sign in sign up
<<
Home , Log scaler

The New York OWNER

A punncauon ot the New York ••orest Owners Association

Marchi April 1993 THE NEW YORK FOREST OWNER FOREST OWNER VOL. 31, NO.2 A publication of the New York Forest Owners ASSOciation OFACERS & DIRECTORS Editorial Committee: Batty Densmore,Alan Knight,Mary McCarty Norm Richards and Dave Tabar. Stuart McCarty, President Materials submitted for publication should be addressed to: R. Fox, R.D. #3, Box 88, 4300 East Avenue Moravia, New York 13118. Articles, artwork and photos are invited and are normally Rochester, NY 14618 (716) 381-6373 returned after use. The deadline for submission forMay/June is April 1. Please address all membership fees and change of address requests to P.O. Box Don Wagner Ist Vice President 180, Fairport, N.Y. 14450. Cost of Individual membership subscription Is $15. RD #1, Box 203C Utica, NY 13502

Robert M. Sand, Recording Secretary 300 Church Street Odessa, NY 14869-9703

Clara Minerd, Treasurer 1123 Cold Spring Road Liverpool, NY 13088

.John C. Marchant, Executive Director 45 Cambridge Court Fairport, NY 14450 (716) 377-7906

Deborah Gill, Administrative Secretary P.O. Box 180 Fairport, NY 14450 (716) 377-6060

1993 David J. Colligan,Buffalo Verner C. Hudson, Elbridge Mary S. McCarty, Rochester Sanford Vreeland, Springwater Don J. Wagner, Utica

1994 . CAY Cayuga, 1985 ...... •.•.•..•...•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•...... •.•.•.•...... •...... •.•••..•.•..• 66 : Norman Richards, Syracuse STC Southern Tier, 1985 ...•..•...... •.•.....•.•..•.•.•...... •..•.•..•.••.•••....•.•.•... 112 Robert M. Sand, Odessa TIO Tioga, 1986 ...... •...... •.•...... •...... •.•...... ••.•..•....••.•.•...••. 88 Charles Mowatt, Savona WFL. Western Finger Lakes, 1988 ..•..•.•....•.•.•.•.....•.•..•.•••.....•...•..•..••..• 24li 1995 AFC ..•.Allegheny Foothills, 1989 ...... •.....•.....•..•..•.•..•.•...... •.•..•.•. 107 Elizabeth Densmore, Machias NFC.....Niagara Frontier, 1990 ...... •...... •...... •.....•.•...... •.. 127 Richard J. Fox, Moravia CDC•...Capital District, 1991 •...... •...... •..•..•••...•.•..•.•...... •..•.•.....•••.. 81 John W. Krebs, Honeoye Falls SAC .•...Southeastern Adiorndacic, 1991 •...... •.•...... •...... • 79 Stuart McCarty, Rochester LHC Lower Hudson, 1991 •..••...... •...... •...... •.•...... •.•...... ••..•. 46 CNY Central New York, 1991 ..•...•...... •..•..•.••...... •..•...... •.•....••... 78 NAC Northern Adirondack, 1991 ...... •.•.•...... •...... •..•...... 76 AFFILIATE REPRESENT ATIVES Charles Sprague- TJuuFT Dlnnie Sioman-Calsklll Forest Assoc. CFA .•....Catskili Assoc., 1982 •.•..•....•.•.•.•...... •.•...... •...... •....•. 120 THRIFT .....Tug Hill Resources, Investment for Tomorrow, 1982 •.•.•••.• 140 CHAPTER REPRESENT ATIVES Peter Childs-Allegheny Foohllls Wendell Halfield-Cayuga irwin K1ng-Capital District With membership as of February 1, 1993. Thomas L. E1l1son-Central New York Robert S.Davis-Lower Hudson Wes Suhr-Northern Adirondack Table of Contents Tom Casey-Niagara Frontier Erwin Fullerton-Southeastem Adirondack President's Message 3 Larry Lepak-Southern Tier What Do You Do With Larch, James R. Peek 4 Patrick J. McGlew-Tloga NYFOA & Free Information, John Marchant;Bill Minerd 7 Eileen VanWie-Western Finger Lakes Maple Malady, Douglas Allen et al 8 All rights reserved. Contents may not be reproduced with- Chapter Reports , 10 out prior written permission from the publisher. Opinions & Teddy Roosevelt 12 expressed by authors are their own and do not necessarily NYFOA & Forestry Plus 30 Years, John Marchant 14 reflect the policy of the publisher. Lament For A Law, Henry S. Kernan 16 COVER: Eaters, Potions, and Lotions, Jane Sorensen Lord 18 Larch Pine Shoot Beetle, David Taber 19

Photo by Jim Peek

NY FOREST OWNER 2 MARCH/APRIL 1993 PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE ith this issue of the Forest Owner, And in 1982 seedlings appeared nearby handful of people keeping NYFOA going. we mark the 30th anniversary of and have grown to such a degree that they Now there are handfuls in each chapter, W the founding of our association. It help the NYFOA oak grow and prosper. affiliate and at the state level making the is a significant milestone, attesting above These are our affiliates, the Catskill tree grow stronger and taller week in and all to the devotion and tenacity of our Forestry Association and THRIFT, both of week out through the year. We owe them' volunteers over the past three decades. whichjoinedNYFOA in working arrange- all a great big THANKS! While it may seem a bit corny and ments in 1987. certainly not novel, I like to compare the As our tree has matured, its acorns have growth and status of the Forest Owners been spread far and wide through the work Association to that of a tree, may be a white of many. Ruth Thoden who served as our oak, Quercus alba. As if a small acorn, we Executive Secretary for almost four years started out as an idea in the minds of until 1989 helped get us more involved. several farsighted people. More recently, since the fall of 1989,John With the help of the Forest Practice Marchant, our volunteer Executive Direc- Board, the DEC and professors at the Col- tor, has been invaluable in widening the lege of Forestry in Syracuse (now the scope of NYFOA. Thanks to him we are College of Environmental Science and now an oak that commands respect and Forestry) NYFOA became an organization attention. on April 27, 1963 - a seedling. I have carried the metaphor too far, Over the years, we grew straight and tall perhaps, but it is fun to dream about the as the Forest Owner became a more profes- similarities. At the same time I don't want sional magazine and as membership picked to lose sight of the most important ingredi- up. Our roots were deeper in the soil of ent in the success ofthe association, namely, New York. the volunteer. Back in the November/De- In 1985 branches began to develop real cember 1991 issue of the Forest Owner I heft and were able to carry weights equiva- wrote about the virtual explosion of activi- lent to what the whole tree carried in its ties sponsored by the chapters and affili- earlier stages. These branches represent ates of the association. This has come our chapters which since 1985 have grown about only because of the energy and hard to eleven. work of volunteers. At one time we had a

Eastern Bluebird

Help NYFOA to Update its Archives

t the January 16, 1993 meeting of the Board of Directors, the Board A supported a direction which would complete the NYFOA Archives at Moon Library of SUNY ESF. An appeal is hereby made to the members to advise the Editor of any NYFOArecordsofwhich the owner would permit copies to be made or the owner would donate outright. Particularly helpful would be back copies of the FOR- EST OWNER/NY FOREST OWNER. An effort will be made to create a detailed index and to determine the items missing. At this time there appears to be many "holes in the record", notably through the seventies.

NY FOREST OWNER 3 MARCI-VAPRIL 1993 What Do You Do With Larch? By James R. Peek Award (see FOREST OWNER, June 1967) frosts, but it's true. Late frosts are very hat do you do with Larch? That's from the New York Forest Owners Asso- damaging and may prove fatal to seedling a question 1 first asked my super- ciation in recognition of his achievements and small sapling Larch. European Larch W visor Al Richard when 1 was a in forestry. breaks dormancy later and seems to with- Trainee exactly twenty years ago. Why was Dave Cook promoting Larch? stand frost better than Japanese Larch and Al is a practical man of few words and I still BecauseLarch is one ofthe fastest growing is better adapted to the colder portions of remember his reply, "If we grow enough of conifers that we can raise here. Good Japa- northern New York. Avoid planting Larch it-- they'll find a use for it!" nese Larch stock, for example, will out- in depressions that can fill with heavy cold For many years, Larch served to amuse grow other conifers commonly planted in air to form a frost pocket. and confuse Iandowners. The rea- the Northeast by more than two to one Soon after planting, Larch establishes son: Larch is a conifer (cone bearing tree) (Cook, 1971), and the trees do get tall! It's itself and rapidly starts growing taller. This that loses its needles annually (deciduous). not uncommon to find an eighteen inch allows it to keep ahead of the hardwoods Each Fall, when the hardwoods are finally DBH (Diameter Breast Height) tree with and brush and dominate the site. One thing bare, Larch needles turn an attractive yel- eighty useable feet to an eight inch top you don't do with Larch, is plant it in a low that changes to a golden-brown before diameter. We had one sale on State Forest shaded location-- it needs full sunlight to they falloff. This little trick of nature has land which included 60 year old trees survive and prosper. provided foresters with a lot of stories that containing more than one-thousand board In many early Larch plantings the trees usually start out: "I got a call about these feet each. After the sale we received a call were spaced only six feet apart. Under dying pine trees and ...".Variations on the from a distressed hiker complaining about these conditions Larch soon became theme usually involve Christmas tree plan- our cutting the last "oldgrowth" in that crowded and needed to be thinned before tations for sale ... cheap; local reporters neck of the . Imagine her surprise, they could get big enough to be sold for writing articles on acid rain damage; or when she found out that the trees were logs. "dead" landscape trees being cut down. younger than she was! If they weren't thinned, the lower branches became heavily shaded and died WHICH LARCH? leaving a relatively small crown to pro- Larch grows in the cool northern duce their food, which greatly reduced of Eurasia and North America. Larch isn't diameter growth. one species but a group of species. The I usually suggestlandownersplantLarch different Larch species have slightly dif- 8'x 10' or lO'x 10' to reduce the need for ferent growing requirements, but the tech- precommercial . Every third row nical properties of the woods are similar can be removed in the first (prob- enough that buyers don't bother to distin- ably at about 25 years). This provides room guish between the different kinds. I've for the trees to grow and the skidder to included a table to help the botanically move. Some ofthe material should be large curious tell them apart. enough to be saleable for saw logs and the > ' Tamarack is New York's native Larch. '''~., smaller material might find a use as fire- We are close to the southern limit of its , fenceposts or (in some locations) range so it's not surprising that Larch is . found mostly in cold bogs and swamps. Under these conditions, the size and growth FUELWOOD? rate of Tamarack isn't exactly impressive. We live in an area with abundant hard- Experiments with Tamarack planted on woods and burning a softwood might seem upland sites in Maine have shown growth like a novel idea, but in parts of the western rates that challenge Southern Yellow Pine. United States, Alaska, and the Scandina- I'm not aware of any Tamarack vian countries, softwood is often used for in New York, so it's a pretty safe bet that home heating. A full cord (4'x4'x 8') of air- Larch planted in rows isn't Tamarack. dried Larch contains 19 million BTU's No discussion of Planted Larch in which is about the same heat content as the New York would be complete without Larch Growth Rings same volume of Cherry. giving credit to Dave Cook formerly of the Larch is a good wood for kindling and New York Conservation Department -- he POINTS ON PLANTING works well to rebuild a slow fire Orto warm literally wrote a book with that title. He The introduced Larch species adapted the morning chill in the Spring. I've had corresponded and swapped Larch seed, well to all but the most extreme soil condi- good resu lts building small, hot fires which with people allover the world. He grew tions. Extremely dry soils will not sustain burn relatively cleanly but require fre- many races of Japanese and European Larch through droughty years. Leave ex- quent refuelings.Filling the stove com- Larch, and a hybrid cross called Dunkeld tremely wet soils to Tamarack, as the pletely with fuel and then restricting the air Larch on his Rensselaer County forest introduced species won't do well there. to get a long burn results in a smoldering (Cooxrox Forest) starting in 1930. Larch needs soil that's at least 16" deep, fire that produces a lot of creosote, espe- He was also an excellent speaker and because the roots need to go deep and wide cially ifthe wood is a resinous softwood. If prolific writer who promoted Larch plant- to keep tall trees from tipping over. you must operate your stove to give a long ing on both public and private land. In I know it doesn't seem logical that a tree burn use dense hardwood, inspect your 1967, he received the Heiberg Memorial of the northern forests is sensitive to late chimney frequently and clean before creo-

