Part II: Parasite List by Parasite
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Preparations for the Eradication of Mice from Gough Island: Results of Bait Acceptance Trials Above Ground and Around Cave Systems
Cuthbert, R.J.; P. Visser, H. Louw, K. Rexer-Huber, G. Parker, and P.G. Ryan. Preparations for the eradication of mice from Gough Island: results of bait acceptance trials above ground and around cave systems Preparations for the eradication of mice from Gough Island: results of bait acceptance trials above ground and around cave systems R. J. Cuthbert1, P. Visser1, H. Louw1, K. Rexer-Huber1, G. Parker1, and P. G. Ryan2 1Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, United Kingdom. <[email protected]>. 2DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the Percy FitzPatrick Institute, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa. Abstract Gough Island, Tristan da Cunha, is a United Kingdom Overseas Territory, supports globally important seabird colonies, has many endemic plant, invertebrate and bird taxa, and is recognised as a World Heritage Site. A key threat to the biodiversity of Gough Island is predation by the introduced house mouse (Mus musculus), as a result of which two bird species are listed as Critically Endangered. Eradicating mice from Gough Island is thus an urgent conservation priority. However, the higher failure rate of mouse versus rat eradications, and smaller size of islands that have been successfully cleared of mice, means that trials on bait acceptance are required to convince funding agencies that an attempted eradication of mice from Gough is likely to succeed. In this study, trials of bait acceptance were undertaken above ground and around cave systems that are potential refuges for mice during an aerial application of bait. Four trials were undertaken during winter, with rhodamine-dyed, non-toxic bait spread by hand at 16 kg/ha over 2.56 ha centred above cave systems in Trials 1-3 and over 20.7 ha and two caves in Trial 4. -
Conservation Advice Pachyptila Tutur Subantarctica
THREATENED SPECIES SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Established under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 The Minister’s delegate approved this conservation advice on 01/10/2015 Conservation Advice Pachyptila tutur subantarctica fairy prion (southern) Conservation Status Pachyptila tutur subantarctica (fairy prion (southern)) is listed as Vulnerable under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth) (EPBC Act). The species is eligible for listing as Vulnerable as, prior to the commencement of the EPBC Act, it was listed as Vulnerable under Schedule 1 of the Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 (Cwlth). The main factor that is the cause of the species being eligible for listing in the Vulnerable category is its small population size (250-1000 mature individuals). The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010 considered the Australian breeding population of the fairy prion (southern) as Endangered under Criterion D (Australian breeding population is <250 mature individuals) (Garnett et al., 2011). The Threatened Species Scientific Committee are using the findings of Garnett et al., (2011) to consider whether reassessment of the conservation status of each of threatened birds listed under the EPBC Act is required. Description The fairy prion is the smallest of the Australian prions, with a wingspan of about 56 cm. They have a short narrow bill with a strong hook narrowly separated from the nasal tubes. The fairy prion is grey-blue above, with a darker grey crown, and grey eye stripe. The eyes are dark and highlighted above and below the grey eye stripe by white plumage. The tail is triangular and has a thick dark bank at the tip (Pizzey & Knight 1999). -
Does Genetic Structure Reflect Differences in Non-Breeding Movements? a Case Study in Small, Highly Mobile Seabirds
