THE NAVY Registered by Australia Post Publication No. NA 14$2,
SEPTEMBER 1981
I he \1u»a/ine tif The \avy I.vague of Australia EDITOR ROSSOILLETT PO BOX 653 DEE WHY. NSW 2099 THE PHONE: (02)982 1257 Roolttorod (of polling at o publication — C^otoaory A Reproduction in part or whole is torbidden without the permission of the Editor in writing PHILIP NAVY The magazine of the Navy League of Australia DIVING © Vol 43 SEPTEMBER, 1981 No 4 SERVICES
Approved SAA Hydro Test Station — No 75
I he \ Hitman first class torpedo boat. HMVS CfflLDEKS enroute WilliamstoHn to Westernpon Bay. CUiLDERSis one of 14 craft described in Colonial Torpedo Boats, beginning on page 25. (Photo — Historical Studies Section.) QUALITY CONTROL AUSTRALIAN STANDARD RATING 1823 FROST COYER
HMAS OXLEY, June, 1981. (Photo— Simon Page Prior.) Kdiiors Comment's 3 \atj Week Programme 5 PRECISION ENGINEERING IIMAS TOBRIK 6 Na*al Roundup II ADVERT SING AND PUBLICATION : Letters tu ihc Editor 14 The Dutchmen Who Stayed. 17 PERCIVA L PUBLISHINCi CO PTY LTD One of a kind - I SS TERROR 19 Manufacturers of: Workhorses of the RAN 22 BREATHING APPARATUS, FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT SYDNEY ADEIAK* PERTH PLATYPIS 23 KEiizabetriSt 17 CumcSt 5lh Floor, eagle House Colonial Torpedo Boats 25 & DIVING GEAR Waterloo A«iimi son to William Street. Perth. 6000 The Kuropean Report 33 NSW. 2017 Phone 51 6725 Phone 322 4072 The Na*> and the Natv League 37 Phone 699?6O0 Life Begins at r'orlj 39 Harpoon 40 MELBOURNE BfilSBANE HOtlART FULL RANGE OF SPARE PARTS FOR BREATHING EQUIPMENT, ETC Meet Week. 1938 42 Greenan PuWtCJtionS 3rd Floor 123 Hurray St Book Re*ie»s 45 PtyLld (60 Ann Street Hooart.7000 388 Bourke Street Brisbane. «UJ Phone 341096 HMS HOGUE 46 Phone 67146t Phone 31 2531 KN/A _ 40 Years of Senicr 49 MOST REASONABLE RATES Nat> League Cadet News 55 NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS T-. T'.i jr P',i MftAO I97df jmf,n(oio.c*fir 0"C!>»' 1 19*4 T>t»rart? mportant new p-onsinni m tn*t Ac wniCK CO< lain str ct .«ftu
September. 1981 THE NAVY Page One Editor's Comments
HIS ISSUE of i4The Navy" is the largest Tfor many years. Subjects covered range from the recently commissioned HMAS TOBRlk to Colonial Torpedo Boats of the 19th Centurv.
September, 1981, also marks the 40th anniversary of the establishment of the RNXN. The event has not been overlooked and a complete step hy step pictorial resume of the navy's development is featured. This issue also contains the latest news •—i from Britain and The Continent hy well-known naval writer An tony Preston. The recent Royal Navv defence cuts are fully described. a, —i A new series entitled "One of a Kind", begins in this issue of "The Navy", the first ship described being the minelayer USS II KROR Ihe RAN workhorses of the amphibious warship force — the l.C'H — are examined and illustrated.
This issue contains the first historical article by Cieoff Miller, accompanied nv the author's superb drawing of HMS HOGUE and a supplement to "K \ll the True Story", this time featuring the World War 11 Dutch submarines of Western Australia, which never returned home. >^ As usual, many persons and organisations have helped to tour of the RS/S's newest units are seen is thiso*erhead vim of produce "The Navy". These include, Harry Adlam, The the Calliope Dock at II MS AS PHILOMEL, Prom the front are Australian War Memorial. A. D. Baker III, HMAS Cerberus HMS/. Ships TARAPVSGA and TAKAPl (both suney Pu, Museum, Laurie Clarke, David Dimeut, Cieoff Ivans, Steve tenders) and HMN2 Ships TAIPO and PI KAKI. two of the Given, Tony Gra/ebrook. John Mackenzie. Geoffrey Miller, na*ie* LAKE dm patrol boats. All four >es\els entered dock for on John Mortimer. "Navy News", Navy Public Relations (Sydney a cleaning and maintenance period on Monday, MlhJtily. 1981. and Canberra). Antony Preston, the Royal Navy and Royal New (Photo - RNZN.) >^ Zealand Navy, JocSlrac/ek. Peter Williams and Ron Wright.
"The Navy" next issue will include a report on the coming defence budget plus articles on ihe USN "four stack" destroyers and the re-activation of the USN's Iowa class battleships. In War Deadline for the ship Pictorial we return 10 the World War Two era of army water transport squadrons, while "One of a Kind" will feature the most next issue will be unusual amphibious warfare ship designed and constructed in GO Australia. A further report from the European scene, plus the 9th November, 1981. regular RNZN article, naval round-up and book reviews will complete the magazine. o OLEX CABLES LTD C3 Full Range of Power, Instrumentation and Telecommunication Cable
OS 8 CARTER STREET, LIDCOMBE, NSW Phone: (02) 648 5100
PREFERRED CONTRACTORS TO THE RAN
Page Two September, 1961 September, 1M1 THE NAVY Page Three NAVY WEEK PROGRAMME, 1981 NEW SOUTH WALES VICTORIA SOUTH AUSTRALIA Monday. 28lh September Saturday, 3rd October Sunday. 27th September Command Band and Physical training VRC Race Meeting. T.onsdale, Church Service to be held at Christ displays, Sydney Square. 12.00 noon. I lemington. Church, North Adelaide, commencing at Tuesday. 29th September Sunday. 4th October 7.00 pm. All invited IOattend. As Monday. Church Service, Naval Association. St Monday, 28th September SPRINGS FRESHWATER Wednesday, 3Oih September Augustine's at 9.30 am. Ciolf Day. (Open to Naval and ex-Naval FROM SEA WATER Command Band & Physical training Sunday. 4th October personnel only.) From Precision Springs displays, Martin Piacc. 12.00 noon. Church Service. Naval Association. St Tuesday, 29th September Thursday, 1 si October Luke's, 11.00am. Open RTiht at HMAS ENCOUNTER, Changing of the Guard, Cenotaph, Sunday, 4th October commencing ai 7.00 pm. All members and & Martin Place. !2.00 noon. Fly past by Open D~al\ CFRBFRUS, HMAS friends are invited to come along and visit DRY AIR FROM Fleet Air Arm. 1.00 pm. Navy Week CERBERUS. the Navy at home and see live and Static SALT SPRAY SPRINGMESH Reception. HMAS Watson, 6.00pm, Monday, 5th October Displays from both RANR and Cadet Friday. 2nd October Golf Dav. Comm Comm, Waverlev personnel. Fire Fighting Displays and the From Met-L-Knit Company Command Band &. Physical training Golf Club. newly formed RANR Band performing. displays. Australia Square. 12.15 pm. Tuesday, 6lh October During ihe evening there will be refresh Historical display. No 2 Wharf, NOC V|C\ Reception, CERBERUS/- ments available for a stall to be run by the Wooloomooloo, 9.00.ini to 5.00 pm. LONSDALE, HMAS LONSDALE. 6.30 Navy League. Saturday, 3rd October pm. Wednesday. 30th September Garden Island Naval Base and range of SPRINGS AND RINGS Wednesday, 7thi October Naval Association Reception. GO DOWN TO THE ships open to public HMAShips Bowls Day. Comm Comm. Hampton (Invitation only.) FOR ARMAMENT Melbourne. Perth. Brisbane, Stalwart. SEA IN SHIPS" Bowling Club. Jervis Bay. Curlew and Ibis. Historical Naval Officers' Club Dinner. Wednesday. 7th October Display open. Diving, steam truck and (Invitation only.) Sailing Race, Navy league^ RVYC. Naval Police guard dog and sailing Thursday. 1st October displays. Wednesday. 7ih October Navy Week Reception. (Invitation You may never see us but Band Concert. VNB/I ONSDALF. only.) we are everywhere. Sunday, 4th October Civic Square, 1 unchlimc. Friday. 2nd Oclober As Saturday, plus submarine on show. Thursday. Sth October Wreath laying Service at the War We provide a silent service Church service ai St Andrew's Anglican Greyhounds, Fslaval Association, Memorial on North Terrace, commencing ( uthedral and Si Mary's Roman Catholic Sandown Park, evening. ai 12 noon. All invited to attend. yet we always perform. Cathedral, 10.10 am Friday. 9th October C ommiitec Lunch. Monday. 5th October Navy Week Ball, Comm Comm, Saturday. 3rd October As Saturday. Submarine on show. LONSDALE, 8.00 pm. Navy Week Race Day to be held at the SPRINGS AND COMPONENTS Saturday. 3rd October Saturday, IOth October Morphcttv ille Race Course. FOR ARRESTOR NETS _ Fleet Air Arm fly-past over Sydney Open Day - CASTI.EMA1NE, Mar Naval establishments in the Sydney area Trust, Williamstown. open to the public. Sunday, 1 Ith October Seafarers' Service, Mast. Mariners. Si WE ARE PROUD TO SERVE YOU Paul's. 10.30 am. Sunday. 11th October Commemoration Service. Comm Comm, Shrine, 2.30 pm. Sunday. I Ith October COMBINED PRECISION Re-Assembly, Comm Comm, HMAS LONSDALE, 3.30 pm. Saturday. 17ih October Trotting Night. Comm Comm, Moonec INDUSTRIES PTY LTD Valley, evening.