NY FOREST OWNER 4 MARCH/APRIL 1993 sote builds up to worrisome levels. Owners grain with sharp knives to allow deeper ing the outside with a borate wood preser- of catalytic stoves (which are designed to penetration of preservatives. The process vative. Josh uses logs that are bought in reduce creosote build up), Russian fire- is rather like poking a tough steak full of early June when the bark can easily be places and outside furnaces should have holes with a fork to let tenderizer soak in. removed with a shovel and lets the logs dry less trouble with creosote. I doubt that New York wood preservers through the Summer before building with will feel the need to purchase incising them. FENCE POSTS & PRESERVATIVES machinery because of the abundance of I don't like to see cabins assembled We have had some success selling Larch easily treated Red Pine. from small, green Larch logs as they some- fenceposts. Our customers have told us times develop deep spiral checks while thatLarch posts last aboutten years, which LOG CABINS & GUIDE BOATS drying. is comparable to White cedar posts that Larch's natural resistance to decay is I also think I'd use a finish that con- contain a lot of sapwood. Sapwood, re- one of its best selling points. Larch has tained an ultra violet (U.V.) light inhibitor gardless ofthe species, has little resistance long been used for planking on wooden on the outside of the cabin in order to to decay. The heartwood of some species, fishing boats. The "knees" of the famous prevent the wood from darkening. including Larch, contains deposits of natu- Adirondack guide boats were saw'n from ral preservative chemicals that retard the the stumps of Tamarack trees. The pio- growth of the fungi that cause rot. Larch neers considered Tamarack to be a desir- heartwood has a moderate resistance to able species for pilings and posts and the decay. What this means is that Larch heart- first course of log cabins. wood will last longer than Hemlock, but Larch is still being used in log homes will rot faster than White oak when ex- today although the less dense pines domi- posed to the damp conditions that favor nate that market. I recently visited Josh fungi. Webb of Lok-N-Logs in Sherburne, New In critical installations in contact with York to see how he makes hand crafted log the ground, only wood that has been prop- homes using the Scandinavian full-scribed erly treated with preservatives will give method. In this method the logs are fitted predictable, long service life. and notched individually using chain saws Conventional wisdom says that Larch and hand tools. The logs were fitted so heartwood will not absorb enough water- closely that we couldn't blow air through borne wood preservative to make a product the joints with an air compressor, even that meets industry standards. This is un- before a foam gasket was installed be- fortunate, as pressure treated wood is a tween the logs. large softwood market in New York. Re- Josh prefers Larch because it's easy to cent studies have shown the preservative get the 13" to 14" small end diameter logs retention in Larch heartwood can be greatly and long logs he needs for his cabins. The increased by incising. Incising is a process wood's natural decay resistance is also a where the wood is slit in places along the big plus, which he supplements by spray- Josh Webb and Tight Fit & PULP Larch lumber can be used for rough A LARCH WHO'S WHO construction; it's strong, durable and holds nails well, although putting a nail in dry COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME(S) 1WIG NEEDLES CONES Larch can be challenging. Many people

Tamarack Larix laricina glossy green oblong that have used Larch prefer it to Hemlock orangy-brown 1/2-3/4" long, for farm construction projects from about 20 cone hayracks to buildings. Proper lumber dry- scales ing procedures must be followed, because European= Larix decidua straw yellow It. green oval 1- 2 1/2" some pieces show a tendency to distort. Larch long straight Mills are also using it for special purpose brown scales, pallets and boxes. C.O.T. Corporation in 40-50 cone scales covered Whitehall, New York makes from with soft, Larch. , brown hair There's something else you should ¥now about Larch lumber--it' s downright pretty! Japanese Larix leptolepis rusty brown blue-green rounded 1 1/4 Larch to 1 1/2" It has a strong grain pattern and is an strongly attractive medium reddish brown, rather recurved scale like Cherry. One of our local margins owners even tried to sell it as "English Cherry". Despite his P. T. Barnum style Dunkeld* Larix x. eurolepis variable, green oval, partially salesmanship, his mill is no longer operat- Larch in between reflexed scales (hybrid cross European & very variable ing. When properly dried, Larch makes of European Japanese in size handsome panelling. I've been told it makes and Japanese Larch good flooring too. I suspect this is correct Larch because Larch is one of the hardest com- mercial softwoods. * These trees can show a lot of genetic variability. Pulpmills in New England andPennsyl-

NY FOREST OWNER 5 MARCH/APRIL 1993 Larch Cont'd. Governor Cuomo Forms Forest vania make paper from Larch, but I'm not aware of any New York mill pulping it. Resource Development Council The same chemicals that color the heart- This council was recently formed to private forest land owners and John wood and give Larch its rot resistance provide follow up and implementation on Marchant attended the meeting held on complicate the pulping process. key strategic issues identified by the February 3, on their behalf. There are lots of uses for this admi- Governor's Task Force on Forest Industry. At this stage the council is developing rable tree, but buyers tend to be local The council has a broad cross section of the structure and methods which they feel niche markets, and stumpage prices are representatives from industry, government relatively low. We simply don't have will produce substantive, measurable re- enough Larch to sustain a large special- and private organizations. The New York sults in the shortest time. John will report ized industry. Only about 500 acres of Forest Owners Association was invited to on the results of the council's efforts in the New York are planted to Larch each year, be a member of the council to represent FOREST OWNER as appropriate. so high volume mills haven't felt the need to "find a use for it". If you have Larch to sell contact the DEC Wood Utilization and Marketing GOTA Forester in your Region for addresses of local buyers, or local specialty markets. GOOD RECIPE? Early next November, about the same time DEC offices start taking calls about he New York State your recipe(s) is legible, complete, and dying "pine" trees, take a moment to look T Committee is planning to publish lists your name. The deadline for submis- up in the hills and appreciate Dave Cook's a cookbook to raise funds for our sion is May 1, 1993, and all recipes golden legacy. programs. TreeFann Treats will contain should be sent to Valerie Luzadis Alden, 250 favorite recipes contributed by any- ESFPA, 123 State St, Albany, N. Y. Jim Peek is the U & M Forester for NYS one interested in New York's forests and 12207 or to Harriet D. Hamilton, 8785 DEC Region 7out of the Cortland Office. forestry. Schribner Rd., Wayland, N. Y. 14572. Jim is Editor/Writer of the informative To contribute one or more recipes, in The book will sell for $6.50 and will newsletteroftheLAKEERIE & ONTARIO any category, please type or write on one be ready for distribution by October 1993. SA WYERS & FILERS ASS'N. side of a piece of plain paper, making sure

. ~<;,R L(J4,. WAGNER .$'SAW MilL ~ LUMBER SAWMILL =: & :0 4060 GASKILL ROAD O~ 687.5362 -\. OWEGO, NEW YORK 13827 (C'G ~. 0, PH.607-687-5362 FAX 607-687-2633

VENEER P S #1 #2 EFFECTIVE 1-18-93 (14'+) HARD MAPLE 1200 (1/3 heart} 700 525 425 225 SPECS: VENEER-CLEAR 4 SIDES; STRAIGHT; NO DEFECT (16'+) PRIME - CLEAR 4 SIDES; 15" & UP, FOR 10'-12' CHERRY 1500 (no gum) 1200 750 550 225 14' & UP, FOR 14'-16' (15'+) SELECT-CLEAR 4 SIDES; 14' & UP FOR 8'-12' RED OAK 1000 (no mineral} 800 575 450 225 13' & UP FOR 14'-16' BLACK OAK 400 300 200 125 #1- CLEAR 3 SIDES; 12' & UP (14'+) CLEAR 4 SIDES; 11' Bun LOGS, 10' AND LONGER ASH 1200 (1/3 heart} 800 475 325 200 #2- CLEAR 2 SIDES; 11' & UP WHITE OAK 1000 (16'+) 450 325 250 125 PALLET LOGS - SOUND: LESS THAN 2 CLEAR ROCK OAK 450 325 250 125 SIDES; OR UNDER 11'; $100/M (non-wormy) (16'+) PLEASE NOTE: THESE GRADES ARE GUIDELINES-THE SOFT MAPLE 500 (1/2 heart) 375 275 200 125 LONGER AND/OR LARGER THE LOGS THE BASSWOOD 500 (16"+) 375 275 200 125 MORE FLEXIBLE THE GRADING. BEECH 250 (16'+) ~ 150 100 UNLOADING HOURS: TRAILERS 6:30-4:30 M-F (All BEECl::ll Q' lOGS mil Y) PICKER TRUCKS ANYTIME- . TULIP POPLAR 250 200 160 100 PLEASE MARK NAME ON LOGS BIRCH/HICKORY 150 70 EVENING PHONE #'s TOM GEROW LOG BUYER 607 -272-7367 (ALL BIRCH/HICKORY 10' ONLY) STEVE SCHAEFFER VP. 607-539-7091 CHUCK CROSS...... LOG SCALER 607-748-2912 WALNUT, 8UnERNUT, ASPEN, PINE & HEMLOCK- CALL FOR PRICES -- -ALL LOGS (INCLUDING VENEER) We Will Buy SCALED ONE BARK SCRIBNER LOG RULE-·· Stumpage and Roadside

