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Diversidad Biológica De Cuba: Métodos De Inventario, Monitoreo Y Colecciones Biológicas

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Diversidad Biológica De Cuba: Métodos De Inventario, Monitoreo Y Colecciones Biológicas DIVERSIDAD BIOLÓGICA DE CUBA MÉTODOS DE INVENTARIO, MONITOREO Y COLECCIONES BIOLÓGICAS EDITORES CARLOS A. MANCINA Y DARYL D. CRUZ FLORES DIVERSIDAD BIOLÓGICA DE CUBA MÉTODOS DE INVENTARIO, MONITOREO Y COLECCIONES BIOLÓGICAS EDITORES CARLOS A. MANCINA DARYL D. CRUZ FLORES FOTOGRAFÍA RAIMUNDO LÓPEZ-SILVERO INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTICA 2017 Este libro es un resultado del proyecto “Un enfoque paisajístico para conservar ecosistemas montañosos amenazados”, financiado por el Fondo Mundial para el Medio Ambiente (GEF) e implementado por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD). La dirección científica y técnica es liderada por investigadores del Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, CITMA. La información reflejada en este libro es solo responsabilidad de los editores y autores y no representa, necesariamente, los puntos de vistas del PNUD ni del sistema de Naciones Unidas. Los textos pueden ser utilizados total o parcialmente citando la fuente original. ®Derechos reservados Prohibida la reproducción total o parcial de esta obra sin la autorización escrita del Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática (CITMA, República de Cuba) y de sus editores. © 2017, Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática © 2017, Carlos A. Mancina © 2017, Daryl D. Cruz Flores © 2017, Raimundo López-Silvero © 2017, Los Autores EDITORES CITACIÓN RECOMENDADA PARA EL LIBRO Carlos A. Mancina Mancina, C. A., y D. D Cruz Flores (Eds.). 2017. Daryl D. Cruz Flores Diversidad biológica de Cuba: métodos de inventario, monitoreo y colecciones biológicas. Editorial AMA, La DISEÑO Y MAQUETACIÓN Habana, 480 pp. Carlos A. Mancina FOTOGRAFÍA CITACIÓN RECOMENDADA PARA UN CAPÍTULO Raimundo López-Silvero Autor(es). 2017. Título del capítulo. Pp. [página(s)]. En: Diversidad biológica de Cuba: métodos de inventario, ILUSTRACIONES monitoreo y colecciones biológicas (C. A. Mancina y D. Gustavo Pineda Quiala D. Cruz, Eds.). Editorial AMA, La Habana, 480 pp. SELEccIÓN DE IMÁGENES Y PROCESAMIENTO DIGITAL ISBN: 978-959-300-129-8 (versión impresa) Carlos A. Mancina ISBN: 978-959-300-130-4 (versión digital) DIREccIÓN EDITORIAL Carlos A. Mancina PRÓLOGO s frecuente en la actualidad encontrar libros que aborden temas biológicos, relacionados con la identificación y clasificación de grupos de seres vivos particulares, así como sobre Elas metodologías de trabajo especializado que se emplean para su estudio, en correspondencia con diferentes ópticas de investigación. Otros por el contrario se basan en el análisis conceptual de procesos biológicos generales que involucran a diferentes niveles de organización de los sistemas vivientes, sobre todo, relacionados con poblaciones y comunidades. No obstante, en la presente obra el lector encontrará a lo largo de sus 22 capítulos, un compendio de informa- ción actualizada, único de su tipo en Cuba, que abarca los grupos más conspicuos de nuestra biodiversidad. Este es el resultado del esfuerzo mancomunado de destacados especialistas de diversas instituciones nacionales, que bajo una óptica común han aunado esfuerzos para sistematizar sus conocimientos y organizarlos de manera uniforme, coherente y atractiva. La obra resultante será de gran utilidad tanto para estudiantes de las ramas biológicas y afines, como para especialistas y técnicos que encontrarán en este apretado volumen, respuestas a muchas interrogantes, antes de abordar investigaciones de campo con diferentes alcances, sobre la biodiversidad cubana. Resulta novedoso el nivel de organización logrado en todos sus capítulos, en los cuales se sintetizan, a lo largo de una línea preconcebida, los elementos esenciales a tener en cuenta por los estudiosos de la biología. Línea que parte de elementos generales del grupo bajo estudio y avanza con rigor a través de caracteres taxonómicos es- pecíficos, apoyados con esquemas y excelentes fotografías que permiten ganar en claridad sobre las diferencias entre las categorías taxonómicas bajo análisis. Destaca a continuación la incorporación de métodos para la evaluación poblacional, con una visión amplia y crítica que propone al lector tanto los más utilizados, como otros que según las necesidades de la investigación, se pueden usar para obtener resultados acorde con los objetivos trazados. Una óptica similar se sigue en relación con la recolecta y toma de muestras biológicas en el campo, tanto para el desarrollo de investigaciones como para el fomento de colecciones científicas en las instituciones autorizadas. Las claves presentes en muchos capítu- los, así como la relación de especies registradas en nuestro territorio, en otros, son un aporte más al acervo cultural de todo aquel que atesora conocimientos sobre nuestra biodiversidad. Se destaca al final de cada capítulo una amplia y actualizada bibliografía, que no sólo justifica los elementos ofrecidos al lector, sino también constituye una sugerencia para el estudio y profundización