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Home , 10 Rockefeller Plaza, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, Midtown Manhattan, Radio City Music Hall, Rainbow Room, Rockefeller Center

ROCKEFELLER CENTER , NY / USA

REVITALIZING AN ICON

Historic value for tomorrow’s standards CENTER , NY / USA

OVERVIEW

Defining Midtown , Rockefeller THE APPROACH Center’s 12 historically significant Adopting a long-term holistic view, Tishman buildings encompass six square city blocks Speyer developed a master plan for and comprise over 9 million sq. ft. (840,000 ’s redesign that addressed sq. m.). The complex is divided into 8 million every aspect of the complex, including 9 sq. ft. of office space and 1 million sq. ft. of office and retail leasing, public space and MILLION SQ.FT. retail and public space. amenities, operating efficiencies and capital Built in the midst of the , expenditures. Rockefeller Center was founded on the Recognizing the need to preserve the vision of the . Today it is heritage of the buildings, home to , Christie’s worked in close collaboration with the Auction House, NBC Studios, over 115 retail New York City Landmarks Preservation stores and dining venues, the world-famous Commission to preserve Rockefeller Rockefeller Ice Rink, Christmas Tree, Top of Center’s Indiana limestone architecture and 12 the Rock Observation Deck and over priceless art. All designs and upgrades had BUILDINGS IN 40,000 tenant employees. to be executed without compromising the THE COMPLEX THE CHALLENGE historical features of the building. The fundamentals of the Center, its location, THE OUTCOME layout, architecture and aesthetic concept, are Tishman Speyer’s 20-year ownership and irreplaceable. However, at the time Tishman redevelopment of Rockefeller Center has Speyer took control of Rockefeller Center in preserved an architectural gem, and has re- the late 1990s, its condition no longer reached established this landmark complex as a first- the standards expected of a world-class class business destination and retail center. 98% commercial destination. As a result, it struggled This has been underpinned by a master OCCUPANCY RATE to attract industry-leading tenants prepared planned sustainability approach that focuses to pay a premium for iconic office and retail on energy-efficient technologies, effective space. Poor maintenance and operation of central plant operation and a revitalization aging plant equipment meant that operational program for the Center’s world-class public expenditure was high. The scale of the complex attractions. and its landmark status also presented unique challenges to redevelopment. ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA

SUSTAINABILITY AND EFFICIENCY APPROACH

Upon taking ownership of Rockefeller Center, STEP TWO: DEMAND-SIDE MEASURES Tishman Speyer instituted an established Energy conservation measures to reduce four-step approach to reduce energy cooling, heating and electricity demand consumption, in particular peak energy usage. within individual buildings and the In a city where energy shortages can be a public realm space were designed and 75% concern, especially in the summer months, implemented. These were supplemented by ENERGY REDUCTION IN EXTERNAL LIGHTING reducing strain on the power grid is essential. a tenant engagement program to further In adopting a systematic approach, Tishman reduce strain on New York City’s electrical Speyer has successfully reduced energy grid in the peak summer months. consumption across the entire complex, reducing operating expenses as a result. STEP THREE: SUPPLY-SIDE MEASURES This is a significant outcome in a city where Tishman Speyer set out to improve the infrastructure is stretched considerably efficiency of central plant equipment, add beyond capacity. As an added benefit, new peak energy-saving technologies and introduce renewable technologies 3.5 Tishman Speyer has been able to pass GWH IN STEAM savings on to its tenants. appropriate to the site location. SAVINGS OVER FIVE YEARS STEP ONE: ESTABLISH A BASELINE STEP FOUR: EFFICIENT OPERATIONS At the outset, Tishman Speyer undertook a AND BEST PRACTICE comprehensive audit to assess the existing The Building Management System (BMS) mechanical equipment and associated was further enhanced to increase the degree operating routines. Key to the development’s of sophistication with which the plant could success was an in-depth understanding of be operated. This included the introduction each building and its related systems. Once of smart sequencing, as well as fine-tuning the baseline had been established, Tishman operational parameters. 14,000 KW PEAK SUMMER Speyer determined the best strategy to CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT COOLING LOAD improve operational performance. Tishman Speyer continually looks to upgrade REDUCTION equipment, install new technologies and find ways to operate the plant more efficiently. ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA

CENTRAL PLANT AND COMPLEX-WIDE UPGRADES

The central plant was identified as the area CENTRAL PLANT OPERATIONS with the biggest potential for savings and The manner by which the central plant was therefore a focal point for the upgrade is operated is just as important as the strategy. As a result of significant capital equipment itself. Tishman Speyer has a large investment, Rockefeller Center is now a in-house team of specialists dedicated to showcase for best practice in optimized the smooth running of the central plant and central plant operation on a district scale. general building operations. The Building CENTRAL PLANT UPGRADES: Management System is also maintained in- PAST AND PRESENT house to ensure a fully integrated approach. As a first step, Tishman Speyer replaced Smart sequencing of different cooling outdated central plant equipment, such as technologies, such as free cooling, ice storage chillers and variable frequency drives, with and steam and electric chillers, enables plant the latest cutting-edge models. Free cooling operations to be optimized according to the was installed to take advantage of low season, temperature and weather conditions, ambient outdoor air temperatures during as well as prevailing electricity prices. winter months, and an ice storage system was COMPLEX-WIDE INITIATIVES installed to shift peak electrical consumption, A number of demand-side reduction reduce strain on grid and ensure strategies have been implemented across eligibility for Con Edison incentives. the complex. The ice rink, underground Additionally, chiller set-ups were optimized parking and have been for predicted load requirements. connected to heat recovery systems to CENTRAL PLANT UPGRADES: FUTURE reduce Con Edison steam consumption. All The central plant is continually undergoing external uplights and downlights have been upgrades and improvements to take replaced with efficient LED lights, along with advantage of new technology and best illuminating the world-famous Christmas tree practice. Tishman Speyer is currently with 30,000 LED lights. A solar PV array has considering more efficient steam turbine been installed at 45 Rockefeller Plaza to serve drives, a cogeneration plant for heat and general building needs during the year and power, and battery storage to further shift power the LED Christmas tree lights during peak electrical consumption. the holiday season. ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA

VARIABLE FREQUENCY EXTERNAL LED DRIVES LIGHTING OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY

BUILDING CENTRAL PLANT MANAGEMENT UPGRADES LED CHRISTMAS SYSTEM TREE

SOLAR ARRAY

FREE COOLING UNITS

PROMETHEUS ICE FOUNTAIN - HEAT STORAGE RECOVERY

MODIFIED STEAM AND NEW ELECTRIC ELECTRIC CHILLERS CHILLERS UNDERGROUND ICE RINK - HEAT PARKING - HEAT RECOVERY RECOVERY Conceptual plant layout ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA

OFFICE

Energy efficiency and user experience were UNPARALLELED AMENITIES key sustainability goals when Tishman Speyer AND ENERGY VARIABLE AIR began transforming Rockefeller Center’s 8 Rockefeller Center is home to over 115 retail EFFICIENT VOLUME AHUS million sq. ft. (740,000 sq. m.) of office space. stores, cafés and restaurants, as well as WINDOWS In order to increase occupancy rates and other major attractions. Every building in attract industry-leading tenants, the space the complex connects at the underground was required to meet Class A standards. concourse level, providing seamless access to ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ADVANCED DESIGN one of the busiest subway stations in the city. SLIMLINE CONSERVATION EFFICIENT DAYS A complex-wide window replacement LEED® COMMERCIAL INTERIOR RADIATORS program is currently underway to install CERTIFICATION dual-pane, thermally insulated glass in all All Rockefeller Center tenants can apply for buildings. Original and bulky steam heaters LEED Commercial Interior certification. To date, TENANT are also being replaced with more slimline and three of our largest tenants, representing 1.1 DESTINATION SUBMETERING efficient wall units, which use 40% less steam. million sq. ft. (100,000 sq. m.), have achieved DISPATCH In addition, the cooling system has been LEED Silver and Gold certifications. upgraded by adding variable air volume air SUPPORTING THE 24/7 OFFICE handling units and variable frequency drives to VFDS ON CHILLED chilled water pumps. To support the requirements of a modern, 24/7 WATER PUMPS In many buildings, state-of-the art, high-speed office environment, all services are provided 24/7 destination dispatch elevators have been around the clock, including power, chilled water, EMERGENCY heating, security and access. HVAC AND installed to reduce wait times and improve ELEVATOR user experience. Lobby lighting has also been THE RESULT ACCESS CONNECTION replaced with energy-efficient LED lighting. As a result of the numerous measures put in TO OVER 100 Rockefeller Center actively encourages tenant place, Tishman Speyer increased occupancy RETAIL STORES engagement through programs and events rates from 86% in 1996 to 98% in 2015. such as Energy Conservation Days, Earth Day Rockefeller Center has attracted and retained LED LIGHTING and Earth Hour. IN LOBBIES leases for the some of the world’s most CONNECTION recognized and respected companies, including TO 4 SUBWAY Lazard, , Gensler, Rockefeller Financial, LINES Bank of America, Fiduciary Trust, First Republic Bank, DirecTV and Bank. ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA

RETAIL

LARGE-SCALE REDEVELOPMENT ATTRACTING HIGH-END RETAIL CLIENTS The transformation of Rockefeller Center’s The success of the refurbishment has retail plan, completed in early 2000, become evident by the number and quality established a vibrant 600,000 sq. ft. (56,000 of new leases signed with high-end retailers sq. m.) connected retail environment of such as , Anthropologie, Banana 600K over 115 stores across the complex. This Republic, Lego, Coach, Cole Haan, Kenneth SQ. FT. OF RETAIL SPACE created a major and added Cole and J.Crew, among many others. unparalleled amenities for office tenants, as well as enhancing the variety of offerings in CHRISTIE’S AUCTION HOUSE . In another significant achievement, Christie’s Auction House selected Rockefeller Center PRESERVING/UPGRADING as the site for their New York headquarters, LANDMARK FEATURES which required a large retail space. Upon Tishman Speyer worked with the New York approval from the Landmarks Preservation City Landmarks Preservation Commission Commission, Tishman Speyer repurposed 115 RETAIL to redesign and enlarge retail storefronts, the Rockefeller Center garage to create a STORES creating a classic urban mall feel. The main customized space for the new auction house, public areas within the concourse level transforming the space and incorporating were also completely renovated using over many bespoke design elements to meet one million dollars of imported bluestone, Christie’s vision. The project took a year to custom bronze storefronts and new terrazzo complete, and through careful management, marble flooring. Tishman Speyer was able to keep the garage open during the entire process. 800K VISITORS A DAY DURING HOLIDAY SEASON ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA

WORLD-CLASS COMMUNITY CONNECTIVITY

As one of New York City’s top attractions, Over 75% of construction material was Rockefeller Center lies at the heart of recycled or salvaged, water saving measures commerce, culture and community were implemented to reduce water usage by

connectivity. It attracts around 400,000 over 30%, and a renewable energy contract OBSERVATION people each day, soaring to 800,000 during was put in place. The newly refurbished DECK the holiday season, who come to discover was awarded LEED CI v2009 its historic architecture, dine in its famous Silver. restaurants, shop in its luxury retail stores and enjoy world-class entertainment. OUTDOOR AREAS AND GARDENS Attractions include Top of the Rock To complement the retail aspect of the Observation Deck, Radio City Music Hall, the Center and further open up the public iconic Ice Rink and Christmas Tree, and NBC’s spaces, Tishman Speyer renovated the RAINBOW ROOM* daily broadcast events. outdoor areas and gardens of Rockefeller Plaza. The aim was to combine contemporary TOP OF THE ROCK OBSERVATION DECK construction details and materials with Having been out of operation since 1986, classic styling to create an urban mall feel. Tishman Speyer reopened the observation The space, which also includes a number of deck at in 2005, after private and public rooftop gardens, provides a lengthy redevelopment effort. Top of the an attractive recreational area for both OUTDOOR Rock Observation Deck was a large-scale tourists and office tenants. GARDEN construction project of 30,000 sq. ft. (2,800 sq. m.) spread over three floors and including CULTURAL EVENTS retail and media installations in the lobby and As manager and operator of Rockefeller mezzanine areas. Center, Tishman Speyer sponsors many of the cultural events that contribute to the RAINBOW ROOM Center’s appeal and add to its status as

Recognized as a quintessential New the destination of choice for locals, visitors ICE York experience—with its famed rotating and office tenants alike. In addition to the SKATING dancefloor, glamorous décor and panoramic world-famous ice rink, annual Christmas views of Manhattan—the Rainbow Room can tree lighting and the refurbished Channel now be enjoyed by the public once more. Gardens, Rockefeller Center offers seasonal

During the renovation, every effort was made farmers’ markets and an active art program *LEED Silver Commercial to ensure sustainability was a top priority. in collaboration with the . Interiors v2009 ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA

TECHNICAL INSIGHTS

UNDERSTANDING THE COMPLEX: THERMAL INSULATION: BRIGHT SAVINGS: HARNESSING THE SUN: Energy Audit Window Replacement Scheme LED Lighting Solar Energy

WARM IN WINTER: COOL IN SUMMER: SHIFTING PEAK DEMAND: THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: Heat Recovery Central Cooling System Ice Storage Building Management System

SMART OPERATIONS: BEST PRACTICE: INFLUENCING BEHAVIOR: Plant Operating Regimen The Team Behind Operations Tenant Engagement Initiatives ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA

CONTACT

GLOBAL HEADQUARTERS Tishman Speyer Rockefeller Center 45 Rockefeller Plaza New York, NY 10111 USA

T: +1 212.715.0300 tishmanspeyer.com/contactus ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA UNDERSTANDING THE COMPLEX: Energy Audit

Through a systematic approach, Tishman Speyer identified operational improvements to increase system efficiency and performance. The extensive retro-commissioning program that followed future-proofed Rockefeller Center for compliance with New York City’s Local Law 87.