Quillfeldt et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2017) 17:160 DOI 10.1186/s12862-017-1008-x RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Does genetic structure reflect differences in non-breeding movements? A case study in small, highly mobile seabirds Petra Quillfeldt1* , Yoshan Moodley2, Henri Weimerskirch3, Yves Cherel3, Karine Delord3, Richard A. Phillips4, Joan Navarro5, Luciano Calderón1 and Juan F. Masello1 Abstract Background: In seabirds, the extent of population genetic and phylogeographic structure varies extensively among species. Genetic structure is lacking in some species, but present in others despite the absence of obvious physical barriers (landmarks), suggesting that other mechanisms restrict gene flow. It has been proposed that the extent of genetic structure in seabirds is best explained by relative overlap in non-breeding distributions of birds from different populations. We used results from the analysis of microsatellite DNA variation and geolocation (tracking) data to test this hypothesis. We studied three small (130–200 g), very abundant, zooplanktivorous petrels (Procellariiformes, Aves), each sampled at two breeding populations that were widely separated (Atlantic and Indian Ocean sectors of the Southern Ocean) but differed in the degree of overlap in non-breeding distributions; the wintering areas of the two Antarctic prion (Pachyptila desolata) populations are separated by over 5000 km, whereas those of the blue petrels (Halobaena caerulea) and thin-billed prions (P. belcheri) show considerable overlap. Therefore, we expected the breeding populations of blue petrels and thin-billed prions to show high connectivity despite their geographical distance, and those of Antarctic prions to be genetically differentiated. Results: Microsatellite (at 18 loci) and cytochrome b sequence data suggested a lack of genetic structure in all three species. -
Order PROCELLARIIFORMES: Albatrosses, Petrels, Prions and Shearwaters Family PROCELLARIIDAE Leach
Text extracted from Gill B.J.; Bell, B.D.; Chambers, G.K.; Medway, D.G.; Palma, R.L.; Scofield, R.P.; Tennyson, A.J.D.; Worthy, T.H. 2010. Checklist of the birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica. 4th edition. Wellington, Te Papa Press and Ornithological Society of New Zealand. Pages 64, 78-79, 98-99 & 101-102. Order PROCELLARIIFORMES: Albatrosses, Petrels, Prions and Shearwaters Checklist Committee (1990) recognised three families within the Procellariiformes, however, four families are recognised here, with the reinstatement of Pelecanoididae, following many other recent authorities (e.g. Marchant & Higgins 1990, del Hoyo et al. 1992, Viot et al. 1993, Warham 1996: 484, Nunn & Stanley 1998, Dickinson 2003, Brooke 2004, Onley & Scofield 2007). The relationships of the families within the Procellariiformes are debated (e.g. Sibley & Alquist 1990, Christidis & Boles 1994, Nunn & Stanley 1998, Livezey & Zusi 2001, Kennedy & Page 2002, Rheindt & Austin 2005), so a traditional arrangement (Jouanin & Mougin 1979, Marchant & Higgins 1990, Warham 1990, del Hoyo et al. 1992, Warham 1996: 505, Dickinson 2003, Brooke 2004) has been adopted. The taxonomic recommendations (based on molecular analysis) on the Procellariiformes of Penhallurick & Wink (2004) have been heavily criticised (Rheindt & Austin 2005) and have seldom been followed here. Family PROCELLARIIDAE Leach: Fulmars, Petrels, Prions and Shearwaters Procellariidae Leach, 1820: Eleventh room. In Synopsis Contents British Museum 17th Edition, London: 68 – Type genus Procellaria Linnaeus, 1758. Subfamilies Procellariinae and Fulmarinae and shearwater subgenera Ardenna, Thyellodroma and Puffinus (as recognised by Checklist Committee 1990) are not accepted here given the lack of agreement about to which subgenera some species should be assigned (e.g. -
Falkland Islands Species List
Falkland Islands Species List Day Common Name Scientific Name x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1 BIRDS* 2 DUCKS, GEESE, & WATERFOWL Anseriformes - Anatidae 3 Black-necked Swan Cygnus melancoryphus 4 Coscoroba Swan Coscoroba coscoroba 5 Upland Goose Chloephaga picta 6 Kelp Goose Chloephaga hybrida 7 Ruddy-headed Goose Chloephaga rubidiceps 8 Flying Steamer-Duck Tachyeres patachonicus 9 Falkland Steamer-Duck Tachyeres brachypterus 10 Crested Duck Lophonetta specularioides 11 Chiloe Wigeon Anas sibilatrix 12 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 13 Cinnamon Teal Anas cyanoptera 14 Yellow-billed Pintail Anas georgica 15 Silver Teal Anas versicolor 16 Yellow-billed Teal Anas flavirostris 17 GREBES Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae 18 White-tufted Grebe Rollandia rolland 19 Silvery Grebe Podiceps occipitalis 20 PENGUINS Sphenisciformes - Spheniscidae 21 King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus 22 Gentoo Penguin Pygoscelis papua Cheesemans' Ecology Safaris Species List Updated: April 2017 Page 1 of 11 Day Common Name Scientific Name x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 23 Magellanic Penguin Spheniscus magellanicus 24 Macaroni Penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus 25 Southern Rockhopper Penguin Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome 26 ALBATROSSES Procellariiformes - Diomedeidae 27 Gray-headed Albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma 28 Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris 29 Royal Albatross (Southern) Diomedea epomophora epomophora 30 Royal Albatross (Northern) Diomedea epomophora sanfordi 31 Wandering Albatross (Snowy) Diomedea exulans exulans 32 Wandering -
The Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand & Australia
We had some amazing wildlife encounters during this tour, and charismatic King Penguins certainly performed. (Dani Lopez-Velasco) THE SUBANTARCTIC ISLANDS OF NEW ZEALAND & AUSTRALIA 14 NOVEMBER – 2 DECEMBER 2013 LEADER: DANI LOPEZ-VELASCO Unforgettable. That´s a good way of describing our 2013 Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand & Australia cruise. With 48 species of tubenoses seen this year - an all-time record for this cruise - this is surely the ultimate seabirding experience in the World, and it´s definitely a must for any seabird enthusiastic. Quite a 1 BirdQuest Tour Report: The Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand & Australia 2013 www.birdquest-tours.com selection of rare endemics occur in these remote islands, making it an obligatory visit for the world birder, and given the sheer numbers of wildlife, absolutely stunning scenery and outstanding photo opportunities, any nature lover will also find this a magical cruise. During our epic trip, we visited a succession of famous islands, whose names most of us had heard many times and evoked remoteness and masses of seabirds, but actually never thought we would ever set foot on: the Snares; the Auckland Islands; Macquarie Island; Campbell Island; the Antipodes Islands; the Bounty Islands and the Chatham Islands. Called by Heritage Expeditions ‘Birding Down Under’, our 18-day voyage aboard the Russian oceanographic research vessel Professor Khromov (renamed Spirit of Enderby by our New Zealand tour operator) took us to a series of tiny pieces of land in the vast Southern Ocean and treated us to extraordinaire numbers of penguins, albatrosses, petrels, storm petrels and shags, as well as some of the world’s rarest land birds. -
Western Australia Bird List
Western Australia Bird List EMU 063 Wilson's Storm-Petrel 187 Eastern Great Egret 143 Red-capped Plover 001 Emu 065 White-faced Storm-Petrel 186 Intermediate Egret 140 Double-banded Plover 066 Black-bellied Storm-Petrel 184 Great-billed Heron 139 Lesser Sand Plover MOUND BUILDERS 977 Cattle Egret 141 Greater Sand Plover 007 Malleefowl ALBATROSS 193 Striated Heron 142 Oriental Plover 006 Orange-footed Scrubfowl 086 Wandering Albatross 9945 Chinese Pond Heron 145 Inland Dotterel 974 Royal Albatross 190 Pied Heron 144 Black-fronted Dotterel QUAILS, PHEASANTS etc 088 Black-browed Albatross 188 White-faced Heron 138 Hooded Plover I 9939 Helmeted Guineafowl 091 Shy Albatross 185 Little Egret 132 Red-kneed Dotterel 009 Stubble Quail 090 Grey-headed Albatross 191 Eastern Reef Egret 135 Banded Lapwing 011 Brown Quail 089 Yellow-nosed Albatross 796 Black-crowned Night Heron 133 Masked Lapwing 012 King Quail 092 Sooty Albatross 192 Nankeen Night-Heron I 093 Light-mantled Sooty Albatross 178 Glossy Ibis 171 Comb-crested Jacana 903 Indian Peafowl 950 Common Pheasant I 179 Australian White Ibis 897 Pheasant-tailed Jacana PETRELS, PRIONS, SHEARWATERS 180 Straw-necked Ibis 929 Southern Giant-Petrel 181 Royal Spoonbill 170 Australian Painted Snipe WATERFOWL 199 Magpie Goose 937 Northern Giant-Petrel 182 Yellow-billed Spoonbill 168 Latham's Snipe 205 Plumed Whistling-Duck 074 Southern Fulmar 852 Pin-tailed Snipe 204 Wandering Whistling-Duck 949 Antarctic Petrel RAPTORS 169 Swinhoe's Snipe 217 Musk Duck 080 Cape Petrel 241 Eastern Osprey 152 Black-tailed -
A Biophysical Profile of the Tristan Da Cunha Archipelago (PDF)
