I .lr lRev.Eugene lR. CHURCHLINENS A Guide lor Altar Societies
AY'
Compiled and Ediud by DOM ATATTHEWBRITT, O,S- B. St, Ilfartit's College Olyrnpia, Wa*hington
,r4-'
ST. ANTHONY CUILD PRESS PATERSON, N'EW ]ERSDY FOREWORD
Therearc two chicf sourcesof authoritythat govern matters treatedof in this booklet: (f) the rubrics + L^!H^E'. llrDE( O. S.8., printed in the front of o.cry Altar Missal; (2) the Ahq,FS l'. rr decrccsof thcSacre(l Congrellrtion of Rires(S. R. C.), whidr have thc saorexutlioriq' xs ihc rubrics.'lhcsc JoH! MCCoKL4 S.S.t decreesa.c, as a rule, ansnersto rubrical questions CcNor Lilrotui submittedto the C{)ngrcgationfrom all parts of the world. Tliey inlerprel or sLrl)plemenlihe rubrics,and + THoMas A. CoNNollY, at timesforbid, saoction.or tolerate.ustoms; and tlrer EDi*oD6 (!.diutd se.'nlmri3, allow or disallowthe use of certainmaterials for li' turgical purposes. The sourccsmentione.l abovc are commcnte,lon bf \\'hatare koo$n as rpprovedduthors, thar rs, men wno hate madea studyof the subjectaod s:hoselrritings It:rr( the :rflror'.rlof rhc propercrrlesi:rsti-ll aut!i,:- ities. Onll booksof tbis tfFc are .eferredto in thc foilo*'inE pages,Sone mry rvor:dcrrvhl tlrereshould be so nranv refercnccsto nrbrical aod interpretativc sou.cesin a maoualirtended for altar societics.There really is no calLsefor \1-ondermeni,ho\vever. It is un. thinkablethat a hooliletof this kind. rvhichtrears of matters petainiog to the altar, should seethe light of der unlessit werc thorDu.ghlyJocunented so tbat a
il I i I l I pasto!may be cerLainthal his altar societyis following CONTENTS the regulationslaid down by the Churchand not some r.rrieruoF lromernrderubrirs. Let ir be said.too, thai this is not an archeologicaltreatise but a brief siate, ment of the curre.t practiceof the Church.
l.'oREv'oRD, , . , , ...,.....,.,.,.. l
tr{ATrRrALsfoR Arr,\R LTNTNS
THD ALTARCLorHs ...... 8
THE CoRPoRAL ...... 11
TH! P,{LL ...... 11
THE PuRrrrcAToR 1t
TIi! FINGERToY,rir- t6
'iHE CREDINC!Covlri -...... t6
THE CoMMUNToNCrorH ANDPATIN ...... t7
TH! ButsE Fo1(THit CoMMLTNToN PATEN ...... 1S
THE fRoN'rAL (A\ rrPrNDrr t8 ^r) Ip^\ Tpt 'I 21 6 CHURCHLINENS THE TIRERN^CLE VErL 2l
THE CIBoRTUMVEIL . ,. ,...... 2t
24 IHE MoNsrMNcBvErL ...... MATERIALSFOR ALTAR LINENS
. THE AMICE . . Trvo kinds of materialmay be usedio making altar lincns: ( 1) Linenpropcr, a clothrvosen from tlrc 6bers THE ALB of Ilax,uhich is socornmon and sowell knownthat ho THE ONqruRE . ..,. ... 28 descriptionis necessary;(2) Hempcloilr' authoried for optional use instead of linen by a gcneral decreeissued THL SURPllcE by thc SacredCongregation of Riies,NIay 1t, 1819, To nrost Americaos the term "hemp" has but one THE ALTAR CovER ... .. meaning- a rough, coarsecloth wholly unsuitable for useon or abtrutthe altar, After ertensiveinquiry, the ...... \VA5BINGSAcRtiD LrNcNs . i2 informar;oncondensed in the follos'ingpa(agraph was obtainedreg.lrdins tbc kind of hempthat mav be srrb' v|jlf oF THL illls,\r SrAND .. ,.. stii!1teJfor liDcn LrruRotc^L CoLoRs t3 There arc tvo distinctclasses of fiberscalled hcmp: (a) the true or soft henrpsfrom \lhich a thio, whitc, linenlike cloth can be made; and (b) the varicus6" bers from which the rough, coarsecloth and cordage ar€ manufactured. Only tbe former is consideredhete. (1) Henlp is rnore nearly likc nax than any other 6ber. (2) Itaiiaa hemp is the 6nest in the world; Japanesehemp lanks Dext. (J) Lilren, not he'lp, is 7 ltalt for chLrrchpurposes. (4) Ai the present usedin The vcry bestpractice is Dot to allow tbc top altar in do not time the largest stores tbe United Stetes doth io hang down over the froflt edgc of the altar in it can be keep fine white hemp cloth stock, birt tablc; instead,it shouldlie alongthe edge. If it hangs given the imported. (5) According to information below the edge,it is apt to becomcfrayed and soiled. llne wriie! by the United StrtesTarilT Commission, no However, tlrere is no law prohibiting the overhang. bemp fabrics have been made hcrc in receni yelrs. Io fact, it is actuallypermitted to ornamentthe front (6) A sampleof ihe besrqurlity Iialian hempindi- edgeof the cloCrand the t$o cnds\yith a borderof c,{tcsthat it bleachespcrfe.ily rvlrile, but ihe $eave linen or lrempenla(e on $,hichmay appearfigures of is not so closenor is the sur{aceso smoothas that of the cross,monstrancc, aogels, chalice and ho5t, and fine linen. the like., It is recorDmendedthai the lacebe not more than 7 to 10 inchcsdecp, and rhat it be nrounledsep- THEALTAR CLOTHS aratelyoo a linen iapewhich ought to be deepenough to allow;t to hang below the fall of the altar cloth.