UNDERSTANDING THE BUILDINGS ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES (ECMS) The first step to improving the buildings’ operations was Tishman Speyer identified a long list of potential ECMs to undertake a comprehensive, complex-wide energy for the central plant and for each of the 12 buildings. audit. Tishman Speyer: In order to maximize returns, capital expenditure was apportioned according to return on investment. Tishman • Reviewed all existing plant and building-specific Speyer modeled energy and cost savings against capital documentation; cost estimates, factoring in third-party incentives. The • Interviewed the buildings’ technicians about ECMs were then prioritized by payback period: operational energy requirements and automatic settings; • First Priority (1–2 years), Second Priority (3–6 years), Tenant Renovation Improvements (7+ years) and Not • Developed energy models and calibrated them to Recommended. Energy audit and retro-commissioning report existing system specifications; • First and Second Priority measures are predicted • Analyzed all utilities and put in place temporary sub- to yield nearly 10 GWh total energy savings for the metering where applicable; 2% Space cooling central plant and another 12.3 GWh for the individual 7% Ventilation fans • Carried out retro-commissioning functional testing buildings, over the equipment’s lifetime. 22% Central plant and TAB (Testing, Adjusting and Balancing) 5% Elevators measurements; and The audit and retro-commissioning were carried • Analyzed the results to develop a prioritized action out under one of the largest FlexTech clean energy 7% Hot water plan for improvements. programs ever undertaken, totaling $1.4 million, with $650,000 funding from NYSERDA (New York State <1% Heat rejection 3% Pumps OPERATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS Energy Research and Development Authority). Over 25 retro-commissioning and no- or low-cost operational improvement measures were identified across all 12 buildings, with total lifetime energy savings estimated to be in the region of 1.3 GWh. 18% Space heat 20% Plug loads 23.6 504 GWH TOTAL MEASURES ESTIMATED LIFETIME IMPLEMENTED 16% Area lights SAVINGS Baseline case energy consumption ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA THERMAL INSULATION: Window Replacement Scheme

To bring the buildings in line with modern performance standards, Tishman Speyer recognized that each building envelope needed upgrading. The most practical way of achieving this was through a window replacement program. But with over 15,500 windows across the complex, this was an extremely challenging undertaking.

THE SCALE OF THE TASK IMPROVED PERFORMANCE Tishman Speyer is in the process of carrying out a AND INCREASED SPACE rolling replacement of all original single-pane windows. The new double-pane windows have higher thermal To date, 9,950 windows have been replaced, improving insulation qualities and much reduced ventilation losses energy efficiency and reducing exterior noise. as compared to the original 1933 panes. By improving the performance of the windows, Tishman Speyer PRESERVING THE AESTHETIC has reduced the need for cooling and heating in the Tishman Speyer wanted to ensure that replacement interior of the building. The bulky, old heaters have windows would improve the performance of the been replaced with flush slimline units, which has freed buildings without compromising the aesthetics of up internal floor space and made the interior more historic façades. Six different brands of windows were attractive to tenants. The new radiators use 40% less tested to ensure that the replacements would comply steam than their older counterparts. with Rockefeller Center landmark requirements, while The total annual operational savings per window is simultaneously blending with the existing windows estimated to be $350. during the staged replacement process.

9,950 40% $5.5m WINDOWS LESS STEAM USED EXPECTED ANNUAL REPLACED IN WALL UNIT OPERATIONAL SAVINGS TO DATE

Old window and heating unit New window and heating unit ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA BRIGHT SAVINGS: LED Lighting

To reduce operational costs and the overall carbon footprint of Rockefeller Center, Tishman Speyer is nearing completion of an ambitious LED lighting installation plan. Offering measurable savings to tenants, as well as making the buildings easier to maintain, this program has already resulted in considerable energy savings.

EXTERIOR LIGHTING – UPLIGHTS INTERIOR COMMON AREAS The original exterior façade uplights comprised 286 Energy-efficient LED lighting is being installed in all 1,320W fixtures which were highly energy-intensive. interior public areas that fall under Tishman Speyer By replacing these with 290W LED fixtures, energy management. This includes lighting in public corridors, consumption has been reduced by 80%. This saving concourse areas, elevator lobbies and egress stairways. equates to 760,000 kWh per year, which, based on Operational area lighting will be replaced as it reaches New York City carbon emission rates, is equivalent end of life. to 240,000 kg. (529,000 lbs.) of CO2 per year. The replacement program is currently 85% complete, due CHRISTMAS TREE to be finalized in 2016. The world-famous Rockefeller Christmas Tree is a much-loved attraction, but using five miles of lighting The new uplights are also intelligent, full-color LED to illuminate it, Tishman Speyer undertook measures to LED downlights in Channel Gardens and uplights on 30 Rockefeller Plaza lighting fixtures from the Philips Color Kinetics© range make it more sustainable. As a result, the lighting has which can be controlled from a central device. The been replaced with over 30,000 LED lights powered by system is capable of displaying millions of colors that a solar PV installation atop 45 Rockefeller Plaza. can be changed at the touch of a button, on a fixture or group level, and also pre-programmed for dazzling light shows. EXTERIOR LIGHTING – DOWNLIGHTS There are 169 200W downlights around the building and in the public space. Tishman Speyer is currently replacing these with 50W LED fixtures and as a result 455 830 30,000 LED EXTERNAL MWH ANNUAL LED CHRISTMAS energy consumption will be reduced by 75%. This UPLIGHTS AND SAVINGS LIGHTS saving equates to 65,000 kWh per year, which, based DOWNLIGHTS on NYC carbon emission rates, is equivalent to 21,000 kg. of CO2 per year. This replacement program is currently 30% complete.

