DOCSLIB.ORG

The Invertebrate Cave Fauna of the Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Invertebrate Cave Fauna of the Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece) Beron P. (ed.). Biodiversity of Bulgaria 4. Biodiversity of Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece) II. Pensoft & Nat. Mus. Natur. Hist., Sofia The invertebrate cave fauna of the Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece) Petar BERON, Boyan PETROV, Pavel STOEV Beron P., B. Petrov & P. Stoev. 2011. The invertebrate cave fauna of the Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece). – In: Beron P. (ed.) Biodiversity of Bulgaria. 4. Biodiversity of West- ern Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece) II. Pensoft & Nat. Mus. Natur. Hist. Sofia, 583-662. Abstract. The biospeleological studies in the Rhodopes started in 1924 and until 1959 concerned only the western part of the mountain. Altogether over 600 caves and potholes are hitherto known from the Bulgarian part of the Western Rhodopes. We report 276 species of invertebrates collected from 120 caves (Bulgaria – 109, Greece – 5, unknown location – 6). In addition, 44 species of parasites on cave-dwelling bats were recorded from different caves in the studied region. Among all cave-dwellers, 30 species (ca. 11%) from the genera Bulgaronethes, Cordioniscus, Trichoniscus, Rhodopioniscus (Isopoda), Lithobius (Chi- lopoda), Rhodoposoma, Troglodicus, Stygiosoma and Anamastigona (Diplopoda), Troglohyphantes, Palliduphantes, Porrhomma and Centromerus (Araneae), Plusiocampa (Diplura), Plutomurus (Col- lembola), Duvalius, Bathyscia, Bureschiana, Rhodopiola, Gueorguievella and Paralovricia (Coleop- tera) are troglobites. There are only nine stygobites (3% of all cave species) belonging to the genera Eucyclops, Speocyclops, Maraenobiotus (Copepoda), Niphargus (Amphipoda) and Bythinella (Gastropoda). The genera Bulgaronethes, Rhodopioniscus, Rhodoposoma, Stygiosoma, Gueorguievella, Rhodopiola and Paralovricia are endemic to the Western Rhodopes. There are also interesting endemic troglophiles such as the species of the genus Balkanopetalum, Anamastigona and others. The longest cave in the area, Imamova dupka, has the richest invertebrate fauna – 43 species. Six caves are inhabited by more than 20 species. The conservation of caves is discussed in terms of the current nature protection legislation. The speleological and biospeleological studies in the caves of the Greek part of the Western Rhodopes are rather limited. Fourteen trogloxenes and troglophiles and no troglobites have been so far found from five caves. Key words: troglobites, endemics, invertebrates, conservation Introduction The biospeleological studies in the Rhodopes started in June 1924, when Dr. I. Buresch sent a team of zoologists from the Royal Museum of Natural History (Sofia), including D. Ilchev, P. Drenski and N. Radev, to visit the caves Haramiyskata dupka near Trigrad, Lednitsata near Gela, a cave near Progled, Suhata peshtera near Orehovo and Dupkite near Chepelare. All studies on the fauna of Rhodopean caves until 1959 con- Обработено от Хинко www.hinko.org 584 P. BERON, B. PETROV, P. STOEV cern only the Western Rhodopes (in the scope of the present volume). The materials col- lected before 1960 were published by ČERNOSVITOV (1937), DRENSKI (1931), SILVESTRI (1931), FAGE (1926), ST. & G. KARAMAN (1959), SCHULZE (1927), STROUHAL (1939), KRATOCHVIL (1958), JEANNEL (1928), CZERNY (1930), HANDSCHIN (1928) and others. They include only three troglobites (Litho- bius lakatnicensis, Plusiocampa bulgarica and Duvalius bureschi) and two stygobites (Niphargus cepelarensis and N. bureschi). RADEV (1928) and ATANASSOV (1933a, 1933b, 1939) described several caves in the region (e.g., Novata peshtera near Peshtera Town). The new stage in the biospeleological study of the Rhodopes started with the first visits in the caves of the Eastern (1960) and the Western (1959) Rhodopes by P. Beron. The interesting new genus and species of troglobite Diplopoda (Stygiosoma beroni) was collected in 1960 from Manailovata dupka (Bl. 1), a cave which was later explored and described in detail by STEFANOV (1982). P. Beron collected in 1960 also a new