A biophysical profile of Tristan da Cunha -Sue Scott - 2017 A Biophysical Profile of the Tristan da Cunha Archipelago Sue Scott Commissioned and reviewed by The Pew Charitable Trusts 2017 1 A biophysical profile of Tristan da Cunha -Sue Scott - 2017 Contents 1. Key information on Tristan da Cunha 7 2. Geophysical setting 11 2.1. Isolated islands 11 2.2. Geology and topography 11 2.3. Climate 17 3. The ecology and biodiversity of the marine ecosystems of Tristan da Cunha 21 3.1. The pelagic ecosystem 21 3.1.1. Oceanography and ecosystem productivity 21 3.1.2. Plankton and pelagic life 25 3.1.3. Pelagic fishes 27 3.2. Marine biological surveys 29 3.3. The coastal environment 32 3.3.1. The seabed 32 3.3.2. Tides 34 3.3.3. Seashore 35 3.3.4. Intertidal bedrock and stable boulders 35 3.3.5. Rock pools and channels 39 3.3.6. Boulder beaches 42 3.4. Shallow subtidal to 40m depth 43 3.5. Deeper subtidal 45 3.6. Deep sea 48 3.7. Diversity and biogeography of benthic biota 53 3.7.1. Diversity and biogeography of fish communities 53 3.7.2. Diversity and biogeography of invertebrates 57 3.7.3. Diversity and biogeography of macroalgae 60 4. Marine mammals of Tristan da Cunha 67 4.1. Introduction 67 4.2. Seals (order Carnivora) 68 4.2.1. Eared Seals (family Otariidae) 68 4.2.2 True Seals (family Phocidae) 70 4.2.3. Rare vagrant seals 72 4.3. -
Fulmars, Petrels, Prions and Shearwaters Procellariidae Leach, 1820: Eleventh Room
Text extracted from Gill B.J.; Bell, B.D.; Chambers, G.K.; Medway, D.G.; Palma, R.L.; Scofield, R.P.; Tennyson, A.J.D.; Worthy, T.H. 2010. Checklist of the birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica. 4th edition. Wellington, Te Papa Press and Ornithological Society of New Zealand. Pages 64, 78-79, 98-99 & 103-105. Order PROCELLARIIFORMES: Albatrosses, Petrels, Prions and Shearwaters Checklist Committee (1990) recognised three families within the Procellariiformes, however, four families are recognised here, with the reinstatement of Pelecanoididae, following many other recent authorities (e.g. Marchant & Higgins 1990, del Hoyo et al. 1992, Viot et al. 1993, Warham 1996: 484, Nunn & Stanley 1998, Dickinson 2003, Brooke 2004, Onley & Scofield 2007). The relationships of the families within the Procellariiformes are debated (e.g. Sibley & Alquist 1990, Christidis & Boles 1994, Nunn & Stanley 1998, Livezey & Zusi 2001, Kennedy & Page 2002, Rheindt & Austin 2005), so a traditional arrangement (Jouanin & Mougin 1979, Marchant & Higgins 1990, Warham 1990, del Hoyo et al. 1992, Warham 1996: 505, Dickinson 2003, Brooke 2004) has been adopted. The taxonomic recommendations (based on molecular analysis) on the Procellariiformes of Penhallurick & Wink (2004) have been heavily criticised (Rheindt & Austin 2005) and have seldom been followed here. Family PROCELLARIIDAE Leach: Fulmars, Petrels, Prions and Shearwaters Procellariidae Leach, 1820: Eleventh room. In Synopsis Contents British Museum 17th Edition, London: 68 – Type genus Procellaria Linnaeus, 1758. Subfamilies Procellariinae and Fulmarinae and shearwater subgenera Ardenna, Thyellodroma and Puffinus (as recognised by Checklist Committee 1990) are not accepted here given the lack of agreement about to which subgenera some species should be assigned (e.g. -
A Review of the Distribution and Size of Prion (Pachyptila Spp.) Colonies Throughout New Zealand
Tuhinga 27: 56–80 Copyright © Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (2016) A review of the distribution and size of prion (Pachyptila spp.) colonies throughout New Zealand Sarah E. Jamieson,*‡ Alan J.D. Tennyson,* Kerry-Jayne Wilson,** Elizabeth Crotty,* Colin M. Miskelly,* Graeme A. Taylor*** and Susan M. Waugh* *Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO Box 467, Wellington, New Zealand **West Coast Penguin Trust, PO Box 70, Charleston, West Coast, New Zealand ***Department of Conservation, PO Box 10420, Wellington, New Zealand ‡ Current address: Wildlife Research and Monitoring Section, Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, c/o Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada ABSTRACT: Prions are among of the most numerous birds of the Southern Ocean, and yet their populations are poorly documented. New Zealand has breeding populations of four of the six recognised species, all with large population sizes. The remaining two species occur naturally in the New Zealand zone but do not