23.25 Early Bird R/T, Day R/T: Jr. (12-17) $38 Toddler (0-4) Free Adult (18-61) $38 Child (5-11) $23.25 Senior $35.75

FamilyJr. (12-17) (2 Adults & 2 Children) $38 $114.75

NightAdult Tour R/T:(18-61) $38 ToddlerSenior (0 -4) $35.75Free ChildFamily (5-11) (2 Adults & 2 Children) $114.75$26.75 Jr. (12-17) $44 Night Tour R/T: Toddler (0-4) Free Child (5-11) $26.75 Jr. (12-17) $44 Adult (18-61) $45 Senior $41.75

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 9

Behind the Scenes Tour R/T: Jr. (12-17) $86 Adult (18-61) $90 Senior $83.75 Alcatraz & Angel Island Tour R/T: Toddler (0-4) Free Child (5-11) $51 Jr. (12-17) $76.25 Adult (18-61) $76.25 Senior $74 Regulation N/A Hours of operation, Daily Trips Mo-Su 8:45AM - 7:40PM (varies), 14 - 21 (varies) Fall & Winter 14 R/T Spring & Summer 21 R/T Number of Operator Vessels 4 Vessels Operating Segment 4 Alcatraz Clipper (127 ft.) Alcatraz Flyer (128 ft.) Hornblower Hybrid (64 ft.) Islander (94 ft.) Vessel Capacity Seating Capacity 155 - 700 Passengers Alcatraz Clipper (700) Alcatraz Flyer (700) Islander (500) Hornblower Hybrid (155) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity None (Bicycles Not Allowed) Boarding statistics 1.7 Million Passengers, 7,422 R/T Plans for future expansion None Owner, Operator Public (NPS), Private (Alcatraz Cruises) CEO Terry MacRae Contact Molly Blaisdell, Press and Media Website https://www.alcatrazcruises.com

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 10

Tiburon, Ferry Terminal

Angel Island, Ayala Cove

FigureAngel 2. Island Angel - Tiburon Island - Tiburon Ferry Ferry

Type, Water Body Non-Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 1 Type, Water Body Non-Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Tiburon, 21 Main Street,Tiburon, CA 94920

Total Operator Segments 1 Angel Is. Ferry Terminal, Ayala Cove Angel Is.

SegmentTerminal Length Location(s) Tiburon,1.2 21 miles Main Street,Tiburon, CA 94920 Advertised fares Angel Is. Ferry Terminal, Ayala Cove Angel Is. SegmentToddlers, Length ages 2 & under 1.2 milesFree (with Paying Adult) AdvertisedSmall Children fares 3-5 $5 Children 6-12 $13 Toddlers, ages 2 & under Free (with Paying Adult) Adults 13-64 $15 Small Children 3-5 $5 Seniors 65 & Over $14

BicyclesChildren 6-12 $13 $1.00

HoursAdults of Operation, 13-64 Daily Trips $15 Mo-Su 10:00AM - 5.20PM (varies), 0 - 8 (varies) JanSeniors-Feb 65 & Over $14 Mo-Fr 0, Sa-Su 4 R/T MarBicycles $1.00 Mo-Tu 0, We-Fr 3, Sa-Su 4 R/T Apr Mo-Tu 2, We-Fr 4, Sa-Su 7 R/T Hours of Operation, Daily Trips Mo-Su 10:00AM - 5.20PM (varies), 0 - 8 (varies) May-Sep Mo-Fr 4, Sa-Su 8 R/T Jan-Feb Mo-Fr 0, Sa-Su 4 R/T Oct Mo-Tu 2, We-Fr 4,Sa-Su 8 R/T Mar Mo-Tu 0, We-Fr 3, Sa-Su 4 R/T Apr Mo-Tu 2, We-Fr 4, Sa-Su 7 R/T May-Sep Mo-Fr 4, Sa-Su 8 R/T Oct Mo-Tu 2, We-Fr 4,Sa-Su 8 R/T Nov-Dec Mo-Fr 0, Sa-Su 4 R/T

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 11

Regulation California Public Utilities Commission Number of Operator Vessels 3 Vessels Operating Segment 3 Angel Island (65 ft) Bonita (60 ft) Tamalpais (59 ft) Vessel Capacity 98 - 342 Passengers Seating Capacity Angel Island (342) Benita (98) Tamalpais (103) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity Angel island (100) Bonita (20-30) Tamalpais (0) Boarding statistics 60-70K Passengers Annually Plans for future expansion None Owner, Operator Private (Angel Island - Tiburon Ferry Co.), same CEO Maggie McDonough, Owner & Captain Contact Maggie McDonough, Owner & Captain Website https://angelislandferry.com/

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 12

FigureBlue and 3. BlueGold and Fleet Gold Overview; Fleet Overview; detailed detailed route route maps maps to followto follow

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 3 Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Pier 41 San Francisco, CA Total Operator Segments 3 Larkspur Ferry Terminal

Terminal Location(s) Pier 41Sausalito San Francisco, Ferry Terminal CA

LarkspurTiburon Ferry Ferry Terminal Terminal Segment Length Sausalito5 Mi, Ferry 20 minutes Terminal Advertised fares TiburonFree Ferry - $12.50 Terminal Regulation California Public Utilities Commission Segment Length 5 Mi, 20 minutes Hours of operation Mo-Su 5:45AM-9:15PM Advertised fares Free - $12.50 Number of Operator Vessels 4 Regulation California Public Utilities Commission Vessel Capacity 149 - 788 Passengers, Varies

HoursBoarding of statistics operation Mo-Su625,000 5:45AM-9:15PM Passengers NumberPlans for futureof Operator expansion Vessels 4 No VesselOwner, OperatorCapacity 149 - 788Private Passengers, (B&G), Same Varies BoardingCEO statistics 625,000Patrick Passengers Murphy, President Contact [email protected] PlansWebsite for future expansion No https://www.blueandgoldfleet.com/ Owner, Operator Private (B&G), Same CEO Patrick Murphy, President Contact [email protected] Website https://www.blueandgoldfleet.com/

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 13

Angel Island, Ayala Cove

San Francisco Pier 41

SanFigure Francisco 4. San Francisco Pier 41 - Pier Angel 41 -Island Angel (BlueIsland and(Blue Gold and GoldFleet) Fleet)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

TotalType, Operator Water SegmentsBody Commuter,3 SF Bay

TerminalTotal Operator Location(s) Segments 3 Pier 41, San Francisco, CA Terminal Location(s) Pier 41,Angel San Is. Francisco,Ferry Terminal, CA Ayala Cove Angel Is. Segment Length Angel 5Is. Mi, Ferry 20 minutes Terminal, Ayala Cove Angel Is. Advertised fares Segment Length 5 Mi, 20 minutes Children under 5 Free Advertised fares Adult $9.75 Children under 5 Free Child (5-11) $5.50

SeniorAdult (65&+) $9.75$5.50

HoursChild of operation, (5-11) Daily Trips $5.50Mo-Fr 9:45am-4:45pm; Sa-Su 9:45am-5:25pm MoSenior-Fr (65&+) $5.503 R/T 1 Arv. SF Pier 41 HoursSa-Su of /operation, Holiday Daily Trips Mo-Fr2 9:45am-4:45pm; R/T 2 Arv. SF Pier Sa-Su41 9:45am-5:25pm Number of Operator Vessels 4 Mo-Fr 3 R/T 1 Arv. SF Pier 41 Vessels Operating Segment 2 Sa-Su / Holiday 2 R/T 2 Arv. SF Pier 41 Bay Monarch Number of Operator Vessels 4 Zelinsky Vessels Operating Segment 2 Bay Monarch Zelinsky

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Vessel Capacity 400-788 Passengers Seating Capacity Bay Monarch (788) Zelinsky (400) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity Accommodates bikes Boarding statistics 100,000 Annual Passengers Plans for future expansion No

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 15

Sausalito

San Francisco Pier 41

FigureSan Francisco 5. San Francisco Pier 41 - Pier Sausalito 41 - Sausalito (Blue and(Blue Gold and Fleet)Gold Fleet)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

TotalType, Operator Water BodySegments Commuter,3 SF Bay

TotalTerminal Operator Location(s) Segments 3 Pier 41, San Francisco, CA Terminal Location(s) Pier 41,Sausalito San Francisco, Ferry Terminal, CA Humboldt & Anchor Street, Sausalito, CA Sausalito Ferry Terminal, Humboldt & Anchor Segment Length 5 miles, 20 minutes Street, Sausalito, CA Advertised fares Segment Length 5 miles, 20 minutes Children under 5 Free Advertised fares Adult $12.50 Children under 5 Free Child (5-11) $7.50

SeniorAdult (65&+) $12.50$7.50

HoursChild of operation, (5-11) Daily Trips $7.50 Mo-Fr 11:20am-6:25pm; Sa-Su 11:10am-7:55pm MoSenior-Fr (65&+) $7.50 4 R/T HoursSa- Suof operation, Daily Trips Mo-Fr 611:20am-6:25pm; R/T Sa-Su 11:10am-7:55pm Number of Operator Vessels 4 Mo-Fr 4 R/T Vessels Operating Segment 2 Sa-Su 6 R/T Royal Star Number of Operator Vessels 4 Zelinsky Vessels Operating Segment 2 Royal Star Zelinsky