genus and species of Leptodirinae (Rhodopiola cavicola) and in 1962 the new genus and species of Isopoda Bulgaronethes haplophthalmoides. A considerable material has been collected during the Second International Speleo- logical Expedition organized by the Republican Caving Commission in 1962. Ch. Delt- shev, P. Beron, S. Andreev, G. Bachvarov have visited the caves Ivanova voda, Тоpchika, Hralupa, Yamata, Ledenitsata, Kaunitsa, Cheleveshnitsa and others, and collected many new species of cave animals (including the troglobites Rhodopioniscus beroni and Trog- lodicus tridentifer) that were subsequently studied by STRASSER (1966, 1973, 1975), GULIČKA (1967), GUÉORGUIEV (1960), VANDEL (1965, 1967) and others. In 1966 the Romanian zoologists Prof. Trayan Orghidan and Anka Decu assisted by cavers from Chepelare led by D. Raychev explored the longest Rhodopean cave Imamova dupka (Yagodinskata peshtera) and some other caves near the village of Yagodina. The results of this expedition appeared in several publications (BURGHELE-BALACESCO, 1966; TABACARU, 1967; ANDREEV & TABACARU, 1972). One of the most inter- esting newly described taxa was the millipede Bulgarosoma [now Troglodicus] meridionale described by I. Tabacaru. The visit of British cavers in caves near Dobrostan in 1969 is also worth noticing (TURK, 1970; HAZELTON, 1970). For some of the mites published by Turk the data still remain the only available in Bulgaria. Polish (W. Skuratowicz, K. Bartkowska, A. Novosad) and Bulgarian (G. Bach- varov) parasitologists collected in 1974-78 parasitic flies (Nycteribiidae) and fleas (Ischn- opsyllidae) on bats from Rhodopean caves and published two important papers on them (NOVOSAD, BATCHVAROV & PETROV, 1987; SKURATOWICZ, BART- KOWSKA & BATCHVAROV, 1982). In general, there has not been much activity in the region from 1966 to 1989, with the exception of some occasional visits (P. Beron, V. Beshkov, Ch. Deltshev). New information on the Rhodopean cave fauna was published for Araneae (DELTSHEV, 1970, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1982; DUMITRESCU, 1971), Isopoda (ANDREEV, 1972a), Opiliones (STAREGA, 1976), Diplopoda (GULIČKA, 1967a, 1967b; STRASSER, 1966, 1969, 1973), Chilopoda (MATIC, 1973; MATIC & DARABANTZU, 1974), Acari (BERON, 1968, 1970, 1972, 1974), Diplura (BARETH, 1974), Amphipoda Обработено от Хинко www.hinko.org The invertebrate cave fauna of the Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece) 585 (ANDREEV, 1972b), Trichoptera (KUMANSKI, 1972, 1983), Copepoda, incl. Harpacticoida (BASSAMAKOV, 1988; MICHAILOVA-NEIKOVA, 1969; BASSAMAKOV & APOSTOLOV, 1989), Siphonaptera (HůRKA, 1965, 1976), Diptera (BESHOVSKY, 1972; HůRKA, 1984). The active role of the school teacher Dimitar Raychev, founder of the Museum of Speleology and the Rhodopean karst in Chepelare, for the exploration of the Rhodopean caves and the development of the biospeleological studies in that area worth special men- tion. Under his guidance hundreds of new caves have been explored and from some of them cave animals were collected (mostly by Maria Barzakova). Some prominent foreign biospeleologists also took advantage from the existence of the Chepelare Museum. The French specialist Ch. Juberthie undertook (together with D. Raychev) the first attempts to find animals from the Mesocavernous Shallow Stratum (MSS) in Bulgaria. Meanwhile, several general papers dealing with the caves of Western Rhodopes have been published (PANDEV, 1993, 1994 and the comprehensive list of RAYCHEV, 2002). The data on the cave fauna of Western Rhodopes (and of Bulgaria as a whole) until 1994 have been put together in the catalogues of GUÉORGUIEV & BERON (1962), BERON & GUÉORGUIEV (1967) and BERON (1972, 1994). With the active participation of a new generation biospeleologists (Boyan Petrov, Pavel Stoev, Teodora Ivanova, Ivan Pandurski, Dilyan Georgiev and others) many more caves in Western Rhodopes have been visited and the collections of animals from them increased rapidly after 1990. The speleological and biospeleological studies in the caves of the Greek part of the Western Rhodopes are rather limited. At present, only nine cave species (trogloxenes and troglophiles) are known from the region (LINDBERG, 1955; ROEWER, 1959; STOEV, 2004; STOEV & ENGHOFF, 2003). Geography, geological history, karst and caves in the Western Rhodopes (after STEFANOV, 2006, with amendments) The Rhodopes Mts. massive is divided artificially by a political boundary between Bulgaria and Greece, but should be considered as an integral natural region. The West- ern Rhodopes are situated between the parallels of 42°13’ and 41°06’ of northern lati- tude, and the 23°35’ and 25°15’ meridians of eastern longitude. Their western bound- ary is the river of Mesta (Nestos in Greece). To the southeast the mountain is flanked by the White Sea (Aegean) plain and is only 13 km away from the sea coast. The belonging of some detached mountains like Ori Lekanis and Momchil, or Kara Oglan, to the Western Rhodopes is open to dispute. Generally, the area of the Western Rhodopes is considered to be 11 220 km2, out of which 8732 km2 (77.8%) belong to Bulgaria. Western Rhodopes form a large part of the Rila-Rhodopean massive, third in av- erage altitude in Bulgaria (1098 m). Its complex system of mountain ridges and river valleys is distributed as follows: 51.9% for the mid-mountain zone (1000–1600 m) and 81.6% for the zone above 600 m. Several summits reach 2000 m: Golyam Perelik (2190 m), Golyama Syutkya (2186 m), Persenk (2091 m), Batashki Snezhnik (2082 m), and others. The complicated geological structure of the mountain includes crystalline
Load more

Recommended publications
  • First Report of Whip Spider Phrynicus Phipsoni Pocock from the Human Habitations and Protected Areas of Goa State, India; with Notes on Its Habits and Habitat
    SURVEY . OFZOOWOGICAl INDIA . 1916 «.-/~,1(. .... '~ '.» Rec. zool. Surv. India: l06(Part 4) : 33-38, 2006 FIRST REPORT OF WHIP SPIDER PHRYNICUS PHIPSONI POCOCK FROM THE HUMAN HABITATIONS AND PROTECTED AREAS OF GOA STATE, INDIA; WITH NOTES ON ITS HABITS AND HABITAT MANOI R. BORKAR, NEELAM KOMARPANT* AND D.B. BASTAWADE** Biodiversity Research Cell, Carmel College for Women, Nuvem, Goa-403 604 INTRODUCTION Arachnids have not received the attention that they deserve from taxonomists, despite the fact that the Indian subcontinent supports a rich Arachno-faunal diversity. In absence of recent exploratory surveys, the monumental work of the early workers continues to retain its importance as exemplified by Pocock's classic work, dating back to last sanctuary. Comprising the largest of the Chelicerate classes, arachnids are generally not so easily understood and appreciated. Further, forms such as the whip spiders continue to be seen with awe, due to their strange look, habits and secretive habitats. Pocock's bifurcation of the whip spiders and whip scorpions into orders Amblypygi and Uropygi respectively was unified under a single order Pedipalpida by Werner (1935). As for this order, there is a paucity of updated information at least for the Indian region. Presented here is the range extension, only a fifth record since Fauna of British India (Pocock, 1900) and the first definitive record of the whip spider, Phryniclts phipsoni from the state of Goa. Interestingly, it is also the first case on record, of their presence from human habitations in India. METHODOLOGY The data presented here is a part of the long-term fieldwork on Arachno-faunal diversity of Goa, largely focused on 2 of its talukas, viz.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Spider Genus (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae) from a Tropical Montane Cloud Forest of Mexico
    European Journal of Taxonomy 731: 97–116 ISSN 2118-9773 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.731.1207 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2021 · Ibarra-Núñez G. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). Research article urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0EFF0D93-EF7D-4943-BEBF-995E25D34544 A new spider genus (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae) from a tropical montane cloud forest of Mexico Guillermo IBARRA-NÚÑEZ 1,*, David CHAMÉ-VÁZQUEZ 2 & Julieta MAYA-MORALES 3 1,2,3 El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Tapachula. Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto km 2.5, Apdo. Postal 36, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico. * Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Email: [email protected] 3 Email: [email protected] 1 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:61F4CDEF-04B8-4F8E-83DF-BFB576205F7A 2 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:CDA7A4DA-D0CF-4445-908A-3096B1C8D55D 3 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:BE1F67AB-94A6-45F7-A311-8C99E16139BA Abstract. A new genus and species of spider (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae) from a tropical montane cloud forest of Mexico is described from both male and female specimens, Xim trenzado gen. et sp. nov. A phylogenetic parsimony analysis situates Xim gen. nov. as a distinct genus among the distal Erigoninae. Xim gen. nov. is sister to a clade including Ceratinopsis, Tutaibo and Sphecozone, but differs from those genera by having a high cymbium, large paracymbium, short straight embolus, male cheliceral stridulatory striae widely and evenly spaced, both sexes with a post-ocular lobe, male with two series of prolateral macrosetae on femur I, and the female by having strongly oblong, u-shaped spermathecae.
    [Show full text]
  • Butterflies of North America
    Insects of Western North America 7. Survey of Selected Arthropod Taxa of Fort Sill, Comanche County, Oklahoma. 4. Hexapoda: Selected Coleoptera and Diptera with cumulative list of Arthropoda and additional taxa Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177 2 Insects of Western North America. 7. Survey of Selected Arthropod Taxa of Fort Sill, Comanche County, Oklahoma. 4. Hexapoda: Selected Coleoptera and Diptera with cumulative list of Arthropoda and additional taxa by Boris C. Kondratieff, Luke Myers, and Whitney S. Cranshaw C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 August 22, 2011 Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity. Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177 3 Cover Photo Credits: Whitney S. Cranshaw. Females of the blow fly Cochliomyia macellaria (Fab.) laying eggs on an animal carcass on Fort Sill, Oklahoma. ISBN 1084-8819 This publication and others in the series may be ordered from the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523-1177. Copyrighted 2011 4 Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................7 SUMMARY AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from India-2012
    © Indian Society of Arachnology ISSN 2278 - 1587(Online) CHECKLIST OF SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE) FROM INDIA-2012 Keswani, S.; P. Hadole and A. Rajoria* SGB Amravati University, Amravati-444602 [email protected]; [email protected] *Indraprastha University, Delhi; [email protected] ABSTRACT Spiders comprise one of the largest (5-6th) orders of animals. The spider fauna of India has never been studied in its entirety despite of contributions by many arachnologists since Stoliczka (1869). In the present paper, we provide an updated checklist of spiders from India based on published records and on the collections of the Arachnology Museum, SGB Amravati University. A total of 1686 species of spiders are now recorded from India. They belong to two infraorders, Mygalomorphae and Araneomorphae, 60 families and 438 genera. The list also includes 70 species from Karakorum. The spider diversity in India is dominated by Saltisids followed by Thomisids and then Araneids, Gnaphosids and Lycosids. Key words: India, Araneae, spider fauna, checklist. INTRODUCTION The pioneering contribution on the taxonomy of Indian spiders is that of European arachnologist Stoliczka (1869). Review of available literature reveals that the earliest contribution by Blackwall (1867); Karsch (1873); Simon (1887); Thorell (1895) and Pocock (1900) were the pioneer workers of Indian spiders. They described many species from India. Tikader (1980, 1982), Tikader, and Malhotra (1980) described spiders from India. Tikader (1980) compiled a book on Thomisid spiders of India, comprising two subfamilies, 25 genera and 115 species. Of these, 23 species were new to science. Descriptions, illustrations and distributions of all species were given. Keys to the subfamilies, genera, and species were provided.