73-77 Falconer St, West Ryde, NSW 2114 Telex compre AA70032. Phone: (02) 80 0418 Supplier* of custom designed t-shirts Write for a no obligation Approved manufacturers and suppliers to Department of Defence & pannonts for all northern quote and samples to baied patrol boats and suit your ship or shore depots. baie. T 5Hir.T MCT9BV 339 SHERIDAN STREET. CAIRNS 4870
Page Four September, 1981 Page Five A roll-on/roll-off hull with a on(o a beach or onto a harbour quay. At strengthened deck extending the full (he stern a dual purpose stern door/ramp HMAS TOBRUK is an Amphibious length of the ship between the bow and is provided (o enable ramp to ramp // is now two months since the builder's yard under her own power sea trials and final fitting out the ship was Heavy Lift Ship designed for joint stern ramps enables (he carriage of up to operations with (he RAN's LCH and HMAS TOBRVK and proceeded down the Hunter River to handed over to the RAN on II April, amphibious and sea transport operations. 18 Leopard tanks on (his one deck. An Army LCM 8*s as well as more Newcastle. After successfully completing 1981. The design is an update of the British Sir extending bow ramp is contained behind conventional roll-on roll-off operations. Bedcere class and has been modified to commissioned into the Royal two horizontally opening bow doors and meet Australian requirements. Australian Navy at an this ramp can be hydrauiically lowered OPERATIONAL impressive ceremony at CAPABILITY Newcastle, NSW. Since then The upper deck forward of the bridge is equipped to serve as a helicopter flight' the new Amphibious Heavy deck and is (he primary helicopter Lift Ship has been involved in operating position. Helicopters up to the First of Class Flying Trials for size of the RAAF Chinook C-47A can be Navy, Army and Air Force landed and refuelled on this deck. Rotary wing aircraft can also be refuelled from helicopters and has undergone facilities on the after flight deck. This the first Assisted Maintenance fuelling can take place on deck or whilst period at her homeport, suitably equipped helicopters remain in the hover. The largest helicopter that can Brisbane. land on the after deck is the RAN's CONSTRUCTION Sea King. When there is a requirement to carry The contract to build TOBRUK was helicopters, the ship would usually awarded to ( amnglon Slipways Ply I id embark a flight of three Wessex 3IB in November. 1977. The first steel for the helicopters from the Naval Air Station at ship was nil on 1 September, 1978, and 13 Now ra. NSW. In these circumstances part days later prefabrication of the first of the tank deck would be utilised as a section's of the ship began at Carrington's hangar with the aircraft being lowered by- vjfd oi. the Hunter n\er at Tomago. The derrick down the after hatch. prefabricated sections were progressively The upper deck is also designed to serve added to the ship after being assembled as a vehicle stowage or landing craft using the upside-down method. The {LCM 8) stowage. Two 8'/: tonne cranes building site was a specially constructed are fitted forward and a 70 tonne lift Velle side-launch building berth from which the twin derrick aft. This derrick is capable of ship was spectacularly launched on I lifting the 65 tonne LCM 8, two of which March. I9K0. b\ Lady Cow en, wife of the can be stowed on cradles immediately Gotcrnof General. HMAS TOBRl K's i.CVP 77 approaches (he stern gate daring recent exercises. (Photo forward of the bridge. HMAS lOBKt h approaches theheach. (Photo - RAN.) On 16 December, 1980. TOBRUK left - HMAS TOBRUK.} Two landing craft vehicle and THE NAVY September. 1981 Page Six September, 1981 Page Seven Navy and the Australian Army units that personnel (LCVP's) arc carried ai davits. took place at the port of Tobruk during one on either side of the superstructure. the siege in 1941. This is reflected in the These 12 metre craft areGRP hulled with ship's badge, which depicts a desert water jet propulsion and provide foriress (symbolic of Fortress Tobruk) by TOBRUK with organic ship to shore the sea with the flag of St George flying movement. from the right lower. The cross of St Two pontoons can be carried to help George was shown on the battlements at bridge any gap between the ship's bow Tobruk during Operation Crusader, ramp and the shore when the ship is being which was an offensive sortie by the used in the beaching role. These 25 metre garrison to join up with the relief force. A pontoons, known as Naval Lighterage Crusader's flag was also flown from one Equipment (NLFJ), are carried on the of the Tobruk forts and although ship's side by means of a hinging Operation Crusader did not achieve the arrangement just above the waterlinc. relief of Tobruk. the flag was then kepi The) are raised by using a specially until the fortress was relieved after a 242 designed rig with the 70 tonne derrick. day siege. The accompanying motto is These pontoons can also be used as a raft "Faithful and Strong". to ferry equipment ashore with each The LSH is not the first RAN ship to carrying approximately 100 tonnes of proudly carry the name TOBRUK. The cargo. first was a Battle class destroyer which For joint Navy Army operations, a was built by the Cockatoo Docks and joint operations room is used. This has Engineering Company at Cockatoo Island facilities both for an Amphibious Group in Sydney. The keel was laid in August, Commander and for a landing Force 1946, and the ship commissioned into the Commander. RAN in May, 1950. For the first four A comprehensive array of communic years of service, HMAS TOBRUK ations equipment is fitted to support joint operated in Korean waters as part of the I he first "grounding" since commissioning. (Photo— RAN.) operations and the Communications United Nations Naval Forces engaged in Centre is staffed by both Navy and Army the Korean War. Subsequently, HMAS personnel. A Flying Control Centre is of the stem, activities at bow and stern PROPULSION situated on the port side below the bridge. TOBRUK undertook several tours of duty ramps as well as flying operations on the HMAS TOBRUK is fitted with twin as a unit of the Commonwealth Far East A feature of the ship's equipment is the after flight deck. In addition the Landing screws driven by two 4,800 shp Mirrlccs Strategic Reserve Forces. The ship paid use of closed circuit TV. TV monitor Force Commander can brief his troops by Blackstonc K Major diesel engines giving off into reserve in the early 1960s and was coverage is available to the Command on television using the display sited in the .4 repair rvco\en unit front 10 Terminal Regiment is discharged from the cargo hold. a speed in excess of 16 knots. The main declared for disposal in February, 1972. (Photo— RAN.) the bridge and to the Flying C ontrol and Troops Assembly area, which doubles as machinery and important auxiliaries are Loading Centre and covers the view ahead a cafeteria. controlled from an air-conditioned and sound-proofed control room, the two major machinery spaces being unmanned under normal conditions. To achieve this, a Honeywell surveillance system and Data Logger are installed. AUSTRALIAN DIVERS Control of the Main Engines and clutches is by a pneumatic control system exercised from the bridge, or if required, PTY LTD from the Machinery Control Room or local control positions. The bridge also Contractors to the has control of the 400 hp bow thrusier fitted to provide improved ship maneou- ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVY .rabilitv in confined waters. ACCOMMODATION Suppliers of all Diving Gear including Inflatable Vesls, Wet Suits, Bottles. The l.SH has a crew of 130. composed Agents for Bauer Compressor Equipment of both Army and Navy Personnel. The Army segment of the ship's company b made up of personnel from both the Royal Australian Corps of Transport and Royal Australian Signals. The landing force that can be accommodated varies in si/e depending upon the length of time troops are to be embarked. A total of 340 troops could live on board for lcngth> periods at ship's company standards, oi Telephone: (03) 419 5655 alternatively up to 500 can be embarked for short periods under "overload" conditions. or write HISTORICAL 292 HODDLE STREET BACKGROUND The name TOBRUK is an apt one foi ABBOTSFORD, VIC, 3067 During August 1981. HMAS JOBRlk discharged a \aried assortment the l.SH as it commemorates the close co vehicles onto lluka Beach. Jenis Bay. (Photo — RAN.) operation between the Royal Australian September. 