{ The altar cloths must be m3de of iinen or hemp. A picceof coloredmaterial may bc placedunder ihe Rites A generaldccrce of thc Sacr.dCongregarion of lace to set forth the 6gures. The use of sucb orna- forhrdslhe useof xn! olhe rr,"errrlscrcn rf bcl:rre meniedciorhs as th€se should L'e restricteJ to feast.lays. equivalenlio, or bctrcrth.rn, iincn or hcmpfor ciean- lincss,ntiteress. or ilrmlrcss.lhis nrlingr!.plies noi Despiieihe ebovcpennissions, ihe pliiner xn ritxr orrlyto airxr.lodrs but alsoro corprrirls,palls, puri .ioth is, thc better,trforcover. if the dlixrls prolidcd ficators,amices, and :rlbs.t ivith a frontnl (antcpendiurn),there rvould seemto Thcre must be thrce :Lltarcloths on cvert altar on be no purposein coveringihe upperpart of this s.ith a borderof lace. which -N{assis celebrated.The upper cloth should covcr the entire surfaceof the table of ihe altar, and Dom Roulin in his learnedrvork i:rds in the altar at eachend go down to the floor, bul withoui touch- cloth occasionfoi both sadnessand rcjoicing. I hare ing it. The oihef two cloths (o! ooe doubledto supply seen,"he sighs,"alrar clothsbordercd with enormous tlre h'o !€quired thicknesses)nccd c.rver onlv the lace 6gu.cs,on $hich w€.e dcpictedthe allegedpor- r';holcalrar irric.: t..jt,)f x srlur.a viel ,ri e church.!lmbcls rod si{ns qorto-rr r n. 11 of variors sorts, Tbc aliar was lost view to behind a -one at thc Gospel side and another et the lpistle barrageof lace,rod the aliar cloth conlainedno trece stde- to proicci the altar cloth.6 of the flowing rvhite linen which shoulclfall dovn ai eithcrend.... Now, olthoughall altar cloihsdo not THE CORPORAL presentus wiih suchexaggeraled and antilirurgicalilro- ductions,yel il rnustbe saidthat their embroideriesand Since thc corporal comesin direct contaci with our Lorcls dangling lace are in thc bcst shop'vindo*' style and sacredBody, il is the most importart of all the linens c:rlcrlxicdb alr(st ihe xttentioqof the c,rfi.)us.But usr:dct the xlter. lt must be madeo[ tinen'or tremp.' N,r oiher j{ind of nraterirLmav let ustrkc hearilthcsc thin-qs have rl{)i got it all tircjr be Lrscd. 'l'hcrc nrust be no cnbroidery or embetiishments o$'n !r'ay; the simple and pure sfirii of the Church on ils surface. No cross is allo{ed in its center_eSince is ahvaysdiv€ somewbere-There are caihedrals.sem- are of di{Ierent sizes,so too must tle corporal irrary chapels,abbeys and parish cburc-hesrvhere thc ^ltxrs vary in dimensions. It should be large enough to ac- altars arc (orered $ith cloths of 6ne lilren and e'ith- comnrodate the chali.e, tie paren, and the Liborium out any orrtament.They covcrthc rrer.r.-r table] lait3! and its cove., \!hen lhe latier has been rernoved, A completell. bul do not come doq'n ove. ihe front ns corPoral 13 ot 20 inciressquare sill usu:rlli.rncet these rnuchas onc centi,neter;and they fatl do\rn at eiiber rcqLli'emcnts. It is in1-roper Lo use a corporal .whi.h cnd almost to lhe ground. Th.-' h3!e e1€rytirineihc! is so lrr.ccrh.rr eirhrr i'r, rlL3r,J,d nrustrest riorr ir, sbould hare, end thel are perfer:raltar rl.rtlls. 'lhet' ,)r thc corfoill onrsl rest the lorver Part of the qindrlt "grinsi renrindL:s o{ rjrc sheet'Llrar cr:shrouJcd ihc .rrJ. A fr.rcij..rl mcdrod,.lI tlctcrnitirE (1)crr!(,lcr Body of orrr Lord: thcy 3re exquisitein iasie and ihel sizc of the co|porai for a giveD altar is to rnakea breerherhe odor of l)rnrlrt). llrey are.if I ma1so sqlnlc piece of linen rvhich, rvhcn hernmed. rvill iill thc slace beiwcen the front edge expressit, llke the licrfectly simpleyet simply perfect of rhe attar anJ the costumeof a noble lady.'' 'Ihe xltar cloih that Dom altar card, lessone inch. Ii the corporal is fush \!ith Roulin bas in nrir:d is in accordancewith borh the thc cdgc of the aliar ihe celebrant'schesuble may rub r^i.ir a-,1 rl.- l-rr^" rl.^ Lh..,-, agair3t ii vhen he turns io face the peoplc as at ^6 Doninut uhitcrott. Vhen cnndlcsare ph..-d on ihe altar, as durinS 1he corporaLm:ry hrvc a border of fine lece.but Bcne,Jiction,c\fli s]njuld .r1Jer cloths ire!lx.€d th€rD it;s L)ciicr\\lihoLrt ii. Lecc.uniess it ir \crl nr!