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 16

Vessel Capacity 400-650 Passengers Seating Capacity Royal Star (650) Zelinsky (400) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity Accommodates bikes Boarding statistics 250,000 Annual Passengers Plans for future expansion No

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 17

Tiburon

San Francisco Pier 41

FigureSan Francisco 6. San Francisco Pier 41 -Pier Tiburon 41 - Tiburon (Blue and(Blue Gold and Fleet)Gold Fleet)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 3 Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Pier 41, San Francisco, CA Total Operator Segments 3 Tiburon Ferry Terminal, 21 Main Street,Tiburon, Terminal Location(s) Pier 41,CA San94920 Francisco, CA Segment Length Tiburon5 miles,Ferry 20Terminal, minutes 21 Main Street,Tiburon, Advertised fares CA 94920 SegmentChildren Length under 5 5 miles,Free 20 minutes Adult $12.50 Advertised fares Child (5-11) $7.50 Children under 5 Free Senior (65&+) $7.50 Adult $12.50 Hours of operation, Daily Trips Mo-Fr 9:45am-9:15pm; Sa-Su 11:20am-9:15pm

MoChild-Fr (5-11) $7.50 6 R/T

SaSenior-Su (65&+) $7.50 7 R/T HoursNumber of of operation, Operator Vessels Daily Trips Mo-Fr 49:45am-9:15pm; Sa-Su 11:20am-9:15pm VesselsMo-Fr Operating Segment 6 R/T 3 Bay Monarch Sa-Su 7 R/T Gemini Number of Operator Vessels 4 Zelinsky Vessels Operating Segment 3 Bay Monarch Gemini Zelinsky

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 18

Vessel Capacity 149-788 Passengers Seating Capacity Bay Monarch (788) Gemini (149) Zelinsky (400) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity Accommodates bikes Boarding statistics 275,000 Annual Passengers Plans for future expansion No

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 19

FigureGolden 7. GateGolden Bridge, Gate Bridge,Highway Highway and Transportation and Transportation District District Ferry Ferry Overview;Overview; detailed detailed route mapsroute maps to follow to follow

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

TotalType, Operator Water BodySegments Commuter, 4SF Bay TotalTerminal Operator Location(s) Segments 4 Ferry Building, San Francisco, CA Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building,Larkspur San FerryFrancisco, Terminal CA Larkspur FerrySausalito Terminal Ferry Terminal Tiburon Ferry Terminal Sausalito Ferry Terminal AT&T Park, San Francisco, CA Tiburon Ferry Terminal Segment Length 6.3 - 14.5 miles, Varies

Advertised fares AT&T Park,Free San - Francisco,$13.50 Varies CA

SegmentRegulation Length 6.3 - 14.5 milesCalifornia, Varies Public Utilities Commission AdvertisedHours of operation fares Free - $13.50Mo - FrVaries 5:45AM-10:05PM; Sa-Su 9:40AM-8:10PM RegulationNumber of Operator Vessels California Public7 Utilities Commission Vessel Capacity 400 - 750 Passengers, Varies Hours of operation Mo-Fr 5:45AM-10:05PM; Sa-Su 9:40AM-8:10PM Boarding statistics 258,9471 Passengers 2017 FY, 13,759 Avg. Mo. Number of Operator Vessels 7 bikes VesselPlans for Capacity future expansion 400 - 750 Passengers,Yes, increased Varies number of trips BoardingOwner, Operator statistics 258,9471 PassengersPublic (GGT), 2017 Same FY, 13,759 Avg. Mo. bikes Plans for future expansion Yes, increased number of trips Owner, Operator Public (GGT), Same CEO District Board of Directors

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 20

Contact Colin McDermott, Dir. of Op. Golden Gate Ferry Website http://goldengateferry.org/

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 21

Larkspur

San Francisco Ferry Building

FigureSan Francisco 8. San Francisco Ferry Building Ferry Building - Larkspur - Larkspur Ferry Terminal Ferry Terminal (GGT) (GGT)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 4 Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building, San Francisco, CA Total Operator Segments 4 Larkspur Ferry Terminal, 101 E. Sir Francis Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building,Drake Blvd. San Larkspur, Francisco, CA CA Segment Length Larkspur12.95 Ferry miles, Terminal, 30 minutes 101 E. Sir Francis Advertised fares Drake Blvd. Larkspur, CA SegmentChildren Length (4 & under) 12.95 Freemiles , 30 minutes AdvertisedAdult (19 -fares64) $12.00 Senior (65 & Over) / Medicare / Disabled / $6.00 Children (4 & under) Free Youth (5-18)

ClipperAdult (19-64) $12.00$7.75

HoursSenior of operation, (65 & Over) Daily Trips/ Medicare / $6.00 Mo-Fr 5:45AM-10:05PM; Sa-Su 9:40AM-8:10PM

MoDisabled-Fr / Youth (5-18) 20 R/T

SaClipper-Su $7.75 4 R/T HoursNumber of of operation, Operator Vessels Daily Trips Mo-Fr 75:45AM-10:05PM; Sa-Su 9:40AM-8:10PM VesselsMo-Fr Operating Segment 20 R/T4, Typically Multi-Hull / High Speed M.V. Del Norte (135 ft.) Sa-Su 4 R/T M.V. Mendocino (141 ft.) Number of Operator Vessels 7 Vessels Operating Segment 4, Typically Multi-Hull / High Speed M.V. Del Norte (135 ft.) M.V. Mendocino (141 ft.)

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 22

M.V. Napa (143 ft.) M.V. Golden Gate (143 ft.) Vessel Capacity 400-450 Passengers, 15 bikes Seating Capacity M.V. Del Norte (400) M.V. Mendocino (450) M.V. Napa (450) M.V. Golden Gate (450) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity M.V. Del Norte (15) M.V. Mendocino (15) M.V. Napa (15) M.V. Golden Gate (15) Boarding statistics 1,692,741 Passengers 2017 FY, 2984 Avg. Mo. bikes Plans for future expansion Yes, increased number of trips

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 23

Larkspur

SF Giants AT&T Park

FigureSan Francisco 9. San Francisco Giants Stadium Giants Stadium - Larkspur - Larkspur Ferry TerminalFerry Terminal (GGT) (GGT)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 4 Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Larkspur Ferry Terminal, 101 E. Sir Francis Total Operator Segments 4 Drake Blvd. Larkspur, CA Terminal Location(s) LarkspurAT&T Ferry Park Terminal, Ferry Terminal, 101 E.San Sir Francisco Francis CA Segment Length Drake 6.84Blvd. miles, Larkspur, 40-50 minutesCA Advertised fares AT&T Park Ferry Terminal, San Francisco CA SegmentChildren Length (4 & under) 6.84 milesFree, 40-50 minutes Adult (19-64) $12.50 Advertised fares Senior (65) / Medicare / Disabled / Youth (5- $6.25 18)Children (4 & under) Free ClipperAdult (19-64) $12.50$7.00 HoursSenior of operation, (65) / Medicare Daily Trips / Disabled $6.25 Before and after Giants Games & Special / Youth (5-18) Events, typically 1 R/T approximately 90 days/yr NumberClipper of Operator Vessels $7.00 7 Vessels Operating Segment 1, varies based on vessel availability Hours of operation, Daily Trips Before and after Giants Games & Special Vessel Capacity Events,Varies typically based 1 onR/T vessel approximately availability 90 days/yr Boarding statistics 61,394 2017 Fiscal Year Data (service commenced Number of Operator Vessels 7 March 6, 2017), Negligible Monthly bikes VesselsPlans for futureOperating expansion Segment 1, variesYes, based increased on vessel trips, esp. availability to serve Chase Center Vessel Capacity Varies based on vessel availability Boarding statistics 61,394 2017 Fiscal Year Data (service commenced March 6, 2017), Negligible Monthly bikes Plans for future expansion Yes, increased trips, esp. to serve Chase Center

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 24

Sausalito

San Francisco Ferry Building

FigureSan Francisco 10. San Francisco Ferry Building Ferry Building - Sausalito - Sausalito (GGT) (GGT)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Total Operator Segments 4 Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building, San Francisco, CA Total Operator Segments 4 Sausalito Ferry Terminal, Humboldt & Anchor Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building,Street, Sausalito, San Francisco, CA CA Segment Length Sausalito6.33 Ferry miles, Terminal,40-50 minutes Humboldt & Anchor Advertised fares Street, Sausalito, CA SegmentChildren Length (4 & under) 6.33 milesFree , 40-50 minutes AdvertisedAdult (19 -fares64) $12.00 Senior (65) / Medicare / Disabled / Youth (5- $6.25 Children (4 & under) Free 18)

ClipperAdult (19-64) $12.00$6.75

HoursSenior of operation, (65) / Medicare Daily Trips / Disabled $6.25 Mo-Fr 7:10AM-8:20PM; Sa-Su 10:40AM-7:15PM

Mo/ Youth-Fr (5-18) 8 R/T

SaClipper-Su $6.75 6 R/T HoursNumber of of operation, Operator Vessels Daily Trips Mo-Fr 77:10AM-8:20PM; Sa-Su 10:40AM-7:15PM VesselsMo-Fr Operating Segment 8 R/T 4, Typically Mono-Hull M.S. Golden Gate (115 ft.) Sa-Su 6 R/T M.S. Marin (169 ft.) Number of Operator Vessels 7 Vessels Operating Segment 4, Typically Mono-Hull M.S. Golden Gate (115 ft.) M.S. Marin (169 ft.)

