DOCSLIB.ORG

Dividing Classes: Segregation of Ethnic Minorities in Hong Kong Schools

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dividing Classes: Segregation of Ethnic Minorities in Hong Kong Schools DIVIDING CLASSES: SEGREGATION OF ETHNIC MINORITIES IN HONG KONG SCHOOLS By Ma-Theresa M. CUNANAN A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Education and Life-Long Learning, University of East Anglia June 2011 © This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognize that its copyright rests with the author and that no quotation from the thesis, nor any information derived may be published without the author’s prior written consent Declaration I certify that the work contained in this thesis submitted by me for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy is my original work, except where due reference is made to other authors, and has not previously been submitted by me for a degree at this or any other University. Signature: ________________________________________ Date: June 2011 PhD Thesis Title Dividing Classes: Segregation of Ethnic Minorities in Hong Kong Schools by MA-THERESA M. CUNANAN 2011 Abstract This thesis examines some of the issues surrounding the schooling experiences of ethnic minority students who attend mainstream, but segregated, secondary schools in Hong Kong. These ethnic minority students have been labelled by the Education Bureau as “non-Chinese speaking” (NCS) students and the schools they attend have been labelled as “designated schools”. This is a case study which looks into the complex ways in which meritocracy, segregation and social justice work within the Hong Kong education system, affecting higher education opportunities for ethnic minorities. It is commonly accepted that higher education opens doors to more opportunities and higher socio-economic status. Thus in a broader context there is a need to examine what goes on in Hong Kong’s institutional and cultural settings, as well as within the educational milieu of NCS students or ethnic minorities. In this case study approach, issues regarding micro-practices in a segregated school and educational accountability are examined as well. This research is a qualitative inquiry which borrows some of the principles of Foucault (1971) on governmentality and on knowledge/power; and also on Bourdieu’s (1973) considerations of cultural capital. The concepts of both Foucault and Bourdieu have been deployed reflexively. Special focus is put on exploring the choices, access and equity given to ethnic minorities regarding education in Hong Kong. The underlying motivation for this research also stems from the researcher’s personal experiences as an ethnic minority educated in Hong Kong. Hence, the data is founded in tacit knowledge along with data collected from a designated school and narratives shared by the students from that school. The educational policies and curriculum framework laid down by the Hong Kong Education Bureau have intrinsic and far-reaching effects on South and South East Asian students in particular. In this light, redefining the need for inclusive education of ethnic minorities in the name of social justice is also discussed. ii Acknowledgements “When you use the term minority or minorities in reference to people, you're telling them that they're less than somebody else. “ (Gwendolyn Brooks 1917-2000, Poet Laureate) I offer my first and foremost sincerest gratitude to Dr. Nalini Boodhoo, my supervisor and mentor. The journey into completing this thesis would not have been possible without her encouragement and patience. It was Professor Les Tickle and Dr. Nalini Boodhoo who gave me this opportunity to write about a topic close to my heart which I did not realize at the time was the beginning of a most amazing quest for knowledge in narratives. It is because of them that I was able to discover stories about people in Hong Kong who are not minorities at all. The cultural assets of Hong Kong are abundant if only we tapped more into talents of these people. I also want to convey my appreciation to Dr. Barbara Ridley whose intense tutorials whipped me back into action every time I thought I faltered. Here I also want to acknowledge Dr. Roy Barton. And of course a big thank you to all the other lecturers and professors at the University of East Anglia who inspired me to write. I am very fortunate to have wonderful group of colleagues at work that helped me along the way in completing my writing. But most of all, to my colleague Jeanne who is the most indefatigable person I know. Thank you Jeanne, for