()\r,, 12 13 easil)'crumples and becoDesunsightly. As far ls hem- it is put inlo the burse in slrch a manner thxt the edge stitching is coocerned,let an experiencedlady tell it: of the last fold is toward ihe opening of the burse, ''Hemstitching is iradvisable on any kiod of altar linen and against its top. To hark back to the laundress: as it ah'ays gives \'ay long before the rest of the a corporal that has been properiy folded will form material shoqs anl sign of rvear. to iine practically equal squares qhen unfoldcd. The havhg a cross in red thread practice of smali I'Iout to ualold. a cotporul: If a corporal has been \\'orked to indi- inlo the .orporal near thc front edge folded correctly and placed in the burse correcily, it is rhc . rJrF lc rr" ,ro rld bc ror.rrd thc -elcb;rr, rq not eesy io sce bow jL can L-.eunfolded incorrectly. criticizedby litur.qrsts.S1n.e it has no purpose,and The unlolding can be expresscdjn four rvords:left, vill some the necessari\' give diliculty in collecting righi, b^ck, iront; so, too, its foiJing, but in dre re- fragments on the .orporal." lo quole one commeot, ''$e Father O'Conneil ihink it veli to omit ii. " And The corporal must be scrupulouslyclcan,u nor is ii .r1.. fo'J sirh :r .nrrll rross i, not Nlarkrngone alloEed to use one thal is torn, or one that lor any cross,in prescribed,and is meaningless."l: The small rexsonis unii for use- Suchcorporals are to be burned its origin, mat have been a silent conccsstonto ihose and their ashesfui inlo the sacrarium. maooer of *ho $,ere a bit haz,vregarCiag ihe proper '1he corporel shorJd be rvelL stxrched and ver,v folding (and unfolding) the corporal.If thereis nore smocihlyironed. It i dillicoll. if noi impossible,to il has not than onc afproi'ed n:ethod of doing lhis, coilecl the ffagmcnts of dle Host on an insulllcientlt fornd irs rvel into drc booksthli interfrei the rub.jcs. sr.lrchcdcoLfor:r1. 'fhe rrvo follosirg paragraphsare fr-.rthe l-.enchtoi The corporal thrf i llaftd ir the raberrrilcleshouLd the leunclressn'ho foids and ironsthe corpc-rals;for the be cut to 6t thc trlremxcle rloor in size and sh3pe. inio the burs.si :rnd sacristanwho p,lrrsthe cle.u ones Ii, too. should bc \.rcll starched A smail cross in for thc subdeaconancl Ceacontrl soLemnfuoctions. colored thread might be rvorhed into ii to clistinguish Ilotu to lold d €orparal: lle fokls the corporal it from \[ass coryofals and other lincns. Bishop Van with boih hards begioning vith the fold ,iearest io def Slappenre.omrrends thai tLis.orporal be rhangcd himsclf, vhlch he plecesover the centraLfold; o'rer four times a ye.rr.1! this he puts the b:rci:fold: then ihe righl fold orcr it, The corlorl}i ripon .rhrch tlc monsiren.c siands anrl irn,r1lrti)e leir.r\ei rlrc rillht. 'r \\hen ioirlcd, durirg llcneduricrrshorLl lirie.,,iqcbc lsirnrLl ro 6t ,- Thc pali 15 the place ,fhe of exposition, if there be one. L,order embroider the crosr and the border in red thre:d, and of slrch a rron-Mlss corpofal might be very mod€stly you nill then have a pall frr better than one wid) ornamenredi the plrring o. anyrhinggr:dy in such I tortured desigfl, or one overloaded*'ith or denuded of p'Jce soLtd l,e a gro.' cxhrbi.ionof brJ rr thc puriE ator from the 6ngcr towel; aod ir wilt iodi- THE COMMUNIONCLOTH ANO PATEN cate the place,and ihe only place, where ihe purificato! The Communioncloth is a white iilco should be crcased so ihat it {ill fold easily and lie plain cloth:3 attrchcdto flat when placed on the patcn at the Offeriory. This theConrmrnion rail on the inside.It should is p|efcrable to the tr{-rlethod of folding, uith its extcndthe fuli length of fbe rail, and be about tn'o feet rvide. On tr{arch26, 1929,ihe SecredCongregariCommunion in four lcngth*'ise; (b) rhat it sbould llot be lleated; .lotb; it ir laid alongt|e flat top of thc riil. This (c) rod thrii, as Dolll Roulin srls it sho.rldL)e $itir- shoLrldbe obscrvccl\vhether thc pateni3 Lcld bt thc or( anl- r,_rctch.d tags oI lace. rt onn:runi.rnls or bv n se.1cr riLo irLcomranicsthe priesi, THE CREDENCECOVER Tire !rrrL,ri'i"rir..ers .r:r,;rher rrrt, r ri::i ir of ir:: tL)sriflnirni, nrns. or rn)one (lie \l)()se du!,i Thc credeucetable should be coveredsith a itite fLJltitnre ir is t,r trll thc ciho:iun.