    [Show full text]
  • Geographic Patterns of Ground-Dwelling Arthropods Across an Ecoregional Transition in the North American Southwest
    Western North American Naturalist Volume 68 Number 1 Article 11 3-28-2008 Geographic patterns of ground-dwelling arthropods across an ecoregional transition in the North American Southwest David C. Lightfoot University of New Mexico, Albuquerque Sandra L. Brantley University of New Mexico, Albuquerque Craig D. Allen U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Discipline, Jemez Mountains Field Station, Los Alamos, New Mexico Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan Recommended Citation Lightfoot, David C.; Brantley, Sandra L.; and Allen, Craig D. (2008) "Geographic patterns of ground-dwelling arthropods across an ecoregional transition in the North American Southwest," Western North American Naturalist: Vol. 68 : No. 1 , Article 11. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol68/iss1/11 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Western North American Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Western North American Naturalist 68(1), © 2008, pp. 83–102 GEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS OF GROUND-DWELLING ARTHROPODS ACROSS AN ECOREGIONAL TRANSITION IN THE NORTH AMERICAN SOUTHWEST David C. Lightfoot1,3, Sandra L. Brantley1, and Craig D. Allen2 ABSTRACT.—We examined the biogeographic patterns of ground-dwelling arthropod communities across a heteroge- neous semiarid region of the
    [Show full text]
  • Irish Biodiversity: a Taxonomic Inventory of Fauna
    Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna Irish Wildlife Manual No. 38 Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna S. E. Ferriss, K. G. Smith, and T. P. Inskipp (editors) Citations: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Section author (2009) Section title . In: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Cover photos: © Kevin G. Smith and Sarah E. Ferriss Irish Wildlife Manuals Series Editors: N. Kingston and F. Marnell © National Parks and Wildlife Service 2009 ISSN 1393 - 6670 Inventory of Irish fauna ____________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................................1 Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................................2 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................3 Methodology........................................................................................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • JRN00501.Pdf
    Western North American Naturalist 68(1), © 2008, pp. 83–102 GEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS OF GROUND-DWELLING ARTHROPODS ACROSS AN ECOREGIONAL TRANSITION IN THE NORTH AMERICAN SOUTHWEST David C. Lightfoot1,3, Sandra L. Brantley1, and Craig D. Allen2 ABSTRACT.—We examined the biogeographic patterns of ground-dwelling arthropod communities across a heteroge- neous semiarid region of the Southern Rio Grande Rift Valley of New Mexico. Our 3 sites included portions of 5 ecore- gions, with the middle site a transition area where all ecoregions converged. We addressed the following 3 questions: (1) Do the species assemblage patterns for ground arthropods across habitats and sites conform to recognized ecoregions? (2) Are arthropod assemblages in distinct vegetation-defined habitats within an ecoregion more similar to each other or to assemblages in similar vegetation-defined habitats in other ecoregions? (3) Is there a detectable edge effect with increased arthropod diversity in the area of converging ecoregions? We encountered 442 target arthropod species from pitfall traps operating continuously for 7 years over a series of different habitats at each of the 3 sites. We examined geo- graphic distributions of spider and cricket/grasshopper species in detail, and they showed affinities for different ecoregions, respectively. Each habitat within a study site supported a unique overall arthropod assemblage; nevertheless, different habitats at the same site were more similar to each other than they were to similar habitats at other sites. Overall arthro- pod species richness was greatest in the area where all 5 ecoregions converged. Arthropod species and their geographic distributions are poorly known relative to vascular plants and vertebrate animals.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae): Updated Checklist 2005
