Communities and Conservation 50 Inspiring Stories: a Gift from WWF to Indonesia
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Communities and Conservation 50 Inspiring Stories: A Gift from WWF to Indonesia Editors: Cristina Eghenter, M. Hermayani Putera and Israr Ardiansyah I Editors: Cristina Eghenter, M. Hermayani Putera and Israr Ardiansyah Cover Photo: Jimmy Syahirsyah/WWF-Indonesia Cover Design: Try Harta Wibawanto Design and Layout: Bernard (Dipo Studio) Try Harta Wibawanto Published: October 2015 by WWF-Indonesia. All reproduction, in whole or in part, must credit the title and the publisher as the copyright holder. © Text 2012 WWF-Indonesia WWF is one of the largest and most experienced independent conservation organizations, with over 5 million supporters and a global network active in more than 100 countries. WWF’s mission is to stop degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature, by conserving the world’s biological diversity, ensuring that use of renewable resources is sustainable, and promoting the reduction of pollution and wasteful consumption. The vision of WWF-Indonesia for biodiversity conservation is: Indonesia’s ecosystems and biodiversity are conserved, sustainably and equitably managed for the well-being of present and future generations. Why we are here To stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to build a future in which human live in harmony with nature. http://www.wwf.or.id This publication should be cited as: Eghenter, C. Putera, M.H. Ardiansyah I (eds) (2015) Communities and Conservation: 50 Inspiring Stories a gift from WWF to Indonesia. WWF-Indonesia II Communities and Conservation 50 Inspiring Stories: A Gift from WWF to Indonesia III Acknowledgments We wish to extend our heartfelt thanks to our project staff, the storytellers of this book. Without their efforts and enthusiasm, we would not have been able to compile this tribute to WWF’s conservation work in Indonesia. The most important thing is that through their writing, the authors have succeeded in sharing with the readers their sincere commitment and passion for working in the field with local communities. The support and vision of the Community Empowerment Working Group (CEWG) were crucial in reminding us of the importance of recognizing and respecting local communities in conservation. It was also the Community Empowerment Working Group that has made this book possible, and for this we are truly grateful to all our colleagues in CEWG. We are especially indebted to the Senior Management Team of WWF-Indonesia—Dr. Efransjah (WWF-Indonesia CEO) and Ms. Devy Suradji (Marketing and Communications Director)—for their attention and support that was so crucial in completing and launching the Indonesian version of this book, on the occasion of WWF-Indonesia’s 50th anniversary in 2012. We would also like to thank Glen Mulcahy for her thorough copyediting and linguistic support for the English language edition. Finally, we express our sincere gratitude and thanks to our true source of inspiration—the local and indigenous communities who live in the places where WWF-Indonesia works. Moreover, this book is dedicated to our dear departed colleague, Ms. Hanna Tobing (1956-2010), who always reminded us of the importance of documenting and sharing our work with the local communities. IV Table of Contents Acknowledgments IV Table of Contents V Foreword by WWF-Indonesia CEO VII 1. Communities on the conservation frontline 1 The conservation paradigm evolves towards more integration 8 2. In the beginning it was only about species protection 5 3. Linking conservation and development in Kerinci Seblat National Park 10 4. Community economy versus the conservation of natural resources 12 5. Cattle and forest honey to protect Mount Mutis 14 Research for better and more beneficial conservation 16 6. Research as an advocacy tool in Kayan Mentarang National Park 18 7. The cross-border Betung Kerihun-Batang Ai and Lanjak Entimau Expedition 21 8. Preserving Lorentz, the last Eden on earth 23 Promoting the role of local communities in protected area management 27 9. Recognizing indigenous community rights of access and management of protected areas 28 10. Sowing the seeds of collaboration for the management of Sebangau National Park 30 11. Wasur National Park Management Collaboration Forum: The spirit of partnership in the eastern most part of Indonesia 32 12. A global breakthrough for Wakatobi communities 34 Changing the behavior: From enemies to allies 36 13. Stories of collaboration to stop illegal logging in Riau 38 Participatory mapping 40 14. Strengthening the management model of Kayan Mentarang National Park through participatory mapping 42 15. Land use planning with local community participation in the Merauke District 44 Natural disasters, mitigation and conservation 46 16. Recovering from the 2004 tsunami 48 17. Corridor restoration: Responding to climate change together with local communities 50 Creating a better life 52 18. Aloe vera in Sebangau Peatland 54 19. Developing ecotourism in the Heart of Borneo 56 20. Green and Fair Products: A wise choice