\irh sDulLxlt f bre;(ds_To lincn or lrenrp On fcast dr!s. this covcrs tbc '-loth. ouote: In refcren(c to .he h.rits, tLe rcctors fpasto;s] trFrc cl' rll si.le, d,rs tLrrhe jluo.. On e t"',.,t ' ".; ihall trke cnrcthxt tbe ff^gnents thit so e:lsily,rdherc oc.asions,it covcrs the top of the txblc xnd h.rnts do\\'rl lo the bosrs are rernorecl.and that. L'cfore lr'l:rssis some\lhit ar ihe tNo enils rfrc. dre milnncr cf ao:rltlr celebraieJ.thel xie cautiouslvanJ crrefLrllvbrudred cloth, bLtlshoiter.ri Or Cr:od l'rldai, arr,lorr dals of o1i, rrd if thc.e ir a..'erv lar-qer)unber of bosts ro bc mourning alld (oscts irilr Fenance, the clorh the su. .un,ecr.,r.'1.rl,F\' !b,ll r.L.q., rlt .h.'jre- ir: :r .ir re facc of thc trblc. 'l lc ' irlushint !)rl r!f!j ri.rl t., rl'r. c js .l,..r.\'irh rh(' t3 Burs. for Comnunjon parcn hngers,not with a bNsh. The pertiuentprrt of dre the frontal, like the veil of the tAberiacle,must be Instru.tion is given io ihe Apoendix ro \\hest-Mul. violei.t: laney's trlatter: Linrgical. The materialfor the frontal is not 1'rescribe The rubricsof theiRonran Rituxl direci th4t the iaber The veil is a .eriain sign that the BlessedSacrament n:clc be cecentiycoverfd s;rh .r verl.u 'lhe veii, is jn the tabcrnacle. If the Sicriment is oi aciually or canopyas il is called, musi be sullicientlyfull to plcsent ihe veil should be rcnrovcd, jusi as the sanctu- coyernot only the sidcsof the tabernaclebul alsothe ary lamp should bc extinguished. top, whereit is gatheEdin and borderedwith a fringe 'lhe haoging cf another veil of *'hite silk in ttre in. or tastelull]xdorned in someoth(r l\r'r'. terior of the tabernacietust back of the door is merclJ The matcrial of thc veil is not pfescribed.ln se_ tolerated. Il is in no rvav frescribed, nor e!€n rccom- lccting it, rlrc siand.rrdshould be the besl ihit (ln he mended,and it does noi teke ihe ph.e of the cr.' allorded. Sl,ggesrednl;rreriats are silk. sitk poplin, tcritu vciLprescribed by the rLrl:rics.'- .l.rr,:""1.bro,:rlc, reil (lorh of .r golJ srher,or .r.,y The jn erior oF tl,- rarcln:Lclem.r,r Lc c,,r.cr;i d.J. c i.h f,,bric, "ri The veil shoull dr..peA:rccfullil or it nr st be lined Eith $'ood colered witlr \1hile silk.'* it shoul,l,tirerefore, noi be lined. "lf the interior of lhe tabcrflacle is gitt ii need not lt A. to thc colorof the vei . ir m., bc ahvrlss.h,ret lined *itir silk or any other materirl. ie bur re,rlcloth of srlvermav rcph,e rrhitell,and re.rl (lodt of nr:ry 6ulJ be uscdinsrerci of rr.hite.red. or THE CIBORIUMVEIL green.il \\:here the arinngementis possiblc.it shcuid cootorm to the liiLrrgicelcolor of rlreday.. Ir rvill tben When thc ciboririm contains d1e tslesseCSatrament corrcsponrl\ith thc colorof the celcbrant'sv€shfcrt! it nllrstL)e.onplctell rovered \1ith.l \eil of \1hitcsilk, rrl r.it"ir..: cf rlrefrcr rri ll . r .i,c;.-cfe-,cl $|iclr riroLrlLlbe richlr ofnanrc0ie,l' 'lhis rcil shoulJ Prx.trccaird the o,1( ihnl is olJse.lcdil] Ronre.l:LjLi.k n0t l,'clilrcd. nrev aeverl.e used. In Recluieml{xsses afld on All D,lm R,rulit giYessome gnod advi.e ret;rrdlrg the Souls Day the color of rhe vciL is violer.', coirect fornr of the veiL. "Nolicc, he sa)s, ih3t .he A curtainhaiigTng bcforc rhe door of the tab€roaclc ciboriu$ .oYer ji ii r;i/, and not r kiod of casemade di doesnot comply wirh the rubrics of thc Ritual. LIn lour piocesof sruii ioined ti)eetber rt rh€ top. - . . The fortunately,many of our altnrs are so const.uctedthat ciborium \e1l is tqhtly conceivedii il ii m3de Perlectlr it is inlpassibleto veil the rabernacleproperl),. Ao .ircrrlrr, $irh a smrrll rcund irolc in the rnitidle for the archiiecfor a .qoodcrrrle ter can often rcmcdv this crossof knob ai fte top of the cib('fiumlid; il the defectin e roorlcrr.rlLrr. (hc .r1.rie'irl i\ rr:n' sr,ft rnJ li"!l)f rr.r.,l !.ssel r.ill frontals. Gold thread is permiited io stend fo! anl to bc ihe conln]onopinion of approvcdauihors that the colo! other thao that of the pcniteriiill season.r6Con frortal may be dispensedwith if the altar is formcd segumtly a gold frontal hanginSon a rod and lincd in the stlle of a sepulcher,or if it is ornimcniedwirh with violet, will meet all requircments,even [that of] met4l decorationsor with pleciousstones or wrth 69. a RequiemMass at a high altar where the Blcssed ures. In other words, a frontai should not co ccal Sacramentis rese4,ed;for in this caseboth th€ frontaPt somcibirg more beautiful than its€lf. Alost