LED lighting in lobby areas ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA HARNESSING THE SUN: Solar Energy

Solar photovoltaic arrays are one of the most efficient and relevant on-site renewable technologies available for city use. They help reduce electrical grid reliance and peak energy consumption, both of which are particularly important in New York City.

ROOFTOP PV INSTALLATION Tishman Speyer installed a 363-panel, 61 kW solar array atop 45 Rockefeller Plaza. Located 45 stories above ground, this is the largest privately owned rooftop PV installation in the city, and one of the highest in the world. The installation feeds a 60kW inverter where the 61 9,000 500 energy is converted to high-quality 480 VAC power, KW SOLAR KWH PRODUCED MWH PRODUCED which is then fed back into Rockefeller Center’s grid. ARRAY PER PEAK MONTH TO DATE USE OF SOLAR POWER Power produced by the PV system is used to reduce general building energy consumption needs from the grid, and during winter months it generates the energy needed to illuminate the 30,000 LEDs on the Rockefeller Christmas Tree during its 42 days of operation. THE PV SYSTEM: • Has produced over 500,000 kWh since its installation at the end of 2007. • Has resulted in savings equivalent to 150,000 kg. of

CO2, based on New York City CO2 emission rates since its installation. • Produces 6,000 kWh per month, on average. • Produces 1,000–2,000 kWh per month in winter. • Produces up to 9,000 kWh per month in summer.

Laying the photovoltaic structural framework 30,000 LED Christmas tree Installing the photovoltaic panels ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA WARM IN WINTER: Heat Recovery

New York City relies on steam from a distributed system managed by Con Edison, using the largest commercial steam system in the world. Tishman Speyer has introduced a number of initiatives to reduce steam consumption at Rockefeller Center, as well as increase the operational efficiency of the buildings’ heating systems.

HEAT RECOVERY BUILDING HEATING Heat recovery is a simple but effective means of Tishman Speyer has also implemented a number of reducing wasted energy in a building. Within Rockefeller measures to decrease the amount of steam it uses to Center, building perimeter steam radiator condensate is heat the Rockefeller Center buildings, including: utilized wherever possible to deliver a more sustainable solution, such as: BMS integration To overcome the limitations of the manually operated Heating the interior garages legacy system, Tishman Speyer integrated the BMS with The fresh air fan systems in the indoor garage areas a programmable logic controller (PLC) to allow steam have been converted to utilize waste heat rather than to be controlled throughout the complex. This has new steam, to ensure that the garages are kept at the resulted in significant energy savings. When required, required temperature. heating can be turned off quickly, thereby reducing Prometheus fountain heat recovery losses and improving occupant comfort. Melting ice from the rink To maintain the Rockefeller Ice Rink, the ice has to be Slimline radiators melted on a daily basis during its operating months. In tandem with the window replacement program, To make this as efficient as possible, an ice resurfacer the original, bulky steam heaters are in the process of clears the top layer of the rink and delivers the ice being replaced with new, highly efficient units. The new shavings to a chute, which are then melted using steam heaters use 40% less steam. radiator condensate rather than hot water. New pipework Heating the Prometheus fountain To eliminate steam leakage and prevent further heat During the winter months, water for the fountain is loss through poor insulation, the original steam risers, heated utilizing steam radiator condensate to ensure it which date back to the 1930s, are currently being does not freeze. replaced with new pipework.