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 25

M.S. Sonoma (169 ft.) M.S. San Francisco (169 ft.) Vessel Capacity 575-750 Passengers, 25 - 100 bikes Seating Capacity M.S. Golden Gate (575) M.S. Marin (750) M.S. Sonoma (630) M.S. San Francisco (630) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity M.S. Golden Gate (Allowed) M.S. Marin (100 M.S. Sonoma (25) M.S. San Francisco (25) Boarding statistics 768,942 Annual Passengers, 10,775 Monthly bikes Plans for future expansion None

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 26

Tiburon

San Francisco Ferry Building

FigureSan Francisco 11. San Francisco Ferry Building Ferry Building - Tiburon - Tiburon (GGT) (GGT)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 4 Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building, San Francisco, CA Total Operator Segments 4 Tiburon Ferry Terminal, 21 Main Street,Tiburon, Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building,CA 94920 San Francisco, CA Segment Length Tiburon6.84 Ferry miles, Terminal, 40-50 minutes 21 Main Street,Tiburon, Advertised fares CA 94920 SegmentChildren Length (4 & under) 6.84 milesFree , 40-50 minutes Adult (19-64) $12.50 Advertised fares Senior (65) / Medicare / Disabled / Youth (5- $6.25 18)Children (4 & under) Free

ClipperAdult (19-64) $12.50$7.00 HoursSenior of operation, (65) / Medicare Daily Trips / Disabled $6.25 Mo-Fr 5:30AM - 8:35PM Mo/ Youth-Fr (5-18) 7 R/T

SaClipper-Su $7.00 0 R/T HoursNumber of of operation, Operator Vessels Daily Trips Mo-Fr 75:30AM - 8:35PM VesselsMo-Fr Operating Segment 7 R/T 4, Typically Mono-Hull M.S. Golden Gate (115 ft.) Sa-Su 0 R/T M.S. Marin (169 ft.) Number of Operator Vessels 7 Vessels Operating Segment 4, Typically Mono-Hull M.S. Golden Gate (115 ft.) M.S. Marin (169 ft.)

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 27

M.S. Sonoma (169 ft.) M.S. San Francisco (169 ft.) Vessel Capacity 575-750 Passengers, 25 - 100 bikes Seating Capacity M.S. Golden Gate (575) M.S. Marin (750) M.S. Sonoma (630) M.S. San Francisco (630) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity M.S. Golden Gate (Allowed) M.S. Marin (100 M.S. Sonoma (25) M.S. San Francisco (25) Boarding statistics 61,394 Passengers 2017 Fiscal Year Data (service commenced March 6, 2017), Negligible Monthly bikes Plans for future expansion None

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 28

FigureSan Francisco 12. San Francisco Water Emergency Water Emergency Transportation Transportation Authority Authority (WETA) (WETA) Overview;Overview; detailed detailed route routemaps maps to follow to follow

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay TotalType, Operator Water BodySegments Commuter,9 SF Bay TotalTerminal Operator Location(s) Segments 9 Ferry Building, San Francisco, CA SF Pier 41 Terminal, San Francisco Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building, San Francisco, CA AT&T Park Terminal, San Francisco SF Pier 41 Terminal, San Francisco Jack London Sq. Terminal, Oakland AT&T Park Terminal, San Francisco Main St. Terminal, Alameda

Jack LondonHarbor Bay Sq. Ferry Terminal, Terminal, Oakland Alameda

Main St.Vallejo Terminal, Terminal, Alameda Vallejo HarborMare Bay Island Ferry Terminal, Terminal, Vallejo Alameda VallejoSouth Terminal, SF Terminal, Vallejo South San Francisco Segment Length 7.5 - 26 miles, 25 - 60 minutes., Varies Mare Island Terminal, Vallejo Advertised fares $0.80 - $14.60, Varies South SF Terminal, South San Francisco Regulation Self Regulated Segment Length 7.5 - 26 miles, 25 - 60 minutes., Varies Hours of operation Mo-Fr 6:00AM - 9:25PM Sa-Su 9:45AM - 8:10PM

AdvertisedNumber of Operator fares Vessels $0.80 12- $14.60, Varies

RegulationVessel Capacity Self Regulated199 - 445 Passengers, Varies Hours of operation Mo-Fr 6:00AM - 9:25PM Sa-Su 9:45AM - 8:10PM Number of Operator Vessels 12 Vessel Capacity 199 - 445 Passengers, Varies

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 29

Boarding statistics 3.1 Million Passengers Annually Plans for future expansion Yes, increased number of trips and terminals Owner, Operator Public (Water Emergency Transit Authority, WETA), Private (Blue and Gold Fleet) CEO Nina Rannells, Executive Director Contact Thomas Hall, Public Information & Marketing Website https://weta.sanfranciscobayferry.com

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 30

San Francisco Ferry Building

Harbor Bay, Alameda

FigureSF Ferry 13. BuildingSF Ferry -Building Harbor -Bay Harbor (WETA) Way (WETA)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Total Operator Segments 9 Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building, San Francisco, CA Total Operator Segments 9 Harbor Bay Ferry Terminal, 215 Adelphian Way, Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building,Alameda, CASan 94502 Francisco, CA Segment Length Harbor8.5 Bay miles, Ferry 25 minutesTerminal, 215 Adelphian Way, Advertised fares Alameda, CA 94502 SegmentAdult (cash Length fare) 8.5 miles,$7.30 25 minutes AdvertisedAdult Clipper fares Card $5.50 Youth (5-18 years), Seniors (65 & over), $3.60 Adult (cash fare) $7.30 Disabled

ChildrenAdult Clipper (5 & under) Card $5.50FREE (when accompanied by an adult)

SchoolYouth Groups(5-18 years), Seniors $3.60$2.40

Hours(65 of & operation, over), Disabled Daily Trips Mo-Fr 6:30AM - 7:30PM, Sa-Su 0

MoChildren-Fr (5 & under) FREE 7(when R/T accompanied by an adult) SaSchool-Su Groups $2.400 HoursNumber of of operation, Operator Vessels Daily Trips Mo-Fr 126:30AM - 7:30PM, Sa-Su 0 Vessels Operating Segment 4 Mo-Fr 7 R/T Sa-Su 0 Number of Operator Vessels 12 Vessels Operating Segment 4

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 31

Intintoli (135.5ft.) Mare Island (135.5ft.) Solano (135.5ft.) Vallejo (110.6ft.) Vessel Capacity 267 - 349 Passengers, 10 bikes Seating Capacity Intintoli (349) Mare Island (330) Solano (320) Vallejo (267) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity Intintoli (10) Mare Island (10) Solano (10) Vallejo (10) Boarding statistics 266,304 Passengers (2014-15) Plans for future expansion None

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 32

San Francisco Jack London Ferry Building Sq., Oakland

Main St., Alameda

FigureSF Ferry 14. BuildingSF Ferry - Building Oakland, - Oakland, Jack London Jack London Sq. via Alameda,Sq. via Alameda, Main St. Main (WETA) St.

Type, Water (WETA)Body Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 9 Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building, San Francisco, CA Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Jack London Sq. Terminal, Oakland, 10 Clay St, Total Operator Segments 9 Oakland, CA Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building,Alameda Main San Street Francisco, Terminal, CA 2990 Main St, Alameda, CA Jack London Sq. Terminal, Oakland, 10 Clay St, Segment Length 8 miles, 25 minutes. Oakland, CA Advertised fares Alameda Main Street Terminal, 2990 Main St, Adult Alameda,$7 CA Adult Clipper Card $5.50 Segment Length 8 miles, 25 minutes. Youth (5-18 years) $3.50 Advertised fares Seniors (65 & over), Disabled $3.50 Adult $7 Children (5 & under) FREE (when accompanied by an adult)

SchoolAdult Clippergroups Card $5.50 $2.30

ShortYouth Hop (5-18 (disembark years) Alameda) Adult $3.50 $1.70 ShortSeniors Hop (65 (disembark & over), Alameda) Disabled Youth, $3.50 $0.80 Senior, Disabled Children (5 & under) FREE (when accompanied by an adult) School groups $2.30 Short Hop (disembark Alameda) $1.70 Adult Short Hop (disembark Alameda) $0.80 Youth, Senior, Disabled

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 33

Hours of operation, Daily Trips Mo-Fr 6:00AM - 9:25PM, Sa-Su 9:45AM - 8:10PM Mo-Fr 20 arv. SF, 22 arv. OAK Sa-Su 7 R/T Number of Operator Vessels 12 Vessels Operating Segment 4 Peralta (121.4 ft.) Encinal (89.9 ft.) Gemini (117.8ft.) Taurus (117.8ft.) Vessel Capacity 199 - 395 Passengers, 20 - 34 bikes Seating Capacity Peralta (331) Encinal (395) Gemini (225) Taurus (199) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity Peralta (20) Encinal (20) Gemini (34) Taurus (34) Boarding statistics Annual (2014-15) Passengers 911,473 (Oakland and Alameda Main St.) Plans for future expansion None