of our and the tabernaclcveitr8 must be violet. and not black. "artistic' altars look better aod arc more apt to in. All that is needcLlis b lifr ihe roJ and relerseit \'heo sfire dclotion\ten theylrc ve-.teJrvjth ihe ffolltalt required.]e prescribeciby tlrc rubricj. "It is quite possible,'says Dom Roulin, to have a THE FRONTLET simpleaod inexpecsi'rexltr, a block of stone,or €vm 'lhe frontlet is a 6 or 7.ioch strip of coloredma' a oeatn'oodwork frarne containing Lhe allar sione,and terial, $ilh or \ithoui fringc, \rfiicir hi]ngsov€r thc a frontal to covcr it tlsicfully. Ii is noi essentiaithri upperpart of tlre fronialand extends{rom oneend thc trontal be eobroidered. A piccc of silk demask oI the xltar to tlre oiher. "lt is a pracricalnecessitv in yellos, ar:C ilbtte, or red aad yellorv. cr a single whco rhe f.onhl itself is hung on rings bcncarhth.: color, red, or green,or whateverit rnlv be, is all ftnt altar,iu orJerto hidc tbe hooksor rod,shorLldthcse is requircd-One rnav.rllow oneself the aCditjonof :r be used.It fliI l)eucked onlo one of thc und€rrLtrr! nronulrrrm.o- of , rn.-e ,5 rlre .rn;r, eJ.c...r -, !],)th< Ir sho(:ldbe strongly olounteJ on .(rarseline.. elonqtLc lorrcrt;!.r:: oi t[e frrrrirl; or o!)en'Jr halc .rnclrviit rlrus thecloth fr.;m slippi,rg.... tt i; two or four verticll bands,hmging likc stolestrorn (he lrcleni doublfu!if the frontlcLne€d conform io lhe coLorof upFer .dge, 'l'he mooogramand lhe olpirreysare iis- the frontals,and for the sakcof conle icnccand econ. tioct inlprovehefltsif they ere rvcll proportionedand om,va phb red fronllet nill sulice for ordioiry occ:r. rightly adjusted.They are certa;dt to be preferredto sions- red being the color that will go best with the nar.ow stripsof gold lace,stifi, monotonous,and \ )itc, andpurple. r! not appreciabltdecoraiilc, thai are stiichedonto cer -qreeo, tain frontals,"{o THETASERNACLE YEIL Alihcu_qhtlrc n:hries rnd lhe decrecscf tbc Srcrel 'I'he L:tin NorJ trtlnttiitlt nr..r'r! teni. rnd it is (iougrr'.e;:iiorroi liir.- l|rJLc :r,r c\!.p:rlin ri sr?orj tl, be gracefully and fttingly covered by a veil thus con- If a sermonis preachedwhile the BlcssedSacra- celvccl rrnd cxcauted"rl melrt is solennly exposedon the aikrr, a veii or ban- neretshould be placedbefore It.J{ V'hile no particular THE MONSTRANCEVEIL materialis pftscribed,silk should be preferred. The 'lbe color is, of.ourse,Nlrite, the color properto the Blcssed monstranccshould be covercd L,iih a \l.hite veil Sacraincllt.The vcil may be plain, o! it may be orna- $hen it stands on tbe altar both before aDd rfLcf ex. n'enteJr rrnl le rlJ rar.'.r) m.ru:<'rr'l' friu;e positid) of the BlessedSacrament.r: "l-he rrrtcrirl of - i,nJa synbolc'[ drelllessed Sacrarnrnt. rvhictr this vcii is made is n(,t prercrilred. A soft *hitc silk is recommcnded THEAMICE A good veil nr.1t be fashioned in eithcr.of truo iva1s. lt may be made to 6t the honstrance somewh:rtlooscly, The:rmiceshor-rld be narleof linenor hernplrtcot- the iop and upper parts consisring of t.rvo fieccs of ion, wool, or ary othcr materirl is forbidden-J6Its &aterrill se\in icllethcr at the edges. Or it rnay be band of brocadeor errbroideryand the like round thc beforebeiog tucked in at the waist, ought to be Long skirt, anti narrorverbands round the wrists. Stiii rn3- e{ough io reachthe bottom of i}re alb. To be usable terial shouldnot be usedin thesebands so as tror ro by diflerent personsit should oot be less than 12 nor i8tcrferes,,ith the flexibility of the alb. Lrce, too, is nore thxn ld feel long. The tasselssholrld be of permitiedon ihe lower part of the skirr and on the mediumsire. In color it lnay aiwxysbe 1\'hile,or it culls.6t Laceused on an alb should be strongiD tcx- may be of the samecolor as the vcstnrerts.6e tureand bolcl in desi.qoso asnot to apfcar elleminrte..i js A cokrrcdfoundation permittedLrnder ]x.e. ind ihis THEsURPLICE ordinarilyshould be the color of thc wearer'scirssock. All authoritiesstress the poiot tbat grexr resifarnr llistorically, the surplireis an abbreviatedfonn of shouldbe Lrscdin the ornameniationof albs. This i! the alb. Tire materialis not prescribed,but bccauseof especially true \yith regard to lace. As an ornament rheorigin of dris\estment, iinen rrould Le appropt'rte it is a sign of joy dnd is, thelefore, appropriatefor for a priests surplice,The nraterialshould