198 September. 1981 Page Nine Page Eight THE NAVY NAVAL DREW AMEROID AUSTRALIA ;J§MM&> Marine chemical applications • Industrial water and waste • A company that has products in every corner of the world
AMEROYAL AMERET TOMORROW S ANSWER TO TODAY S EVAPORATIVE PROBLEMS HEAD OFFICE NSW 4& ' 108 Lilyfield Road, Rozelle, NSW. 2039. PO Box 192, Rozelle Navy Enquiries for Sales and Service Contact: Barry Davies on 82 1042. AH: 807 1893 *fft-''' '•_•
Contractors to The Royal Australian Nawy
t -c&*z
M»f 4S ( OOk mint in N.idnr.i for Mir first time. (Photo — RAK.) NEW OCEANOGRAPHIC SHIP IN SYDNE1 COOPER AIRMOTIVE Ihe Royal Australian \a\t \ net* oceanographic ship, the 2MM tonne HMA 5 COOK armed in Mdne. on M'lh June. I9HI. for the first time, nith nr» capabilities for oceanographic research. AUSTRALIA HMAS COOK, commanded by Captain Ian Puilar, is ihc firs, ship in the Australian fleet specifically designed and constructed for oceanographic research duties around the As Australia's major distributor of aircraft parts/materials COOPER Australian coast. Built and commissioned at Williamstown Naval AIRMOTIVE AUSTRALIA takes pride in serving the needs of the Royal Dockyard, HMAS COOK carries sophisticated equipment Australian Navy. including computers for recording and analysing scientific data, one of the world's first narrow beam echo sounders and facilities for carrying-out acoustic and seismic surveys. MELBOURNE COOK will allow Australian oceanographers to survey a much larger area of the oceans around Australia than in the past 30 Hawker St. Niddrie. 3042. because of the ship's endurance and her modern equipment. The Fhone: (03) 338 8322. Telex AA 32626 ship is equipped to make physical oceanographic measurements. Its hydrographic winches allow it to probe water depths up to 5 SYDNEY km to determine temperature, salinity and oxygen. 13 Willis St. Arncliffe. 2205. On board is a marine meteorological laboratory 10 launch Phone: (02) 599 3318. Telex AA 70099. balloons, measure wind speed, solar radiation and evaporation from the ocean. It is also equipped to make measurements of the BRISBANE sea floor — a new capability for any Australian ship. A 13 tonne 7Creswell St. Newstead. 4006 capacity winch, mounted in the hold, will allow long-cores to be Phone: (07) 52 7327. Telex AA 43057. taken from even the deepest ocean basin and at the same time a narrow beam echo sounder, one of the first in the world, w ill give a more detailed picture of the sea floor than has ?\cr been seen before. The Royal Australian Navy Research laboratory has < uptain Ian Puilar. < ommanding Officer of HMAS lOBRl k. launched an ambitious new programme for COOK (hat involves tPhoto— RAN.) Page Ten September. 1 September. 1981 THE Page Eleven University geo-stientists in the (ask of exploring the ocean around CONTRACT AWARDED FOR SUPPLY OF elements such as depot spares, missiles and ammunition, Australia. NAVY MINEHUNTER EQUIPMENT Australian industry participation, training, fares and allowances The Director of Marine Studies at the University of Sydney, for Servicemen and their dependents, maintenance and repair Professor C. M. Philip, said he expect* a large increase in marine A $12 million filed price contract has. been awarded to a capability, contingency and helicopters. West German firm for the supply of minehunling weapon research as a result of the co-operative programmes drawn up •The amount included in the project estimates for helicopters systems for two prototype minehunter catamarans for the Royal between the RAN Research Laboratory and the universities. is St84m. A team comprising RAN, RAAE and Defence Australian Sia*y. Initial occanographic research by COOK will involve Department officers recently visited the United Stales and Europe studying the large hot water eddies that float past Sydney In a joint announcement, the Minister for Defence. Mr D. J. to examine a range of aircraft. The data gathered is currently carrying warm water plankton to southern waters. being assessed." Scientists will relate their measurements from COOK with Killen, and the Minister for Administrative Services. Mr Kevin satellite pictures from Macquanc and Sydney Universities to keep Newman, said a contract for three systems had been awarded to Mr Killen said one element of the total project cost was the track of these eddies. Krupp-AilasElcktronik, of Bremen, in the federal Republic of sailaway cost of the ship. This was the cost of the completed ship, Germany. Advice on eddy positions are sent to Naval ships and to wiih its onboard spares, and its design and project managemem commercial shipping companies to allow them to better exploit The Ministers said the selection of the West German firm costs. the oceans. followed evaluation by the Department of Defence and the Department of Administrative Services after proposals had been "The sailaway cost of Ihe first two ships is expected to be (()<)K. wiih a ship's company oi ID officer* and ltxi sailors sought from Australian and overseas companies. No Australian Sl43m each." Mr Killen said. and with extra accommodation for up to 13 marine scientists was tenders were received. launched at Williamstown in 1977 by Mrs I) J Killen. wife of the "The sailaway COM of (he third ship is estimated at SI54m HMASSSIPt, January, 1980. (Photo- John Mortimer! Minister for Defence and commissioned late last year. Mr Killen said: "The minehunter catamaran is a unique and and (he fourth ship S202m a( January, 198I prices. The fourlh innovative Australian design. The ships* hulls will be constructed ship includes design enhancements made in later ships of the from a sandwich of plastic foam encased in fibrcglass. This is the class. MINEHUNTER HMAS SNIPE GROUNDED first lime a catamaran design has been u-.cd for a minehunter. ON CORAL REEF Contracts for the construction of the two prototype ships are "Payment for the first two ships is expected to be completed planned to be awarded to an Australian shipbuilder later this later this year, and therefore their sailaway cost will not be Ihe 489 tonne wooden-hull mine hunter HMAS SMPfc year." affected by future inflation and currency movement. The grounded on a coral reef in Sukualofa harbour on 3rd Jul}. Mr Killen said (hat the main elements of (he Krupp-Atlas sailaway cost of the later ships will continue to be affected by 1981, at the start of a three-day goodwill wvi'f to the Tongan minehunling weapon system were an advanced high definition these factors until final payment is made." Islands. sonar designed for minehunling. and a tactical data system to SNIPE, accompanied by her sister ship HMAS CURLEW inlegraie all