that will benefit people and nature 58 21. Maintaining sustainable sources of livelihoods around Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park 60 22. Cajiput oil brings hope to Wasur National Park 63 23. Sweet honey of the stewards of Tesso Nilo National Park 65 V Financial Services 68 24. Creative and accountable empowerment in the upstream area of the Kapuas River 70 25. Capital for environmentally-friendly business in Solor-Alor 72 Renewable energy 74 26. Forest, water, electricity and community livelihoods 76 27. The story of micro hydropower in Long Pahangai, West Kutai 78 Environmental Services 80 28. Payment for environmental services in Lombok: Building shared responsibilities 82 29. The determination of Tumbang Runen Community to protect Lake Hai 84 30. Restoring an ecosystem with communities in Sebangau National Park 86 31. Integrated and sustainable river basin management in Aceh 88 Learning from local wisdom and traditions 90 32. Local wisdom prevails in the protected Lake Empangau area 92 33. Tana Ulen: A Dayak Kenyah tradition in forest conservation 94 34. Protecting the fish nursery in Koon waters 96 35. Mediation, protection and the sacred bond in natural resource management: The traditional role of the women of Kei 98 Policies that take into account the interests of marginal communities 100 36. Lessons from developing local regulations in participatory ways in Merauke 102 37. Policy advocacy: Efforts to build a social movement 104 Community organization and leadership in conservation 106 38. Collaborative management of Benenain Noelmina River Basin in West Timor 108 39. FORMADAT: Cross-border conservation and sustainable development 110 40. KOMPAKH: The bridge between conservation and the economy 112 Conservation and business 114 41. Tuna fishers in Balauring: From local to global fisheries 116 42. Mo Make Unaf: Local wisdom and noble dreams 118 43. Indigenous communities support sustainable forest management in Papua 120 44. Lubuk Kakap: Village life within a production forest 122 Communities and species protection 125 45. Abun community: Living with “Ocean Explorers” 126 46. “Flying squads” and the mitigation of human-elephant conflict 128 Conservation messages from the communities 131 47. Photo stories: Witnesses to Papua’s natural riches 132 48. Panda CLICK! Conservation voices from grassroots 134 49. Social marketing: Building public awareness for conservation 136 50. High value conservation 138 List of Abbreviations 140 List of Contributors 143 List of Photographers 145 VI Foreword CEO WWF-Indonesia There are many ways to celebrate special moments. For WWF-Indonesia, which celebrated 50 years in Indonesia in 2012, one way to mark this important event is by committing our field experiences to paper. Through these stories, the reader can learn about WWF’s interactions with a diversity of communities and people, and understand the challenges posed by the geographical conditions of the places where WWF-Indonesia works, from Sumatra to Papua. It is my pleasure now in 2015, three years later, to present you with the English language edition of the book. The 50 stories featured in this book take us on an “historical pilgrimage” of WWF- Indonesia’s activities and approaches over the last 50 years. If there is one message to retain from these stories, it would be this: one of the main factors that has enabled WWF- Indonesia to sustain its presence and relevance, up to this day, is that the organization has consciously chosen to work with local and indigenous communities in the field. All the stories in this book confirm that the polarization between local and indigenous communities and conservation is becoming increasingly irrelevant. Actually, the placing of local and indigenous communities as key actors in the implementation of conservation programs and natural resource management, brings a double benefit and something which is still rare in development—the community’s sense of ownership of the programs, and effective leadership at the community level. I hope the stories in this book can increase the readers’ knowledge and represent a collective learning experience. If some ideas and experiences from this book were to inspire other community projects in conservation and natural resource management, either those initiated by the communities themselves or carried out together with WWF- Indonesia and other institutions, we would consider this to be an added bonus and we would be very proud. On behalf of the management and all the WWF-Indonesia staff, I would like to thank the Editorial Team, contributors, and all parties that have provided stories and photos to make this very special gift. This has made the celebration of WWF-Indonesia’s 50th anniversary especially meaningful and rich. I hope you enjoy reading the book. Dr. Efransjah VII Location of WWF in Indonesia VIII 1. Communities on the conservation frontline By M. Hermayani Putera In 2012, WWF celebrated half a century of achievements “Communities in Indonesia. During this time, the topic “communities and frequently depend conservation” was a constant part of the discussion.