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 34

Mare Island Vallejo

San Francisco Ferry Building

FigureSan Francisco 15. San Francisco Ferry Building Ferry Building - Vallejo - Vallejovia Mare via Island Mare Island (WETA) (WETA)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 9 Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building,, San Francisco, CA Total Operator Segments 9 Vallejo Terminal, 289 Mare Island Way, Vallejo, Terminal Location(s) Ferry Building,,CA 94590 San Francisco, CA VallejoMare Terminal, Island Terminal,289 Mare 1050 Island Nimitz Way, Avenue, Vallejo, Vallejo, CA 94592 CA 94590 Segment Length 26 miles, 55 minutes Mare Island Terminal, 1050 Nimitz Avenue, Advertised fares Vallejo, CA 94592 Adult $14.60 Segment Length 26 miles, 55 minutes Adult Clipper Card $11.00 Advertised fares Youth (5-18) $7.30

SeniorsAdult (65&+), Disabled $14.60$7.30

ChildrenAdult Clipper (5 & under) Card $11.00FREE (when accompanied by an adult)

ShortYouth Hop (5-18) (disembark Mare Island) $7.30 $1.70 ShortSeniors Hop (65&+), (disembark Disabled Mare Island) Youth,$7.30 $0.80 Senior, Disabled Children (5 & under) FREE (when accompanied by an adult) Monthly Pass $366 SchoolShort Hopgroups (disembark Mare $1.70 $4.80 Island) Short Hop (disembark Mare $0.80 Island) Youth, Senior, Disabled Monthly Pass $366 School groups $4.80

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 35

Hours of operation, Daily Trips Mo-Fr 5:10AM - 7:10 PM, Sa-Su 10AM - 6:30PM Mo-Fr, 14 arv. SF, 13 arv. VAL Sa-Su 5 R/T Number of Operator Vessels 12 Vessels Operating Segment 4 Intintoli (135.5ft.) Mare Island (135.5ft.) Solano (135.5ft.) Vallejo (110.6ft.) Vessel Capacity 267 - 349 Passengers, 10 bikes Seating Capacity Intintoli (349) Mare Island (330) Solano (320) Vallejo (267) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity Intintoli (10) Mare Island (10) Solano (10) Vallejo (10) Boarding statistics Annual (2014-15) Passengers 858,665 (Vallejo and Mare Island) Plans for future expansion None

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 36

SF Pier 41

San Francisco Ferry Building

FigureSan Francisco 16. San Francisco Pier 41 - PierSan 41 Francisco - San Francisco Ferry BuildingFerry Building (WETA) (WETA)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 9 Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) Pier 41, San Francisco, CA Total Operator Segments 9 Ferry Building, San Francisco, CA

TerminalSegment Length Location(s) Pier 41,2 miles San Francisco, CA

Advertised fares Ferry Building, San Francisco, CA SegmentChildren Length under 5 2 milesFree AdvertisedShort Hop fares (disembark SF Pier 41 $1.70 or SF Ferry Building) ShortChildren Hop (disembarkunder 5 SF Pier 41 Free $0.80 orShort SF Ferry Hop Building) (disembark Senior, SF Disabled Pier 41 $1.70 Hoursor ofSF operation, Ferry Building) Daily Trips Mo-Fr 10:50am-8:05pm; Sa-Su 10:25am-6:50pm MoShort-Fr Hop (disembark SF Pier 41 $0.80 7 arv. SF Pier 41, 8 arv. SF Ferry Building Saor- SFSu Ferry Building) Senior, 9 arv. SF Pier 41, 9 arv. SF Ferry Building

NumberDisabled of Operator Vessels 12

HoursVessels of Operating operation, Segment Daily Trips Mo-Fr Varies10:50am-8:05pm; Sa-Su 10:25am-6:50pm VesselMo-Fr Capacity 7 arv. VariesSF Pier 41, 8 arv. SF Ferry Building SeatingSa-Su Capacity 9 arv. VariesSF Pier 41, 9 arv. SF Ferry Building Vehicle Capacity None Number of Operator Vessels 12 Vessels Operating Segment Varies Vessel Capacity Varies

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 37

Seating Capacity Varies Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity Varies Boarding statistics N/A Plans for future expansion None Note: This segment operates as a subsegment of several WETA routes, serving as an secondary terminal in San Francisco in addition to the SF Ferry Building. The route therefore exists only as a service augmentation to the main WETA Routes: SF Ferry Building to Oakland / Alameda and SF Ferry Building to Vallejo / Mare Island.. Times and vessels are based on the schedules of these other WETA Routes.

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 38

Jack London Sq., Oakland

Main St., Alameda

South San Francisco

FigureSouth 17. SF South- Oakland, SF - Oakland, Jack London Jack London Sq. via Sq. Alameda, via Alamdea, Main Main St. (WETA) St. (WETA)

Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay

Total Operator Segments 9 Type, Water Body Commuter, SF Bay Terminal Location(s) South San Francisco Terminal, 911 Marina Blvd., Total Operator Segments 9 South San Francisco, CA 94080 Terminal Location(s) South JackSan LondonFrancisco Sq. Terminal, Oakland, 911 Marina 10 Clay Blvd., St, South Oakland,San Francisco, CA CA 94080 Jack LondonAlameda Sq. Main Terminal, Street Terminal, Oakland, 2990 10 Main Clay St, St, Alameda, CA Oakland, CA Segment Length 15 miles, 45 minutes Alameda Main Street Terminal, 2990 Main St, Advertised fares Alameda, CA Adult $8.80 Segment Length 15 miles, 45 minutes Adult Clipper Card $7.90 Advertised fares Youth (5-18) $4.40

SeniorsAdult (65&+), Disabled $8.80 $4.40

ChildrenAdult Clipper (5 & under) Card $7.90 FREE (when accompanied by an adult) SchoolYouth Groups(5-18) $4.40 $2.90 ShortSeniors Hop (65&+), (disembark Disabled Alameda) $4.40 $1.70 Short Hop (disembark Alameda) Senior, $0.80 Children (5 & under) FREE (when accompanied by an adult) Disabled School Groups $2.90 Short Hop (disembark Alameda) $1.70 Short Hop (disembark Alameda) $0.80 Senior, Disabled

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 39

Hours of operation, Daily Trips Mo-Fr: 6:25 am - 8:35 pm; Sa-Su: No Service Mo-Fr 3 R/T Sa-Su No Service Number of Operator Vessels 12 Vessels Operating Segment 2 Pisces (117.8ft.) Gemini (117.8ft.) Vessel Capacity 225 Passengers, 34 bikes Seating Capacity Pisces (225) Gemini (225) Vehicle Capacity None Bicycle Capacity Pisces (34) Gemini (34) Boarding statistics Annual (2014-15) Passengers 112,000 (Oakland and Alameda Main St.) Plans for future expansion None

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 40

Hyde Street Fisherman’s Wharf Pier Pier 39

Exploratorium Pier 15

Pier 1-1/2

Pier 40

FigureSan Francisco 18. San Francisco Water Taxi Water Taxi

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, SF Bay Total Operator Segments 1 Terminal Location(s) Stops at Exploratorium, Pier 1.5, Pier 39, Pier 40, and Hyde Street Pier Advertised fares $10 All day; $5 Locals on weekdays; $5 ages 17 & under; Free ages 4 & under Regulation Port of San Francisco Hours of operation, Daily Trips Monday – Friday 8:00 am – 8:00 pm; Weekends 10:30 am to 7:00 pm Total number of vessels 7 Seating Capacity 6 - 20 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A (Bicycles Allowed) Boarding statistics ~ 15,000 – 20,000 (2017) Plans for future expansion Yes Owner, Operator Private, Private CEO Dave Thomas Contact Dave Thomas 415-926-1114 sfwatertaxi@ yahoo.com Website http://sanfranciscowatertaxi.org

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 41

Berth 9

Pier 50

FigureTideline 19. Tideline

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, SF Bay Total Operator Segments 1 Segment names & length (nautical miles) Pier 50 (SF); Berth 9 (Oakland) (5.2 nmi) Advertised fares N/A Regulation California Public Utilities Hours of operation, Daily Trips Monday – Friday 7:30 am – 9:20 am; 4:00 pm to 5:50 pm Total number of vessels N/A Seating Capacity N/A Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics N/A Plans for future expansion N/A Owner, Operator Private, Private CEO Ryan Craves 415-339-0196 Contact Ryan Craves 415-339-0196 Website https://www.tidelinetickets.com/ Note: Operator did not respond to repeated requests for information; table entries reflect data retrieved at operator’s website.

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 42

Angel Island

Alcatraz Island

Berth 9

Jack London Square

Pier 50

WestarFigure 20. Marine Westar Services Marine Service Water WaterTaxi Taxi

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, SF Bay Total Operator Segments 1 Segment names & length (nautical miles) Pier 50 (SF); Berth 9 (Oakland); Angel Island; Alcatraz; Jack London Square Advertised fares $315/hr Regulation California Public Utilities Hours of operation, Daily Trips 24/7/365 Total number of vessels 6 Seating Capacity 28-49 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics 15 average daily trips Plans for future expansion N/A Owner, Operator Private, Private CEO Ryan Craves 415-339-0196 Contact Eric 415-495-3191 Website https://www.westarmarineservices.com/

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SACRAMENTO/DELTA AREA WATER TRANSIT SERVICES

There are three primary water transit operators in the Sacramento/Delta area:

• Caltrans Water Transit Services

• San Joaquin County Dept. of Public Works

• Delta Authority

These providers are summarized in Table 3.