ihe information necessary for the very precise and had just entered the harbour and was firing a 21 gun salute, when difficult task of detecting and classifying mines on the seabed. she grounded on Monti reef, damaging both propellers An initial "Data from the sonar is fed to the tactical data system where report from the ship indicated that there was no damage to the ihe information, together with data from precision navigation hull, and there were no casualties, A Naval Board of Inquiry has equipment, is used to determine (he exact geographical location been convened to investigate the incident. of mines. "The information is presented to ihe operator on a tactical display, and may also be recorded for future use. "Once a mine has been located n can be destroyed by an THIRD FREMANTLE CLASS PATROL explosive charge laid by a remotely-controlled submersible BOAT COMMISSIONED vehicle." Mr Killen said that (he new minehunling weapon systems HMAS TOWNSViLLE, ihe seeond of the RAW new would he containerised for easy handling and maintenance and to Tremantle class patrol boats to be built in Australia, and the third allow rapid replacement or removal from the catamarans so lhat of its class, mas commissioned on Saturday. 18th July, 1981, at they could perform alternative roles. Cairns, Queensland. Krupp-Atlas had acccpied a contractual obligation to HMAS TRr MAS RJ at sea? So. just one of the tttaw models The 42-metre patrol boat was launched on 16th May, 1981, achieve a level of Australian indusirv participation of more than which were recently on display at IS PI HI II The model »*s by Lady Ramsay, wife of the Governor of Queensland. .14 per cent of (he value of (he contract. made by a Mr I emon. who vonstruited it from photograph* and Commodore Sir James Ramsay, at North Queensland Engineers This would be achieved by Australian participation in without the aid of plans. (Photo - TS PIRTH.) and Agents Piv Ltd's hipvard at Cairns. various aspects of ihe manufacture and assembly of the weapon The commanding officer of the new HMAS TOWNSVILLE systems, logcthcr with an offset programme for ihe manufacture is Lieutenant Ian Watts, of Wavcll Heights. Brisbane. by Australian companies of Krupp Atlas electronic equipment for world-wide sale. The minehunter catamaran had been designed in Australia as Hrst Westland Tynx for ihe German \a*y. (Pho Westland.) a replacement for (he RAN's British-built TON Class NEW ANGLO-ITALIAN HELICOPTER minchunicrs. .i The new Anglo-Italian helicopter designed to meet the HANDOVER OF FIRST WESTLAND LYNX growing submarine threat, the EH Industries' r'.HIOI, has been TO FEDERAL GERMAN NAVY ghen the go-ahead by the British and Italian Governments. REVISED PROJECT COST FOR NAVY'S A contract has been given to EH Industries to start a nine- The first of 12 Westland Lynx helicopters ordered for service month project definition phase. EH I is the joint company formed FFGs with Ihe federal German Sgvy was formally handed over at the by Westland and Agusta to manage work on the EH 101. This ( pdated project costs for the four guided missile frigates manufacturer's Yeovil factory on ISthJune. 1981. company will place work immediately on a 50/50 basis with being built in the I'niled Slates for the Royal Australian \n*y Westland and Agusta who hate been working together on the were recently announced ft; the Minister for IMence, Mr D. J. In service the Lynx helicopters will operate from the new project for the last two years. Killen. Fl 22 frigates, currendy under construction. The Lynx primary The new helicopter will fulfil civil, military and naval roles role is anti-submarine warfare, for which a new lightweight "The project cost for the four ships ai January, 1981, prices and will replace the Royal Navy's Westland Sea Kings in UK and dipping sonar, the Bendix AN/AQS 18, has been developed is estimated as SI.063m. compared with SI.041m at January, the Marina Militare Italiana SH3D helicopters in Italy. under a German Ministry of Defence contract. In addition, the 1980. prices — an increase of S22m," Mr Killen said. Preliminary studies by Westland and Agusta indicate (hat EHIOI Lynx will be used in the surface surveillance role, and has search "The increase in the project cosi is entirety the result of *ill be an advanced 3-cngined helicopter in the 26,000 to 28,000 and rescue capability. inflation and exchange variations, and represents no increase in lb class. A comprehensive market survey conducted by the two real terms. - ...... lisrifc boat companies shows ihe prospective market for the EHI01 in its The Ecderal German Navy already operates 22 Westland Sea "The project cost is made up of the sailaway cost and other King helicopters in ihe search and rescue role, based at Kiel. A port .ide wf« of a So.id OSA ,/»-. guided mi^ilc patrol various roles to be 750 helicopters. equipped n a radii, controlled frgel. (Photo - USN. I September. 1981 THE NAVY Page Thirteen Page Twelve THE NAVY September. 1961 The Producer. what the West needs is an extension of with other ships as it can provide, apart carried from the air except when covert "Nationwide". collective-defence efforts to embrace all from air support for the force, equipment intelligence is requir. the submarine is tpthe Australian Broadcasting Commission, common-interest countries including our to co-ordinate and use to best advantage then very useful. Gordon Street, FUternwick. Vic 3185 own. the variety of weapons available in the To compare, as was attempted on Dear Producer, The "Nationwide" programme was accompanying ships, either offensively or "Nationwide", patrol boats and
AS. API and IOS specifications are manufactured Tensite grades extend to 2250 MPa (146 long tons/square inch) when special high breaking forces are required. Special fittings can be supplied and AWI supplies to all parts of the world
AUSTRALIAN WIRE INDUSTRIES PTY LTD
4th Floor. Underwood House. 37-49 Pitt Street. Sydney. NSW 2001. Australia Cables WIREMILLS. Sydney Telex AA21787 — Telephone (02) 27 5792
A brotdsidr tint at I
Starboard quarter \ien The minelayer at Mare Island. A single J inch gun has heen added between H mount taken in San Tramiseo and the bridge. Ray. 9th August. 1943. theatre of war involved duties as a combination transport-cargo ship and as a command and support ship for minesweepers, in addition to her designed role. While operating as a mine force command ship. TERROR embarked up to 165 flag personnel, as well as her normal ship's complement of 481 officers and men Early in December. 1943. TERROR proceeded to Tarawa to provide heavy equipment and mines for mining At sea after alterations, 9th August, 1945. operations. After returning to San Francisco, she sailed to the Marshall Islands for mine-laying operations before drydocking and overhaul in San Francisco, i urther modifications to the ship were undertaken at Pearl Harbour to accommodate the staff of Commander, Minecraft Pacific Fleet, between November. 1944 and January. 1945. On 1st May. TERROR was struck by a Japanese Kamika/e aircraft which also d.-opped two exploding bombs, one into the communications platform and a second penetrating the main deck. The aircraft's engine also tore through the ship's bulkheads to land in the wardroom. To avoid explosions all magazines were Amidships »*>» of CSS TERROR, 5th August, I94S, during her refit to repair battle flooded. Although no engineering damage inflkted by kamikazes. Broadside, 9th August. 1945. September. 1981 THE NAVY Page Twenty THE NAVY September, 1981 Page Twenty-One . jp . .ywJjfc.,; v**** " r<.