NY FOREST OWNER 6 MARCt-VAPRIL 1993 NYFOA To Offer Free Information Service By John Marchant, Executive Director search may be requested where known. e all know there is a lot of valu- Information about what species are pur- W able information to support the chased and what wood products are pro- interests we have in our woodlots duced is available. Methods of buying and somewhere out there, but where do you selling are also available. For example do start looking for it? In an effort to offer they purchase Stumpage or Roadside or more value to our mem bers and eventually Delivered and do they sell Wholesale or all woodlot owners in New York State, Retail or all the above. NYFOA has established an information 5. State and Institutional Offices database to help locate various kinds of This is simply a listing of Cooperative information. It will be available on an 800 Extension, DEe and other government telephone number and will involve a com- offices across the state. puter search for topics of your interest The intent of this service is to aid private while you wait. Hopefully no longer than landowners in locating information and three minutes. Searches will be made in the services. In almost all cases the caller will five following categories: receive addresses and telephone numbers, 1. Literature references over the phone, after a search is success- We now have about 1000 references fully completed. In the case of some litera- and hope to double that by theendofl993. ture searches it may be useful to send The topics cover many aspects of forestry, addition hard copy but we want to keep it wildlife, and some legal matters affecting to a minimum because of the added costs. landowners. Most are Cooperative Exten- I must stress this is an experiment and sion bulletins and pamphlets, DEC publi- we need your help to find out if its worth- cations, well known textbooks (aimed at while and what would make it better. It has private woodland owners) and selected beenreviewed by a number of professional publications from the Northeast Forest natural resource managers and they agree Experiment Stations. They can be searched the need exists and this is a good first step. primarily by subject matter expressed in It is an opportunity for NYFOA to provide "Keywords". Examples of typical Key- something of value and sell ourselves in words would be: Woodlot Management; the process. Help us make it fill those Oaks; Wildlife Habitat; Deer; Taxes; Ease- needs. 2.3' -35;t~.,.,.,.,,~pto~ltam ments; etc. To use the service diaI1-800-3'j''j'-6~ rWj,I]J;7i]:nw;HwffiHjM;I~ 2. Professional Land Managers If no one is available at the time to take This category will list private consult- your call please leave your name and num- ing foresters, state service foresters, wild- ber on the answering machine and some- life biologists, ecological consultants and one will get back to you as soon as possible. other special services. They would nor- Give us a try and please give us your mally be searched for by the county in constructive ideas for making it better. We which you are interested in having a ser- would like to restrict the use of this service vice performed. Name searches will also toNYFOAmembers for thefirsr sixrnonths be available. All the areas they work in and or so. If the membership finus it useful, the services they perform will be available. then we will consider broader exposure. 3. Timber Harvesters I am indebted to several sources for Like the category above these would providing considerable information in elec- normally be searched by county or DEC tronic form without which this service area where you may be interested in having could not exist. Thomas McEvoy, Coop- timber cut for sale. Name searches will erative Extension Forester at the Univer- also be available as will all the areas they sity of Vermont supplied much of the work in and the services they provide. Literature Reference material. The New 4. Prime Users (Basically ) York State Department of Environmental These are sources who might be inter- Conservation supplied most of the listings ested in buying tim ber you are interested in for Consulting and Service Foresters, Co- selling. Searching by county would prob- operating Timber Harvesters and Primary ably be most appropriate although name Wood Users.

NY FOREST OWNER 7 MARCH/APRIL 1993 Solving The Mystery of "Maple Malady" BLAME THE PEAR THRIPS! by Janet Knodel, Mary Bartley, just when sugar maple buds are starting to Sana Gardescu, Lawrence Abrahamson, swell. At this time, they feed on foliage and Douglas Allen within expanding buds. Later, using a sa- ber -like egg-laying device (ovipositor), each INTRODUCTION female deposits 100-200 eggs in the base The adult pear thrips, Taeniothrips and veins of young, developing leaves. inconsequens, is unusual-looking and about Eggs hatch after 6-14 days, depending on the size of a comma (0.04 to 0.06 inch), the temperature, but usually by the first part with two pairs of feather-like wings (Fig. of May. The wingless larvae are pale to 1). This introduced or "exotic" insect was translucent white with red eyes, although first observed in the United States in 1904 sometimes appearing green due to the maple on pear blossoms in California. By 1907 leaf background. Larvae habitually congre- pear thrips had been reported in New York gate on the undersides of the leaves. Both on apple and pear trees. In both its native larvae and adults feed upon the foliage for Europe and in North America it attacks a 2-3 weeks. Larvae drop from the leaves variety of orchard and forest trees. Primary during mid-May to mid-June and burrow 6 hosts in the northeast include maple, bass- to 26 inches into the soil where they trans- wood, beech, walnut, oak, white ash, dog- form into overwintering adults by late Oc- wood, lilac, grape, pear, apple, cherry, tober. Adults remain in the soil within Fig.1.Adult pear thrips resting on a sugar peach, plum, apricot, and quince. protective chambers until warm soil tem- maple bud. As early as 1978, sugarmakers in Penn- peratures (above 43°F) thefollowing spring attempts at refoliation draw upon carbo- sylvania reported late spring leaf damage beckon them to emerge. hydrate reserves in the roots, which fur- on sugar maples, which was thought to be Bud development of sugar maple and ther stresses the tree. Under these condi- caused by early spring frost. However, the emergence of new generations of pear thrips tions, prudent sugar makers should use culprit that was actually responsible for from the soil occur almost simultaneously. fewer taps per tree or cease tapping previ- this injury, called "maple malady", was Herein lies the greatest threat to the welfare ously infested trees altogether the year not determined until the early 1980s when of the host. If pear thrips are able to enter following thrips damage to prevent addi- pear thrips was identified as the cause. sugar maple buds just as buds begin to tional stress. Following an explosion ofpearthrips popu- swell, but before leaves expand, they have In addition to leaf damage, scientists lations in the late '80s, it temporarily gained found a safe, dry environment within which suspect that pear thrips can transmit a stature as an economically significant pest to feed. In this refuge, the insect can wreak fungal disease, maple anthracnose. Maple in the northeastern United States. The out- havoc on newly developing foliage, espe- anthracnose infections on sugar maple break of 1988 left over a million and a half cially if buds develop slowly. The thrips frequently coincide with pear thrips infes- acres of sugar maples leafless or with pierces leaf tissue with a straw-like, pierc- tations. This disease decreases the photo- brown and distorted foliage. Consequently, ing-sucking mouthpart, then siphons out considerable public and political concern the plant's juices, which creates a shriv- synthetic ability of leaves and, in severe cases, it can be fatal. The recent increase focused for the first time on the negative eled, discolored and wilted leaf (Fig. 2). in maple anthracnose, possibly spread by impact of pear thrips on sugar maple and Heavy feeding, followed by oviposition maple products. damage, can seriously deform sugar maple pear thrips, poses yet another potential threat to the overall health of sugar maple leaves. A heavily infested tree may drop forests. LIFE CYCLE AND DAMAGE these damaged leaves and attempt to pro- Despite the fact that pear thrips has only duce a new complement of foliage. Such one generation each year and spends most A SURVEY OF PEAR THRIPS of its life in the soil, it has spread success- POPULATIONS IN NEW fully across the Northeast. One factor con- Wendell Hatfield YORK'S SUGARBUSHES tributing to the dispersal and build-up of Pear thrips can be monitored using this pest lies in the nature of its sex life. All (Over 35 years experience) several different techniques: soil sam- pear thrips in this country are females General Excavation, pling, emergence traps, bud counts, and which reproduce asexually (without males). Road Construction, visual traps.Visual traps in commercial Males have been observed only in the sugarbushes were used in our New York indigenous European populations. Females Wetlands Enhancement, survey to monitor population levels in do not need to spend time searching for a Ponds and Drainage 1990 and 1991. Traps were placed at 13 mate, therefore, they can begin to feed and sites in 12 counties during 1990, and at 17 lay eggs as soon as they emerge from the R.D. 2, Moravia, NY 13118 sites in 15 counties during 1991. In the soil at the end of March or early in April, (315) 497-1398 spring of 1992, trapping has continued at

NY FOREST OWNER 6 MARCI-VAPRIL 1993 12 sites in 12 counties. Our survey is part of a larger effort in conjunction with 17 other states, and its goal is to monitor the damage caused by pear thrips as well as the insect's distribution and abundance. Sup- port for the survey is provided by the National Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey (CAPS), a program of USDA - Animal and Plant Health Inspection Ser- vice (APHIS). Pear thrips was present in all of the counties surveyed in New York State dur- ing 1990 and 1991. The first trap catch of adult pear thrips in 1990 occurred between March 17th and 24th. In 1991 the first trap catch occurred much later - between April 3rd and 10th. Peak trap capture, however, was at approximately the same time both years- between April 21stand 28th in 1990 Fig. 2A sugar maple leaf damaged by pear thrips. and between April 24th and May 1st in 1991. The highest average trap counts in fed on newly germinated sugar maple seed- example, the number of thrips present in 1990 exceeded 100 thrips per day. In con- lings in large numbers (10-100 larvae per soil from the previous fall, thrips winter trast, 7 was the highest average count per seedling), the cotyledons and leaves soon survival rates, and the impact of local day in 1991. The difference between the shriveled and died. At this early stage the weather conditions on thrips emergence average number captured per day during seedlings were not able to refoliate, and and damage levels. As mentioned above, the peak emergence week decreasedfour- within a week many died. If one is not the most important variable appears to be teen fold from 1990 to 1991! consciously searching the woods for seed- the phenological synchrony between bud Defoliation and leaf quality ratings were lings during the first few weeks in May, it development and thrips emergence, so 1988 also estimated in mid-June each year ofthe is easy to overlook this impact on sugar may very well have been a "fluke"! Never- survey in order to determine the extent of maple by pear thrips, because by mid-June theless, with improved awareness the sugar pear thrips damage. At most sites, defolia- the dead seedlings have disappeared. maple industry will be better prepared to tion caused by pear thrips was low « 30%) Nevertheless, sugar maple seedlings deal with this tiny pest in the years to come! or absent in 1990. Only slight leaf discol- remain abundant in most northern hard- The authors would like to especially oration and distortion occurred in sites wood forests. Even at sites where thrips thank M. Heinmiller, editor of Integrated with low defoliation. Extent of damage were numerous there were occasional years PestManagementSupport Group at Cornell appeared to be associated with the close when the crop of new sugar maple seeds University,for her careful and invaluable timing of peak thrips emergence with the was especially large, such as 1985 and editing of this article. We would also like to occurrence of the most susceptible stage of 1990, and some of the seedlings survived extend their gratitude to: M. Birmingham, sugar maple bud development (early bud the thrips damage. D. Fasking, S. Warne and T. Wolfe ofNYS stage - "bud break"). Thus, given the rela- DEC; C. Clift and R. Gaines of USDA- tively late emergence dates cited above for FUTURE IMPACT OF PEAR THRIPS APHIS; L. Staats of Cornell Extension 1991, it is not surprising that defoliation ON SUGAR MAPLES Service; D. Marion and 1. Jones ofCom- was almost totally absent that year. It is clear that pear thrips will be a munity College 'of the Finger Lakes; D. permanent resident in northeastern hard- Dale of Western Delaware Tech Center, SUGARMAPLEREGENERATION wood forests and will continue to be asso- BOCES; J. Gibbons and J. McKelvey, Jr., In a study of sugar maple regeneration ciated with sugar maples. Although pear sugar maple growers. in Tompkins County, New York, pear thrips thrips has been recognized as one of the was the most numerous and damaging major insect pests contributing to the re- cent "maple dieback," the current trend of insect that fed on tree seedlings. At sites Ken Westfall (607) 693·1031 where pear thrips was abundant, most of decreasing pear thrips populations is en- the newly emerging seedlings died after couraging. We may never know exactly being fed upon by thrips larvae. This hap- why a pear thrips outbreak of such magni- APPALACHIN FORESTRY pened even in years when thrips damage to tude occurred in the northeastern United P. O. Box 208 Harpursville, NY 13787 overstory trees was low to moderate. In States in 1988. Research is presently fo- SERVICES & TIMBER APPRAISAL mid- to late-May, pear thrips larvae that cused on finding biological control agents T.S.I. Work Done feed in the tree canopy dropped to the to manage pear thrips populations, such as forest floor, or were washed off overstory naturally occurring soil fungi. Current stud- Marketing Forest Products ies also examine ecological factors that leaves by a heavy rain. Many of these & Forest Properties· larvae crawled onto understory plants to affect pear thrips populations and their 'licensed for real estate feed before going underground. If the thrips ability to cause extensive damage. For