Table 3. Summary of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transit Services in the Sacramento/Delta Area Ownership (OW) / Operator Type (OP) Total Number Total Number Total Nautical Total Number of Total Number of Type of Operators of Vessels Miles Private Public Commuter 3 5 0.88 OW: 4 / OP: 4 OW: 2 / OP: 2 Non-Commuter N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Water taxi N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A ** Some operators in this region did not respond to repeated requests for information; table entries reflect data available at the operator’s website.

The figure on the next page presents an overview of water transit services operating in the Sacramento Delta Area. Following are figures for the each of the routes service by these operators.

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 44

FERRY OPERATORS ON THE CALIFORNIA DELTA Ferry Operators on the California Delta

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 45

Ryer Island

Grand Island

FigureRyer Island 21. Ryer - Grand Island Island - Grand (Caltrans) Island (Caltrans)

Type, Water Body Commuter, River Total Operator Segments 2 Type, Water Body Commuter, River Terminal Location(s) East Ryer Rd. at CA Hwy 220 Total Operator Segments 2 Grand Island Rd. at CA Hwy 220

TerminalSegment Length Location(s) East Ryer400 Feet,Rd. at3 minutes.CA Hwy 220

Advertised fares GrandFree Island Rd. at CA Hwy 220 SegmentRegulation Length 400 Feet,Caltrans 3 minutes . AdvertisedHours of operation, fares Daily Trips Free 24/7, 200 - 300 R/T RegulationNumber of Operator Vessels Caltrans2 Vessels Operating Segment 1, J-Mack (92 ft.) Hours of operation, Daily Trips 24/7, 200 - 300 R/T Seating Capacity N/A (Pedestrians Allowed) Number of Operator Vessels 2 Vehicle Capacity 6 Vehicles

VesselsBicycle Operating Capacity Segment 1, J-MackN/A (Bicycles(92 ft.) Allowed)

SeatingBoarding Capacitystatistics N/A (Pedestrians96,589 Vehicles Allowed) (Fiscal 2017-2018) PlansVehicle for future Capacity expansion 6 VehiclesNone Owner,Bicycle Operator Capacity N/A (BicyclesPublic (Caltrans), Allowed) same BoardingCEO statistics 96,589Tony Vehicles Tavares, (Fiscal Caltrans 2017-2018) Dist. 4 Dir. Contact Vince Jacala, Caltrans Dist. 4 Pub. Affairs Plans for future expansion None Website http://www.dot.ca.gov/d4/deltaferries/ Owner, Operator Public (Caltrans), same CEO Tony Tavares, Caltrans Dist. 4 Dir. Contact Vince Jacala, Caltrans Dist. 4 Pub. Affairs Website http://www.dot.ca.gov/d4/deltaferries/

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 46

Rio Vista Ryer Terminal Island

FigureRio Vista 22. -Rio Ryer Vista Island - Ryer (Caltrans) Island (Caltrans)

Type, Water Body Commuter, River

Total Operator Segments 2 Type, Water Body Commuter, River Terminal Location(s) Hwy 84, Rio Vista CA Total Operator Segments 2 Ryer Island East Landing

TerminalSegment Length Location(s) Hwy 84,800 Rio ft., 6Vista minutes. CA

Advertised fares Ryer IslandFree East Landing SegmentRegulation Length 800 ft.,Caltrans 6 minutes . AdvertisedHours of operation, fares Daily Trips Free 24/7, 72 R/T Number of Operator Vessels 2 Regulation Caltrans Vessels Operating Segment 1, Real McCoy II (88ft) Hours of operation, Daily Trips 24/7, 72 R/T Seating Capacity N/A (Pedestrians Allowed) Number of Operator Vessels 2 Vehicle Capacity 8 Vehicles

VesselsBicycle Operating Capacity Segment 1, RealN/A McCoy (Bicycles II (88ft) Allowed)

SeatingBoarding Capacitystatistics N/A (Pedestrians96,270 Vehicles Allowed) (Fiscal 2017-2018) PlansVehicle for future Capacity expansion 8 VehiclesNone Owner,Bicycle Operator Capacity N/A (BicyclesPublic (Caltrans), Allowed) same CEO Tony Tavares, Caltrans Dist. 4 Dir. Boarding statistics 96,270 Vehicles (Fiscal 2017-2018) Contact Vince Jacala, Caltrans Dist. 4 Pub. Affairs PlansWebsite for future expansion None http://www.dot.ca.gov/d4/deltaferries/ Owner, Operator Public (Caltrans), same CEO Tony Tavares, Caltrans Dist. 4 Dir. Contact Vince Jacala, Caltrans Dist. 4 Pub. Affairs Website http://www.dot.ca.gov/d4/deltaferries/

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 47

Venice Island

Empire Tract

FigureVenice 23. Island Venice - Empire Island - TractEmpire (San Tract Joaquin (San Joaquin County) County)

Type, Water Body Commuter, River Type, Water Body Commuter, River Total Operator Segments 1 Total Operator Segments 1 Terminal Location(s) Empire Tract Terminal, Correia Rd. at Eight Mile Terminal Location(s) EmpireRd., Tract San Terminal, Joaquin County, Correia CA Rd. at Eight Mile Rd., SanVenice Joaquin Island County,Terminal CA Segment Length Venice600 Island Feet Terminal SegmentAdvertised Lengthfares 600 FeetFree AdvertisedRegulation fares Free San Joaquin County Hours of operation, Daily Trips Mo-Su 6:45am-6:15pm, varies Regulation San Joaquin County Number of Operator Vessels 1 Hours of operation, Daily Trips Mo-Su 6:45am-6:15pm, varies Vessels Operating Segment Vessel # 16 Number of Operator Vessels 1 Seating Capacity 7 Pedestrians

VesselsVehicle Operating Capacity Segment Vessel1 #Vehicles 16

SeatingBicycle Capacity Capacity 7 PedestriansBicycles Allowed BoardingVehicle statistics Capacity 1 VehiclesN/A PlansBicycle for future Capacity expansion BicyclesNo Allowed Owner, Operator Public (San Joaquin County), (Private) Boarding statistics N/A Reclamation District 2072 Plans for future expansion No Owner, Operator Public (San Joaquin County), (Private) Reclamation District 2072

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CEO N/A Contact San Joaquin County Public Works Dept. Website https://www.sjgov.org/department/pwk/default Note: Due to the planned replacement of the Woodward Island Service with a bridge scheduled for Fall 2019 completion. Vessel number 12 will be moved and maintained as back up for Venice Island Service.

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 49

Upper Jones Tract

Woodward Island

FigureWoodward 24. Woodward Island - UpperIsland - Jones Upper TractJones (SanTract Joaquin(San Joaqiun County) County)

Type, Water Water Body Body Commuter,Commuter, River River

Total Operator Operator Segments Segments 1 1 Terminal Location(s) Location(s) UpperUpper Jones Jones Tract Tract Terminal, Terminal, Bacon Bacon Island Island Rd Rd Stockton,Stockton, CA CA WoodwardWoodward Island Island Terminal Terminal Segment Length 550 Feet Segment Length 550 Feet Advertised fares Free Advertised fares Free Regulation San Joaquin County Regulation San Joaquin County Hours of operation, Daily Trips Mo-Su 6:45am-6:15pm, varies

HoursNumber of of operation, Operator Vessels Daily Trips Mo-Su1 6:45am-6:15pm, varies

NumberVessels Operating of Operator Segment Vessels 1 Vessel # 16 VesselsSeating Capacity Operating Segment Vessel7 #Pedestrians 16 SeatingVehicle Capacity Capacity 7 Pedestrians1 Vehicles Bicycle Capacity Bicycles Allowed Vehicle Capacity 1 Vehicles Boarding statistics N/A Bicycle Capacity Bicycles Allowed Plans for future expansion Replacement Boarding statistics N/A Plans for future expansion Replacement Owner, Operator Public (San Joaquin County), (Private) Reclamation District 2072 CEO N/A

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Contact San Joaquin County Public Works Dept. Website https://www.sjgov.org/department/pwk/default Note: Planned replacement of service with a bridge is scheduled for Fall 2019 completion. The vessel will be moved and maintained as back up for Venice Island Service.