Following completion in 1971, BAI IK PAPA N undertook a with two spare hunks whilst six berth caravans can also be series of trials for the Army. In early 1972. a combined Navy and carried. 4 « rV— it... Army crew manned the vessel. Although the first LCH to The design of the landing craft has resulted in a box-like flat complete she was actually the last to commission into naval keel which, in any moderate seaway, causes the LCH to roll service. considerably. Despite this drawback, the Squadron has fcxicnded amphibious sorties by the six LCH's are regularly accomplished (asks from the tropic waters of northern Australia undertaken. With their large freezer spaces and an evaporator to to Adelaide and the Great Australian Bight. Other cruises have provide an additional I1.' tonnes of water per day. operations sent (he crafl up Papua New Guinea's Fly River, lo Lord Howe *V ^ta^.W****'^ around the continent can be achieved. All LCH's arc provided Island. Darwin and Indonesia, as well as hydrographic work in (he Pacific Ocean. The versatility of (he LCH and (heir comparative youth should see the majority remain in full commission at least until the late 1980s. Working in conjunction with the lar^e amphibious warfare ship. HMAS TOBRUK. (he LCH's provide the RAN with a significant amphibious capability. H%Ms«4//AP4P4V/Ph Since fne ea/7y 1970s, the primary amphibious force of the Royal Australian Navy has been vested in the 323-tonne landing craft heavy of which six are currently in commission. Eight LCH's were ordered in 1969 for the Australian Army Water Transport Squadrons, but only the first. BALIKPAPAS would be army manned. All eight crafl vvere constructed by Walkers Ltd, Miry- borough and commissioned by 1974. In November, BUNA and SALAMALA were transferred to the Papua New Guinea
HMAS I Mil \S beached to recci\c 4r/n» equipment. {Photo - RAS.i
Defence Force. The six LCHs remaining in Australian commission, BA1 IKPAPAN. BI-TANO. BRUNEI, I.ABUAN. IARAKAN and WEWAK, form the First Australian landing Craft Squadron, based at MM AS Motcton on the Brisbane River. Each I CH is an all welded twin screw vessel, employed to transport cargo and supplies from ships lying offshore to water terminals. As designed each I CH is 44.5 metres in length, with a beam of 10.1 metres. Two General Motors diescls driving twin screws give a top speed of 10 knots. Two 0.5 inch Browning machine guns are carried. The maximum cargo load of the I CH is dependant on the load fuel balance and varies between 140 to 180 tonnes. With a typical load of 175 tonnes the LCH can steam over 1,300 miles, increasing to 2,280 miles when a load of 150 tonnes is carried. In respect to Army equipment, a typical load would M 11J armoured personnel carriers nith HMAS BETA SO, comprise three battle tanks, or 2.1 quatter-tonne trucks, or four January, 1981. f Photo — Stall ancastcr.) I.ARC Vs or 13 Mil? armoured personnel carriers. All cargo is received over the bow ramp which is raised while underway.
HMAS TARAkA S leads three Army landing craft into Sydney Harbour after a fheday. 1100 kilometre passage from Hohart in HMASHRl St.l.tPhoio-RAN.I M.4/.4.S HF.H.4A. August. WHO. {Photo - Ross (iitlctt.) December. 1977. {Photo — RAN.) PageTwenly-Two THE NAVY September. 1981 September. 1981 THE Page Twenty-Three Colonial Vickers Cockatoo Dockyard Ramsay is here! Torpedo Serving the navies of the world since 1857 Boats That s a long time Long enough to prove our Ramsay Fibregiass Australasia is a new division ol b> HARRY A IMAM experience Long enough for us to grow with •Carnngton Slipways Pty Ltd It was a Meiboumebased company thai bunt an enviable reputation for its sports ski the Navy with its advanced technical needs, and boats Since its acquisition by Carnngton Slipways a new increasingly complex ships and submarines type of pleasure boat has been designed and built and was THt: Royal Australian \a\y Vickers Cockatoo Dockyard offers c released at the 1980 Melbourne Boat Show Production will comprehensive design, shipbuilding, ship- begin in September But with the move to a huge new 1 is primarily a small ship repair, and general engineering service facility at Tomago near Newcastle. Ramsay will extend its production and design skills into building much larger boats /MM, the only large fighting including trawlers, vessels lor defence and surveillance, unit heing the flagship HMAS large workboats. etc and large and heavy industrial mouldings m reinforced plastic Ramsay Fibregiass oilers MELBOURNE* Other large extensive services m fibregiass moulding and construction I In \<-M south Wales torpedo hoal \l lit Ht)\ approaches the training ship HSU* 0 units are in commission, hut Have you got a challenge for them MOI%tHr\r (or the arrhal of the (. ernor. Her sistership AVERNVS lies they are auxiliary (or support) alongside the flagship, tl'hot - Ross Gitkil collection.! ships. now on. anv battleship or cruiser that successful type. The names given to the Indeed, the circle seems 10 have been dared to emerge from her home port was boats were ACHERON and AVERNUS. completed when we consider thai in the at the mercy of the deadly torpedo boat. names linked with ancient mythology. days before Federation, the States that Dial was the theory, but it was io take Acheron was the river of Hell, and maintained naval forces kept small ship the Great War of 1914-1918 to sec just Avernus a lake in Italy from whence the fleets. The exception was, of course. how deadly the torpedo could be. In that river was supposed to have begun. As for South Australia, which provided itself conflict the toipedo was launched mainly the boats themselves, they were very Fleet Underway with one small cruiser. from submarines, bui then again, the "narrow gutted", being 80 feet long with Replenishment Ship (AOR) currently under I he small ship of those now far off submarine was first known as the a beam of 10 feel 3 inches. Driven by a days was the torpedo boat, which submersible torpedo boat, so the 18'h single screw, they had a speed of 16 knots. construction. corresponds wilh today*! frigate or theory was actually correct. The reciprocating machinery was of the Length: 157 2m; Beam 21 2m; Draught: 8 65m: destroyer-escort, riie first torpedo boat, What is usually overlooked is the fact surface condensing type developing 300 Main Engines: 2 Pielstick PC 2/5. Nominal rated as such and IO he commissioned inlo thai in 1879. the New South Wales ihp. Po.ver 15.000KW ihe Royal Navy, was HMS LIGHTNING. Government built two of these new craft The armament consisted of (wo sets of a small hoat built in 1876 by the well- in Sydney. The Colonials were there right dropping gear for 14 inch Whitehead known Ihomycorft yard. In this new era from the start! torpedoes, as well as being fitted to carry ol naval warfare, the torpedo was The boats were constructed by the Atlas the spar torpedo. In April, 1885, both considered to be the ultimate weapon, and Inginecring Works in (he Haymarket. boats were reported as being in a bad state the torpedo-carrying craft thought io be Sydney. Both were built to a Thornycroft of repair. This seems rather odd, as both the most important part of the fleet, I rom design and from all accounts were of a were only seven-vears-old. In April, 1885, QVicicers ACHERON and AVERNUS were docked in ihe Ht/roy Dock at Cockatoo Island, and in May of the same year were taken in Vickers Cockatoo Dockyard hand by Moris Dock for the fitting of the spar torpedo gear. Pty Limited The spar torpedo had been tested during the American Civil War. and good A member of the: results obtained. It was a very expensive Vickers Group of Companies in Australia type of torpedo, as io secure a hit usually meant the loss of (he torpedo boat. The spar torpedo was in fac( an explosive RAMSAY FIBREGLASS charge suspended from a long pole, or COCKATOO ISLAND spar, pushed out over the bow of the torpedo boat. When the charge was NSW. 2000 pushed against the target ship it could be AUSTRALASIA fired either by percussion or remote relegrams & Cables: operation, (usually by a pull on a long CODOCK, Sydney A Division of: lanyard). Carnngton Slipways Pty Ltd In respect to the dropping gear, the Telephone: 827 9201 LAVERICK AVE. TOMAGO torpedo was of the locomotive type. When the boat's skipper decided he was Telex: AA21833 NEWCASTLE, 2322 close enough to the target, he i.ierely Telephone: (049) 64 8238 dropped the "fish torpedo" inio the HMCS \EFEAN, 1905. (Photo HMASCI RHbRllS Museum ' water and then went hard astern. In both September. ieptember. 1961 Page Twenty-Four THE NAVY THE NAVY Page Twenty-Five Proud to be Associated as a Supplier to the Royal Australian Navy A ZZZ W.H.S. TRADING PTY LTD
HMCSLOSSDAI.Eatspew*, tl'hoto- HMASChRBlRL'SMuscjm.) 16 GARLING ROAD, MARAYONG. NSW 2148 cases the boat had lo he aimed al ihe The New Soulh Wales pair were handed sold out ol service in i**u. apparently not target, although the dropping operation over to the Commonwealth Government being used by the new Commonwealth Telephone:671 4155 ai least gave ihe boat a sporting chance of upon Federation, still in good working Naval force- Their ultimate fates are TELEX: AA 26084 survival. order Despite their condition, boih were uncertain. Wc do know that ACHERON was sold for £425.0.0, while AVHRNUS fetched £502.0.0. It has been reported Sole Australian Agent tor West German and Swiss Quality Products that one of (he boats was taken over by the (Quarantine Service and renamed JENNER. Under this name she was sighted at Drummovnc in 19.(0, but after ROHM Chucking Tools. VALLORBE Swiss Precision Files. thai seems to have vanished. In 1922. it EISELE Metal Cutting Saws. was decided to remove the hull of a WOHLHAUPTER Facing and Booring Heads torpedo boat from the beach at Double Bay and dump it in the Ko/etle Bay WINTER Diamond Tools and Saw Blades. reclamation area. This mav have been HENSEL Stone Working Machinery and Abrasives carried out. but at a much later date, as this craft was seen in the Bay as late as 1931.