be llcxible the garmenl ihe kncesand festiveoccasions, and correspondinglyout of placeon and abundant, reachingto srde ordinarydays and in seasoosof penancennd mourning. hrvinglorrg, slecves.A roundor squ.rreopenrng head the rvearer.The It shouldbe borne in mirrd also that oo ec':lcsiasti.nJ a( the iop ,rdmitsthe of pl,rio reconr. dr€s9thc amourt of laccl'orn is x signof rankrand so surflice.lvithout ornament of any kind. is of s,)meNhxt decp laceshould be rvorn oolv by p.el.tcs (iis lenstir meoded bv illl authorities. Ornxorant forbir.Llen being ni proporrionto their rirni:). .' l|c s,rnlesort ::r is usc,lon rn :rll. is not - but lhc lessoinl1menl the bettef. Plcafing is noi an THECJNCTURE ornnmenttit's a ni8htnrare. "l need lrardh poinr out,' srrs Fortescu€, that This mav be rna<1eof any stlong material,but silk artisticalll the bcautyrnd dignity of this rarmenl arc shouldbe usedonly for prelatcs.'*Thc cinctureshould eniirely x Daiter of long, full fo1d5,A iong suTli€e be neithertoo thic! nor too stiff, and one that is too falling in folds, with wide slee,res- one, in short, short is uselcss.The familier, flexibLe,lead pencil-size madeaccordiDg to St. Cbarle'srules-$ an exceed" cinclureis besl. iogll handsomegarment-'t0 Thus, an Engiishmat A cinL-rr!cjilust hrvc col}si.!erehlclelgth sinccit i,: pgi ts out the i.lc:rl; rn lnmeniso!'cr $hrt '\nrcgica'r pdt rounr!thc *aist clr,Lrblec.l.!nd thc trsseledcnis. is only too often ihe rc:Il: Ur)foftllJl.itcl) ) srts 31 ITapclhorsi,"manufacturels and deelersofier for sale io the sxnciuary?\ghy doll him up io a (ule little surplicesthat provoke ridicule raiher tbarrafiord edi- bunny-tail,powder-pufi , iloating'rib.length lace or cloth fcatiorl garmentsdevoid of all tasteand el€gance.":l thing misnamedr surpliceTl"ittle'$onder that servers These stlictures cao be veri6ed by examining the pages traditionallyuAvest sc hastilyand, often enough,hang of some of our clrurch goods catalogues ir which, their surpliceson lhe floor. The propervesture for an among other thin6's,the all-lace surpliceis the rule, altar boy is a black cassockiong enoughto cove(hls and cloth the exccption.And Bishop\.an der Stappen shite "cords," and a (loth surPlicetbat reach€sto bis reminclsus that the surpliceis a garfl.nt thal ought knees.Thc cLtstomof lestiog senersLq c.Pes, sashes. ao,l other inriiatiorr of ihe coshrmcof pr€l.rtcsis for' to be orde of cloth,noi of iace.'2 Scethe illustr.!- tions of good anclbad surplicesiq Rorilin'sI"Jr| ,'//r eign io both th€ lctier and the spirit of the lit'rrgy ehd Vethtre) pF. 30-12. The plstor is likely to h.rve a copyol Fa$er O'Conael,l's '1'l:e Celdt*iox ol Nau. THEALTAR COVER In its:]lally pagesof iilustr2^tions,note the er.ceptiooally At all titres when an aliar is oct bcing used,the ...€stolents, lonS surplices,ihe the altar, and thc cre eltarcloth is co.crcdto prolectit frorndusr. st.rin' or soiling. Tlre coveris maCeof any kind of becoming With us, the cotta has to a gleat extent repl3ccd material,silk or linen. baizcor velvet. Greenand red the dignified SarDreotdcscribed above. The .otta is arc the fatorite coiors;St. CharlesBortorneo r€coin' il shorlercdsurplice extcnding to thc hips, \'iih \i.ie mcadsthe former. Anl; color bu';black nlll,vbe Lrscd s';;rsons-: slecrcs that reach to rhe clbo.'.,s.Il is n ..r1'ciiicrlt -t liolct cl,rthis r1prL,;.ri.:rrfor r'.nitcrrtiel gxrne.t, and th.re ii ro legislationtlrat forbids or The cloih shoLridcoter thc !.'hoie surfice of the resiricisthe neating of ii. But it is by oo mcansthe altar tAl-.Ie.It might he a little wider than the tlble ideai. and a Jittle loflgcr so ihrt it rvill hang dorvn a fc* And altar boys' surplicesi If the altar ro.icty iJ re. inchesboth in front and at exchend. The edgesmaf sponsiblefor eithcr the maling or the purchasingof bescailopeil, embroidered, or ornamentedRith fringc.r{ thesegarnents, it is suggestedthat the memb€$ in Ttris (overingmusi be remoyedfrom the altxr du(inc full councilasscmblcd Jis.uss rhc follonir,einquiry: divrne se.tiaes.'to.