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Learning in Action: an Investigation Into Karen Resettlement
LEARNING IN ACTION: AN INVESTIGATION INTO KAREN RESETTLEMENT VIA PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION AND PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH by DANIEL JOSEPH GILHOOLY (Under the Direction of Ruth Harman) ABSTRACT This qualitative research study is informed by my three and a half years participant observation within one Karen community living in rural eastern Georgia and the result of a participatory action research (PAR) project performed alongside three adolescent Karen brothers from 2010 to 2012. Such a fusion of methodologies is what Nelson and Wright (1995) describe as ‘creative synthesis’ where research is done both with and on participants. The first findings chapter (Chapter Six) analyzes how three adolescent Sgaw Karen brothers use online digital literacies to cope with resettlement. This component of the study explores the digital literacy practices of three adolescent Karen brothers as they attempt to navigate multiple institutions like school. Findings from this study suggest that newly arrived immigrant youth benefit in many social, psychological, and academic ways as a result of their online presence. The study looks specifically at how they use online spaces to (a) maintain and build co-ethnic friendships, (b) connect to the wider Karen Diaspora community, (c) sustain and promote ethnic solidarity and, (d) create and disseminate digital productions. This component of the study offers insights that can help teachers better understand their students’ out-of-school literacy practices and ways they can incorporate such digital literacies in more formal educational contexts. This study also provides findings about Karen resettlement via the collaborative enactment of a participatory action research (PAR) project between these three Karen brothers and myself. -
Livelihoods, Integration & Transnationalism in a Protracted
| I LIVELIHOODS, INTEGRATION & TRANSNATIONALISM IN A PROTRACTED REFUGEE SITUATION CASE STUDY: BURMESE REFUGEES IN THAILAND Dissertation presented in fulfilment of the requirements for a Ph.D. degree in Political and Social Sciences, option Political Sciences. INGE BREES Ghent University August 2009 Thesis director: Prof. Dr. Koen Vlassenroot | II | III LIVELIHOODS, INTEGRATION & TRANSNATIONALISM IN A PROTRACTED REFUGEE SITUATION CASE STUDY: BURMESE REFUGEES IN THAILAND Dissertation presented in fulfilment of the requirements for a Ph.D. degree in Political and Social Sciences, option Political Sciences. INGE BREES Ghent University August 2009 Thesis director: Prof. Dr. Koen Vlassenroot | I CONTENT LIST OF TABLES, MAPS AND FIGURES .......................................................................... IV ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................. V ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................. IX INTRODUCTION: HOW THIS RESEARCH FITS INTO THE DEBATES IN REFUGEE STUDIES AND POLICY ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Two settlement options: Refugee camps or self-settlement ............................... 3 1.2 The livelihoods approach ................................................................................... 7 1.3 Transnationalism and its impact ....................................................................... -
Lisu and Lahu 1 Abstract Introduction 75
Bulletin suisse de linguislique appliyuee, 691I, 1999,75-93 Publié dans Bulletin VALS-ASLA (Association suisse de linguistique appliquée) 69/1, 75-93, 1999 qui doit être utilisée pour toute référence à ce travail Standardisation of Transnational Minority Languages in Asia: Lisu and Lahu 1 David BRADLEY & Maya BRADLEY Abstract Lisu and Lahu are each spoken by large groups spread over southwestern China, northern Laos and Thailand, and northeastern Burma, with some Lahu in northern Vietnam and some Lisu in northeastern India. The status and corpus planning and educational policy for these minorities differ in each nation where they are spoken, which has led to the selection of more than one "standard" variety and the development of various competing orthographies. Diversity was created by religious and political divisions: Protestant missionaries prepared the earliest and most widely used orthographies, but Catholic and post-1950 Chinese Communist orthographies are also in use for Lahu; while Lisu has two very different Protestant orthographies and a post-1950 Chinese orthography in use, along with others that are no longer used. There are also competing centrifugal tendencies among some subgroups speaking divergent dialects, who wish to create their own orthographies and achieve some recognition for their own speech variety. For example, the Lahu Shi (Yellow Lahu) have created their own writing system; this is used among some refugees from Laos living in California and may soon be introduced in Thailand and elsewhere. Nevertheless, each of the two groups feels an internal unity, which is linguistically reflected in efforts to reunify the orthographies and maintain international contacts among leaders and language scholars. -