not giving up on me. To my family, I am eternally thankful for their unconditional support and believing in me. To my Mom who journeyed alone from the Philippines to Hong Kong and made this place her home because she aspired for something better. To my Dad who although is not with us anymore knew that I can complete this research. And to my beautiful children, Celeste and Cedric, I dedicate this to you. You are both the source of my strength. iii Table of Contents ABSTRACT ii ACKNOWLEDGEMEN TS iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv-vi LIST OF ACRONYMS USED IN THIS RESEARCH vii-viii APPENDICES viii LIST OF FIGURES AND DIAGRAMS ix CHAPTER ONE: ADDRESSING THE CONTEXT 1.1 Introduction 1 1.1.1 Education in Hong Kong 3 1.1.2 Historical Overview 5 1.1.2.1 The ticket to Higher Education – 5 1st Class Carriage 1.1.2.2 The ticket to Higher Education – 9 2nd Class Carriage 1.1.2.3 Free Education for All 15 1.1.2.4 The Dominant Language of 20 Interaction in Hong Kong 1.1.3 An Overview of the Education System in Hong 22 Kong 1.1.3.1 The Ulcer Underneath the 24 Poultice 1.2 The Issue at Hand 29 1.2.1 Research Aim 29 1.2.2 Research Questions 32 1.2.3 Significance of the Study (Part I) 33 1.2.4 Significance of the Study (Part II) 36 Personal vignettes of the 36 researcher and weaving the narratives 1.2.5 Overview of the Chapters 43 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction 44 2.2 Cultural Capital (Part I) 45 2.2.1 Cultural Capital in the Post-Colonial Era 45 2.2.2 Linguistic Capital and the New Imperialism 51 2.3 Governmentality 52 2.3.1 Governmentality – Michel Foucault and 52 Education 2.3.2 Social Justice – John Rawls 52 2.3.3 Cultural Hegemony – Antonio Gramsci 53 2.4 Understanding Power / Knowledge in Making Choices 54 2.4.1 Drawing on Informed Choices 57 2.5 Cultural Capital (Part II) 58 2.5.1 Cultural Capital embedded in the HK 58 Education Policies 2.5.2 Hong Kong’s Untapped Capital 60 iv CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction 63 3.2 Research Methodology 64 3.2.1 Naturalistic Inquiry 64 3.2.2 Philosophical Approach to the Empirical Study 65 3.2.3 Restating the Research Settings and Research 66 Questions 3.3 Research Design Overview 67 3.3.1 Refining the Focus and Main Methods Adopted 67 3.3.2 Narrative Reporting 68 3.3.3 The Road Not Taken 69 3.3.4 The Road Taken 72 3.4 Researcher as Both Insider/Outsider 74 3.5 Data Management and Analysis 78 3.5.1 Data Gathering 80 3.5.2 Open-ended Interview Questions 83 3.5.3 Semi-structured Interviews 85 3.5.4 Ethical and Political Concerns 88 3.5.5 Role of the Researcher 89 3.5.6 Validity and Reliability 91 3.5.7 Limitations of the Study 92 3.6 Signpost to Other Themes 94 CHAPTER FOUR: THE CASE STUDY SCHOOL 4.1 Introduction 96 4.2 Part I 97 4.2. 1 The Designated School – Mary Immaculate 97 College (MIC) 4.2.2 The Head Teacher (Principal) – Dr. Liang 102 4.2.3 Children left behind 107 4.3 Part II 113 4.3.1 The Ethnic Minorities Vignettes 114 4.3.1.1 Juan Carlos 114 4.3.1.2 Cherise 118 4.3.1.3 Aisha 125 4.3.1.4 Iram 132 4.3.1.5 Latika 138 4.3.1.6 Shakana 140 4.3.1.7 Salim 143 4.3.1.8 Farid 144 4.3.1.9 Husna and her father, Sohrab 146 4.4 Conclusion 152 CHAPTER FIVE: THE LANGUAGE ISSUE IN HONG KONG 5.1 Introduction 154 5.2 The Language Issue in Hong Kong (Part I) 154 5.2.1 Linguistic Capital and Linguistic Equity 154 5.3 The Language Issue in Hong Kong (Part II) 156 5.3.1 Investing in Chinese Language Literacy of HK 156 v Ethnic Minority Students 5.3.2 The White Elephants 161 5.3. 3 The Language Issue According to the Head 168 Teacher of the Case Study School CHAPTER SIX: EMPOWERING NARRATIVE 6.1 Introduction 170 6.2 The Schools Banding System and the Assessment of 170 Students 6.3 Chinese Language Assessment in a Segregated System 176 6.4 Higher Education Opportunities for Ethnic Minorities 180 6.5 The Unspoken and Unchallenged Biases 181 6.6 Guidelines to the Teaching of Chinese as a Second ary 183 Language CHAPTER SEVEN: INCLUSIVE EDUCATION 7.1 An Overview of Inclusive Education 185 7.1.1 Parameters of Inclusion in Education 186 7.2 Inclusion in Education 188 7.2.1 Defin ing Equity and Equality 189 7.3 Inclusive Education in Other Countries 190 7.4 Inclusive Education in Hong Kong 191 7.4.1 Education for All in HK 191 7.5 Conclusion – Opportunity or Oppression? 194 CHAPTER EIGHT: THE WAY FORWARD 8.1 Recapitulation and the Race to Re -harness Education 200 Opportunities 8.2 Rebranding the Designated School 201 8.2.1 Content and Language Integrated Learning 204 (CLIL) 8.2.2 The Chinese Language School 205 CHAPTER NINE: CONCLUSION 9.1 Dividing Classes 209 BIBLIOGRAPHY 214 vi List of acronyms used in this research Acronyms Full name / description 3+3+4 The new reform of the Hong Kong educational system to be in full swing (or 3-3-4) in 2012, in which students attend 3 years of both junior and senior secondary school, and a further 4 more optional years at tertiary level AD Associate Degree BCA Basic Competency Assessments (Chinese, English, Mathematics) HKBU Hong Kong Baptist University CCCU Community College of City University (under Hong Kong City University) CCLU Community College at Lingnan University CDC Curriculum Development