de los contenidos presentados y con ello un aporte a la superación y unifica- ción de criterios entre los especialistas dedicados al estudio de cada uno de los grupos de la biodiversidad incorporados. En general resulta loable el esfuerzo realizado por los editores para sintetizar y organizar en esta esmerada presentación tal cúmulo de información, que de seguro constituirá en lo ade- lante una base metodológica para la elaboración de protocolos de investigación encaminados a discernir sobre aspectos básicos relacionados con el estudio y conservación de nuestra biota. Dr.C. Martín Acosta Cruz Investigador Titular, Facultad de Biología Universidad de La Habana AUTORES ABEL PÉREZ GONZÁLEZ CARLOS A. MANCINA HECTOR M. DÍAZ PERDOMO MUSEO ARGENTINO DE CIENCIAS NATURALES INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. “BERNARDINO RIVADAVIA”, ARGENTINA. MASTOZOOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] MASTOZOOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] ARACNOLOGÍA. ********* CARLOS A. MARTÍNEZ-MUÑOZ HIRAM GONZÁLEZ ALONSO ADRIANA LOZADA PIÑA UNIVERSIDAD DE GREIFSWALD, ALEMANIA. ECOLOGÍA INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. DE INVERTEBRADOS. [[email protected]] ORNITOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] ENTOMOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] DAILY MARTÍNEZ BORREGO ILEANA FERNÁNDEZ GARCÍA ADRIÁN D. TRAPERO QUINTANA INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. UNIVERSIDAD DE ORIENTE. INVERTEBRADOS MALACOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] ENTOMOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] ACUÁTICOS. ********* DARYL D. CRUZ FLORES ILSA M. FUENTES MARRERO ALEJANDRO FERNÁNDEZ VELÁZQUEZ INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. BOTÁNICA. CENTRO DE INVESTIGacIONES Y SERVICIOS ENTOMOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] [[email protected]] AMBIENTALES Y TECNOLÓGICOS, HOLGUÍN . MALACOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] DAVID MACEIRA FILGUERA ISORA BARÓ OVIEDO CENTRO ORIENTAL DE ECOSISTEMAS Y INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. BOTÁNICA. ALEJANDRO LÓPEZ MICHELENA BIODIVERSIDAD (BIOECO). MALACOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. [[email protected]] ORNITOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] JANS MORFFE RODRÍGUEZ DELY RODRÍGUEZ VELÁZQUEZ INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. vi ALINA PÉREZ HERNÁNDEZ INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. COLEccIONES ZOOLÓGICAS (HELMINTOLOGÍA). CENTRO DE INVESTIGacIONES Y SERVICIOS ENTOMOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] [[email protected]] AMBIENTALES (ECOVIDA). ORNITOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] DIANA RODRÍGUEZ-CALA JAVIER TORRES LÓPEZ INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. BOTÁNICA. UNIVERSIDAD DE KANSAS, E.E.U.U. ANGEL MOTITO MARÍN [[email protected]] HERPETOLOGÍA.[[email protected]] CENTRO ORIENTAL DE ECOSISTEMAS Y BIODIVERSIDAD (BIOECO). BRIOFITAS. [[email protected]] ELDIS R. BÉCQUER JORGE FERRO DÍAZ JARDÍN BOTÁNICO NacIONAL. UNIVERSIDAD DE LA CENTRO DE INVESTIGacIONES Y SERVICIOS AMNERYS GONZÁLEZ ROSSELL HabaNA. BOTÁNICA. [[email protected]] AMBIENTALES (ECOVIDA). BOTÁNICA. [JORGE. CENTRO NacIONAL DE ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS (CNAP). [email protected]] ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS. [[email protected]] ESTEBAN GUTIÉRREZ CUBRÍA MUSEO NacIONAL DE HISTORIA NATURAL DE CUba. JORGE L. ORTÍZ MEDINA ANA A. SOCARRÁS ENTOMOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. MICOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] INVERTEBRADOS DEL SUELO. [[email protected]] FELIX N. ESTRADA PIÑERO INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. JORGE LUIS FONTENLA RIZO ARMANDO R. LONGUEIRA LOYOLA ORNITOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. SOCIEDAD ESPELEOLÓGIca DE CUba (SEC). FAUNA ENTOMOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] CAVERNÍCOLA. [[email protected]] GIRALDO ALAYÓN GARCÍA MUSEO NacIONAL DE HISTORIA NATURAL DE CUba. JOSÉ ANGEL GARCÍA-BELTRÁN AYLÍN ALEGRE BARROSO ARACNOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] JARDÍN BOTÁNICO NacIONAL. UNIVERSIDAD DE LA INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. HabaNA. BOTÁNICA. [[email protected]] ARACNOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] GRISEL CABRERA DÁVILA INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. ECOLOGÍA JOSÉ ESPINOSA SÁEZ BETINA NEYRA RAOLA DE INVERTEBRADOS. [[email protected]] INSTITUTO DE CIENCIAS DEL MAR. MALACOLOGÍA. INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. [[email protected]] ENTOMOLOGÍA. [[email protected]] GUSTAVO SHELTON CENTRO ORIENTAL DE ECOSISTEMAS Y BIODIVERSIDAD (BIOECO). HELECHOS. [[email protected]] JOSÉ L. PONCE DE LEÓN MARTA M. HIDALGO-GATO GONZÁLEZ ROLANDO FERNÁNDEZ DE ARCILA FERNÁNDEZ SOCIEDAD CUbaNA DE ZOOLOGÍA. ICTIOLOGÍA. INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA Y SISTEMÁTIca. CENTRO NacIONAL DE ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS [[email protected]] ENTOMOLOGÍA. [[email protected]]
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