breed there. This review reports data collated from the scientific literature, government archives and unpublished information about the population sizes of prions gathered since earliest scientific records in New Zealand (1773, during James Cook’s second voyage) until the present day. The study focuses on breeding populations, and reports data about population size and presence or absence of prion populations from sites throughout the New Zealand region. The summary presented provides a solid baseline for future population assessments and identifies priority sites where future surveys are warranted. KEYWORDS: prions, Pachyptila, population sizes, population distribution, Procellariiformes, range, seabirds, New Zealand. -
Species List
SPECIES LIST Checklist of birds, seals and cetaceans possible on the Flock to Marion 2021 cruise 2021 Species with an asterisk* are only possible if we are granted our permit to enter the Marine Protected Area. Conservation status is gleaned from the IUCN Red List (www.iucnredlist.org) and is correct as of January 2020. LC = Least Concern, NT = Near-threatened, VU = Vulnerable, EN = Endangered, CR = Critically Endangered, DD = Data Deficient. Likelihood of sightings: Good Moderate Small Poor Conservation Conservation Common name Scientific name Likelihood Common name Scientific name Likelihood status status BIRDS Penguins Albatross African Penguin Spheniscus demersus EN Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross Thalassarche chlororhynchos EN Gentoo Penguin Pygoscelis papua LC Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris LC King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus LC Grey-headed Albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma EN Macaroni Penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus VU Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross Thalassarche carteri EN Southern Rockhopper Penguin Eudyptes chrysocome VU Light-mantled Albatross Phoebetria palpebrata NT Northern Royal Albatross Diomedea sanfordi EN Skuas Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta NT Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus LC Sooty Albatross Phoebetria fusca EN Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus LC Southern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomorhpa VU Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus LC Tristan Albatross Diomedea dabbenena CR Subantarctic (Brown) Skua Catharacta antartica LC Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans VU Terns Petrels -
Population Estimates of Burrow-Nesting Petrels Breeding at the Nightingale Island Group, Tristan Da Cunha Archipelago
Dilley et al.: Population estimates of burrow-nesting petrels in the Tristan Da Cunha Archipelago 267 POPULATION ESTIMATES OF BURROW-NESTING PETRELS BREEDING AT THE NIGHTINGALE ISLAND GROUP, TRISTAN DA CUNHA ARCHIPELAGO BEN J. DILLEY1,2*, DELIA DAVIES1,2, ALEX MITHAM2,3, TREVOR GLASS2, JULIAN REPETTO2, GEORGE SWAIN2 & PETER G. RYAN1 1FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa *([email protected]) 2Conservation Department, Government of Tristan da Cunha, Edinburgh of the Seven Seas, Tristan da Cunha TDCU 1ZZ, UK (South Atlantic Ocean) 3Current address: Government House, Stanley, Falklands, FIQQ 1ZZ, UK (South Atlantic Ocean) Received 11 July 2019, accepted 10 August 2019 ABSTRACT DILLEY, B.J., DAVIES, D., MITHAM, A., GLASS, T., REPETTO, J., SWAIN, G. & RYAN, P.G. 2019. Population estimates of burrow- nesting petrels breeding at the Nightingale Island group, Tristan da Cunha Archipelago. Marine Ornithology 47: 267–275. Nightingale is a group of three small, uninhabited islands in the central South Atlantic Ocean. The islands are free of introduced mammals and are largely pristine, supporting two endemic land birds as well as globally important populations of several species of seabirds. Seven species of burrow-nesting petrels are known to breed on the islands, including roughly 40 % of the world’s population of Great Shearwaters Ardenna gravis. We estimated burrow densities by systematically searching for their burrows in 5×5-m quadrats across the main island in the austral summer of 2015. A total of 1 789 petrel burrows fell within the 75 sample quadrats with an average density of 0.95 burrows∙m-2, suggesting that upwards of four million petrels breed on the main island.