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reviewing and Evaluating the Direct Elections to the Legislative Council and the Transformation of Political Parties in Hong Kong, 1991-2016
    Journal of US-China Public Administration, August 2016, Vol. 13, No. 8, 499-517 doi: 10.17265/1548-6591/2016.08.001 D DAVID PUBLISHING Reviewing and Evaluating the Direct Elections to the Legislative Council and the Transformation of Political Parties in Hong Kong, 1991-2016 Chung Fun Steven Hung The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong After direct elections were instituted in Hong Kong, politicization inevitably followed democratization. This paper intends to evaluate how political parties’ politics happened in Hong Kong’s recent history. The research was conducted through historical comparative analysis, with the context of Hong Kong during the sovereignty transition and the interim period of democratization being crucial. For the implementation of “one country, two systems”, political democratization was hindered and distinct political scenarios of Hong Kong’s transformation were made. The democratic forces had no alternative but to seek more radicalized politics, which caused a decisive fragmentation of the local political parties where the establishment camp was inevitable and the democratic blocs were split into many more small groups individually. It is harmful. It is not conducive to unity and for the common interests of the publics. This paper explores and evaluates the political history of Hong Kong and the ways in which the limited democratization hinders the progress of Hong Kong’s transformation. Keywords: election politics, historical comparative, ruling, democratization The democratizing element of the Hong Kong political system was bounded within the Legislative Council under the principle of the separation of powers of the three governing branches, Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. Popular elections for the Hong Kong legislature were introduced and implemented for 25 years (1991-2016) and there were eight terms of general elections for the Legislative Council.
    [Show full text]
  • May 2008 Issue No. 24 HKI
    Issue no. 24 HK May 2008 Newsletter Hong Kong Institute of Educational Research IE The Chinese University of Hong Kong In This Issue R Research Notes and Innovations 1 Research Notes and Innovations Evaluation Research on the Implementation of the Medium of Instruction Guidance for Secondary Schools 8 Research Programmes Principal Investigator: Professor Wing-kwong Tsang Programmes for Professional 8 Since September 1999, faculty members 1 of the Departments of Curriculum and Development Instruction (C&I) and Educational Administration and Policy (EAP), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, have carried out a longitudinal study to 10 Conferences, Seminars and evaluate the implementation of the Medium of Instruction Guidance for Public Lectures Secondary Schools (Guidance). The study is made up of three phases. The first two phases were commissioned by the then Education Department, the HKSAR 12 Development Projects government, 2 while the third phase is funded by the Public Policy Research (4009-PPR-2), the Research Grants Council of the University Grants 13 Research and Development Committee. The longitudinal study is by design an ex post facto policy-evalua- Centres tion research, which aims to assess the effects of the policy measure stipulated in the Guidance on secondary school students’ academic and psychosocial 15 Publications developments. The policy measure in point is the directive to mandate all secondary schools to “adopt Chinese for teaching all academic subjects, start- ing from their 1998/99 Secondary 1 intake” (Education Department, 1997, p. 4) unless they could prove another language (English) was as efficacious. The specific conditions for secondary schools to apply to use English as the medium 1 May 2008 Issue no.