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Bradford Webb Island Tract

Jersey Island

FigureDelta Ferry25. Delta Authority Ferry Authority - Jersey - IslandJersey Island- Bradford - Bradford Island Island & Webb & Webb Tract Tract

Type, Water Body Commuter, River

Total Operator Segments 1 Type, Water Body Commuter, River Terminal Location(s) Jersey Island Terminal, Oakley, CA Total Operator Segments 1 Bradford Island Terminal

Terminal Location(s) JerseyWebb Island Tract Terminal, Terminal Oakley, CA

Segment Length Bradford3,000 Island Feet Terminal Advertised fares Webb Tract Terminal Segment Length 3,000 $200/hrFeet for On Call Service Monthly Fee to residents for pass Advertised fares Vehicles $7.75 for first 2 axles, additional $7.75 per axle $200/hrR/T for On Call Service

Regulation MonthlyBradford Fee to Island residents Levee forImprovement pass District VehiclesHours of operation, Daily Trips $7.75 Mofor- Frfirst 9am 2 -11am,axles, 1pmadditional-5pm; Sa $7.75 8am- 12an;per axle Su R/T 11am-3pm RegulationMo-Fr Bradford8 R/T Island Levee Improvement District Sa-Su 5 R/T Hours of operation, Daily Trips Mo-Fr 9am-11am, 1pm-5pm; Sa 8am-12an; Su Number of Operator Vessels 1 11am-3pm Vessels Operating Segment Victory II Ferry (57.8Ft) Mo-Fr 8 R/T Seating Capacity Pedestrians Allowed, but rare Sa-Su 5 R/T Number of Operator Vessels 1 Vessels Operating Segment Victory II Ferry (57.8Ft)

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Seating Capacity Pedestrians Allowed, but rare Vehicle Capacity 12 Vehicles Bicycle Capacity Bicycles Allowed, but rare Boarding statistics Vehicles, 4236 Passengers, 919 Trailers Plans for future expansion None Owner, Operator Bradford Island Levee Improvement District CEO Robert Davies, President/Treasurer of the Bradford Island Levee Improvement District Contact Dave Forkel, Delta Ferry Authority, (510) 693-9977 Website https://bradfordisland.com/ferry-info/

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 53

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WATER TRANSIT SERVICES

There are ten primary water transit operators in Southern California:

• Balboa Island

• Catalina Express

• Catalina Flyer

• Flagship Cruises

• Island Packers

• Long Beach Transit

• Santa Barbara Water Taxi

• US Water Taxi Services

• Marina del Rey Water Taxi

• Avila Beach Water Taxi

These providers are summarized in Table 4.

Table 4. Summary of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transit Services in Southern California Ownership (OW) / Operator Type (OP) Total Number Total Number Total Nautical Total Number of Total Number of Type of Operators of Vessels Miles Private Public Commuter 5 17 206.9 OW: 4 / OP: 4 OW: 2 / OP: 2 Non-Commuter 2 5 33 OW: 1 / OP: 1 OW: 1 / OP: 1 Water taxi 11 27 N/A OW: 6 / OP: 1 OW: 1 / OP: 6 ** Some operators in this region did not respond to repeated requests for information; table entries reflect data available at the operator’s website.

The figure on the next page presents an overview of water transit services operating in southern California. Following are figures for the each of the routes service by these operators.

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 54

FERRY OPERATORS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Ferry Operators in Southern California

Balboa Island Ferry Catalina Express Catalina Flyer Flagship Cruises Island Packers Corporation Long Beach Transit

Santa Barbara Water Taxi US Water Taxi Service

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Balboa Island

Balboa Peninsula

FigureBalboa 26. Island Balboa Ferry Island Ferry

Type, Water Body Commuter & Recreation, Newport Harbor

Total Operator Segments 1 Type, Water Body Commuter & Recreation, Newport Harbor Terminal Location(s) Agate Ave. Terminal, Balboa Island, Newport Total Operator Segments 1 Beach CA Terminal Location(s) Agate PalmAve. St.Terminal, Terminal, Balboa Balboa Island,Peninsula, Newport Newport BeachBeach CA CA Segment Length Palm St.800 Terminal, Feet Balboa Peninsula, Newport Advertised fares Beach CA SegmentPassengers Length 800 Feet Passengers: Adult $1.00 Advertised fares Child (5-12) $0.50 Passengers Child (under 5) Free Passengers: Adult $1.00 Vehicles: (passengers are extra)

CarChild and (5-12) driver $0.50 $2.00

MotorcycleChild (under 5) Free $1.50 BicycleVehicles: and (passengersAdult are extra) $1.25 BicycleCar and and driver Child $2.00 $0.75 Hours of operation, Daily Trips Su-Th: 6:30 am - 12:00 am; Motorcycle $1.50 Fr-Sa 6:30 am - 2:00am Bicycle and Adult $1.25 Bicycle and Child $0.75 Hours of operation, Daily Trips Su-Th: 6:30 am - 12:00 am; Fr-Sa 6:30 am - 2:00am

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Number of Operator Vessels 3 Admiral Commodore Captain Vessel Capacity 3 Vehicles, 75 Passengers, accommodates bikes Seating Capacity Admiral (75) Commodore (75) Captain (75) Vehicle Capacity Admiral (3) Commodore (3) Captain (3) Bicycle Capacity Admiral (accommodates bikes) Commodore (accommodates bikes) Captain (accommodates bikes) Boarding statistics Annual Cars 338,200, Pedestrians 608,200, bikes 214,900 Plans for future expansion None

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 57

San Pedro Long Beach

Dana Point

Twin Harbors

Avalon

FigureCatalina 27. ExpressCatalina Express

Type, Water Body Commuter, Ocean Total Operator Segments 5 Segment names & length (nautical miles) Avalon, Catalina Island – Dana Point Harbor (30 nmi) Avalon, Catalina Island – Long Beach Avalon, Catalina Island – San Pedro (30 nmi) San Pedro – Two Harbors, Catalina Island (30 nmi) San Pedro – Avalon, Catalina Island (30 nmi) Advertised fares Adults $73.50; Child $58; Senior $66.50; Infant $5 Regulation California Public Utilities Hours of operation, Daily Trips Monday - Sunday 6:15 am – 7:55 pm Total number of vessels 8 including 4 Long Beach Transit water taxis Seating Capacity 149 – 350 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity 8

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Boarding statistics 500,000 passengers and 30 daily trips Plans for future expansion No Owner, Operator Private, Private CEO Greg Bombard 310-519-7971 x1000 Contact Tom Rutter 310-519-7971 x1000 trutter@ catalinaexpress.com Website https://www.catalinaexpress.com/

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 59

Newport Beach

Avalon

FigureCatalina 28. Flyer Catalina Flyer

Type, Water Body Commuter and Non-Commuter, Ocean Total Operator Segments 1 Segment names & length (nautical miles) Avalon, Catalina Island – Newport Beach (28 nmi) Advertised fares Adult $69; Senior $64; Child $52; Infant $5 Regulation California Public Utilities Hours of operation, Daily Trips Monday – Sunday 7:00 am – 5:45 pm Total number of vessels 1 Seating Capacity 600 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity 50 Boarding statistics 15,0114,198 passengers; 289 trips; avg. 1 daily trip Plans for future expansion Yes Owner, Operator Public, Private CEO Armond Gugasian 800-830-7744 Contact Bob Black 800-830-7744 x110 bob@ catalinainfo. com Website http://www.catalinainfo.com/

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 60

Broadway Pier

Convention Center

Coronado Ferry Landing

FigureFlagship 29. CruisesFlagship Cruises

Type, Water Body Commuter, Non-Commuter, and Water Taxi services, San Diego Bay Total Operator Segments 2 Terminal Location(s) Broadway Pier – Coronado Ferry Landing (5 nmi) Coronado Ferry landing – Convention Center (5 nmi) Advertised fares Free for morning commuters 5:40 am – 8:50 am; Adults $5; Free for infants (3 y.o and younger) Regulation California Public Utilities Hours of operation, Daily Trips 5:15 am – 8:50 am mornings; 2:00 – 6:45 pm evenings; Monday to Friday 9:00 am – 9:55 pm; Fridays and Saturdays up to 10:55 pm depending on port location. Total number of vessels 4 Seating Capacity 15-250 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity 32

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 61

Boarding statistics 600,000 passengers; 40 average daily trips Plans for future expansion No Owner, Operator Private, Private CEO George Palmero 619-522-6159 george@ flagshipsd.com Contact Brad Engel 619-522-6183 Website https://www.flagshipsd.com/

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Ventura

Santa Anacapa Is. Rosa Is. Santa Cruz Is.

FigureIsland 30.Packers Island Packers

Type, Water Body Commuter, Ocean Total Operator Segments 3 Segment names & length (nautical miles) Ventura Harbor – Anacapa Island (9.5 nmi) Anacapa Island – Santa Cruz Island (18.2 nmi) Santa Cruz Is. – Santa Rosa Is. (16.3 nmi) Advertised fares Adult (13-54) $59; Seniors $54; Child (3-12) $41 Regulation N/A Hours of operation, Daily Trips Monday – Sunday 8:00 am – 5 pm Total number of vessels 4 Seating Capacity 600 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity 50 Boarding statistics 114, 198; 289 annual trips; 1 average daily Plans for future expansion No Owner, Operator Public/Private CEO Mark Connally Contact Monica 805-642-1393 [email protected] Website Islandpackers.com

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Aquarium of the Pacific

Shoreline Village

Hotel Alamitos Bay Maya Queen Mary

FigureLong Beach 31. Long Transit Beach Transit

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, San Pedro Bay Total Operator Segments 4 Segment names & length (nautical miles) Aquarium of the Pacific – Alamitos Bay Landing (5 nmi) Aquarium of the Pacific – Queen Mary (0.35 nmi) Alamitos Bay Landing – Queen Mary (4.65 nmi) Aquarium of the Pacific – Pine Avenue (0.05 nmi) Advertised fares $1 One-way Regulation California Public Utilities Hours of operation, Daily Trips Limited to summer Total number of vessels 4 Seating Capacity 37-74 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics 51,064 passengers Plans for future expansion No

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 64

Owner, Operator Private, Public CEO Lawrence Jackson Contact Kevin Lee 562-591-2301 [email protected] Website https://ridelbt.com/Services/WaterTaxis.aspx