    REVIEW ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 20(10): 1999-2049 INDIAN SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE): UPDATED CHECKLIST 2005 Manju Siliwal 1, Sanjay Molur 2,3 and B.K. Biswas 4 1,2 Wildlife Information & Liaison Development (WILD) Society, 3 Zoo Outreach Organisation (ZOO) 29-1, Bharathi Colony, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641004, India 4 Zoological Survey of India, 'M' Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, India Email: 1 [email protected]; 3 [email protected] ABSTRACT There have been attempts earlier to list the families and the This is the first attempt to update the list of spiders described number of genera under each, such as the one by Patil and formally in India. The list is compiled following Platnick's The Raghavendra (2001) on spiders of Western Ghats. The lists are World Spider Catalog. Extensive search of scientific peer- reviewed publications in the region revealed 40 new species, mostly based on Tikader's checklist. This present checklist is which are not included in Platnick's list. The checklist is an attempt to clarify and standardize spider fauna list in India. compared extensively with Tikader's list. In all, 1442 species of spiders in 59 families have been listed as described formally History of arachnological studies in India from India. Taxonomic verification is recommended for 51 Arachnological studies in India started in the late 19th Century species. Seventy-nine species listed by Tikader do not occur in India. Fifty-three species listed by Dyal and included in with pioneer taxonomists such as Blackwall (1864, 1867), Platnick's list do not occur in India. The paper lists Stoliczka (1869), Thorell (1877), Cambridge (1892, 1897), Simon replacement names, incertae sedis, nomina nuda, nomina (1897a,b), Pocock (1895, 1899a,b, 1900a,b, 1901), and Sherriffs dubia, transfers, synonyms, wrong taxonomic placements, (1919, 1927, 1928, 1929).
    [Show full text]
  • Borror's Species Checklist for the Isles of Shoals Archipelago
    Borror’s Species Checklist for the Isles of Shoals Archipelago May 2009 Edition Meg N. Eastwood, Kipp Quinby, Robin Hadlock Seeley, Christine Bogdanowicz, Hal Weeks, and William E. Bemis Borror’s Species Checklist for Shoals Marine Laboratory May 2009 Edition Meg Eastwood, Kipp Quinby, Christine Bogdanowicz, Robin Hadlock Seeley, Hal Weeks, and William E. Bemis Shoals Marine Laboratory Morse Hall, Suite 113 8 College Road Durham, NH, 03824 Send suggestions for improvements to: [email protected] File Name: SML_Checklist_05_2009.docx Last Saved Date: 5/15/09 12:38 PM TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS i INTRODUCTION TO 2009 REVISION 1 PREFACE TO THE 1995 EDITION BY ARTHUR C. BORROR 3 CYANOBACTERIA 5 Phylum Cyanophyta 5 Class Cyanophyceae 5 Order Chroococcales 5 Order Nostocales 5 Order Oscillatoriales 5 DINOFLAGELLATES 5 Phylum Pyrrophyta 5 Class Dinophyceae 5 Order Dinophysiales 5 Order Gymnodiniales 5 Order Peridiniales 5 DIATOMS 5 Phylum Bacillariophyta 5 Class Bacillariophyceae 5 Order Bacillariales 5 Class Coscinodiscophyceae 5 Order Achnanthales 5 Order Biddulphiales 5 Order Chaetocerotales 5 Order Coscinodiscales 6 Order Lithodesmidales 6 Order Naviculales 6 Order Rhizosoleniales 6 Order Thalassiosirales 6 Class Fragilariophyceae 6 Order Fragilariales 6 Order Rhabdonematales 6 ALGAE 6 Phylum Heterokontophyta 6 Class Phaeophyceae 6 Order Chordariales 6 Order Desmarestiales 6 Order Dictyosiphonales 6 Order Ectocarpales 7 Order Fucales 7 Order Laminariales 7 Order Scytosiphonales 8 Order Sphacelariales 8 Phylum Rhodophyta 8 Class Rhodophyceae