    [Show full text]
  • The DNA of Hong Kong — the Bases 21
    1 Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Introduction and Background 6 Discovering the DNA of a City 12 The DNA of Hong Kong — The Bases 21 The DNA of Hong Kong — The Manifestations 33 – Connectivity 34 – Law and Justice 38 – Business Environment 43 – Culture 47 – Human Welfare 51 The DNA of Hong Kong 60 Illustrative Examples 65 The Future of Hong Kong’s DNA 86 2 Executive Summary (1/3) Discovering the DNA of a City All major cities, including Hong Kong, have a certain attitude and mindset that defines the people that live there. This is what differentiates a city from its peers. We could understand this as the “DNA” of a city: the values and behaviours that lead people to create the organisations, businesses and communities that make a city what it is. Challenged by both internal and external changes, Hong Kong is currently trying to determine what its future role in China, Asia and the world will be. But overcoming uncertainty about the future will need certainty about who we are and where we are now. By understanding the “DNA” of Hong Kong, we can build a framework to analyse what makes the city unique. The DNA framework proposed herein has four stages: the bases, macro-level structural factors that do not change in the long-term, help to shape the elements of Hong Kong’s DNA, which are the unique attitudes and mindsets held by Hong Kong’s residents. These elements are expressed by Hong Kong people as both positive and negative behaviours, and are manifested as the visible things we see in the city.
    [Show full text]
  • The Brookings Institution Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies
    THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION CENTER FOR NORTHEAST ASIAN POLICY STUDIES The 2004 Legislative Council Elections and Implications for U.S. Policy toward Hong Kong Wednesday, September 15, 2004 Introduction: RICHARD BUSH Director, Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies The Brookings Institution Presenter: SONNY LO SHIU-HING Associate Professor of Political Science University of Waterloo Discussant: ELLEN BORK Deputy Director Project for the New American Century [TRANSCRIPT PREPARED FROM A TAPE RECORDING.] THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION CENTER FOR NORTHEAST ASIAN POLICY STUDIES 1775 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036 202-797-6307 P R O C E E D I N G S MR. BUSH: [In progress] I've long thought that politically Hong Kong plays a very important role in the Chinese political system because it can be, I think, a test bed, or a place to experiment on different political forums on how to run large Chinese cities in an open, competitive, and accountable way. So how Hong Kong's political development proceeds is very important for some larger and very significant issues for the Chinese political system as a whole, and therefore the debate over democratization in Hong Kong is one that has significance that reaches much beyond the rights and political participation of the people there. The election that occurred last Sunday is a kind of punctuation mark in that larger debate over democratization, and we're very pleased to have two very qualified people to talk to us today. The first is Professor Sonny Lo Shiu-hing, who has just joined the faculty of the University of Waterloo in Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • 528 Annual Report 2014-15.Pdf
    Hong Kong Islamic Youth Association CONTENTS 1 Notice of 43rd HKIYA Annual General Meeting P.2 and Agenda 2 Chairperson’s Report P.3-4 3 Minutes of the 42nd HKIYA Annual General P.5-8 Meeting held on 20th December 2014 4 HKIYA Annual Report 2014 – 2015 P.9-18 5 HKIYA Financial Report 2014 – 2015 P.19-31 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The General Council wishes to express its appreciation to all those who had donated to the Hong Kong Islamic Youth Association as well as those who voluntarily contributed their effort and time to the activities of the Association in promoting Islam and brotherhood during the year under review. ******************************************************************************** - 1 - NOTICE *********** NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the 43rd Annual General Meeting of the Hong Kong Islamic Youth Association (HKIYA) will be held at 4:30 p.m. on 20th December 2015 (Sunday) at 6/F, Seminar Room, O.R.S. Islamic Centre, 40 Oi Kwan Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong. AGENDA ************ 1. To confirm the minutes of the 42nd HKIYA Annual General Meeting held on 27th December 2014. 2. To receive and adopt the Annual Report and Statement of Accounts for the year of 2014/2015. 3. To elect General Council Members and Chairperson in accordance with Articles 36 & 37 (c) of the Memorandum & Articles of the Association for the Year of 2016. 4. To appoint the Auditor of the Association under Article 60 of the Memorandum & Articles of the Association for the Year 2015/2016. By Order of the General Council Vice-chairperson HIRA Khan - 2 - Message from the Chairman In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful Peace and Blessing be upon our Beloved Prophet Muhammad, His Companions and His Family Dear Brothers & Sisters, Assalamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh As I began to write this message, I realized another year has passed in the blink of an eye; however it has been a fruitful and challenging year for me as the chairman of Hong Kong Islamic Youth Association, and the entire team that drives HKIYA.