I he other colonies also ordered torpedo boats in 1883. but these were not built locally. The largest class comprised eight second class boats constructed by Thornycroft during 1883-84, four to the order of the New Zealand Government and four for the Australian Colonics. The eight boats were identical in dimensions, RORKE VALVES but differed in their funnel arrangement. / i/fijf forlorn .mil ne^levted in llohurt. thv lasmanian torpedo boat IB N« I. tl'hoto — Historical Studies Section. I PTY LTD 29-31 Lavina Street, Athol Park, SA5012 Telephone: (08) 47 3030; 47 4630 Manufacturers of Marine Valves
APPROVED CONTRACTORS TO THE RAN
HMCS / OSSDALEal >»MH l-iand. 1905. (Photo - HMAS CERBERUS Museum.) Page Twenty-Six THE NAVY September. September. 1981 THE NAVY Page Twenty-Seven In retrospect it must be said that the eight boats were a cosily experiment. • Even as early as 1883, there were doubts about their value. The Admiralty mHIKIMi t.KAV - ~ r- — informed the New Zealand Government lhat the boats were not the type which would have been approved had they been ' >^"^^"~F informed beforehand. The New Zealand Minister of Defence received a rude shock when told that craft such as these had not been tested by actually firing a torpedo.
All ten boats described to this point Armed to the teeth, the torpedo launch HM\S GOkWON, (Photo — Peter W illutms J were classified as second class torpedo boats, designed for harbour dclcnce. First pair of cradles for each torpedo at the their days being pulled to pieces on the class boats were designed as sea-going. level of the deck. When the "fish" was hanks of the Yarra River after having suitable for attacking ships at sea. W'ith released, the starting mechanism was spent some time beached on Swan Island. the purchase of their two second class tripped and the torpedo ran under its own MOSQUITO managed to hold out until boats, the Victorian Government placed power. There is a report of MOSQUITO 1913. when she was reported as being an order for one first class boat. The actually firing two spar torpedoes. In this hulked in the Brisbane River. The four vessel named CHILDERS would see instance the target was a pile in the New Zealand boats were all hroken up by considerable service under three different Brisbane River. MOSQUITO approached 1904. ow ners. the pile, went astern to check her speed and neatly touched the target, probably with a reduced charge being used. However the exercise could not allow for the target ship firing at the attacking MOSQUITO with every gun that could be brought to bear. Just how good the second class torpedo boats were is a matter of opinion. As early knots. We can expect lhat the Ausiralian Basically ihey were ft* feet ton*, with J and 171. I he names of TAMIOHA (IftX), as J 885. the Commandant of the New 7 boats would have behaved in much the beam of feci ft inches. Nol much of the TA1AKOA (169). ARAI TE URL (170) Zealand Military Forces admitted that the same manner. It is interesting to note thai boats Mere actually in the water, the and JI R VOIS (171) wen allotted. spar torpedo was of little value and a during the tesl no indicator diagrams were draught forward being only 13 inches, These four were followed by yard report by an inspecting officer in 1893 taken, so naturally no ihp was recorded. and the draught aft a mere 3 feel 3 inches. numbers 189. which became NEPEAN. throws some doubt on ihe value of the The boats are generally accepted to have The displacement was 12 ions, slightly less and 190 1 ONSOALE, for the Colony of boats themselves as far as the dropping of been capable of 150 ihp. Evidently the than AC HERON and AVERNUS. which Victoria. Yard number 191 became TB torpedoes was concerned. No. I for Tasmania and 193 MOSQUITO tests were less exhaustive than those of displaced 16 tons. The inspecting officer, stated that the for the Queensland Maritime Defence modern times. A note ai (he bottom of The New Zealand four were ordered as boats could not live in any seaway and if a Force. |7|*i test sheet stated . . . "The spar torpedo boats, one only being fitted machinery and boiler worked in a torpedo was dropped the boat would The official test of No. 171. JERVOIS, wiih dropping gear at a later dale. satisfactory manner. I here was no priming capsi/e. It was further added that even in provides some idea of the boat's Reports concerning the Australian or leaky tubes. Total time under way at calm weaihcr it would be very risky to operation. With the boiler pressure at 132 Colonial boats mention dropping gear, full speed, about 35 minutes." drop a torpedo without having men on but all probably were ordered as spar psi. the engine turned over at a mean of deck to change sides to counterbalance torpedo boats. The first group ordered ft3l rpm, giving a speed of 17.342 knots as As far as the Australian boats were the loss of weight. Evidently the only way concerned, all four were fined with were for New Zealand, being given the the mean speed. The highest rpm was 639 to use the boats was to drop both torpedo dropping gear. This was simply a Thornycroft yard numbers 168. 169. 170 and the highest speed attained 17.380 torpedoes at the same time, a very wasteful operation. The Australian four enjoyed sedate lives and were transferred to the Commonwealth Naval Forces in 1901. Their fates varied and with (he exception of the Tasmanian boat remained in their original pons. TB Nol spend most of her •:i!i.* in a boatshed at Hobart seeing linlc activity. In 1905, the Director of the Commonwealth Naval Forces. Captain W. R. Creswell decided that TB No I should be transferred to Port Adelaide for training duties. Subsequently it appears trial the CNF had second thoughts about her employment there being no mention If TB No. I in Creswell\ 1906 report. TB No. I ultimately became a hulk in the Harbour Board's boatyard.