    [Show full text]
  • Handbook Indian Spiders
    Spiders,. though ubQuitous, have re .. mained a. neglected group and aoout eighty five years agio a consolidated vo'ume on entire Arachnida was published by Pocock (1900) in the Fauna of British India. During the last 3,0 years, mainly through the work of the author. enormous amount of infor­ mation on Indian spiders has been gathered. The first (1980) and second volume (1982). and the third volume on scorpions ( 1983) were published by the author. The present Handbook on spiders deals wi,th and gives complete information about Arach­ nida and especially the spiders o,f India. Apart from systematic studi:es on spiders belonging to 43 families, the author has given a detailed general account of external and internal anatomy, characters of taxonomic importance, habitat, food and feeding habits and other phenomenon of their life. Keys of the families and list of higher categories, and other infor­ mations related to each family of spiders are given along with the orb­ weaving mechani,sm of spiders in the famity Araneidae ( == Argiopidae). It is earnesUy hoped that the present Handbook will provide a handy tool to speciali.sts, research students and naturalists in India and elsewhere · interested in the study of Indian Arach­ nida, especially the spiders. Front Cover : Typical Orb-weaving spider Argiope aemula (Walckenaer) on the web. Back Co,ver : Animals al.pana, Pea­ cock in the centre, then fishes and elephants at the outer circle. Cover theme and design by : Dr. B. K. Tikader. HANDBOOK INDIAN SPIDERS A Manual for the study of the Spiders and their relatives-The Scorpions, Pseudoscorpions, W'hip scorpions, Harvestmen and all members of the Class Arachnida found in India with analytical keys for their classmca tion and biology.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversidad Biológica De Cuba: Métodos De Inventario, Monitoreo Y Colecciones Biológicas
    DIVERSIDAD BIOLÓGICA DE CUBA MÉTODOS DE INVENTARIO, MONITOREO Y COLECCIONES BIOLÓGICAS EDITORES CARLOS A. MANCINA Y DARYL D. CRUZ FLORES DIVERSIDAD BIOLÓGICA DE CUBA MÉTODOS DE INVENTARIO, MONITOREO Y COLECCIONES BIOLÓGICAS EDITORES CARLOS A. MANCINA DARYL D. CRUZ FLORES FOTOGRAFÍA RAIMUNDO LÓPEZ-SILVERO INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTICA 2017 Este libro es un resultado del proyecto “Un enfoque paisajístico para conservar ecosistemas montañosos amenazados”, financiado por el Fondo Mundial para el Medio Ambiente (GEF) e implementado por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD). La dirección científica y técnica es liderada por investigadores del Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, CITMA. La información reflejada en este libro es solo responsabilidad de los editores y autores y no representa, necesariamente, los puntos de vistas del PNUD ni del sistema de Naciones Unidas. Los textos pueden ser utilizados total o parcialmente citando la fuente original. ®Derechos reservados Prohibida la reproducción total o parcial de esta obra sin la autorización escrita del Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática (CITMA, República de Cuba) y de sus editores. © 2017, Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática © 2017, Carlos A. Mancina © 2017, Daryl D. Cruz Flores © 2017, Raimundo López-Silvero © 2017, Los Autores EDITORES CITACIÓN RECOMENDADA PARA EL LIBRO Carlos A. Mancina Mancina, C. A., y D. D Cruz Flores (Eds.). 2017. Daryl D. Cruz Flores Diversidad biológica de Cuba: métodos de inventario, monitoreo y colecciones biológicas. Editorial AMA, La DISEÑO Y MAQUETACIÓN Habana, 480 pp. Carlos A. Mancina FOTOGRAFÍA CITACIÓN RECOMENDADA PARA UN CAPÍTULO Raimundo López-Silvero Autor(es). 2017. Título del capítulo. Pp. [página(s)].
    [Show full text]