    [Show full text]
  • OFFICIAL RECORD of PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 11
    LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ─ 11 June 2014 14675 OFFICIAL RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 11 June 2014 The Council met at Eleven o'clock MEMBERS PRESENT: THE PRESIDENT THE HONOURABLE JASPER TSANG YOK-SING, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ALBERT HO CHUN-YAN THE HONOURABLE LEE CHEUK-YAN THE HONOURABLE JAMES TO KUN-SUN THE HONOURABLE CHAN KAM-LAM, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LEUNG YIU-CHUNG DR THE HONOURABLE LAU WONG-FAT, G.B.M., G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE EMILY LAU WAI-HING, J.P. THE HONOURABLE TAM YIU-CHUNG, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ABRAHAM SHEK LAI-HIM, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE TOMMY CHEUNG YU-YAN, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE FREDERICK FUNG KIN-KEE, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE VINCENT FANG KANG, S.B.S., J.P. 14676 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ─ 11 June 2014 THE HONOURABLE WONG KWOK-HING, B.B.S., M.H. PROF THE HONOURABLE JOSEPH LEE KOK-LONG, S.B.S., J.P., Ph.D., R.N. THE HONOURABLE JEFFREY LAM KIN-FUNG, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ANDREW LEUNG KWAN-YUEN, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE WONG TING-KWONG, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE RONNY TONG KA-WAH, S.C. THE HONOURABLE CYD HO SAU-LAN THE HONOURABLE STARRY LEE WAI-KING, J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE LAM TAI-FAI, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE CHAN HAK-KAN, J.P. THE HONOURABLE CHAN KIN-POR, B.B.S., J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE PRISCILLA LEUNG MEI-FUN, S.B.S., J.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Minutes Have Been Seen by the Administration)
    立法會 Legislative Council LC Paper No. CB(4)969/15-16 (These minutes have been seen by the Administration) Ref : CB4/SS/2/15 Subcommittee on International Organizations (Privileges and Immunities) (ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office) Order Minutes of the meeting held on Thursday, 24 March 2016, at 4:30 pm in Conference Room 2A of the Legislative Council Complex Members : Hon Cyd HO Sau-lan, JP (Chairman) present Hon LEE Cheuk-yan Hon Alan LEONG Kah-kit, SC Dr Hon Kenneth CHAN Ka-lok Hon Dennis KWOK Attendance by : Agenda item I invitation Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau Mr Jackie LIU Principal Assistant Secretary (Financial Services) Mr Henry YIM Assistant Secretary (Financial Services) Hong Kong Monetary Authority Mr Clement LAU Head (External) Ms Linda TSE Senior Manager (External) - 2 - Department of Justice Ms Melody HUI Senior Government Counsel (Treaties and Law) Miss Emma WONG Senior Government Counsel Clerk in : Mr Anthony CHU attendance Chief Council Secretary (4)1 Staff in : Miss Joyce CHAN attendance Assistant Legal Adviser 1 Ms Wendy JAN Senior Council Secretary (4)7 Ms Prima LAI Legislative Assistant (4)1 Action I. Meeting with Administration (File Ref: G10/34/9C -- Legislative Council Brief L.N. 35 of 2016 -- International Organizations (Privileges and Immunities) (ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office) Order LC Paper No. LS36/15-16 -- Legal Service Division Report LC Paper No. CB(4)720/15-16(02) -- Background brief prepared by the Legislative Council Secretariat LC Paper No. CB(4)769/15-16(01) -- List of follow-up actions arising from the discussion at the first meeting on 16 March 2016 LC Paper No.