(eft ar noted bclow Why make an altar bo1',who lools both handsorne It is known by variousnames, dllst cloth, altr. Pro' vcsfr..lotL. and at home clen in e foctireli sui:. lcJokli\c r sissv kcior, andthe quaiotnarne lcspelrle or washinq Sacrcd Lin.nt sincein at leasi PontificalVespers it is not removcd coveredwith a silk veil corrcspondingin color with from the altar, but at thc ircensingo{ il}e altar at ihe ihe vestmenisof thc celcbrant.L1 RequiemMasses no illagni fc at, is merely folded bark, thus leaving the front veil is used. BishopVan der Stappcnwould omit the half of thc altar cloth uncovered.T6 '\,'eil,llso whcn the stand iiself is beautiful, that is, \'hen it is madeof silvcror of elegantlycarled rvood.t, WASHINGSACRED LINENS Canonl-arv frescribesth,lt "pririficetors.palls. end LITURGICALCOLORS corporlls which have been used in the Hoh Srcrifice 1he liturgicrlcolors are \yhirc, red, grcen,vi(,let, of the MassInusl not be givn' to any l.ryperson. nor xnd bladi. The leSislaiionrcgarding color applics to Reli{ious, to be Mshed until ihey hxve beer prei,i- only to th€ f:rbriconl of $,hichthc vestm€ntis made. ous\' $ashedby a clericin rnajororders; and the n'ater It d{)esnot apply tu the addedornimenis or to ihe use.i io this firsl \r.ashingshall he poured into the lining,all of rvhichnay beof aoysuitable colof. Real slcrarium,or, iI therebe no s:rcrarium,into the fire."77 clolhof gold (not n)erelyeold colo,ed cloth) nraybe This rv*lrirg sholld be done ;t) :r i'esselthrt is .:sed userlirstead cf $'l)ite.red, or {reel, but not {or violet for ro other purpcse. Thcre is no le8islaiiorito the o. black.sr Cloth af silver mx)- be substitutcdfor jnust efiectthrt theseiinens be \,rshcd rx)fc ihan once vlritc.sl RoJc,ci)loredlcstmenis xrc Frmitird on thc l .rtleri.-' \dJiriorrl \rshi,.f n.f l,eJorc (l J ,\ third Sundeyof Adverlt (6rrlc/e) .Ind on the foulth tnenbcrof tlrcl:itr'. m:n or \omrn Sufl(larof I-erlf(L,|./rte). If i chllr.hh:rs no vcsi. Usedpurificerors, palls. :rnd rorponls nrrr be han, nrents1)f ihis color. vxrlci ir Lrseel.tIJlue is irrLbid,.lc Jletl oniv bv clericserd 5v thoses,ho h:'.,ccltrge of cx(eft bt spe.iali!1duii.3t Yestmcnts of colorss. mixcd tire sr(risi\':thc.e, too. J:e riloscd t,' Frrprrc rhe that no onecol.rr clcrrll predominltcs.are forbidden.s' chaii.e ifl thc s?.ristv, nor nc.d thev us,r a clotil in In othern'crds, a veshre.tthat is usedas a u'hitc handiingit,ie vCshnenton one dtry may rol be $orn as a red vest- mcni o anotherday. VEILOF THEMISSAL STANO Violet, a5 a liturgic:ll ierm, me^nsa rcd $jolet,not The rubrics pres.ribe that the ]liissal oo the altar the blue vio:et which is the:r.hal color of tire flo\-e(. sirculdrust ,rr, :i t Lrshi,;t].tror c tl,c irIrii,-rrliriss,rl -Sinc(r'ictlet is tbc Iitrrrgic;1lc(tof i1,f \.csime.is\.o|'r sla,ldmadc of mcralor \i,otul.s'Ilie staudshould be on t,tlrirc.ii.ridr1s, r!rc ci:rltr shrclcrc'f tliered riolc.t 34 Liturgical Color. ale besl,33lflhat a medleyof violet colols greetsthe BIBLIOGRAPHY eyesof the faithful or Vigils, on the Ember Days, and during Advent and Lent! The vesimenij,the frootal, Thc book liltcd bclow ar€ €ither quoted io this pimrhlet or rcferrcdto. Thosemalked with ,n aste.iskRiU b; heipful ard tie tabeflracle veit, each vith its own tint or hue, to rncmbcrsof an alta. so€iety. Thc oth€rs will be of iDtcrcsr are only too often in striking conkast 'with one an- to priestsard scntnarirns. other. And in Pa5siontidethe veils of the crucifix and Anson,Petfi J., Cb'rb.!: Tb.ir Plan afd Pn"ithing (Rtu e statues may contribute an additional tint. How much PublishingCo., t{ilwdukec,19.19). more becorling and dignified it would be if onc hue, cde,.notile EP'.opoftn (Marietti,Tu.in, 192.{). and at lar at pottible only one, *'erc seen cverr*here Cdhbli. Et.tclo\nia (N.w Yo.k, 19t2 ). *Coihrs, rn rne sanctuify. H. E., Tlre ChulehE fce a,,1 itt Appo;"t,'ent' (The Dolphin Press,Philadclphia, 1940). Dreis.Henry, ito'al ard Pr.totalTh.ak gt (Sheedand Wrrd. N€e York l91t)- De C.rpo-I{orctti, Czqenonidle i xh IAt/,! Ronar"n (Marietti,Tufin, 19t?). Dc Herdt,T.8.. Sr'..:€l/:rngite Pleir (JolcphVrnlinrhoL , Lou\rin,9th ed.,Le94). *Forfene, Ad.itr', Th. Venn."tt ol the RaDc' Nt. l'ffu Pruht ?rcs,. New Yi.k). A 1o-prgepamplJet which jr in rnsPrnDghrstoft.il css3l. *Lll lou,\g'. J. .nd lilbot. \v. n., T hc Tex ti l., - 1t ph t.,. . ! ! ai ti:e ,4lu (Lirurt,(!l ,{rts Sodcty, \;rk, lrjr) ^-ew Dght hrse frges aoorritunSurLJblc ,oiornrrioo rnJ !x ccllentillu$rations of hoe$ 1 litxs o'Connell,John 8., ?r, Cel.bfttia,0l (ts.ucclublitl. ir8 Co-, M $ ke.). Publishedin ^t.!trgtl in I \oiumcs, aAdh 191{ is a snrglcvolume. OKlneF.rllofl, Notet on tbe Rtbi.t ol the Ronra tuba (J&nesD'!q .nd Co, Dublin, 193t). +Roul:n.f. 4., Ve..).nt, a d iirkl. (Sardr rnd Co., fondon,lolli He'CcrEook C!.. St. Lonir). 