NY FOREST OWNER 9 MARCI-VAPRIL 1993 (ALLEGHENyr~~C-==OOTHILLS-=H==-..) ::::KARENAPTER VEDAREPORTS ANDERSON C;::;;:.....;~C~E~N=TR==AL~=N=E=W~\',..,..,·(=)R--) =K~··

On Jan. 16 a few AFC'ers attended the Karen Anderson died January 28, NFC/AFC Joint Pot Luck dinner at Hol- 1993 after a short illness. land. The AFC's Bruce Robinson gave a Karen joined NYFOA in 1986. slide presentation on wildlife habitat. She was one of the founders of the ' Feb. 27 a winter picnic in Allegany Allegheny Foothills Chapter. A cer- State Park with a walk focusing on identi- tified Tree Farmer, Karen managed fying tracks in the snow. and enjoyed her 70 acres. She was At the Stewardship Incentive Program always planting and experimenting; (SIP) sign-up and informational meeting American Chestnuts, walnuts any held by the ASCS in the Ellicottville Coop- variety of tree or shrub that came her erative Extension Building on Jan. 23 the way. AFC catered lunch for the crowd of over Karen was a board member of the 200. This brain child of Audrey Childs Nannen Arboretum in Ellicottville netted the AFC treasury $596. 25. Lots of members gave freely of their time and and helped design and begin an arbo- talents to-make this come off smoothly. retum at Beaver Meadow Audubon On March 27 at 10 a.m. we will meet at Center in Java; of which she was an the Jamestown Audubon Center, 1600Riv- active member and volunteer. I I erside Road, Frewsberg, N.Y. to tour the Karen retired in 1977 after 30 II grounds and discuss the new arboretum on years (and 1/2 day!) at New York II We recently held parts one and two of premises. Ted Griez will lead our group. telephone. She retired to take up full II a three part program at Vern Hudson's For more information call Al Brown at time. work as a volunteer to many, " ' Tree Farm. Part one was a timber cruise with John Thorington, a Consulting For- 716-763-9067. many organizations and as a vital, energetic friend to hundreds. It would ester. He led the group of twenty-five people through Vem's woodlot and showed just wear ANYONE out to follow us why we marked the trees. We discussed ( ...... HTtOGA.···· Karen around for one day. She was a ) the harvest of the timber and future plans builder, a planter, an organizer, a On a cold and snowy December 4th, I for the forest Part two was watching the volunteer, a prime mover. Tioga Chapter members enjoyed the I actual timber harvest and talking with the warmth of a wood stove and friendly con- The Allegheny Foothills Chapter ' logger that is doing the job. Part three will versation at the Arnot Forest in VanEtten. can thank Karen for hundreds of I be to go back in two years and see the The dish-to-pass dinner was superb, as was dollars earned selling items at our I change in the forest and how the under- Alan Knight'spresentationonpastNYFOA activities and for hours spent col- I growth has come in. It will also be interest- tours to Austria, Germany, Scandinavia, lecting walnuts and balsam cones to ing to see how the logger repaired the and Canada. Our "Christmas Dinner" door sell. We can thank her for dozens of I many miles of road that was put in for the prizes included a wreath donated by the new members, too. Karen was al- harvest. Knights, NYFOA signs and patches, and ways good-humored with the ready I We have added some new members to our steering committee and would like to various chainsaw operating essentials sup- smile, the hug, the paton the back for thank them. They are: Vem Hudson, Bob plied at cost by Signs Equipment of Owego, all of us. She never needed to be I Sykes, Pete and Judy Gianforte. They join NY. A nice pair of chainsaw chaps was asked, she always pitched right in Bill and Clara Minerd, Dr. Allen Horn, won by Alan Knight. chairing committees, greeting new Jack Cottrell and Tom Ellison on the steer- The next scheduled program is a horse comers, brainstorming at meetings. ing committee. logging seminar, cosponsored by the End- We in the AFC will miss this less Mountains Draft Horse Club. The fountain of encouragement, ideas C_. __ T_H_R_ll_'T_A_F_FI_I_JI_A_T_E-=--.:..-) program will run for two days, March 27 & and fun. Her hundreds of friends will 28 at John Walker's farm on Diamond miss the one person who always On December 3 at 6 PM the Colton's Valley Road in Tioga County. We had a seemed to have time for the little, hosted members of the THRIFT Council to their Annual Holiday DinnerTheresultsof similar program last year, which was very extra acts of thoughtfulness that the recent election were announced: well received. meant so much. All the organiza- JEFFERSON COUNTY - George Bibbins tions to which she belonged will I' Jr., Charles Valentine, and Charles Sprague; miss this committed, generous I LEWIS COUNTY -DaveLum,FredMunk, woman who gave so much time and and Glen Roberts: ONEIDA COUNTY - talent to each and every cause in I, Stanley Bates, Bernard Davies, and Robert which she believed and which she so Watson; and OSWEGO COUNTY -Harold ardently supported. Petrie, Richard Marks, and Connie Smith.

NY FOREST OWNER 1 0 MARCI-VAPRIL 1993 ( WESTERN FINGER LAKES) CNORTHERN ADIRONDACK) C ~SO~U~T~H~E~R~N~T~IE~)R~ NAC Staff wants to congratulate the The January 20th Meeting included as NACers who attended the last MFO con- its main topic - A Presentation of the ference: Gerald and Deborah Smith, American Chestnut Foundation, by Herb Donald H. O'Shea and Theo and Harry Darling. The foundation's goal is to re- Howe. Additional thanks to Theo and store this great tree to its former place in Harry Howe for promoting NYFOA, re- the forest; and they have many dedicated sulting in two new members. Harry, did volunteers across the state. The meeting- you get your NYFOA cap and patch? was well attended and Herb answered all Theo and Harry are also responsible for the questions to everyone's satisfaction. a great article, Master ForestOwners Share Our March meeting will consist of a Their Knowledge in the Watertown Daily woodswalk: hosted by Eric Randall. Eric is Times, Jan. 20. We also want to thank a professor of botany at the University of Mike Bridgen for bringing in a new mem- Buffalo, and is active in the production of ber. Mike, you will soon receive your cap maple syrup. We will follow this product and patch. It seems NAC is on a "roll". Hope our members keep it going! of the woods from tree to container. The site is located in Genesee County on Smith (CATSKILL FOREST ASSOCIATION) FieldRoadoffUS Route 20 near Alexander. Eileen VanWie has graciously agreed After four years of service to CF A, Frank Rose of the State Tree Farm to serve as Chairman for the Chapter. Kathleen Farnum has resigned as Execu- Committee addressed the December Meet- tive Director. Her skills, common sense ing. Frank discussed the Tree Farm Sys- (§OUTHEASTADIRONDACK~ and enthusiasm will be missed as CF A tem, including future changes that will be prepares its up coming programs. While implemented. He also reviewed lumber, she attends graduate school in Albany, prices and trends as he has witnessed them. Our last meeting was indoors at Crandall Kathleen will remain a part-time consult- in his profession and as lumber buyer for; Library in Glens Falls with 22 people ant to CFA, offering her experience for Cotten-Hanlon, Inc. participating. The subject was cutting prop- special assignments. Thanks, Kathleen, Property value reassessment was the, erty taxes. John Hastings, Senior Environ- for all your help. subject for the January meeting. Finegam mental Conservation Service Forester, in- Dinnie Sloman will succeed Kathleen and Associates, consultant for Broome: troduced the speakers. Pam Cali discussed as Executive Director. After practicing County, explained the reassessment pro-- some tax relief options: property ease- law in Boston for a few years, Dinnie cess and how an individual property owner ments such as conservation, agricultural earned a Master of Forestry degree from can interact with the process. and historic preservation. These easements the Yale School of Forestry and Environ- The next meeting will be the annual mental Studies. He has practiced forestry are an indirect form of zoning that require pot-luck supper on March 26th at the as a volunteer with NYS DEC Region 4 in Cornell Cooperative Extension Building owners to give up some property rights. Stamford, NY, and as an employee of the on Front Street in Binghamton, beginning Joe Driscoll, Washington County USDA Forest Service Northeastern Ex- at 6 PM. The evening's speaker will be SWCD Manager, discussed agricultural periment Station inventory and analysis Chad Covey, the new DEC Region 7 chief assessments that allow up to 50 acres of unit based in Herkimer, NY. Good luck forester. Chad will discuss DEC forestry woodland to be considered under agricul- with your new position. programs and future forestry trends. The tural assessment. Steven Warne, Senior CF A continues to search for markets meeting will also include door prizes. Service Forester, answered questions on that broaden the opportunity f -. forest ( NIAGARAFRON'rIER ) i section 480-A of the Real Property Tax owners to conduct forest stand improve- Law. Since getting involved with ease- men t operations in marginal forest stands. Our Jan 16th Pot Luck Dinner in Hol- ments and tax incentive programs requires This winter we have expanded our sales of land was attended by 40+ people, who considerable study and even legal advice, 1 cubic foot firewood bundles. If your enjoyed a fine dinner and a slide presenta- we were pleased to be given a large packet forester has suggested an improvement tion by Bruce Robinson on Wildlife Habi- of literature on the subject. harvest but loggers are not interested in tat. Richard Nelson gave an interesting talk bidding on the job, please call CF A. Feb. 15 we hosted a tour of Attica· on the American Chestnut Foundation. CFA is cooperating with New York Package Co. following logs through the mill as they are made into lumber. Anyone interested in literature or in orga- ReLeaf and other organizations to plan a The steering committee is working on nizing a local chapter please write Mr. workshop. New York ReLeaf is organizing a number of workshops several woodswalksand activities for the Nelson at Box 196, Warrensburg, N.Y. throughout the state, with one taking place spring and summer. Call Tom Casey at 12885. in the southern Catskill region on May 8, 716-322-7398 or watch the AFC/NFC A maple sugar tour to be announced in 1993 and another in Schenectady on June Newsletter for upcoming events. our next newsletter. 5,1993.