NEPEAN and LONSDALE were evidently regarded as of linle use to the 4 fine silhouette of the \ ictorian first class boat. HW\s t HII IftHS. Sole torpedo in the hunching position. (Photo — I at rob? CNF and in 1903 were put up for auction. Captain Cresnell. ( ommandant of the Commonwealth \a*al forces on hoard the I ibrary. I There were no takers. Both finally ended '•Countess". (Photo — HMASCFRPERUS Museum.) September. 1961 Page Twenty-Eight September. 1981 THE NAVY Pafle Twenty-Nine ((.Hi: by Thornycroft as Yard No 172, GORDON was raised but evidently found CHILDERS was a much larger vessel to be too far damaged to merit repairs. lhan NEPEAN or LONSDALE. She was MIDGE was built by order of the I EH Tcei long with a beam of 12 feel 2 Queensland Government, and was inches and a draught of 5 feet K inches. described as a picket boat. She carried She displaced 60 ions and her 750 ihp two sets of dropping gear and could engines would gise a speed of 20 knols. mount machine guns if required. She C HILDERS carried a torpedo tube in ihc arrived in Brisbane in 1888. having been launched in the United Kingdom the bows and a single revolving deck mounted previous year. On 27th June, 1888. she tube aft. She also carried four set* of carried out her steaming trials on the dropping gear and two I pounder Brisbane River achieving a speed of 15 Hotchkiss guns CHILDERS saw service knots. MIDGE lasted through to the wilh the Victorian Navy, the CNF and the formation of the RAN. being deleted m RAN. She was employed in the early part NMASCOl STtSSOf HOPt iTM V 1919. (Photo Historical Studies Section.) 1912. She was sold withoul her machinery of the Great War until declared obsolete which was installed in the RAN's about WI6. Hulked on Swan Island she Engineering school at Williamstown. was eventually sold in August 191R for a Victoria. mere £20.0.0. In 1891 the Victorian Navy look As can be seen by the fleet lists of the delivery of another first class boat, the various colonial governments, lorpedo largest torpedo boat to be acquired bv anv craft were very much in favour in the pre- federaiion era. Maybe the choice of boats of the colonies. Named COUNTESS OF was not good, bui ai least ihere were some HOPETOUN, she was built by Yarrow far sighted men who were ready to "give and launched in 1891 She was larger than it a go" and in the case of New South (HILDERS. being 130 feel long with a Wales, they were ready and capable of beam of 13 feet 6 inches and a draught of building ihe ships themselves. Just how 7 feet 4 inches. A single screw drove her at the colonies decided on the Thornycroft 21 knots with 1186 ihp. Armament boats is noi known as there was no greal consisted of a bow torpedo tube, a twin acceptance of this type of warship by the resolving deck tube aft. four sets of Admiralty. Possibly price vindicated dropping gear and two I inch Nordenfelt choice. The New South Wales pair cost guns. the colony a loial of £8,784.0.0 whilst the Boih CHILDERS and COUNTESS OF Thornycroft boats ran out ai £1.300.0.0 HOPETOUN made delivery voyages on each. However, ihe latter were smaller their own keels while the second class than ihe New South Wales pair which boats arrived as deck cargo. COUNTESS were designed IO accommodate their OF HOPETOUN was christened on crews onboard. Ihe New South Wales arrival in Victoria in a most unusual boats were warmly received when first manner. Instead of having a bottle of built, being well sub-divided with ten wine smashed against her bows, the bottle watertight «.ompariments. Whatever the was suspended over the stem and reason, the 6.1 foot Thornycroft boats do not appear to have been a greal success, Exercises completed the torpedo is reentered jnd secured aboard. (Photo - HMAS shattered by firing the bow torpedo. although New Zealand opinion was that (7-KIM Rt s Museum.I The Countess, as she was usually known, served through the changes from there was a use for them in night the Victorian Navy, the CNF. and the operations "giving to the defence a great RAN. She saw service in the Great War moral effect". They could also be used as and was present at the inspection of the fast guard boats. Australian Squadron by the Prince of The colonial torpedo boats were never Wales in Port Phillip in 1920. The called upon to engage in actual hostile Countess was retained as a training ship at actions, although CHILDERS was sent to Williamstown, Victoria until sold in Suakin on her delivery voyage bui was not April. 1924, for £299.0.0. Her original required lor operations. One can imagine cost was £12.500.0 when purchased, so just how these frail craft would have fared she brought marginally more than should ihcy have attacked an enemy fleet. CHILDERS when sold as scrap. For Their light hulls would have s:ood little many years the Countess's main engine chance against the gunfire of a battleship was in use at the Gordon Institute of or cruiser, h was standard practice to Technology at Gcelong where engine mouni an anti-torpedo boai battery in all drivers learned how to adjust lap and ships of any si/e, the torpedo gunboats learn on (his historic relic. being armed wiih four .1 pounders for this Before concluding mention must also verv purpose. The third class cruisers be made of GORDON and MIDGE. The mounted eight 3 pounders and ihc size of former was built for the Victorian fleet by the battery increased with the ship. J. S. White of Cowes and was described as a turnabout torpedo launch of wooden Despite the boat's limitations, greal construction. A 12 ton boat. 56 f*et long respect must be held for the Colonial with a beam of 10 feet 6 inches, she was Governments of the day io invest in these armed with two sets of dropping gear. small warships. The money could have Her end came in November, 1914, when been put to good use elsewhere, but the t*in revolting torpedo tubes onboard the "Countess". (Photo — HMAS she was rammed and sunk at defence was very important and the Burt at Snan Island ( Ol A 77.VS Or HOPKTOl A is secured and the gear i t Mil M 5 Museum! Williamstown by a picket boat. Colonials wanted to play their pan. (Photo — HMASCIRHI Rl S Museum.) September. 198* September. 1981 Page Thirty THE NAVY THE NAVY Paoe Thirty-One -. m < — B THE EUROPEAN REPORT Lifting gear ',;> f Naval News from the Continent )< u ! Manufacturers: % • U.. by ANTONY PRKSTON* Sheave Blocks I A). Load Binders IB) '/ 1 Shackles (CI, Swivels (Dl Turnbuckles (E) Rigging Screws (Fl, Wire Rope Slings IGI. ROYAL NAVY Webbing Slings (H). Mast Assemblies & Other /tla The nesss of nu.uir cms threatened fur the Royal \»>i has FORGED Lilting Components understandably created gloom and despondency osera widearea. •Br Wiih the British currently providing 70 per cent of the forces Distributors: r *& w • in Ihc Eastern Atlantic, both the United States and NATO ire Australian Wire Rope. Here Alloy Chain /•k : fl alarmed. NATO is already overstretched in the Atlantic and Anchor Cham Blocks s Natural and Synthetic j^9 would he unahle to replace ihc multi-role capahilitv provided by Fibre Ropes ^•aaVF ifi IhcRN. NATA Endorsed Testing Laboratories © F fr \ A NOBLE & SON LTD grjtnr y? Head Office: i M) c s7 80 Grand Junction Road, Kilburn. South ^=; i^-4j Australia Bf3c=t5 ^**.~4£ * Telephone (08) 262 2101 Telex AA8224? ^* Victoria: E Telephone (03) 546 521 1 Telex AA33874