Migration, Trafficking & Exploitation of Women In
NO STATUS: MIGRATION, TRAFFICKING & EXPLOITATION OF WOMEN IN THAILAND Health and HIV/AIDS Risks for Burmese and Hill Tribe Women and Girls A Report by Physicians for Human Rights © Physicians for Human Rights, Boston, MA June 2004 Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved Report Design: Visual Communications/www.vizcom.org Cover Photo: Paula Bronstein/Liaison CONTENTS Acknowledgments .......................................................................v Glossary ....................................................................................vii I. Executive Summary ...........................................................1 II. Introduction.......................................................................7 III. Thailand Background......................................................11 IV. Burma Background..........................................................19 V. Project Methodology .......................................................25 VI. Findings...........................................................................27 Hill Tribe Women and Girls in Thailand..........................28 Burmese Migrant Women and Girls in Thailand..............33 VII. Law and Policy – Thailand..............................................45 VIII. Applicable International Human Rights Law ..................51 IX. Law and Policy – United States .......................................55 X. Conclusion and Expanded Recommendations .................59 iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report was written by Karen Leiter, JD, -
Second Report Submitted by the Russian Federation Pursuant to The
ACFC/SR/II(2005)003 SECOND REPORT SUBMITTED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 25, PARAGRAPH 2 OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES (Received on 26 April 2005) MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION REPORT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROVISIONS OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES Report of the Russian Federation on the progress of the second cycle of monitoring in accordance with Article 25 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities MOSCOW, 2005 2 Table of contents PREAMBLE ..............................................................................................................................4 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................4 2. The legislation of the Russian Federation for the protection of national minorities rights5 3. Major lines of implementation of the law of the Russian Federation and the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities .............................................................15 3.1. National territorial subdivisions...................................................................................15 3.2 Public associations – national cultural autonomies and national public organizations17 3.3 National minorities in the system of federal government............................................18 3.4 Development of Ethnic Communities’ National -
Cis) Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders Annual Report 2009
/ eUROPE ANd The COMMONweAlTh oF INDEPENdeNT sTATes (cis) observatory for the protection of human rights defenders annual report 2009 …369 / regIoNAl ANALYSIs WESTerN eUROPE1 observatory for the protection of human rights defenders annual report 2009 Whereas in 2008 the European Union (EU) was particularly proactive towards human rights defenders in countries that do not belong to the European Community, defenders in EU countries also had to face obstacles of some importance to their activities in defence of human rights and fundamental freedoms. On February 6, 2008, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe adopted a declara- tion with a view to “improve the protection of human rights defenders 2 and promote their activities” . The Committee of Ministers called on Member States to “create an environment conducive to the work of human rights defenders” and on all Council of Europe institutions to “pay special attention to issues concerning human rights defenders”. The Committee also invited the Commissioner for Human Rights to provide strong and effective protection to defenders, in particular by continuing to meet with a broad range of defenders during his country 3 visits and by reporting publicly on the situation of human rights defenders, and also by intervening with the competent authorities on the problems human rights defenders may face, especially in situations where there is a need for urgent action. However, on the pretext of striking a balance between freedom and security, European Governments have at times in recent years devel- oped initiatives that limit individual rights – electronic surveillance, increase in the number of data bases recording personal data, etc. -