NY FOREST OWNER 1 1 MARCI-VAPRIL 1993 NYFOA's Cayuga Chapter, the Arbor Day Letter of President Theodore Roosevelt U.S. Civilian Conservation Corps, To the School Children of the United States the 5th Cabin Fever Festival, and rborDay(whichmeanssimply''Tree will soon vanish, and with them all their 2000 people celebrated inMoravia's Day")is now observed in every state benefits. A true forest is not merely a Fillmore Glen State Park. A in our Union- and mainly in the storehouse full of wood, but, as it were, a schools. At various times, from January to factory of wood, and at the same time a December, but chiefly in this month of reservoir of water. When you help to pre- April, you give a day or part of a day to serve our forests or plant new ones you are special exercises and perhaps to actual tree acting the part of good citizens. The value planting, in recognition of the importance of forests deserves, therefore, to be taught of trees to us as a nation, and of what they in the school, which aim to make good yield in adornment, comfort, and useful citizens of you. products to the communities in which you If your Arbor Day exercises help you to live. realize what benefits each one of you re- It is well that you should celebrate your ceives from the forests, and how by your Arbor Day thoughtfully, for within your assistance these benefits may continue, lifetime the Nation's need of trees will they will serve a good end. become serious. We of an older generation THEODORE ROOSEVELT can get along with what we have, though The White House, April 15, 1907 with growing hardship; but in your full manhood and womanhood you will want The cause of our American Trees was what nature once so bountifully supplied, taken up and zealously advocated by a "Lfee" Signor, CCC alumnus, NYFOA's and man so thoughtlessly destroyed; and number of public-spirited men, prominent plaque and Cc;C road. because of that want you will reproach us, among whom was B.G. Northrup, but the not for what we have used, but for what we official father of the movement was J. have wasted. Sterling Morton, secretary of Agriculture For the nation, as for the man or woman during President Cleveland's second term. or boy or girl, the road to success is the right Before being appointed to that post, Morton use of what we have and the improvement was a member of the Nebraska State Board of present opportunity. If you neglect to of Agriculture, in 1872. He offered a reso- prepare yourselves now for the duties and lution to that Board that April 10th of that responsibilities which will fall upon you year should be set aside as "tree planting later, if you do not learn the things which day". The resolution was adopted with the you will need to know when your school recommendation that people throughout days are over, you will suffer the conse- the state plant trees on the day designated, quences. So any nation which in its youth andaprizeof$l00. would go to the agricul- lives only for the day, reaps without sow- tural society of the county that planted the . NYFOA display with bluebird and bat ing, and consumes without husbanding, largest number of trees. For an individual houses. must expect the penalty of the prodigal, with the largest number of trees planted a whose labor could with difficulty find him farm library worth $25. was the prize. Photos by Ivan Clark the bare means of life. Newspapers were asked to give the idea The 5th Annual Festival was expanded by A people without children would face a good coverage, and the result was more the Alliance of Parents and Teachers with hopeless future; a country without trees is than one million trees were planted on the 26 arts & crafts participants at the Millard almost as hopeless; forests which are so first Arbor Day in Nebraska Later, a pro- Fillmore Elementary School. used that they cannot renew themselves vision was added in the Constitution of Nebraska saying that "the increased value of lands, by reason of live fences, fruit and Nolan's forest trees grown and cultivated thereon, Sporting Supplies _~ CLEAR CREEK shall not be taken into account in the assess- ment thereof."! Outdoor Equipment Specialist ~~~ CONSULTING ProfeSSional Forestry Services I. Schauffler, Robert Haven: Arbor Day ·37 • 47 Genesee Street nmber Appraisals • nmber Marking • Moffat, Yard and Co. 1911 Auburn, NY 13021 Timber Trespasses • Plans And Other Forestry Services By special Act of the NY State Legislature. 3151252·7249 PATRICK J. McGLEW P.O. Box 104 Arbor Day is the last Friday in April. (607) 699-3846 Nichols, NY 13812 1. Sterling Morton spent his childhood in New York State. NY FOREST OWNER 12 MARCI-VAPRIL 1993 "Right to Practice Forestry" Law Passed in PA he Pennsylvania General Assembly issue. recently passed, and the Governor Specifically the amended language T signed into law, a provision that reads: recognizes forestry practices as a legiti- Section 603. Ordinances Provision - (f) mate land use activity that should not be Zoning Ordinances may not unreasonably prevented through unreasonable regula- restrict forestry activities. tion, according to the Hardwood Lumber After the House amended and passed Manufacturers' Association of Penn sylva- the bill on November 18, the Senate fmally nia(HLMA). concurred with the amendments and the Known as the Right to Practice Forestry bill went to the Governor. bill, the legislation took more than one There was no opposition to the bill on its year to pass through the legislative pro- merits. Other groups that actively sup- cess. ported HLMA's initiative included: In ad- The bill was in response to a prolifera- dition to the Pennsylvania State Associa- tion of anti-timber harvesting ordinances tion of Township Supervisors, the Penn- at the local level. Many of the township sylvaniaForestIndustry Association, Penn- ordinances as proposed are not practical or sylvania Builders Association, and Penn- too costly for landowners planning timber sylvania Landowners Association. harvests. Such "unreasonable" ordinances reportedly prevented the harvesting oftim- Reprinted from THE NORTHERN WG- ber or did not allow the application of GER AND TIMBER PROCESSOR FEB. sound silvicultural principles. 93. With the possibility of the more than 1500 townships in Pennsy lvaniaof propos- PONDS UNLIMITED ing such ordinances, the potential for im- proper forest management was significant. INVITES yOU •••• Consequently, the HLMA set out to amend to think of all of the benefits you the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning could enjoy from having a pond or Code (MPC) in an effort to address the a lake on your own property. This idea could become a reality if the right conditions prevail. From our Bruce E. experience it normally requires favorable watershed conditions, good site conditions, owner- Robinson, commitment to stewardship for enhancement of forest land values. Inc. appropriate engineering planning FORESTRY and design, and good construction practices. CONSULTANTS PONDS UNLIMITED CAN • MARKING & MARKETING EVALUATE the site of your • TREE FARM MANAGEMENT • & choice. We can provide all of the COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT engineering services needed to • TIMBER APPRAISALS plan, design and oversee the JOHN GIFFORD 716/664-5604 (8) • ACCESS ROAD DESIGN & SUPERVISION construction of a dam to create a Broker 716/487 -9709 (R) • TREE PLANTING Vice President, Reol Estote • TUBEX® DISTRIBUTOR handsome pond or lake on suitable ..~:~1: ~ • SUGAR BUSH MANAGEMENT property. You can get additional I-!~.'· ~~~.-. • BOUNDARY MAINTENANCE • CHRISTMAS TREE MANAGEMENT -1/~'~-:A-~;\.-:.~~;-~-.~., information by calling 315/442- • FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANNING • FOREST RECREATION PLANNING POND or sending a letter of TIMBERiAND·,',·REALTY • WOODLOT IMPROVEMENTS IN inquiry to: IMMATURE STANDS SAlES. kauistTiQNS ~ Al'>PAAISALS • WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT PONDS UNLIMITED .!~·;;t?'/s."~~~,;, • FOREST TAXATION PLANNING 719 E. Genesee st. A Division ~FORECON. Inc. (716) 665-5477 Syracuse, NY 13210

Crown Building. 100 E. Second Street 1894 CAMP ST. EXT, 315/422-7663 Jomestown, NY 14701 FAX/476-3635

NY FOREST OWNER 13 MARCI-VAPRIL 1993 NYFOA, Our Forest Lands and the Next Thirty Years nizational skills and leadership interests creased to 15.4 million, an acreage reduc- and are becoming better known through- tion trend which is expected to continue out the forestry community, we might even well into the future. The inventory volume venture to guess a little higher, say 5000 by is up to 1414 cu.ft. per acre and the growth 2Q23. to removal ratio has become 1.7 to 1.0. What about our forest lands? Where are After another decade, 2010, commer- they headed and what will they look like by cial forest land is down to 14.6 million 2023? As I mentioned above the following acres and the inventory volume has in- material was taken, almost verbatim, from creased slightly to 1500 cu.ft. per acre and the Resource Bulletin NE-80. The analysis is leveling off. The growth to removal ratio was based on the USDA Forest Service is now 1.2 to 1.0. A short extrapolation of survey conducted for New York State in these data show that by the year 2016 we 1978 and 1979 and dated 1980. I am aware will be removing the same amount of of the risk of oversimplification of very wood we are growing. In that year the complex issues by lifting a selected set of commercial forest land acreage projects to data out of its larger context, but! sincerely 14.3 million acres, the inventory volume By John Marchant, Executive Director feel it provides a valid perspective for our has leveled off at 1520 cu.ft. per acre and Because this issue of the Forest Owner purposes. For those interested in more by definition the growth to removal ratio is is celebrating the thirtieth anniversary of detail I highly recommend obtaining a 1 to 1. the New York Forest Owners Association copy of NE-80. Unfortunately, a more With these numbers in mind let us look it is only natural that someone addresses recent survey will not be available for at the assumptions used to make the projec- the question "What will NYFOA and our another year or two and I have taken the tions to better understand what is happen- forested lands be like in the next thirty liberty of making a slight extrapolation to ing and address the question "Is this what years?" Since my own crystal ball has long find the year in which we are just growing we want to be happening?" since developed multiple cracks I accepted as much wood fiber as is being removed. I Assumption 1. After 1990 abandoned the request with considerable reservations. chose that particular point because it rep- farm land will not be converting to young Although I am willing to venture some resents an interesting turning point in the forest as fast as forest land will be cleared guesses about what NYFOA could be like, broader perspective. We must remember for housing and business developments. I am not the person to present a technical however, that the equality of fiber volume This results in the peak of increasing forest assessment about the future of our forests. grown and removed says nothing about the land in 1990 and the slow but continual I do however, believe the two should be quality ofthat fiber. At the present time we decline into the future. closely connected and considered together. are undoubtedly, on average, removing Assumption 2. Growth rates averaged Therefore Ihave chosen to use the projec- higher quality fiber than we are growing. over all species on commercial forest land, tions made by Thomas J. Considine, Jr. in Of the 18.5 million acres of forested for projected volumes, were held constant the Northeastern Forest Experiment Sta- land in New York State, 15.4 million were at 36 cu.ft. per acre per year. This value tion Resource Bulletin NE-80, titled "An classified as commercial forest land at the is felt to be realistic but conservative, Analysis of New York's Timber Re- end of the 1980 survey. The mix was 75% considering New York's forests are ca- sources", to give us the forestry side of our hardwoods and 25% softwoods, the inven- pable of growing almost twice as much. thirty year view into the future. tory of growing stock volume for all spe- Assumption 3. Removals are expected The President's Message in this issue cies was 1024 cubic feet per acre and we to increase between 3 and 4 percent per reminds us that NYFOA began with just a were growing 2.8 times more wood than year from 1980 on.All removals do not end few dedicated individuals in 1963. Using was being removed. Keep in mind that up as products from the forest but this the past decade as an indicator, its safe to these numbers came from real measure- percentage of removal compounds each say that growth has been fairly steady. We ments out of the survey.The numbers that year and should reflect a moderatel y grow- have grown from a very few to 1600within follow are a prediction of what is most ing market for New York State timber this thirty year span. We have 13 chapters likely to happen in the coming years. resources. and/or affiliates across the state; and, al- For 1990 Considine predicted we would Therefore, if things remain as they are though we have tried a number of ways to have 16.2 million acres of commercial we can expect a slight but constant de- increase membership, we continue to fol- forest land which represents a peak in a crease in forest land acreage with a still low the straight line pattern. Consequently growth curve that has been on the increase increasing inventory until about 2016. At one might predict that unless we find new since the turn of the century. The inventory the removal rate used for these projections, ways to identify and contact potential volume in 1990 was projected to be 1241 it should be years more before our forest members, we will probably continue on cu.ft. per acre and a growth to removal resource supply would be in serious diffi- that same growth curve and have 3200 ratio of 2.2 to 1.0. culty from over use. Certainly not a bad members in 2023. Since we are attracting By 2000 the number of acres in com- prognosis but not as optimistic as it could some exceptional people with good orga- mercial forest land will have slightly de- be.