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 65

Stearns Wharf

Santa Barbara Harbor

FigureSanta 32.Barbara Santa WaterBarbara Taxi Water Taxi

Type, Water Body Commuter, Santa Barbara Harbor Total Operator Segments 1 Segment names & length (nautical miles) Santa Barbara – Stearn’s Wharf (0.75 nmi) Advertised fares Adults $5; Kids $2 Regulation U.S. Coast Guard Hours of operation, Daily Trips Summer only Monday – Sun-day Total number of vessels 1 Seating Capacity 19 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics 24 average daily trips Plans for future expansion No Owner, Operator Private, Private CEO Fred Hershman 805-465-6676 Contact Cathy Hershman 805-465-6676 Website Celebrationsb.com

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 66

FigureUS Water 33. USTaxi Water Service Taxi Service

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, Los Angeles Harbor Total Operator Segments N/A Terminal Location Berth 57, Los Angeles Harbor Advertised fares Free Regulation Port District Hours of operation, Daily Trips Summer weekends and holidays 11:00 am – 6:00 pm Total number of vessels 1 Seating Capacity 6-20 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics N/A Plans for future expansion N/A Owner, Operator Public, Private CEO Contact (310) 519-8230

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 67

Waterfront Walk Marina Beach

Dolphin

Marina Burton

Chace Esprit 1 Park

Harbor at Marina Bay

Del Rey Fisherman’s Landing Village

FigureMarina 34. Del Marina Rey WaterDel Rey Taxi Water Taxi

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, Harbor Total Operator Segments 1 Terminal Locations Marina Beach, Dolphin Marina, Espirit 1, Harbor at Marina Bay, Del Rey Landing, Fish-erman’s Village, Burton Chace Park, Water-front Walk Advertised fares $1 Regulation N/A Hours of operation, Daily Trips Thursday – Saturday 11:00 am – midnight; Sunday end at 9:00 pm Total number of vessels N/A Seating Capacity 12 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics N/A Plans for future expansion N/A Owner, Operator N/A CEO N/A Contact 310-628-3219; [email protected] Website http://www.marinewaterbus.com

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Harford Pier

FigureAvila Beach 35. Avila Water Beach Taxi Water Taxi

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, Ocean Total Operator Segments N/A Terminal Location Harford Pier Advertised fares Free Regulation N/A Hours of operation, Daily Trips All week 8:00 am to 4:00 pm Total number of vessels 1 Seating Capacity 6 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics 2 average daily Plans for future expansion No Owner, Operator Private, Private CEO Lee Egan 805-703-0397 [email protected] Contact Lee Egan 805-703-0397 [email protected] Website https://www.avilabeachpier.com/ information/water-taxi-boat-yard.html

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 69

ADDITIONAL WATER TRANSPORTATION OPERATORS

Four operators did not fit neatly into the three geographic areas in the preceding sections. Maps and tabular summaries of these operators appear on the following pages:

• Edison Queen Hiker’s Water Taxi

• Havasu Landing Casino Ferry

• Santa Cruz Port District Water Taxi

• Yurok Ferry Service

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 70

FigureEdison 36. Queen Edison - Hiker’sQueen - Water Hiker’s Taxi Water Taxi

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, Thomas A. Edison Lake Total Operator Segments N/A Terminal Location Mono Creek headwaters at Edison Lake Advertised fares $13 Regulation N/A Hours of operation, Daily Trips 9 am and 4 pm; June to October Total number of vessels 1 Seating Capacity N/A Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics N/A Plans for future expansion N/A Owner, Operator N/A CEO N/A Contact (559) 259-4000 Website http://www.edisonlake.com/hikers/ferry Note: Operator did not respond to repeated requests for information possibly due to services ending in October. Will resume June 1st, 2019. Table entries reflect data retrieved at operator’s website.

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Havasu Landing Casino

London Bridge

FigureHavasu 37. Landing Havasu CasinoLanding FerryCasino Ferry

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, Havasu Lake Total Operator Segments 1 Segment name & length (nautical miles) Havasu Landing to London Bridge (2.5 nmi) Advertised fares $2.00 Regulation N/A Hours of operation, Daily Trips 6:45 am – 12:30 am Total number of vessels 1 Seating Capacity N/A Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics N/A Plans for future expansion N/A Owner, Operator N/A CEO N/A Contact (760)-858-4592 ext. 230 Website http://www.havasulanding.com Note: Operator did not respond to repeated requests for information possibly due to services ending in October. Will resume June 1st, 2019. Table entries reflect data retrieved at operator’s website.

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FigureSanta 38.Cruz Santa Port Cruz District Port WaterDistrict Taxi Water Taxi

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, Santa Cruz Harbor Total Operator Segments N/A Terminal Location(s) X-1 Gate, Santa Cruz Harbor AA Dock (Aldo’s), Santa Cruz Harbor Launch Ram, Santa Cruz Harbor Advertised fares Free Regulation Port District Hours of operation, Daily Trips Summer weekends and holidays 11:00 am – 6:00 pm Total number of vessels 1 Seating Capacity 6 - 20 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics N/A Plans for future expansion N/A Owner, Operator Public, Private CEO Chuck Izenstark 831-475-6161 x20 cisenstark@santacruzharbor

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 73

Contact Alex 831-475-6161 Website https://www.santacruzharbor.org/harbor- water-taxi/

Mineta Transportation Institute 2018 Census of Commuter and Non-Commuter Water Transportation Services 74

Figure 39. Yurok Ferry Service

Type, Water Body Water Taxi, Klamath River Total Operator Segments N/A Terminal Location(s) Sregon Village at Klamath River Advertised fares Adults (13 and up) $5.00; Children (2 to 12) $4:00; Elders and Infants Free Regulation N/A Hours of operation, Daily Trips Pickups at 6:55, 7:35, and 8:15 am; Drop-offs at 5:10, 5:50, and 6:25 pm Total number of vessels 1 Seating Capacity 12 Vehicle Capacity N/A Bicycle Capacity N/A Boarding statistics N/A Plans for future expansion N/A Owner, Operator N/A CEO N/A Contact Grant 707-482-1350, ext 1321; Brandi Natt [email protected], 707-482-1350 ext 1355 Website http://www.yuroktribe.org/rfp/documents/ RiverFerry.pdf Note: Operator did not respond to repeated requests for information possibly due to services ending in October. Will resume June 1st, 2019. Table entries reflect data retrieved at operator’s website.

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III. RECREATIONAL WATER TRANSIT SERVICES IN CALIFORNIA

The previous section provides comprehensive details about each commuter and non- commuter water transit operator in the state of California. In the interest of demonstrating the thoroughness with which we conducted this census, Table 5 presents a listing of 37 additional water transportation operators in the state that we have classified as recreational in nature since they do not provide “Point A to Point B” service. The relevant website for the operator is provided if it exists. Our research concluded that these operators were not directly relevant to the scope of services and impetus for this census since they provide lake cruises, charter yachts, whale watching adventures, sport fishing and bay-based “cruises to nowhere.”

Also, since none of the operators listed in Table 5 appear to offer fixed-route service and all are almost exclusively recreational in nature, they did not qualify as meeting the threshold for essential water transportation for residents and commuters of our state. However, future researchers might wish to reference this list in terms of possibilities for providing water transportation in cases of major regional emergencies.

Table 5. Recreational Water Transportation Operators in California

Action Beach and Bay Rentals Inc. (Website not found) Water Taxi

Anchor Yacht Charters Bay http://aycharters.com/

Adventure Cat Sailing Cruises http://adventurecat.com/

Bella Monterey Bay http://bellamontereybay.com/

Blue Water Hunter http://blueh20.com/index.html Adult $9; Child $5

Bleu Wave http://tahoebleuwave.com/

Captain Jack’s Tours & Events http://captainjackstours.com/

Catalina Classic Cruises http://catalinaclassiccruises.com/ Paradise Point Resort - Seaworld (0.5nmi)

Celebration Cruises http://celebrationsantabarbara.com/

Commodore Cruises and Events http://commodoreevents.com/

Condor Express http://condorexpress.com/

County of Santa Barbara Parks Division http://countyofsb.org/parks/parks05.aspx?id=7564

Crowley Maritime Corp. http://crowley.com/

Cruise Newport Beach http://cruisenewportbeach.com/

Cruise Orange http://get2sea.com/

Cruise with Pride http://cruisingwithpride.com/

D&G Marine Inc. (Website not found)

Dana Wharf Sport Fishing & Whale Watching http://danawharf.com/contact.html

Delta Discovery Cruises http://deltadiscoverycruises.com/

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Electra Cruises http://electracruises.com/

Empress Events http://empressevents.com/

Hornblower Cruises and Events (Website not found)

Island Navigation Company Inc. (Website not found)

Monterey Bay Sailing http://montereysailing.com/

Napa Valley Adventures http://napariveradventures.com/

Newport Beach Tours http://newportbeachtours.net

Newport Landing Whalewatch http://newportwhales.com/

Next Level Sailing http://nextlevelsailing.com/

Princess Monterey Whale Watching http://montereywhalewatching.com/

Red and White Fleet http://redandwhite.com/

Sacramento Tours http://sacramentotours.net/

Sacramento Yacht Charters LLC (Website not found)