'Ihe mosl . ;mlDrtrnt !:ork c' tle n,bj(!1. The [!n! tr gtror]tio'll 35 $ercuscd qjth tre i:H,::,Ji';f ii$l'.,T":,-t srtrcious REFERENCES cao]";e' ("thcAfth' ":1[,$iiliii#;;xl'#,Epi,at)'t r. S.R. C., n, 2600. 'i *".'.-'i:ni?,*::*l:{,,? ' 3- S.R.C., n. 3191". '":,d*'\i,:,t:::l';3,^:.,t::,,|:;1,*,^:;*!"X,::,:Xii:,:,i"l*xn"1l":e.;:l;l , ,'",':::,:;,1;1, ".y:',;,,;,fl.i;,,; 1,,"o.,"a *', ., ..r,.. ;.!"i'',;;1j";l;J,".-,"9i:o""' .4. "r".t' r::i ' : "^",,":'",:;:;;"i": / ji vo' , r r- r,liii:if ;'l:'I{::':l'r'r*::i':.n:: i ,': 3 S R C., n. 2600 *iT'.|,iii:'*L 1'''i s't te I';hn (t)enz;se'| f:If ii; sik P'nxij\.1 r, n. ,,i,,.i,irr !,.r. *;::;::1*'#ii-;18";r ""1;"3j.il;:'l''i:1:',ii"!: /"/ (Bu,"oats and \y/ash' ,?';:: ,i:.-;.i,'Jij'",,i_.,i,'. t2 ah. c.t,o"., ., ' *.ii:;,*,;l,,il Ndrer.vcJ/" u t'! (Burnsoatcs and ,l ,1,",; i i,l ^',.i ;1:,:j: ., i,,'.;..j ';';"i".1'; ::. ,; . 1,";11,; z,;3,ail pusiei ". , , ;J, "li::"l"lli:?;{1i,.'-r (Fred*i.k co, i::.,"ili"":::",'I.t,,":1,P. I .;i,, ^ :,.:: f i__1,, 'Tiit';ii:K:tlr'*iT;[,i;,).:,;!,"i:,,t::,:;: 1..';.. ::,.r:1...'"j ''i i,';-i,"w. .';'l ."!,!;,:: rr r+ !.r,1t,r, Tir x..r r ll r-t.,/ ..", v I ri. o i_+ ,t,:,t .t, r.ir I n I \ | ( ,r.'.nlSlt.: n r.lr rs 5R.c,f rl-r'. ',ii::' ;L ; 1,"1'. ;,,; .,. : :, ,:! /rd J, vo. x\Yr. I 2r: 1 l'"". ":'l'';51,- 'jt"A , - , 1.,. 1 2{. ,?irr C./er.,Til XX. :\ YLr,rera 1ad VttLt. b 7t) 76. Ck. Ll , Lt6 r. .,n,t xn ,n " .'l.; | .'""i",'*'';'',- vo'rrr.e o. /n1,r;.. rrr,. pr.r_.rl I lr{.,-r,\. '. X\ , | | .t \., I 37 I 3a 11.R,b. G.,., ){](. 61. Dta.ti,! lot t/* U!. ol 4td Sari.ti.t,,t tu.btkd!, p. t2. 32, S,R.C, l?ot'!: n. 3162. 63. 5.L.c., o- 2067r;n, t1r3. t,. sE \?.}ln. Ctrwct SrobolilB (.lcchoJ, i KN''' Chhti.i 6r, S-R. C,, .. 2194. Srarol .nd llau T^ U Tl'4 (It lE uk^c,l Vrn Trcc-t .nd 10. T+ yaia.,'! al thc Raaa" Itit.,.. ta. Cttlt, St'nb.l' tn s cbh,, (rtilw.ute). 7r. Codlp.ndiza s.ft.. Littrtid., o. 4a. Y. co|g..tdion ol thc Holl Ofk., Jif,. 26. r89r. 72. Saa Utsqia, Vot- lll, Q. r12. 3t, S.R.C., n. 1492. 73, Ci.r, Er., Lib. I, crplt XIl. nr s. 16. 16.S. R, C,, .. 114t. 14. Cdboli. Lat.lotdid, vor I, p. ir5i Vrn . .,tol, d* Srppcn. Sdda ,7, S.R.C., n ,201-. ljtrrliz, lll, Q, 1A, 1S-S. R. C-, n 1t62. ?t, 5.R- C., !. lt7d. ^.2. _6. Llr, 39. Geofiey \!rb!, 7rc lrtlrsi.d .1!t&, r. a9. 5 ni. rdl a , .41i1.. Ca o!,! p tl 40, VeJttu."r and l/.ttt/cr p 1t7. ?7, Goo. 1305. S 2. 4r. Cb'i.bq: Ttch Ph" 1,*nt!b;,t, t8. Sr. DrqA. Illti Pttlr.rl'ficoi-sJ. yrt. Ilt. l.)l .ad F. r2o. 'zd r {2. Tit,^ns6n, lV. ..p(t I, .. 6, 7t. crf,rn lrrL, ! r. .t1. s. n. c., n. 3646". so.{zr. 6,,., xx. .14,S. R. C., .. tr45i n. n191. 8r. Car, t ., Lib. I, @pur Xrr. D, tt- 4t- S-R- C., n- l0lr', a2. ,d.,a Utzrsit, Yot- 7tI. O_ r5r, 46. R.C.,n. 83. S. R, C., o. 2a46', 1t9I'. S. 1162. ". jDnlion ,{7.S.1,, C,,.. }lto. 84 5.i.C- n. 1646r. R.A.rJrnA ctnlhs of Aotd or 3it*,, 48. S-R. C., n- n. s v.o ds Sr.p!.n. saz lritteia, V.t t|,e. ro),; rv: Rout,n, l2t4r; 3709;o. {O3rr. v?nur., p 49. o-Krn.-F.l1on,Notct o, tlE Rrhht cl the Ranr, Rjt"dl, 47. 8t. C..r. f,t., iih. ll, crpur X.ll, ti R.C, n.4cg,,. 36, R.C., tO, Fjttdl. Rondtn,'lit S. r 2704r, tV, aput I. D. t- 97. S. L C., L 275tr. 7r. l-.Jh.sh d"d Vetue, p la4. ta. aP. Di..'ialt tb. un al !1Jr So..u4,aJ Athn. B . \\. 52.S. R. C,, f. 4:48". Iofic$ue, Ir. Rantn Rn., (,..b,"ti;, VeaneslJ p t,.:: OG.$. . 7r. :,j 7t. ard |,.t,t., r'r, ?rLrr, \'.1. t. n. 260, tJ. S R,C,, r. l?j_s'. tt S Il.C,.. :r1\ir. lri. S 1{ C.,n- ilJtJ:r 3t7r; d, i8as. 57, Rirt Cel.t., Tir. I, t. 5a. Drri, ilotul ada ?dlt.tal^. Th.oia yot. ttt, p. 11lJt ta , Dnz.. t:.1' tl. L. ot ,11k.S.a.t: , a,.J tr.hit.: r,.5 i Sr.Ct,r.trr 3otroDtu rnl O/vrau+ auor.J bv Van Jrr soppcn,Sj.', r,/,,rr:a vof, IIr, Q, rro; OConnell,Tb.C.hb'dior ol Itz,J,Vot.I, lr. .62. t9. S-R, C,, n 2ft0. '!fiisv, 60. S.R, C,, !. 94rr; n. 11792:n.3A6a. Arugsrlflff. treffU 61. H ad To,!L i. Y. t n. B, o. 6ot.t. MsE!.Collins, T lc Chkab EJif.c *n It! 4t,?!jntnzn't, D. 221. 62. Dtahrt l.r lE Lrreal Atrt Sotictia!.,,1*.hii.rtt, p. t2 6t, Yatta4t alJ vctn'., p- 21: tr. roo. ro(c$u'. :17. t/,r. ne4B al tltl Ron)t Rn., o, r:. al, S.R. C., .. lr_SLJrin. 380n!. r\, 5.u. C,,n 5r9)'i n. 378D". 66. OCorD(fr,Thc c.!.bktiaa ol nL.rt,yo], t, p.26a.