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University Microfilms International 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 USA St INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. 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University Microfilms International 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 USA St. John's Road, Tyler's Green High Wycombe, Bucks, England HP10 8HR 7812314 ANDERSON, HAROLD PAUL the police of Paris under louis xivi the IMPOSITION OF ORDER BY MARC"RENE DE VOYe R DE PAÛLMY d ’a RGENSQN, l i e u t e n a n t GENERAL DE POLICE (1697-1718), t h e OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, PH.O,, 1978 Universiç/ MicraiFilms International so on , z e e b noA n, a n n a h b o r . mi is io e © Copyright by Harold Paul Anderson 1978 THE POLICE OF PARIS UNDER LOUIS XIV: THE IMPOSITION OF ORDER BY MARC-RENE DE VOYER DE PAULMY D'ARGENSON, LIEUTENANT GENERAL DE POLICE (I697-I718) DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Harold P. Anderson, B.A., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 1978 Reading Committee: Approved By John C. Rule John Rothney Franklin J. Pegues Adviser Department of History For Kathy 11 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS So many persons and institutions have served to guide, influence and assist me along the way to the completion of this dissertation, it is difficult, if not impossible, to give adequate credit to them all. Some of their contributions began long before a formal topic was even chosen. In the classroom, in seminars, in conversations, and in the authorship of historical studies, certain persons symbolized the type of scholarship and excellence in intellectual pursuits that was periodically recalled to serve as an inspiration or a model. In thinking back over the years to the nascent period of my interest in history during my undergraduate education at Villanova University, I have often recalled with fondness the courses taken and the work done for Alexander Rudhart, Donald Kelley, and Daniel Carroll. During subsequent trips back to Pennsylvania over the past decade, I especially looked forward to visiting with this last-named teacher and friend. As a teacher, he always demanded excellence of his students; as a scholar, he was a model of excellence himself; and, as a friend, he always had warm words of encouragement. Tragically, he passed away this past year--far too soon for his years; and I deeply regret that I will not be able to present him with a completed copy of this study. Though he will be sorely missed, he will always be remembered by me as an historian worthy of the greatest respect. Ill From time to time along the way I have also often recalled with benefit the ideas, the experiences and the training received during an excellent graduate education at The Ohio State University. Among those whom I wish to thank for providing these things are Philip Poirier, Peter Larmour, Harold Grimm, Franklin Pegues, Clayton Roberts, Robert Bremner, Glenda Riley, John Burnham, and John C. Rule. I owe a special debt of thanks to my dissertation adviser. Dr. Rule, who provided stimu­ lating and thoughtful guidance in the field of early modern European history, and who continually urged thoroughness and accuracy in research and writing. Where this study lacks these qualities, the fault is entirely mine. My thanks go also to Franklin Pegues and John Rothney of the Department of History and to Charles Williams of the Department of Romance Languages and Literature for taking the time to read and comment on the dissertation in draft form. I also wish to express my gratitude for the financial assistance provided by the Graduate School and the Department of History in the form of a University Fellowship and a Teaching Associateship. The fellowship made it possible for me to spend fifteen months in the archives and manuscript repositories of Paris doing the primary research in the sources which forms the basis for the greater part of this study; and the teaching experience led me to think about the study in the context of Western Civilization. Thanks go also to my good friend and fellow graduate student Andrew Szarka who provided encouragement and good humor along the way. And thanks to Evelyn Arnold and Carla Blazac for easing the way administratively. IV I am grateful to the Department of History of Stanford University for the Teaching and Research Fellowship which brought me into contact with numerous stimulating scholars and students of history. Among those I would particularly like to cite are Gordon A. Craig, Lewis Spitz, Gordon Wright, and Carolyn Lougee. Nor can I omit to mention the good company and discussions provided by fellow "TARFS" Cissie Bonini, Jeffry Diefendorf, Paul Mazgaj, Carl Zangerl, James Shedel, Michael Von Herzen, Erna Hellerstein, Nancy Padgett, and Louis Nigro. Others who offered suggestions and insights, great and small, along the way, and who I would like to thank, include Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie, Robert Forster, Leon Bernard, Josef Konvitz, and Ben Trotter. By gratitude is equally extended to all of the cooperative and friendly archivists, curators and librarians in France who assisted me at: the Archives Nationales, the Bibliothèque Nationale, the Biblio­ thèque de l’Arsenal, the Archives des Affaires Etrangères, the Archives de la Guerre (Vincennes), the Bibliothèque Historique de la Ville de Paris, the Archives de la Préfecture de Police, the Archives de la Ville de Paris et de l'ancien département de la Seine, the Bibliothèque de l'Institut, the Archives de l'Académie Française, the Bibliothèque de la Chambre des Députés, and the Bibliothèque Mazarine; and, in the United States, in the library systems of The Ohio State University, Stanford University, and the University of California, Berkeley. Special thanks to Philip Hoehn, map librarian of the Bancroft Library, for timely assistance in a moment of need. I also especially wish to acknowledge Mrs. Jane Edwards whose painstaking typing from manuscript and editorial assistance is something for which I will always be grateful. I offer my thanks to my father and mother who always encouraged me in my academic endeavors. Finally, my deepest debt of gratitude is to the two most important persons in my life, Kathy and Katie, my wife and daughter. The former offered years of loving support and encouragement to see this project to completion; the latter, at a tender age, offered on numerous occasions to illustrate it with crayons. They both will always have my heartfelt thanks. VI VITA October 4, 1946 ............. Born— Darby, Pennsylvania 1968 ...................... B.A., Villanova University Villanova, Pennsylvania 1968-1972 ................... University Fellow and Teaching Associate, Department of History, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1969 ...................... M.A., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1973-1975 ................... Teaching and Research Fellow, Department of History, Stanford University, Stanford, California 1975-1977 ................... Library Specialist, Archives Department, Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, Stanford University, Stanford, California 1976 ...................... Certificate in Archival Admini­ stration, The Archives Institute of the National Archives and Records Service, Library of Congress, and the American Uni­ versity, Washington, D.C. 1977-1978 ................... Assistant Archivist, Wells Fargo Archives, San Francisco, California Fields of Study Major Field: History of Early Modern Europe, Professor John C. Rule. History of the Renaissance and Reformation. Professors Franklin J. Pegues and Harold J. Grimm. History of England. Professors Clayton R. Roberts and Philip P. Poirier. History of Modern Europe. Professor Peter Larmour. United States Social and Economic History. Professors Robert H. Bremner and Glenda Riley. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ....................................... iii VITA .................................................. vii LIST OF TABL E S ......................................... xi LIST OF F I G U R E S ....................................... xii INTRODUCTION ........................................... I PART I: SETTING AND CONTEXT: THE CITY, THE POLICE, AND THE D'ARGENSON FAMILY CHAPTER I. PARIS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY ..................................... 13 P o p u l a t i o n ...............................
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