NY FOREST OWNER 14 MARCH/APRIL 1993 How optimistic coulditbeand what can next three years instead of waiting for have to start. There may be other ways to we do to make that happen? There is at thirty? If we can do that, we will be affect- become a large and effective force but least one clear area of opportunity. In the ing the destiny of our organization and in none of us have been able to find it yet. The simplest terms it involves improving the turn, that of our forested lands. I fmnly idea of every member encouraging other growth rate and associated health of our believe with increasing growth and the forest owner neighbors and acquaintances timber stands from the 36 cu.ft./acre/year associated effectiveness we can have a to become members is as close to a sure to something approaching twice that or significant impact on the education and thing as you can find. It is THE way for us more. Achieving that goal requires a broad, motivation of the thousands of private to control our own destiny and that of our effective educational program reaching forest land owners in New York State beloved forest lands. nearly 250,000 private forest landowners which is vital to changing the future health, We can sit back and accept what the and some kind of financial incentive to productivity and overall value of our for- next thirty years are likely to bring by their help them implement the message of that ests. own design or we can roll up our sleeves program. A very tall order? Yes, but there is at and have it come out more to our liking the The key is getting thousands of private least one simple way to take a giant step choice is ours. owners to recognize the value of managing forward, fast. If most members of NYFOA their woodlots and providing some kind of will take it upon themselves to get one new financial incentive to make things happen member every year we could be over on the ground. Realistic tax abatements, at 100,000 strong before the turn of the cen- least where forest management is being tury. If most of these members practice Thorington practiced, is one good example. The Fed- forest management on their own lands we Forestry Service eral SIP program is another. But NO- will make enormous progress toward our BODY, Federal or State governments, pri- goal of increasing both the quality and ****** vate organizations or industry has been productivity of our forests. As an organiza- 16 Years Experience able to make significant progress to date. tion we have a tremendous opportunity to New Low Rates in Effect Recent cooperative efforts between in- drive this issue, perhaps better than any PLUS 100/0Discount volved institutions and organizations such. other. That's not to say NYFOA can do it For NYFOA Members as the Federal SIP program, NYSDEC, alone. But we can provide the initial inter- 1025 Skyhigh Rd., Tully, NY 13159 NYFOA, Tree Farm, and ESFP A have est and motivation to the greatest number shown promise but are only a beginning. of forest land owners, and that's how you 315-696-8002 What if we don't wait thirty years for NYFOA to grow large enough to become a more effective educator and pace setter. Stop Losing What if we decide to grow to 5000 in the Your Seedlings

Seedling trees need two thirg;: Prctectim and moisture. Tubex Treeshelters give them both.

A 4 foot Tubex installed -- VOSS Signs over a 12 inch seedling Dept, NIT. Box 553. Manlius. N.Y. 13104 keeps it safe from animals, Ph. (315) 682-6418 herbicides, and rn",,,n,,,,,,,.1 (Mon.·Fri. 9-5) It also captures humidity, F'lmUy Owned &; Operated for ouer '.5 years like a mini-greenhouse, increasing survival and growth ... everything a seedling needs to become Pete's Paint the crop tree you want. Extremely durable, highly visible tree marking paint Avaiallio ilload hoe blue,.,d loaded "''''99,.,d yellow. Call today for a FREE

(Lead froepm is awilabl. t> consul/ant IoI8StIKS oriy) catalog. Written by Competitively priced, Locally produced foresters, it explains how I can r.il yw: ClIlS to ~ recycle and ~ the enwonmenl Tree Farmers nationwide ' This pailt ClIl be slipped UPS use Tubex to make their at no hazardous material surcharge. regeneration Pans 5UCCeSSfuI. 1-800-24 TUBEX A to Z Forestry (1-800-248-8239) 2523 Carson Rd .• Cortland NY 13045 PHONE/FAX 607/849-6045 .tub.x· NY FOREST OWNER 15 MARCH/APRIL 1993 LAMENT FOR A LAW By Henry S. Kernan of the advantage of an 80 per cent reduc- teet towns with a narrow tax base and high eNIPFO's(Non-lndustrialPrivate tion of the tax bill, 480-a has not had wide land values. Moreover land use can be W Forest Owners) are due a careful appeal. Less than four per cent of the influenced in ways other than manipulat- and critical look at 480-a. This state's eligible forest land is enrolled. Re- ing the tax base: easements, zoning, ordi- amendment to the real property tax has gardless of the level of exemption, owners nances, weight limits on roads and bridges, been the forest tax law since 1974 and in do not readily give up the option of con- and cost-sharing for the forest practices operation since 1977. Of interest are the verting their land to uses more profitable desired. results attained and the lessons to be learned. than forest, conversions which the general The full title of the Report is "The 480- The law reflects problems and circum- real property taxing system assumes under a Forest Tax Program: Utilization, Ad- stances twenty years ago. If they have the doctrine of highest and best use as ministration and Fiscal Impact." The changed, 480-a should be adjusted accord- revealed by markets forreal property. Other author is Jerome McCall. It is available ingly. disincentives to participation are the costs from the Board's OfficeofPolicy-Analy- In November 1992 the State Board of of enrollment with renewal every five years sis and Development, 10 Sheridan Av- Equalization and Assessment published and the eventual stumpage tax set by a state enue, Albany, NY 12210-2714. Should a study or the forest tax law. The certain- employee's judgement as to the timber's the law come under critical review and ties of the real property tax are the crucial worth. revision, NIPFO's will have a chance to fact of forest land ownership in New York, make their views heard. Our most con- far more than the risks of fire, insects, DO WE NEED ONE? WHY? structive voice will come from our experi- trespass and disease. If forests really are Forest land deserves special tax treat- ence of owning and managing forest land. important for economic, social and envi- ment because of low productivity of sal- ronmental reasons, society has an interest able products, low demands for public THE EVILS OF REGULATION in how they are taxed. Society also has an services, and high values to the general My forest farm is just under 1000 acres. interest in us small, non- industrial, private public. Such considerations did not shape In 1947 the real property taxes were $342. forest owners. We number over half a 480-a The threat of timber shortage did. By 1978 they were that, with a zero and million in New York and own some 13.5 The purpose was to grow and market more 480-a looked tempting. I prepared a man- million acres of forestland. Our annual real timber. Hence the acreage and timber crop agement plan, enrolled my forest and re- property taxes are about $123 million and requirements excluded some 5.5 million ceived reduced tax bills. The plan called our sales of timber about $99 million. acres of forestland and most NIPFO 's. The for 10 acres ofTSI in December 1979 and threat does not have the force of twenty lOin January 1980. My son came home for WHO USES THE LAW? years ago. Reported inventories of grow- a month in December and we finished the The Board's Report states the results of ing stock, trends of stumpage prices and 20 acres. I had requested a change in the 480-a insofar as data allow. In 1992 forest comparisons of growth with removals have management plan and revised the plan. acreage certified under the law was 306,577 not revealed serious timber shortages. In- Approval came in March. In the meantime acres -- 1.99 per cent of New York's com- dications are that New York's timber re- I was afoul of the law and subject to a fine mercial forest land. In 1990, the law had sources are increasing at rates which alarm of $6840. I withdrew my land and disre- enrolled 1401 parcels with an equalized oJ11ythe prophets of doom. Moreover study garded a notice of violation. Fortunately exempt value of $88 million and a tax shift after study has also revealed that we the county treasurer disregarded the notice of $2.3 million. NIPFO's are not primarily growers and also and I heard no more. State-wide those figures are minuscule. marketers of timber. We have our several Like the manager of any enterprise I In the same year there were 1,067,128 reasons for owning forest land and paying have a plan in mind but must take opportu- exemptions with for all reasons an equal- real property taxes in excess of stumpage nities when they come by. Iplant, prune, do ized exempt value of $275 billion. Never- receipts, but the selling of timber for a net TSI, mark and conduct sales as time, help theless the forest tax law is not a local profit is not the principal one. Nor is timber and markets allow, not as granted by a option and can seriously erode the tax base shortage within their state an urgent con- legally enforceable document prepared to of townships which have much forest but cern of the general citizenry. cover ten years. I cannot anticipate every few buildings or land in other uses to tax. Most of all, New Yorkers want their sale and I cannot do 50 acres of TSI each Exemptions are concentrated in four coun- forests to be purveyors of open space, of year, nor can I pay and supervise others to ties of the Catskill-Lower Hudson region wildlife, water, fresh air and the beauty of do that amount of work, not with compen- and in the Adirondack county of Essex. landscapes; not spoiled and fragmented sation insurance at 56 per cent of the wage. Sullivan County's Town of Lumberton has into sprawling, dispersed development. The My schedule of woods work depends upon over 15 per cent of the state-wide exempt forest tax law addresses those concerns the season, the weather, who can help me values. only incidentally except for rare species. and other determinants. I spend about 250- In contrast to forest tax laws in several Were 480-a (currently 27 pages long) to hours a year working in my woods. Good other states, New Hampshire for example, use its methods to promote these wider management requires me to plan and carry New York's tax law is not mandated and values, the effect upon the local tax base out that work as circumstances allow. That does not apply to all private forest land. To and the DEC with present staff would be is an option I cannot give up, tax exemption qualify, a parcel must have at least 50 devastating. or no tax exemption. contiguous acres and be devoted to the The Report suggests more flexibility in Last winter a logger stopped by looking production of a merchantable forest crop. the management plans and reimbursement forred pine. We visited my and The owner must take the initiative. In spite for tax shifts above a certain level to pro- signed a contract. I marked the trees for