Thomas De Waal the Caucasus
THE CAUCASUS This page intentionally left blank THE CAUCASUS AN INTRODUCTION Thomas de Waal 1 2010 1 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offi ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2010 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data de Waal, Thomas. The Caucasus : an introduction / Thomas de Waal. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-19-539976-9; 978-0-19-539977-6 (pbk.) 1. Caucasus Region—Politics and government. 2. Caucasus Region—History. 3. Caucasus Region—Relations—Russia. 4. Russia—Relations—Caucasus Region. 5. Caucasus Region—Relations—Soviet Union. 6. Soviet Union—Relations—Caucasus Region. I. Title. DK509.D33 2010 947.5—dc22 2009052376 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To Zoe This page intentionally left blank Contents Introduction 1 1. -
Yunnan Provincial Highway Bureau
IPP740 REV World Bank-financed Yunnan Highway Assets management Project Public Disclosure Authorized Ethnic Minority Development Plan of the Yunnan Highway Assets Management Project Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Yunnan Provincial Highway Bureau July 2014 Public Disclosure Authorized EMDP of the Yunnan Highway Assets management Project Summary of the EMDP A. Introduction 1. According to the Feasibility Study Report and RF, the Project involves neither land acquisition nor house demolition, and involves temporary land occupation only. This report aims to strengthen the development of ethnic minorities in the project area, and includes mitigation and benefit enhancing measures, and funding sources. The project area involves a number of ethnic minorities, including Yi, Hani and Lisu. B. Socioeconomic profile of ethnic minorities 2. Poverty and income: The Project involves 16 cities/prefectures in Yunnan Province. In 2013, there were 6.61 million poor population in Yunnan Province, which accounting for 17.54% of total population. In 2013, the per capita net income of rural residents in Yunnan Province was 6,141 yuan. 3. Gender Heads of households are usually men, reflecting the superior status of men. Both men and women do farm work, where men usually do more physically demanding farm work, such as fertilization, cultivation, pesticide application, watering, harvesting and transport, while women usually do housework or less physically demanding farm work, such as washing clothes, cooking, taking care of old people and children, feeding livestock, and field management. In Lijiang and Dali, Bai and Naxi women also do physically demanding labor, which is related to ethnic customs. Means of production are usually purchased by men, while daily necessities usually by women. -
The South Caucasus
The South Caucasus A Regional Overview and Conflict Assessment August 2002 Cornell Caspian Consulting SWEDISH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION AGENCY Department for Central and Eastern Europe The South Caucasus A Regional Overview and Conflict Assessment Prepared for the Swedish Agency for International Development Cooperation (SIDA) Stockholm, August 30, 2002 The South Caucasus: A Regional and Conflict Assessment Principal Author: Svante E. Cornell Contributing Authors (Alphabetical): Fariz Ismailzade Tamara Makarenko Khatuna Salukvadze Georgi Tcheishvili This report was prepared by Cornell Caspian Consulting under a contract for the Swedish Inter- national Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). The views and opinions expressed in this report should in no way be taken to reflect the position of the Swedish government or those of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). http://www.cornellcaspian.com Cornell Caspian Consulting is a consulting company registered in Stockholm, Sweden, special- ized on the politics and economy of the Caucasus, Central and Southwest Asia. It has offices in Stockholm and Washington, D.C., and representations in Ankara, Turkey; Baku, Azerbaijan; Bos- ton, United States; Dushanbe, Tajikistan; Islamabad, Pakistan; London, United Kingdom; Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Tbilisi, Georgia; Tehran, Iran; and Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Rus- sian Federation. Head Office: Topeliusvägen 15 SE-16761 Bromma Sweden Tel. (Stockholm) +46-8-266873; +46-70-7440995 Tel. (Washington) +1-202-663-7712 Fax. -
Iranian Relations with Azerbaijan and Armenia
Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article IRANIAN RELATIONS WITH AZERBAIJAN AND ARMENIA: A COMPARATIVE APPROACH IN THE CASE OF PRAGMATIST POLITICS Mehmet Emin ERENDOR Mehmet Fatih ÖZTARSU AZERBAYCAN VE ERMENİSTAN İLE İRAN İLİŞKİLERİ: PRAGMATİST POLİTİKALAR ÇERÇEVESİNDE KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR YAKLAŞIM Abstract With the increase of the importance of the South Caucasus after the collapse of the Soviet Union, regional and global powers have tried to product new policies to have a relationship with the counties of the region. The regional countries such as Russia, Turkey and Iran have more advantageous than other states but the determination of the policies of these states are different from each other. For instance, Iran’s approach is based on the pragmatist politics and the country to try to balance its policies in the region in terms of Armenia and Azerbaijan. The main aim of this article is to determine the different aspects of Iranian foreign policy preferences towards Azerbaijan and Armenia in the context of pragmatism. Keywords: Iran, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Pragmatist Politics, Nagorno-Karabakh. Öz Sovyetler Birliği'nin yıkılmasından sonra Güney Kafkasya'nın öneminin artmasıyla birlikte, bölgesel ve küresel güçler bölgedeki ülkelerle ilişki kurmak için yeni politikalar üretmeye çalışmışlardır. Rusya, Türkiye ve İran gibi bölgesel ülkeler diğer devletlerden daha avantajlıdır, ancak bu devletlerin bu bölgeye Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, Adana Bilim ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi, İİBF, Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü, e-posta: [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000- 0002-8467-0743. PhD Candidate, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, e-posta: [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-5808. Makale Gönderim Tarihi : 23.11.2018 https://dx.doi.org/10.11616/basbed.vi.487167 Makale Kabul Tarihi : 08.03.2019 BAİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2019, Cilt: 19, Sayı: 1/Bahar: 157-176 yönelik politikalarının belirlenmesi birbirlerinden farklıdır. -
General Assembly Distr
UNITED NATIONS A General Assembly Distr. GENERAL A/HRC/1/NGO/44 28 June 2006 ENGLISH ONLY HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL First session Agenda item 4 IMPLEMENTATION OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION 60/251 OF 15 MARCH 2006 ENTITLED “HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL” Written statement* submitted by the International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic & Other Minorities, a non-governmental organization on the Roster The Secretary-General has received the following written statement which is circulated in accordance with Economic and Social Council resolution 1996/31. [16 June 2006] * This written statement is issued, unedited, in the language(s) received from the submitting non-governmental organization(s). GE.06-12736 A/HRC/1/NGO/44 page 2 Statement on Iraqi Turkmen, Iraq; Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China; Talysh, Iran; and the Khmer Krom, Vietnam Iraqi Turkmen The Iraqi Turkmen currently constitute one of the main ethnic groups in Iraq, in addition to the Arabs and the Kurds. Since the beginning of the last century Iraqi Turkmen have been exposed to forced emigration, cultural erosion and intensive assimilation policies; reaching its peak during the Ba’ath regime. 1 Consequently, Arabification was augmented in the region and Turkmen exposed to persecution, execution and deportation. In the census of 1977, 1987 and 1997, the government forced Iraqi Turkmen to register either as Ara bs or as Kurds, and during the 1990s the Turkmen experienced enforced changing of ethnicity. 2 Regrettably, the fall of the Ba’ath regime did not entirely ameliorate the Turkmen situation, as Turkmen have continued to be subjected to marginalisation during the establishment of the Governing Council and the Interim Iraqi government. -
Laos and Ethnic Minority Cultures: Promoting Heritage Edited by Yves Goudineau
Laos and Ethnic Minority Cultures: Promoting Heritage Edited by Yves Goudineau UNESCO PUBLISHING MEMORY OF PEOPLES 34_Laos_GB_INT 26/06/03 10:24 Page 1 Laos and Ethnic Minority Cultures 34_Laos_GB_INT 26/06/03 10:24 Page 3 Laos and Ethnic Minority Cultures: Promoting Heritage Edited by YVES GOUDINEAU Memory of Peoples | UNESCO Publishing 34_Laos_GB_INT 7/07/03 11:12 Page 4 The authors are responsible for the choice and the presentation of the facts contained in this book and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. UNESCO wishes to express its gratitude to the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs for its support to this publication through the UNESCO/Japan Funds-in-Trust for the Safeguarding and Promotion of Intangible Heritage. Published in 2003 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 7, place de Fontenoy F-75352 Paris 07 SP Plate section: Marion Dejean Cartography and drawings: Marina Taurus Composed by La Mise en page Printed by Imprimerie Leclerc, Abbeville, France ISBN 92-3-103891-5 © UNESCO 2003 Printed in France 34_Laos_GB_INT 26/06/03 10:24 Page 5 5 Foreword YVES GOUDINEAU It is quite clear to every observer that Laos owes part of its cultural wealth to the unique diversity which resides in the bosom of the different populations that have settled on its present territory down the ages, bringing with them a mix of languages, beliefs and aesthetic traditions.