    [Show full text]
  • SAP Crystal Reports
    浸信會永隆中學 Baptist Wing Lung Secondary School Tai Hing Gardens, Phase II, 6A Ho Hing Circuit, Tuen Mun, N.T. 24643638 [email protected] 24634382 http://www.bwlss.edu.hk Mission Statement Information of Teaching Staff We are committed to providing high quality education for the youth infused with christian values with a (including School Head) view to giving our students a balance growth in the aspects of ethics, intellect, physique, social skills, Number of teaching posts in the approved 56 aesthetics and spirituality. establishment Total number of teachers in the school 64 Qualifications and professional training (% of total number of teachers) School Information Teacher Certificate / Diploma in Education 100% Supervisor / Chairman of Dr. Chan Ping Cheung School Management Bachelor Degree 97% Committee Master / Doctorate Degree or above 38% Principal (with Mr. Cheng Kai Lam (M.Ed.) Qualifications / Special Education Training 13% Experiences) Years of Experience (% of total number of teachers) School Type Aided Co-ed 0 - 4 years 5 - 9 years ≥10 years School Motto Wisdom, Kindness, Loyalty and Faith 9% 8% 83% Name of Sponsoring The Baptist Convention of Hong Kong Year of Commencement of 1996 Body Operation Area Occupied by the About 5800 Sq. M Religion Protestantism / Incorporated Management Established School Christianity Committee Parent-Teacher Yes Past Students' Association / Yes Student Union / Yes Association School Alumni Association Association Subjects Offered in the 2019/2020 School Year Chinese Language, Mathematics*, Liberal
    [Show full text]
  • FCR(2005-06)39 on 13 January 2006
    For discussion FCR(2005-06)39 on 13 January 2006 ITEM FOR FINANCE COMMITTEE HEAD 156 - GOVERNMENT SECRETARIAT : EDUCATION AND MANPOWER BUREAU Subhead 700 General non-recurrent New Item “Grant to the Language Fund” Members are invited to approve a new commitment of $1,100 million for injection into the Language Fund. PROBLEM We need to strengthen the teaching and learning of English in our secondary schools and to support the wider use of Putonghua to teach the Chinese Language subject in primary and secondary schools. PROPOSAL 2. The Secretary for Education and Manpower (SEM) proposes to inject $1,100 million into the Language Fund (the Fund) to – (a) strengthen the teaching and learning of English in secondary schools, and (b) support the wider use of Putonghua to teach the Chinese Language subject in primary and secondary schools. JUSTIFICATION 3. There is an outstanding balance of $550 millionNote 1 in the Fund as at the end of November 2005. However, more than $489 million have been /earmarked ..... Note 1 A total of $1,400 million have been injected into the Fund since 1994. Added to this is a total interest income of $186 million accrued by the Fund over the years. Taking into account the total grants of $1,030 million already approved for various projects (of which $401 million has already been spent and $629 million has been committed for initiatives in progress) and $6 million already spent on other miscellaneous expenses, there was an outstanding balance of $550 million left in the Fund as at the end of November 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • Acknowledgements.Pdf
    Acknowledgements The following individuals and organisations are gratefully aclmowledged for providing information and/or photo(s) for the compilation this book (the Steering Committee apologises for unintended omissions): Individuals Cheung Wai-ping Francis Ho Suen-wai Annie Bentley Liang Ann-lee Linus Cheung Wing-lam Faith Ho Wat Chi-suk Au Fun-kuen Angela Cheung Wong Wan-yiu Gallant Ho Yiu-tai Amy Chan Cheng Yi-yim James Chiu Hui Yin-fat Francis Bong Shu-ying John Chiu Ip Shing-hing Vincent Chan Cheong-wa Chiu Ling-yang Jim Chi-yung Stephen Chan Chi-wan Yvonne Chiu Kam Hing-lam Christopher Chan Cheuk Anne Choi Ching-yee Tony Kan Chung-nin John Chan Cho-chak Andrew Choi Fook-ming Kan Lai-bing Chan Choi-lai Choi Sau-yuk Kan Yuet-keung Catherine Chan Ka-ki Catherine Chong Yuet-ngai Mary Kao May-loy Errol Chan Kam-kau Anna Chow Kiang Kwan-sang Chris Chan King-chi Selina Chow Liang Shuk-yee Vincent Ko Hon-chiu