Ice rink heat recovery ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA COOL IN SUMMER: Central Cooling System

All 12 buildings in Rockefeller Center are served by a single central chilled water plant located under 30 Rockefeller Plaza, which is relied on daily. A Main Cooling Units Backup Cooling Units key consideration is reducing peak energy demand to alleviate strain on the New York City grid and to manage costs. Free Cooling 2,200-ton (7,800 kW) Electric Chiller 4,000-ton (14,000 kW) CENTRAL PLANT EFFICIENCY MEASURES • Ice storage: An ice storage system comprising 41 The main cooling units at 30 Rockefeller Plaza are tanks was installed at 30 Rockefeller Plaza. This essential to efficient operations at the complex, but system has the capacity to provide 8,000 ton hours Ice Storage there are supplementary and backup systems located of cooling (28,000 kWh) each day. 8,000 ton hours per day Electric Ice (28,000 kWh per day) Storage Chiller in 45 Rockefeller Plaza and Radio City Music Hall. Over • Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs): To save energy, 1,300-ton (4,600 kW) time, Tishman Speyer has installed new systems and VFDs were installed on the cooling tower and technology, as well as upgraded and modified the cooling secondary loop chilled-water pumps. The drives units to enhance their efficiency, saving costs and carbon: adjust the speed of the electric motor to match the Electric Chiller actual application demand, rather than operating at • Single pass chillers: To better serve the needs of the Electric Chiller 1,000-ton (3,500 kW) constant maximum speed. 2,500-ton (8,800 kW) buildings by providing higher flow rates to meet • Planned future improvements: These include installing demand, rather than focusing on heat rejection Electric Chiller capacity, the two largest chillers (each 4,000 a more efficient advanced steam turbine drive, 1,000-ton (3,500 kW) tons (14,000 kW)) were converted from two-pass replacing current chillers with new electric chillers evaporators to single pass. This gives the central plant once they reach end of life, and a move towards cogeneration. Electric Chiller

greater flexibility in the spring and fall: requirements 45 Rock 1,000-ton (3,500 kW)

can now be fulfilled using one chiller at full capacity, Plant Central 30 Rock Electric Chiller BUILDING COOLING EFFICIENCY MEASURES 4,000-ton (14,000 kW) rather than running multiple machines on part load. • Air distribution: To modernize the air distribution • Free cooling: To capitalize on free cooling during the system, constant volume double-ducted Air Handling winter months, a 2,200-ton (7,800 kW) free cooling Electric Chiller Units (AHUs) have been replaced with new single- 1,500-ton (5,300 kW) system was installed and connected to the cooling ducted variable air volume AHUs with variable towers at . This operates when frequency drives. This also gives tenants the option temperatures fall below 40oF (4.50C) and is usually of installing demand control ventilation with CO2 used for two and a half months each year, eliminating sensors to reduce their energy consumption without Electric Chiller the need to pre-heat large amounts of outdoor air. Steam Chiller compromising air quality. 1,000-ton (3,500 kW) 4,000-ton (14,000 kW) • Chiller upgrade: To provide greater efficiencies, • Parameters modified: To save chilled water, the chilled two old 1,000-ton (3,500 kW) electric chillers were water coil temperature spread parameters have been Electric Chiller replaced with a single, more efficient 2,500-ton increased. 1,000-ton (3,500 kW) (8,800 kW) electric chiller.

• Outdoor measures: To increase efficiency, outdoor air Radio City Music Hall dampers and fresh air intakes have been replaced. ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA SHIFTING PEAK DEMAND: Ice Storage

Ice storage provides a cost-efficient way to cool commercial and retail buildings, while optimizing the power grid. Tishman Speyer installed a cutting-edge, 1,300-ton (4,600 kW) chiller feeding 41 ice storage tanks: each tank is 11 feet high and 7.5 feet in diameter.

This reduces peak cooling requirements, saving on energy, C02 and costs.

COST-EFFICIENT INSTALLATION OUTCOME To reduce capital expenditure, Tishman Speyer took In excess of 10 GWh of cooling capacity is shifted from advantage of existing infrastructure such as the cooling peak daytime hours to off-peak night-time hours. This towers and condenser water pipework for the new ice reduces strain on the grid and enables Tishman Speyer storage system. The pipe network was redesigned to to benefit from cheaper off-peak electricity rates per increase operating flexibility and to enable the new year. It also reduces the C02 per kWh produced as New chiller to provide backup cooling to tenant spaces York State’s base load power plants are less carbon within 30 Rockefeller Plaza, as required. intensive than those brought online to meet peak demand during the middle of the day. As a result of the DAILY OPERATING REGIMEN ice storage system, year-round cooling needs can be Ice build: 11 pm – 6 am met using one less chiller. • The chiller builds ice in the tanks during off-peak Ice tanks in basement of 30 Rockefeller Plaza electrical hours. • This creates over 28,000 kWh of cooling capacity for use the following day. Ice burn: 11 am – 6 pm • This uses two pumps: one pump operates on the ice 41 10 ICE STORAGE GWH COOLING storage side and circulates glycol through the tanks, TANKS SHIFTED TO OFF-PEAK then sends it to a heat exchanger; the other pump PER YEAR operates on the central plant side and pumps cool 420F (5.50C) water from the heat exchanger to mix with the main chilled water lines. • Central plant operating engineers optimize use of the ice burn, ensuring they use the total capacity before 6 pm, as well as maximizing the reduction of the highest daytime peak cooling requirements.