Sanctuary Cruises http://sanctuarycruises.com/

San Diego Yacht Charters http://sdbaywatchcruises.com/

Santa Barbara Sailing Center http://sbsail.com/double_dolphin.html

Sea Landing Dive Center http://sealanding.net/

SF Bay Adventures http://sfbayadventures.com/

Star and Crescent Boat Company (Website not found)

Stardust Sport Fishing http://stardustsportfishing.com

Sunset Kidd Sailing Charters http://sunsetkidd.com/

Tahoe Cruises http://tahoecruises.com

Tahoe Gal http://tahoegal.com/

The Gondola Company http://gondolacompany.com/

Truth Aquatics http://truthaquatics.com/index.html

Two Harbors Enterprise Inc. (Website not found)

Wave Walker Charters http://wavewalker.com/

Zephyr Cove Resort Lake Tahoe Cruises http://zephyrcove.com/cruises.aspx

Mineta Transportation Institute 77

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

RICHARD M. KOS, AICP

Richard Kos is certified urban planner and geographic information systems expert. After earning a BS degree in Environmental Planning and Design from Rutgers University, Mr. Kos put his skills into practice with local governments in New Jersey and North Carolina, serving as assistant or senior planner for a number of rapidly-growing communities. He earned his master’s degree in Urban and Regional Planning from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In 2000, Mr. Kos served as a transportation planner and GIS analyst with the Metropolitan Transportation Commission in Oakland, California, where he produced numerous maps related to welfare-to-work and lifeline transportation projects. From there, Mr. Kos spent four years as GIS manager for DC&E, an innovative planning and design firm in Berkeley. In 2008, Mr. Kos decided to bring his skills into academia where he currently teaches graduate-level Geographic Information Systems and studio- based community improvement projects at San Jose State University. Mr. Kos also teaches short-term GIS workshops at City College of San Francisco and the California Academy of Art and offers his consulting services to a variety of clients including Mobility Planners, the City of Mountain View, and WorldLink.

NICK FREY

A North Carolinian by birth, a Californian by choice, and an Urbanist by calling, Nick Frey is a student of cities and the built form. With interests in land use and transportation and a deep environmental streak, Nick is pursuing a Master’s Degree in Urban and Regional Planning at San Jose State University. He spends his free time on the trail or in the ocean, and loves traveling by train. He spent a month in India, a year in Germany and is always looking for the next adventure. Nick hopes to apply his education to crafting a denser, greener, and more equitable future for his home, California.

MEHEDI CHOWDHURY

Returning to San Jose State University, Mehedi Chowdhury is working on earning his master’s degree in Urban Planning with a focus on environmental planning. He received his bachelor’s degree in Environmental Studies from SJSU with a concentration on environmental impact assessment. He is currently interning at South Bay Water Recycling, managed by the City of San Jose’s Environmental Services Department. Mehedi is deeply interested in designing cities that will artfully integrate natural services and ecological functions with energy efficient and beautiful buildings to harmonize city and nature for both humans and non-humans. Mehedi hopes to one day influence planning decisions with green visions and to break through institutional and political barriers to optimize cities in the face of climate change at home – and to learn how it is being addressed abroad, particularly in his river-abundant, water-transit-ideal, ancestral homeland of Bangladesh. This 2018 Water Transit Census project became of interest to him when he was sitting in traffic and wished he had taken a ferry instead.

Mineta Transportation Institute 78

PEER REVIEW

San José State University, of the California State University system, and the MTI Board of Trustees have agreed upon a peer review process required for all research published by MTI. The purpose of the review process is to ensure that the results presented are based upon a professionally acceptable research protocol.

Mineta Transportation Institute MINETA TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE MTI FOUNDER LEAD UNIVERSITY OF Hon. Norman Y. Mineta Mineta Consortium for Transportation Mobility MTI BOARD OF TRUSTEES

Founder, Honorable Norman David Castagnetti (TE 2021) Diane Woodend Jones (TE 2019) Paul Skoutelas (Ex-Officio) Founded in 1991, the Mineta Transportation Institute (MTI), an organized research and training unit in partnership with the Mineta (Ex-Officio) Co-Founder Principal & Chair of Board President & CEO Lucas College and Graduate School of Business at San José State University (SJSU), increases mobility for all by improving the safety, Secretary (ret.), US Department of Mehlman Castagnetti Rosen & Lea + Elliot, Inc. American Public Transportation Transportation Thomas Authority (APTA) efficiency, accessibility, and convenience of our nation’s transportation system.Through research, education, workforce development, Vice Chair Will Kempton (TE 2019) and technology transfer, we help create a connected world. MTI leads the four-university Mineta Consortium for Transportation Hill & Knowlton, Inc. Maria Cino (TE 2021) Retired Dan Smith (TE 2020) Vice President, America & U.S. President Mobility, a Tier 1 University Transportation Center funded by the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Office of the Assistant Chair, Grace Crunican Government Relations Jean-Pierre Loubinoux Capstone Financial Group, Inc. Secretary for Research and Technology (OST-R), the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), and by private grants (TE 2019) Hewlett-Packard Enterprises (Ex-Officio) and donations. General Manager Director General Beverley Swaim-Staley Bay Area Rapid Transit District Donna DeMartino (TE 2021) International Union of Railways (UIC) (TE 2019) (BART) General Manager and CEO President MTI’s transportation policy work is centered on three primary responsibilities: San Joaquin Regional Transit District Bradley Mims (TE 2020) Union Station Redevelopment Vice Chair, Abbas Mohaddes President & CEO Corporation (TE 2018) Nuria Fernandez* (TE 2020) Conference of Minority President & COO General Manager & CEO Transportation Officials (COMTO) Larry Willis (Ex-Officio) Research Econolite Group Inc. Santa Clara Valley Transportation President MTI works to provide policy-oriented research for all levels of active assistance of the California Department ofTransportation Authority Jeff Morales (TE 2019) Transportation Trades Dept., government and the private sector to foster the development (Caltrans), MTI delivers its classes over a state-of-the-art Executive Director, Managing Principal AFL-CIO Karen Philbrick, Ph.D. John Flaherty (TE 2020) InfraStrategies, LLC of optimum surface transportation systems. Research areas videoconference network throughout the state of California (Ex-Officio) Senior Fellow Bud Wright (Ex-Officio) include: bicycle and pedestrian issues; financing public and private and via webcasting beyond, allowing working transportation Mineta Transportation Institute Silicon Valley American Dan Moshavi, Ph.D. (Ex-Officio) Executive Director San José State University Leadership Forum Dean American Association of State sector transportation improvements; intermodal connectivity professionals to pursue an advanced degree regardless of their Lucas College and Graduate Highway and Transportation and integration; safety and security of transportation systems; location. To meet the needs of employers seeking a diverse Richard Anderson (Ex-Officio) Rose Guilbault (TE 2020) School of Business Officials (AASHTO) President and CEO Board Member San José State University sustainability of transportation systems;transportation / land use / workforce, MTI’s education program promotes enrollment to Amtrak Peninsula Corridor Joint environment; and transportation planning and policy development. under-represented groups. Powers Board Takayoshi (Taki) Oshima (TE (TE) = Term Expiration Laurie Berman (Ex-Officio) 2021) * = Past Chair, Board of Trustees Certified Research Associates conduct the research. Certification Director Ian Jefferies (Ex-Officio) Chairman & CEO requires an advanced degree, generally a Ph.D., a record of Information and Technology Transfer California Department President & CEO Allied Telesis, Inc. of Transportation Association of American Railroads academic publications, and professional references. Research MTI utilizes a diverse array of dissemination methods and projects culminate in a peer-reviewed publication, available on media to ensure research results reach those responsible TransWeb, the MTI website (http://transweb.sjsu.edu). for managing change. These methods include publication, seminars, workshops, websites, social media, webinars, Education and other technology transfer mechanisms. Additionally, The Institute supports education programs for students seeking a MTI promotes the availability of completed research to career in the development and operation of surface transportation professional organizations and journals and works to systems. MTI, through San José State University, offers an AACSB- integrate the research findings into the graduate education Directors Research Associates Policy Oversight Committee accredited Master of Science in Transportation Management and program.MTI’s extensive collection of transportation- related graduate certificates in Transportation Management,Transportation publications is integrated into San José State University’s Karen Philbrick, Ph.D. Jan Botha, Ph.D. Taeho Park, Ph.D. Security, and High-Speed Rail Management that serve to prepare world-class Martin Luther King, Jr. Library. Executive Director Civil & Environmental Engineering Organization and Management the nation’s transportation managers for the 21st century. With the San José State University San José State University Asha Weinstein Agrawal, Ph.D. Education Director Katherine Kao Cushing, Ph.D. Christa Bailey National Transportation Finance Enviromental Science Martin Luther King, Jr. Library Center Director San José State University San José State University

Hilary Nixon, Ph.D. Dave Czerwinski, Ph.D. Deputy Executive Director Marketing and Decision Science San José State University Brian Michael Jenkins Disclaimer National Transportation Security Frances Edwards, Ph.D. The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the information presented Center Director Political Science herein.This document is disseminated in the interest of information exchange. The report is funded, partially or entirely, by a grant from the U.S. San José State University Department of Transportation’s University Transportation Centers Program. This report does not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the U.S. government, State of California, or the Mineta Transportation Institute, who assume no liability for the contents or use thereof. This report does not constitute a standard specification, design standard, or regulation.