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EKSTRAKSI ANTOSIANIN TANGKAI PARIJOTO (Medinella Speciosa L)MENGGUNAKAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI ASAM ASETAT DAN STABILITAS TERHADAP Ph

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EKSTRAKSI ANTOSIANIN TANGKAI PARIJOTO (Medinella Speciosa L)MENGGUNAKAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI ASAM ASETAT DAN STABILITAS TERHADAP Ph EKSTRAKSI ANTOSIANIN TANGKAI PARIJOTO (Medinella speciosa L)MENGGUNAKAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI ASAM ASETAT DAN STABILITAS TERHADAP pH SKRIPSI Diajukan sebagai persyaratan dalam mencapai Gelar Sarjana S-1 Program Studi Teknologi Hasil Pertanian Diajukan Oleh : Bernadette Febrilia Eka K.S D.111.15.0026 FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SEMARANG 2019 RINGKASAN Bernadette Febrilia Eka K.S, D.111.15.0026. 2019. “Ekstraksi Antosianin Tangkai Parijoto (Medinilla Speciosa L) Menggunakan Berbagai Konsentrasi Asam Asetat dan Stabilitas Terhadap pH”.(Pembimbing : Ir. Bambang Kunarto M.P dan Ir. Elly Yuniarti Sani M. Si). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekstraksi antosianin tangkai parijoto menggunakan berbagai konsentrasi asam asetat dan stabilitas terhadap pH. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bisa memberikan informasi ilmiah kepada masyarakat terutama mahasiswa dan peneliti selanjutnya tentang penambahan konsentrasi asam asetat pada ekstrak tangkai parijoto dan penstabilan terhadap pH. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor 6 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan, yaitu perlakuan (P1) perlakuan ekstraksi dengan konsentrasi asam asetat 0%, (P2) perlakuan ekstraksi dengan konsentrasi asam asetat 2%, (P3) perlakuan ekstraksi dengan konsentrasi asam asetat 4%, (P4) perlakuan ekstraksi dengan konsentrasi asam asetat 6%, (P5) perlakuan ekstraksi dengan konsentrasi asam asetat 8% dan (P6) perlakuan ekstraksi dengan konsentrasi asam asetat 10%. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam, dan apabila terdapat perbedaan akibat perlakuan dilanjutkan dengan uji wilayah ganda Duncan (DMRT) pada taraf 0,05%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi asam asetat berpengaruh terhadap rendemen, antosianin, nilai pH, intensitas warna merah (a), intensitas warna kuning (b) dan stabilitas pH namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kecerahan (L). Nilai rendemen terbaik dihasilkan pada P5 yaitu 54,97±0,25, nilai antosianin terbaik dihasilkan pada P5 yaitu 70,02±0,31, nilai pH terbaik dihasilkan pada P6 yaitu 2,00±0,00, nilai tingkat kecerahan (L) tertinggi dihasilkan pada P5 yaitu 54,60±0,28, nilai intensitas warna merah (a) terbaik dihasilkan pada P5 yaitu 11,35±0,05, nilai intensitas warna kuning (b) terbaik dihasilkan pada P1 yaitu 3,35±0,15 dan stabilitas dengan pH stabil pada pH 3 dengan menggunakan ekstrak dari perlakuan terbaik (P5) dengan nilai absorbansi 0,18±0,00 v ABSTRACT Bernadette Febrilia Eka K.S, D.111.15.0026. 2019. Entitled “Parijoto Stem Anthocyanin Extract (Medinilla Speciosa L) Using Various Acetic Acid Concentrations and Stability to pH”. (Advisor : Ir. Bambang Kunarto M.P and Ir, Elly Yuniarti Sani M. Si). This study aims to knowing anthocyanin extract from Parijoto stalk using various concentrations of acetic acid and stability to pH. The results of this study are expected to be able to provide scientific information to the public, especially students and subsequent researchers about the addition of acetic acid concentrations to parijoto stalk extracts and stabilization of pH. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of one factor 6 treatments and 3 replications, namely treatment (P1) extraction treatment with 0% acetic acid concentration, (P2) extraction treatment with 2% acetic acid concentration, (P3) extraction treatment with 4% acetic acid concentration, (P4) extraction treatment with 6% acetic acid concentration, (P5) extraction treatment with 8% acetic acid concentration and (P6) extraction treatment with 10% acetic acid concentration.The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance, and if there were differences due to the treatment followed by the Duncan multiple region test (DMRT) at the level of 0.05%. The results showed that the concentration of acetic acid had an effect on yield, anthocyanin, pH value, intensity of red color (a), intensity of yellow color (b) and pH stability but did not affect the level of brightness (L). The best yield value is produced at P5 that is 54.97 ± 0.25, the best anthocyanin value produced at P5 is 70.02 ± 0.31, the best pH value is generated at P6 which is 2.00 ± 0.00, the value of the brightness level (L ) the highest value is P5, 54.60 ± 0.28, the value of red color intensity (a) is best in P5 is 11.35 ± 0.05, the best value of yellow color (b) is produced in P1 is 3.35 ± .15 and stability with a stable pH at pH 3 using extracts