NY FOREST OWNER 16 MARCH/APRIL 1993 sale; he paid me in advance, and went to work the next day. A 30 days' notice to the Bob Sand and Jim Coufal DEC would have lost me the sale. Later a neighbor's son wanted to earn money dur- ing his vacation cutting firewood. We made Elected "Fellows" by Foresters an agreement and went to work, I marking By Dave Taber and commitment to promoting steward- and he cutting as his schedule allowed. Robert M. Sand and James E. Coufal ship. His professional contributions to There were no 30 days' notice; no inspec- are renowned for their contributions to NYFOA since its origin; to the former tion by a DEC forester, and no payment to forestry. In 1992 the national Society of Empire Forest System, as a director; and to the county of six per cent of what the American Foresters (SAF) bestowed well the NYS AF as its chair, are just a few ofthe forester thought the trees were worth. earned honors on them by granting each highlights that exemplify his continual Another aspect of 480-a made me hesi- the grade of "Fellow," with its prestige dedication to promoting excellence in for- tate to enroll and relieved to drop out. Only and status. estry. Bob,asChairoftheNYFOA Awards forest land devoted to the production of As recipients of one of the highest Committee, is well known for his gracious merchantable timber crop is eligible. My awards a professional forester can receive, recognition of others while making pre- forest has four stands of timber which sentations at the annual NYFOA Winter should not be cut and removed. One is of Jim Coufal and Bob Sand are nationally Meeting. Bob Sand is the Chief Forester, hemlock on a steep slope that overlooks a recognized as Fellows, through the pro- Retired, from Cotton-Hanlon, Inc. of national historic landscape. No logging cess of being elected by a vote of the Cayuta, NY. should take place on the soft ground around membership of the New York State Soci- my lake. The outlet is a steep gorge that has ety of American Foresters (NYSAF), ac- never been logged and should not be. The cording to provisions by its national asso- fourth stand must predate settlement, for ciation, the SAF. the oak, ash, basswood and maple are enormous. The four areas total more than 100 acres. They were once scheduled in the DEC-approved management plan but are now safely out. I honestly believe that my stewardship over the years has been responsible, and I invite anyone to look and disagree if he so chooses. My woods are in far better condi- tion than when purchased in 1947. They 1 have brought me $48,856 worth of timber Jim Coufal was recognized for his vi: and have contributed $131,282 to local sions, provocative insight, proactive re- schools and local government. The differ- sponsiveness, and leadership. He is a past ence, $82,426 is what I have paid so far for chair of the NYSAF and is currently a the inestimable privilege of owning and Bob Sand was recognized for his lead- member of the SAF (advisory) Council for managing forest land. For the year 1992 the New England-New York Region. Not my non-participation in 480-a cost me ership, outstanding practice of forestry, only has Jim been a teacher of youth and $6848, but the tax was not shifted to my adults throughout his career, but he has neighbors. been an advocate of principles and values Several paths are before me. A wise that create a basis to meet recognized investment counselor tells me to sell and buy shares in Amalgamated Horsefeathers. social, economic, and ecological aspects Another would have me give in to the Which is of forestry. He is recognized as an advo- pressures of 480-a. A third is the path of cate of stewardship, and known for intro- hope that I will continue to exercise what- Best??? ducing the land stewardship cannon to the ever forestry skills are mine. The Health of your SAF for its National By-Laws. Jim Coufal Trees depends on is a Professor of Forestry at the SUNY Henry Kernan is a consulting forester ac- getting accurate College of Environmental Science and tive in worldforestry currently reviewing information. Forestry in Syracuse, NY. a resource station and resource manage- Gall Today for your FREE It is with pride and recognition for their ment plan in Ecuador, S. America. Henry, Sample and a study achievements that we of the New York aM aster Forest Owner '91, was the host of rint by the Pennsylvania Forest Owners Association join the Soci- NYFOA 'sFirst WoodswalkinMay 1967 on Bureau of Forestry. ety of American Foresters in saying to his Charlotte Valley - Otsego County for- ~~~~~~~~~ James E. Coufal and Robert M. Sand, estland (see FOREST OWNER Vol. V. No. We are your source for genetically "Thank you for all you have done in pro- 6 No. 7 which declared the First & superior Black Walnut Seeds moting good forestry, and congratulations Woodswalk a "Resounding Success", and for formally being recognized by your provided a schedule of5 more in as many (800) 875-8071 weeks.) peers through their election of you to the 445 Lourdes Lane, Lafayette, IN 47905 grade of Fellow."

NY FOREST OWNER 17 MARCH/APRIL 1993 Tree Eaters, Potions and Lotions admit that it does taste good neat after stronger to use the bark, butthatneeds to be dinner. soaked for several hours then boiled. Sup- Birch catkins and twigs irnparta winter- posedly, the leaves and bark boiled into a green smell to canola (rape seed) oil and a tea, cooled, and strained stop dandruff capsule of Vitamin E, and makes sunburn when used as a hair rinse. sting and itch disappear. Used without a Properly collecting the tree parts to use sunburn, Birch oil soaks rapidly into the is important to assure strength in the con- skin removing dryness. 1 sent some to my coction. Younger, new leaves yield the brother for his psoriasis and he said it most power. My guess is like collecting stopped the itching when applied every herbs, the best time of day is right after the couple of hours. dew is off. Bark (not cambium) can be 1 have not made a tincture from Beech collected any time of year. I did not discuss for internal use (see Linden and Birch) but the use of the cambium layer, because its the Indian used it for diabetes, to calm collection can kill your trees. 1 am minus nerves, and to improve the appetite. one wild cherry teenager, even though I Beech leaves plucked directly from the didn't girdle the tree. By Dr. Jane Sorensen Lord tree and rubbed on the skin are supposed to If you are not using leaves you collect e looked at me straight in the eye, be an antidote to poison ivy, like Jewel immediately, or wish to use them over H "Then, since you are a Tree Farmer, Weed--I don't get poison ivy so I can't time, dry them. You can speed dry them in you must know what Adirondack means." vouch for this use. I do make a skin oil from the microwave on the programmed defrost "No" the early spring leaves and use it regularly cycle (underguess rather than overguess "It means tree eaters. The Indians of after swimming in a chlorine pool. It works the time or you'll get powder). that region ate trees in the winter". better than any commercial product I've To make tea, use a teaspoon of dried I cannot document the meaning of tried. Supposedly, the smooth bark shows leaves, pour boiling water over them and Adirondack, but Pine nuts and most of the the observant that Beech is good for the let sit for 20 minutes. Honey covers bad other mast tree nuts are high in phyto- skin. taste better than sugar. A tea of bark should protein and were definitely staples of In- Trembling Aspen buds are also sup- be simmered for at least 35 minutes. It will dian diet. posed to be of cosmetic value, if bathed in get stronger the longer you simmer. The They used trees for medicinal purposes weekly (tie them up in cheese cloth so they bark teas taste the worst, 1 think. as well. The sap of the Pine and Juniper don't clog the drain) and should be used You already know that one of my favor- were used for colds and sore throats. In- daily for ulcers, bums and the like. They do ite forms to extract tree goodies is a tinc- deed, the sap of White Pine, with aconsis- seem to soften the water. I'm going to mix ture. Using any 80 proof, or higher spirit, tency in the mouth of raw honey and a taste them with Beech and Birch this spring to fill ajar 1/2 full of crushed leaves, etc. then like mild Pinesol smells, does relieve a create a super oil. fill the jar up with booze. Label and date raspy throat and leaves a pleasant mouth- More interesting, now that malaria is this, because it is necessary to let it sit for wash aftertaste. moving back out of control (I know, 1 6-8 weeks (the longer the better). Shake it A tea of Juniper berries (about a tea- know, it is not a problem in New York), is periodically. You can use the liquid and spoon full) calms down a too full stomach the use of Trembling Aspen over Quinine leave in the tree parts. DO NOT drink it in and acts as a strong diuretic. A cooled tea in its treatment. It is supposed to give the the same amounts as non-treated liquor. with two teaspoons of berries, applied to same results with less after effect. The ingredient makes it stronger medicine. the skin with a cotton ball or sprayer takes Boiled and strained Maple leaf tea was Start with tablespoon doses. the itch away from mosquito bites and is used by the Indian as an eye wash instead The skin oils can be made with any good supposed to take away the sting of a bee (I of Boric acid or Murine. I use fresh aloe on oil. 1 use canola as a base extractor (non haven't been stung since 1read about this, my eyes and my cats successfully, which is smelly, good for skin, cheap) then dilute but it does work on mosquito bites). easier to collect, but! plan to try Maple this with other oils (coconut, almond, sesame, New sprigs from the Hemlock tree (NOT summer. Three wine glasses imbibed per etc.) after it is cured. Put ingredients in to the hemlock plant which resembles Q'. I ~')n day of the tea is a liver tonic--too bad the fill 3/4 of a jar then fill the jar with oil. Anne' sLace and which provided Socrates's French don't have many or any Maple Squeeze in a 1000 Unit of Vitamin E to demise) mulled in Scotch for six or more trees. prevent molding. Let sit for 6-8 weeks weeks is a cold remedy. I made some and If you take the caps of acorns and smash shaking occasionally. You can add per- did blind taste tests on my English hus- them up into a powder, they can be used for fume at this point. The oils can be used on band, Gordon, and two of his peer age internal and external infections and in- the skin directly orputintoa bath. Birch oil compatriots and got the same response, flammations. You can drink it in a tea makes a good after shave. "My mother gave that to me for cold during (strain it) and gargle with it for bleeding the War". gums. I tried this for a while and changed Jane Sorensen Lord is the Communica- Adding Linden flowers (Basswood) to to Crest Plaque Control which tastes bet- tions Liaison for the NYS Tree Farm Com- Scotch is supposed to provide the same ter. mittee. She has been an Occupational remedy, but I couldn't test it because, I have also made pile suppositories with Therapist for 28 years and likes therapeu- according to Gordon it gives a delicate, the powder and cocoa butter. They did tic activity. She became a Doctor of aged flavor and the potion got drunk before work, but Preparation H is really a lot more Naturopathy in 1991, and has been grow- anybody got a cold. accurate because of its highermeltingpoint! ing and using herbs in her practice. For The same happened to new Birch leaves Chewing White Willow twigs releases more by Jane, see "Brooklyn's Little Tree and twigs in vodka. That is supposed to be salicylic acid, the healing component of Farmers". NY FOREST OWNER Sept/Oct good for stomach ailments and diarrhea. I aspirin, and will relieve a headache. It's '91 & Jan/Feb 92.