Daniel Chan Kwong-on Paul Chow Man-yiu Stanley Ko Kam-chuen Cecilia Chan Lai-wan Andrew Chow On-kin Ko Ping-keung Natalie Chan Man-se Chow Shew-ping Ko Tim-keung Chan Man-wai Nelson Chow Wing-sun Ko Tin-lung Mirrunie Michele Chan Mei-Ian Chow Yung-ping Norman Ko Wah-man Chan Nam Choy So-yuk Donald Koo Hoi-yan Chan Po-king Stanley Chu Yu-lun Kwan Chuk-fai Chan Siu-kam Chung Ling-hoi Edward Kwan Pak-churig Patrick Chan Siu-oi Chung Man-wing Vincent Kwan Pun-fong Thomas Chan Sze-tong Andrew Chung On-tak Susan Kwan Shuk-hing Alfred Chan Wing-kin Chung Pui-lam Simon Kwan Sin-ming Chan Wing-luk Timpson Chung Shui-ming Kenneth Kwok Hing-wai
    [Show full text]
  • Open Dissertation FINAL2.Pdf
    The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of Communications AFTER A RAINY DAY IN HONG KONG: MEDIA, MEMORY AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS, A LOOK AT HONG KONG’S 2014 UMBRELLA MOVEMENT A Dissertation in Mass Communications by Kelly A. Chernin © 2017 Kelly A. Chernin Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2017 The dissertation of Kelly A. Chernin was reviewed and approved* by the following: Matthew F. Jordan Associate Professor of Media Studies Dissertation Adviser Chair of Committee C. Michael Elavsky Associate Professor of Media Studies Michelle Rodino-Colocino Associate Professor of Media Studies Stephen H. Browne Liberal Arts Research Professor of Communication Arts and Sciences Ford Risley Professor of Communications Associate Dean of the College of Communications *Signatures are on file in the graduate school. ii ABSTRACT The period following an occupied social movement is often overlooked, yet it is an important moment in time as political and economic systems are potentially vulnerable. In 2014, after Hong Kong’s Chief Executive declared that the citizens of Hong Kong would be unable to democratically elect their leader in the upcoming 2017 election, a 79-day occupation of major city centers ensued. The memory of the three-month occupation, also known as the Umbrella Movement was instrumental in shaping a political identity for Hong Kong’s residents. Understanding social movements as a process and not a singular event, an analytic mode that problematizes linear temporal constructions, can help us move beyond the deterministic and celebratory views often associated with technology’s role in social movement activism.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Conference of the Hong Kong Political Science Association
    Annual conference of the Hong Kong Political Science Association (HKPSA) Hong Kong and Globalization, 21 October 2017 Hang Seng Management College Siu Lik Yuen, Shatin Morning Plenary Sessions: Fung Yiu King Hall Block A401 9:30 Welcome Remarks by Professor Simon HO, President, Hang Seng Management College 9:35 Souvenir presentation to Mr. Alan CHAN, CEO, Kentucky Fried Chicken-Hong Kong/Macao, conference lunch sponsor and to Consul Generals, and group photo 9:40-11:00 Consular Roundtable on Hong Kong Globalization (Fung Yiu King Hall, A401) Topic: Hong Kong and Globalization Chair: Sonny LO (HKPSA President) Ken GORDON, Australian Deputy Consul-General Eric BERTI, French Consul General Mehdi FAKHERI, Iranian Consul-General Esther BLYTHE, UK Deputy Consul-General Dante PARADISO, Chief of the Political & Economic Section for the US Consulate General (Hong Kong and Macau) 11:10-12:30 Premier Forum: China’s Hong Kong SAR at 20 (Fung Yiu King Hall, A401) Chair: Ming CHAN (Distinguished Practitioner, Center for East Asian Studies, Stanford University) WANG Zhenmin – Director-General, Law Department, PRC Central Government Liaison Office-HK, PRC NPC Hong 1 Kong Basic Law Committee member, ex-Dean of Law School at Tsinghua University George CAUTHERLEY – Hong Kong Democratic Foundation Chair/Vice Chair Martin LEE – Senior Counsel, Hong Kong Democratic Party Founding Chair; Legislative Councillor (1985-2008), Hong Kong Basic Law Drafting Committee member (1985-1989), Hong Kong Bar Association Chair (1980-1983) Willy LAM – Adjunct Professor, History Department & Centre for China Studies, Chinese University of Hong Kong 12:30-1:30 Lunch and Luncheon lectures 1. Charles T.
    [Show full text]