from the best treatment (P5) with absorbance values of 0.18 ± 0.00. vi KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha esa, yang telah memberikan kesehatan jasmani dan rohani serta petunjuk dan kekuatan kepada penulis sehingga dapat menyelesaikan penulisan skripsi ini dengan judul “Ekstraksi Antosianin Tangkai Parijoto (Medinilla Speciosa L) Menggunakan Berbagai Konsentrasi Asam Asetat dan Stabilitas Terhadap pH”. Skripsi ini disusun dan diselesaikan oleh penulis sebagai salah satu syarat untuk kelulusan dalam Program Studi S-1 Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Semarang. Penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi ini dapat selesai berkat adanya bimbingan, usaha serta dorongan semangat dari berbagai pihak. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada : 1. Dr. Ir. Haslina, M. Si, selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Semarang. 2. Ir, Bambang Kunarto, M.P, selaku Dosen Pembimbing Utama yang telah mengikhlaskan sebagian waktu untuk sharing peengetahuan dan bimbingan sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan penulisan skripsi tepat waktu. 3. Ir. Elly Yuniarti Sani, M. Si, selaku Dosen Pembimbing Anggota yang telah memberikan masukan dan motivasi untuk tahap-tahap pengerjaan skripsi. 4. Ir. Sri Haryati, M.Si selaku Dosen Wali yang selama ini telah memberikan perhatian dan dukungan selama penulis menempuh studi. 5. Dr. Ir. Haslina, M. Si, selaku Dosen Penguji yang telah berkenan memberikan bimbingan, masukan, dan pengarahan dalam penulisan laporan ini. vii DAFTAR ISI Halaman JUDUL ..................................................................................................................... i LEMBAR PENGESAHAN I .................................................................................. ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN II ................................................................................ iii SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN SKRIPSI .................................................. iv RINGKASAN .......................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... vi KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... vii DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... ix DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................. xi DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ xii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................ xiii BAB I. PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1 A. Latar Belakang ......................................................................................... 1 B. Rumusan Masalah.................................................................................... 2 C. Tujuan Penelitian ..................................................................................... 3 D. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................... 3 E. Hipotesis .................................................................................................. 3 BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................. 4 A. Morfologi dan Klasifikasi Tangkai Parijoto ............................................ 4 B. Pigmen Antosianin .................................................................................. 6 C. Warna dan Stabilitas Antosianin ............................................................. 7 D. Maserasi ................................................................................................... 8 ix E. Pelarut ...................................................................................................... 9 F. Intensitas Warna .................................................................................... 12 G. Stabilitas pH .......................................................................................... 14 BAB III. METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ............................................................. 15 A. Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian ............................................................... 15 B. Alat dan Bahan ...................................................................................... 15 C. Rancangan Percobaan ............................................................................ 15 D. Prosedur Penelitian ................................................................................ 16 E. Analisa Penelitian .................................................................................. 18 BAB IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................................................. 21 A. Rendemen .............................................................................................. 21 B. Antosianin .............................................................................................
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