NY FOREST OWNER 18 MARCI-VAPRIL 1993 Pine Shoot Beetle Situation Demands Business Strategy By David W. Taber wners and managers of businesses (national) quarantine, by way of the state that depend on pine nursery stock, involved. In New York, this is done by the O pine Christmas trees, pine logs with New York State Department of Agricul- attached bark, and other "regulated ar- ture and Markets, Division of Plant Indus- ticles" may find it advantageous to take try (Robert J. Mungari, Director). Under strategic action. The common pine shoot standard federal and state procedures, a beetle (Tomicus piniperda), an exotic in- state can (and usually does) invoke a "par- sect (not indigenous to North America), allel" county quarantine rather than to have from Europe, Asia, and Africa has become the federal government quarantine the en- a biological and economic threat. tire state. The "parallel quarantine" must As of November 13, 1992 the contain regulations identical to those ofthe federal APHIS, PPQ (Animal and Plant federal quarantine. Therefore, in New York Health Inspection Service, Plant Protec- State, with its parallel quarantine by the tion and Quarantine) of the USDA (U.S. NYS Dept. of Agriculture and Markets, DepartmentofAgriculture)invokedaquar- both federal and state officials can enforce antine on all known "infestations" of the the pine shoot beetle quarantine. common pine shoot beetle. At that time, a "Regulated articles" (according to the total of 42 counties in 6 states were placed Federal Register, Vol. 57. No. 224, No- under quarantine to prevent the spread of vember 19,1992), as specified in the pine the insect by transportation of "regulated shoot beetle federal quarantine include articles" from (known) "infestations" to pine Christmas trees (Pinus sp.); pine nurs- points outside of the infested counties. By ery stock (Pinus sp.); logs of pine (Pinus February 1, 1993, one additional county sp.), spruce (Picea sp.), larch (Larix sp.), had been added to the quarantined area. and fir (Abies sp.) with bark attached; and Adult pine shoot beetle tunneling up into By definition, an "infestation" is the pine, spruce, larch and fir lumber with bark shoot (current year's growth) of Scotch known presence of at least one pine shoot attached. pine twig in summertime. Actual size of beetle at a site. The presumption is that The six states, which have had43 coun- beetle is ca. 1/8". (CornellAgNewsPhoto) where at least one insect is detected, more ties quaran tined for the pine shoot beetle as of the same species exist. of February 1, 1993, are Michigan, Illinois, accordance with conditions specified in Nationwide, the financial threat attrib- Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New sections 301.50-4 through 301.50-10 of utable to the pine shoot beetle has been York. New York State's quarantine is lim- the federal quarantine. In addition, New estimated at $724 million during a 30- year ited to two counties: Niagara and Erie. York State, pursuant to law, invoked a rule time period, starting with the insect's de- "Parallel action," as a state quarantine by that "immediately adopts and enforces an tection in 1992 ($24.13 million per year), the NYS Department of Agriculture and intrastate pine shoot beetle quarantine for according to USDA APHIS data. Markets was taken to avoid a federal quar- Erie and Niagara Counties. According to When an infestation of the pine shoot antine of the entire state. Robert J. Mungari, if the pine shoot beetle beetle is detected, the county in which it is Regulated articles "May not be moved is found to infest sites in other counties, located is immediately added to the federal interstate from quarantined areas except in those counties would immediately be added to the federal and state quarantines. Businesses that deal with pine (Pinus), ROOTS AND BRA spruce (Picea), true fir (Abies), and larch (Larix) trees, as well as forest owners who By~ayne Oakes...... y grow these species, have apotentially costly h~e fOllowing;'}?te:wasiTl~~~~ by an appreciatien of both woods and word~and stake in the pine shoot beetle situation. The . ·tten as aparii

NY FOREST OWNER 19 MARCH/APRIL 1993 R.J. Fox, Editor RD#3, Box 88 Non-Profit Org. Moravia, NY 13118 U.S. POSTAGE (315) 497-1078 PAID Moravia, N.Y. 13118 Penn it No. 21

Years

FOUNDED 1963

WOODLOT CALENDAR Mar. (?): WFL: Maple Syrup Production, Eric Randall; Alexander, NY (716) 226-3944 Mar. 26: STC; 6 PM; Potluck Supper; Extension Bldg; Upper Front St., Binghamton Mar. 27: AFC; 10 AM; Woodswalk; Jamestown LANDOWNERS Audubon Ctr; Ted Griez; Maples,'Cherry & Red Oak are in strong demand, if you are Frewsberg, NY: (716) 763-9067 interested in selling some of your standing Timber consider ... • Each tree to be sold is marked according to YOUR specifications. Mar. 27, 28: TIO; Horse Log- • We send notices to reputable log producers & exporters ging Seminar; Diamond Valley Sealed bid opening determines the highest bidder Road, Tioga County; (607) 699- • Payment is made in advance to any harvest operation • All harvest operations are supervised by our foresters 3846 We retain a security deposit until owner is completely satisfied. Guaranteed to net YOU the highest price for your timber. April 24: NYFOA ANNUAL Write or Call For A Free Pamphlet SPRING MEETING: ~~ Robert Synowiez - Professional Forestry ConsuHants MARSHALL HALL, SUNY ESF, SYRACUSE. See Insert with Election Ballot (j"~j ~l!J1wb.!!gat.. NY 13827 '" 607/687 -oaso April 30: ARBOR DAY

NY FOREST OWNER MARCI-VAPRIL 1993 NEW YORK FOREST OWNERS ASSOCIATION 31st ANNUAL MEETING SATURDAY APRIL 24, 1993 Marshall Hall Auditorium SUNY College of E S and Forestry Syracuse, New York

8:30 a.m, Registration in Auditorium Foyer Coffee and Donuts in Nitkin Lounge

9:30 a.m. ---- Welcome and Opening Remarks Dr. Ross S. Whaley, President, SUNY/CESF

9:45 a.m. ---- Business Meeting President's Report - Stuart McCarty Executive Director's Report - John Marchant Treasurer's Report - Clara Minerd Chapter Affairs - Charles Mowatt

PROGRAM: THIRTY YEARS OF CHANGE WITHIN NYFOA AND NEW YORK'S FORESTS

10:30 a.m. ---- Tree Diseases: State of NYS Forests - Past, Present and Future Dr. George Hudler, Professor, Cornell University

11:15 a.m. ---- Biodiversity and Forestry Dr. Douglas Allen, Professor, SUNY/CESF

12:00 p.m. ---- Buffet Luncheon - Nifkin Lounge Presentation of Awards

1:45 p.m. ---- Wildlife Management: The Return of the Wild Turkey Dr. William Porter, Professor, SUNY/CESF

2:15-2:45 ---- Concurrent Workshops - Please pre- register for 1 below: - 480a Tax Law - Ernie Hammerle, DEC Forester, Region 7, Sherburne, NY - Planning a Timber Harvest - Patrick McGlew, Consulting Forester, Nichols, NY

2:45 p.m. ---- NYS Forest Economics: Market Forces that Affect your Stumpage Prices Dr. Hugh Canham, Professor, SUNY/CESF

3:15 p.m. ---- Program Evaluation and Summary

Advanced registration is required by April 9 to determine luncheon setting and workshop selection.

------DETACH ------COMPLETE ------MAIL ------BEFORE ------APRIL 9, 1993 ------

31st ANNUAL MEETING RESERVATION FORM

Mail to: Please reserve __ places for the Awards Luncheon NYFOA @$15.00each:Amountenclosed$, _ c/o Deborah Gill Payable to NYFOA Admin. Secretary Name: _ P.O. Box 180 Address: _ Fairport, NY 14450

WORKSHOP SELECTION 480A Tax Law __ Planning a Timber Harvest

------' ------NEW YORK FOREST OWNERS ASSOCIATION, INC.

Nominations for Directors of the Association. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES

To Elect: One DIRECTOR for a 0 N E (1) YEA R term: (1993)

KATHLEEN FARNUM has served as Executive Director of the Catskill Forest Assoc. for two years and as such a Director of NYFOA. She is now leaving her post at CFA to continue studies in computer sciences. An enthusiastic supporter of NYFOA. Kathleen comes from Roxbury.

To Elect: One DIRECTOR for a TWO (2) YEA R term: (1993-1994)

TOM ELLISON is founder and chair of the Central New York Chapter and as such has served on the NYFOA Board. Having completed the Cornell "Woodland Management" course and the "Master Forest Owner/Coverts" program, he is well qualified to serve as a NYFOA Director. A member of the NY Community Forest Council, he has also been a Wildlife Education Instructor at the Burnet Park Zoo in Syracuse for the past fifteen years. Tom, his wife and their three children live on a certified Tree Farm in Pompey.

To Elect: Four DIRECTORS for T H R E E (3) YEA R terms:(1993-1995)

ALBERT W. BROWN of Stow, NY. holds undergraduate and graduate degrees from Syracuse University. He has been active as a teacher in conservation related courses and forest practices in IL and MI (1952-1965) and is President Emeritus, SUNY Brockport. He is VP of the Chautauqua County Co-op Extension Board, a Master Forest Owner and winner of the FBA Region 9 Outstanding Forest Landowners Award (jointly owned).

VERNER C. HUDSON of Elbridge, and his wife, Marjorie, have owned a 297 acre farm since 1947. They have done ~SI on all of their 180 acress of woodland, beginning in 1961. In 1988 they were recognized as New York's OUTSTANDING TREE FARMER. Vern has been a NYS Forest Practice Board member since 1979, and has served on the NYFOA Board for the past three years.

PETER S. LEVATICH, a retired architect, lives in Brooktondale. A graduate of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (56'), he served as a NYFOA director in the early 1980's. He actively manages his 80 acre forest for timber and recreation. Peter is a Master Forest Owner and a member of the Region 7 Forest Practice Board.

DON J. WAGNER is a native of Utica and a graduate of SyracuseUniv. (68'). He is a business Officer at the NYS Rome DDSO. Don is a certified Tree Farmer, member of the NYCTGA, has been a director of NYFOA for three years, and currently is First Vice President of this Association.

DETACH ----- COMPLETE ---- MAIL BEFORE APRIL 9, 1993 To:---- N Y F 0 A c/o Deborah Gill, Admin, Sec'y P.O. BOX 180 FAIRPORT, NY 14450

B ALL 0 T V 0 T E FOR S I X (6) D IRE C TOR S

DIRECTOR: ONE YEAR KATHLEEN FARNUM

DIRECTOR: TWO YEARS TOM ELLISON

DIRECTORS: THREE YEAR ALBERT W. BROWN VERNER C. HUDSON PETER S. LEVATICH DON J. WAGNER