1,300-ton (4,600 kW) dedicated ice build chiller ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: Building Management System

By continually customizing and optimizing the Building Management System (BMS) in place at Rockefeller Center, Tishman Speyer has enhanced its level of sophistication and ensured that it remains as fast as the newest IP-based systems on the market today.

THE NERVE CENTER OF OPERATIONS advantage of keeping building knowledge within the • Central plant automation: BMS integration has operations team. Best practice is also shared across enabled the optimization of plant controls for other Tishman Speyer properties. efficient operation of the central plant. STREAMLINING OPERATIONS • Alarm system: The BMS automatically sends an alert Automating the BMS has enabled control room staff to to operations staff if certain parameters are exceeded. be redeployed elsewhere within the team, freeing up In this way, any issues, such as faulty fire alarms, resources to focus on maintenance and other value-add system leaks, unsuitable occupant temperature levels tasks. and central plant equipment speeds, can be identified and resolved quickly. The system also flags upcoming CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT equipment maintenance schedules. Tishman Speyer engineers are continuously looking for Central plant control room • Email alert system: To enhance communications and ways to improve the system. When enhancements are expedite the resolution of issues, Tishman Speyer identified, these can be programmed using in-house installed a custom pager alarm system using two-way BMS specialists. Current planned improvements include: radio. This was recently upgraded to enable alerts • Rerouting and replacement of all optic fiber cabling sent via email and mobile phone. between buildings to further improve network speeds • Con Edison peak shaving/peak demand curtailment: and add another layer of resilience. The old ring- The BMS enables operators to respond to Con Edison based configuration will be changed to a star-based requests to reduce peak demand without delay. configuration branching out from the central plant. Global adjustments can be made across the complex • Logic coding/parameters are being set up to from the central plant, which reduces peak load with automatically search for potential faults in the system. minimal impact to tenant comfort. By identifying possible faults early, it will minimize • Real-time financial impacts: The BMS enables their impact and save time. operators to identify where cost savings can be made. Real-time electricity pricing is fed into the system so operators can adjust usage and ensure it does not slip into a higher Con Edison pricing band. TAILORED FUNCTIONALITY To save costs, enable faster response time and lower 829 15,000 70,000 Building Management System (BMS) control panel downtime, all programming and maintenance of the DDC AND SUBLAN REAL DATA VIRTUAL BMS system is done in-house. This has the added CONTROLLERS POINTS DATA POINTS ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA SMART OPERATIONS: Plant Operating Regimen

With 12 buildings across 9 million sq. ft. (840,000 sq. m) reliant on Rockefeller Center’s Cooling demand (high to low) central plant, optimizing operations presents a considerable challenge. Tishman Speyer introduced a new operating regimen aimed at minimizing daytime energy consumption Peak Summer Normal Fall/Spring Winter and maximizing plant equipment efficiency. Summer

OLD OPERATING REGIMEN SEASONAL OPERATION Upon Tishman Speyer’s acquisition of Rockefeller Different cooling units are utilized throughout the Center, high individual building demand and inefficient year, depending on each unit’s efficiency, steam and central plant operating procedures resulted in all electricity pricing, and outside air temperatures. For central plant chillers at 30 Rockefeller Plaza running at example, from April to October (normal and peak maximum capacity during peak summer days, as well summer months) the use of the steam chiller is as chillers in other supplementary plants as required. prioritized as steam prices are at their lowest. However, Ice This equated to approximately 12,000 tons (42,000 during other seasons the steam chiller is no longer Storage 8,000-ton hours kW) at peak. used due to peak steam pricing. The diagram to the (28,000 kWh) right illustrates the sequencing of these units across NEW OPERATING REGIMEN each season and an additional scenario showing the Once various demand-side measures and central Electric operation on a peak summer day. Chiller plant replacements were complete, the new operating 2,500-ton (8,800 kW) regimen was put in place. This regimen delivers both Ice energy and financial benefits, particularly as Con Storage 8,000-ton hours Sequence of Operation Sequence Edison’s pricing is based on peak usage—the peak (28,000 kWh) price band is then applied to the entire monthly bill. Electric The sheer scale of operations at Rockefeller Center Chiller makes the success of this new operating regimen all 4,000-ton Electric (14,000 kW) Chiller the more remarkable. 2,500-ton (8,800 kW) Ice A combination of building demand reduction, central Storage Ice plant upgrades and central plant operating efficiencies 8,000-ton hours Storage (28,000 kWh) 8,000-ton hours has enabled Tishman Speyer to reduce peak summer (28,000 kWh) demand to around 8,000 tons (28,000 kW), a reduction Steam Steam Chiller Chiller of nearly 4,000 tons (14,000 kW). Electric 4,000-ton 4,000-ton Free (14,000 kW) (14,000 kW) Chiller 2,500-ton Cooling (8,800 kW) 2,200-ton (7,800 kW) ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA SMART OPERATIONS: Plant Operating Regimen

PEAK SUMMER OPERATION A deep-dive into peak summer operation gives an 12,000 42,000 insight into how the central plant operates during maximum load conditions. • Night: The smallest and most efficient electric chiller (2,500-ton (8,800 kW)) is used overnight to meet Cooling Demand 36,000 night-time cooling requirements. The ice storage is 10,000 also charged ready for the following day. • Morning: Plant operators pre-cool each building in a staggered manner before staff arrive, in order to Ice Burn reduce surges on the system. This proactive measure 30,000 Main Cooling Demand Ends

helps keep the team ahead of demand and helps Main Cooling Demand Starts prevent spikes which can push consumption into the 8,000 next Con Edison electricity pricing band. Electric Chiller • Lunchtime (Peak): As demand increases during the day, the 4,000-ton (14,000 kW) electric chiller and 24,000 2,500-ton (8,800 kW) electric chiller are brought online. Ice storage is used as required to reduce peaks, but most notably during the hottest period of the day. 6,000 Staged Ramp Up of Chillers Ahead Demand It is during this time that the 4,000-ton (14,000 kW) Electric Chiller 18,000 Cooling (KW)

chiller is brought online. Cooling (tons) • Afternoon/Night: At 6 pm most buildings’ AHUs ramp down as office tenants finish work, freeing up plant capacity. The steam chiller is turned off and 4,000 one electric chiller (usually the 2,500-ton (8,800 kW) 12,000 chiller) continues to serve night-time requirements. Once the ice storage is completely exhausted and the non-peak electricity period begins, the ice storage system begins to charge for the next day. 2,000 Steam Chiller 6,000 Ice Creation

14,000 0 0 KW PEAK SUMMER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 OPERATIONS REDUCTION Hour of the day ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA BEST PRACTICE: The Team Behind Operations

Tishman Speyer benefits from a vertically integrated platform, ensuring best practices are shared both cross-functionally and across geographical borders. Knowledge-sharing across all property management teams within Tishman Speyer at a local level ensures that best practice is kept at the forefront of operations. Teams also meet regularly to brainstorm potential operational improvements.

KNOWLEDGE KEPT IN-HOUSE A large integrated engineering team of 70 manages and carries out all operations and annual maintenance requirements, with a full equipment overhaul carried out by an external specialist every five years. All 70 386 operations are carried out 24/7, 365 days a year. PERSON DEDICATED TOTAL OPERATING ENGINEERING TEAM STAFF The team is made up as follows: • A team of 18 property management professionals. • Five engineering groups made up of one central plant group and four building groups. Security control room • The central plant group comprises a chief engineer, two assistants and eight operating engineers. • The four building groups vary based on the size of the building, but are each typically comprised of a chief engineer, one to three assistants, four to six operating engineers and three to five helpers. • The engineering team is supplemented by specialist consultants as required. • Operations are also supported by a wider team including fire safety, security and elevator staff, bringing the total operations staff number to 386.

Central plant engineering group ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY, NY / USA INFLUENCING BEHAVIOR: Tenant Engagement Initiatives

Tishman Speyer’s longstanding commitment to a more sustainable future extends beyond direct property improvements at Rockefeller Center. By participating in a number of public initiatives, Tishman Speyer aims to raise awareness of environmental issues among tenants and the greater community.

ANNUAL FARMERS’ MARKET In collaboration with GrowNYC Greenmarket, Tishman Speyer hosts an annual Farmers’ Market in Rockefeller Plaza. Featuring specialty products from dozens of local farms, this summer initiative provides Midtown tenants and visitors with fresh, appealing and sustainably-sourced produce, three days a week for over a month. PUBLIC ART FUND COLLABORATION For almost 20 years, Tishman Speyer and the Public Art Fund have collaborated to display internationally acclaimed works of art to the millions of people who visit and work at Rockefeller Center. A number of these collaborations have incorporated components Split-Rocker by (2014) highlighting the natural environment and sustainable practices, including: • Split-Rocker by Jeff Koons (2014), including over 50,000 living plants in an urban setting. • Human Nature by (2013), using the elemental material of stone to reconnect the contemporary world with our distant origins. • Electric Fountain by Tim Noble & Sue Webster (2008), utilizing LEDs to showcase environmentally-minded technology.

“We are delighted to work with the Public Art Fund to make world-class art accessible to all New Yorkers and visitors.” & Rob Speyer Electric Fountain by Tim Noble & Sue Webster (2008) Human Nature by Ugo Rondinone (2013)