Alto at Whyalla South Australia. Karratha "^Ito3 „;„ . rr VMS FEARLESS. (Photo- John Mortimer.) HMS 'MINCIBlr on sea trials. (Photo — Muinfri of Western Australia. Smganore H - Defence.! ~ Having said that, Ihc proposals which leaked out in the British press on May 18 were as follows: To lav up the new ''""nl> ["« perennial rivalry between the Ait Force and the Navv. support carriers INVINCIBLE and ILLUSTRIOUS, 10 scrap or ' md by lhc "ucltar submarine lobby to get its hands on the sell the third ship ARK ROYAL and to spend no further money "°"'' ''narc of lhc naval nud8c' The total defence budgel is not on up-dating the surface fleet. The only money spent would be on f^lual!> shrinking, hut the British, like every other country trying expanding the nuclear submarine strength. By 1985. this would to maintain high-quality defence forces, arc faced with massive result in the following: inflation of costs. Rumours percolating from Whitehall indicate 2 support carriers (m reserve) that the nuclear submariners arc convinced that their hunter- l4DDGs(Type42> killers and the R AF's Nimrod maritime patrol aircraft can bar the 'I frigates (type 21. IE ANDERS, Tvpe 22) "GIUK Gap" (Greenland-lceland-UK Gap in ordinary English) 4SSBNs ' to Soviet submarines and their surface fleet, A leading ITSSNs submariner recently expressed the remarkable opinion that Ihc Politics being unconnected with the truth, the proposals were Cold War role of the Navy could be handled by a few trawlers PTY. LTD. immediately denied by the UK Secretary of State for Defence. Mr flying Ihc While Ensign: no Russian cruiser would dare attack John Noll, but sources close to Ihc Ministry confirm that they them because, lurking nearby would be a nuclear submarine! All were a serious proposal. Back-pedalling furiously, the Conser this sounds dcprcssingly familiar, and is nothing more than Stephen Roskill's Fallacy of the Dominant Weapon dressed in • BUILDERS & CONSULTANTS • FABRICATION & ERECTION vative Government has since given assurances that the surface fleet will not be written off, and Mr Notl has specifically 1981 verbiage. • MECHANICAL ENGINEERS • PROJECT MANAGERS confirmed that the ARK ROVAI. (launched on June 2) has an What the nuclear submariners conveniently forget to important role to play mention are: (I) the total unsuitabilily of hunter-killer On 25th June. Mr Noll finally presented his proposals to subIT>a"ncs for deterrence or Cold War duties, other than LIC NO 28577 Parliament: thev include the closure of Chatham Naval Base and suncil|ance, (2) the severe limits on big nuclear submarines the running down of Portsmouth, scrapping the newly refilled °P"a"n8 ,n restricted waters, and (3) the fact that ASW forces carrier HERMES and Ihc amphibious dock landing ships find nuclear submarines much easier to track down than diescl- 38 MIRRABOOKA ROAD, LAKE HEIGHTS ITAkl I SS and INTREPID hv 1984. and reducing lhc escorl- electric boats, because of their noisiness. The diesel-cleclric boat forcc from 59 to 'about' 50 ships. On the credit side the ARK is at times almost impossible to detect, and its only weakness is PO Box 93, Warrawong, NSW 2502 ROYAL is to be completed but only two air groups will be the need to snorkel while recharging batteries. maintained, so that one of the three new carriers will be laid up; a Running in parallel wilh the discussion on the future of the new class of Type 2.1 frigates will be built, and a new class of Royal Navy is the argument over torpedoes. With Stingray in diescl-clcclric submarines, the Type 2400. production from May last, the British now have an advanced The Type 2.1 will be a utility A/S frigate equipped with lowed lightweight torpedo which is likely to replace the American Mk 46 74 6770 array sonar bui omitting the helicopter which has previously been in NATO and elsewhere. Since 1977, work has also been in hand considered vital to the ASW mission. The Tvpe 2400 is a big on a heavyweight, known from its Naval Staff Requirement long-range convcnlional submarine understood to be the number as NSR 7525. Suddenly this year the American firm Preferred Contractors to RAN strongest conlender for the RAN's OBERON replacement. Gould announced that it could offer scry advantageous terms for What appears to be going on behind lhc scenes is not its improved Mk 48ADCAP (ADvanccd CAPability). wilh up to 60 per cent offset contracts placed in the UK The British ' SaM BiS 3 B«SMS torpedo-industry is understandably angry at suggestions that Thirty-Two THE NAVY September. September. 1981 THE I AVY Page Thirty-Three NSR 7525 should be slopped, especially as il has jusl achieved a 'Ramadan' class are armed wiih Italian Otomal missiles and guns record speed of 70'.'; knols on Irials. The American sales efforl is bul have British radar and fire control and German diesels. WITH COMPLIMENTS backed up by adverlising which asks. "Why reinvent ihc Wheel?", suggesting lhal Ihe ADCAP is already in service allhough II is nol expected into service until 1984-85. roughllv the ITALIAN SUCCESSES CONTINUE COVENTRY same lime as NSR 7525. Jusl why the British should be asked to The shipbuilders I \R base yards at Ancona and Muggiano PILOTS and give up their involvement and write off their previous investment storking on a large contract for Ecuador. in torpedoes is nol clear, and it can only be hoped that Ihe recent Six 660-ion corvettes were ordered in 1979. to be armed with 12 per cent rise in Ihe value of Ihc US dollar against sterling has 76mm guns and the French MM 4(1 missile already mentioned. CLEARANCES SECRETARIES made a big enough dent in the American offer to convince even The design is basically similar lo the WAIJI MRAGH class built Ihe most obluse politician. for Libya in 197481. bin ihey have an uprated powcrplant and arc filled lo operate a light helicopter This alone siamps them as The QUEENSLAND an unusual design, for allhough there have been attempts to PTY LTD CHILEAN ORDER design smallct hcln-capablc ships, these 660-ionner> arc the first After tears of isolation, (hilt nas placed orders for ttarsbips warships io attempt to fly and recover a helicopter from such a COAST & in Europe. small platform. There is some scepticism about this capability as IMPORT-EXPORT Two IK1 Type 209 submarines have been ordered from il is known that the Italian Navy has banned helicopter TORRES STRAIT German yards and two frigates from Spain. The latter are cither operations from frigates below 1200 tons, and in anything bul a SPECIALISTS standard DESCUBIERTA class or a modified design with flat calm the recovery is bound lo be a highly hazardous PILOT SERVICE enhanced AA defence, possibly Ihe new Italian Aspidc/Albatros operation. point-defence system or Ihc Dardo twin 40mm gun-system. lour of these handsome craft arc now afloat the Allhough nowhere near Chile in Ihe international 1SM1RAI DAS. MANABY. EI ORO and I OS RIOS. with the 122 SUSSEX STREET, SYDNEY unpopularity slakes. Taiwan is sufficiently sensitive for Ihc Dutch GA1 APAGOS and IOJA still under construction. In FOR THOSE WHO CARE Government to be involved in a major row over the supply of appearance they resemble blown-up patrol boats, with a single Would you like a Service Booklet? military equipment. The Nelhcrhnds Shipbuilding Bureau. mast, single block of bridge-work but no funnel. The 76mm OTO- NEVESBU, was bitterly criticised for accepting an order for two Please Ask — Mclara gun is mounted forward and the six MM-40 canisters are ZWAARDVIS class diesel-clectric submarines from Taiwan last amidships, ahead of the hero-platform. Despite their small We will send you one. December. The People's Republic of China retaliated by dimensions a full outfit of sensors is carried, surveillance and St James Chambers withdrawing its embassy, and as a rcsull the Opposition has been fire-control radars and a hull-mounted sonar. There are two air- given an assurance lhal no more sales will be permitted The Phone:292125 defence systems, the Aspidc point-defence missile system and the 114 Castlereagh Street 2150-ton ZWAARDVIS class are Ihe latest in the Royal Breda Compact twin 40 mm with its associated Dardo fire- Netherlands Navy, and although they are being rearmed with the Sydney, NSW Radio: "Torres" control system. In addition triple ASW torpedo-lubes are fitted same Mk 48 Mod 3 torpedo as used by the Royal Australian on deck. Phone: 264 6201-2-3 Box 1573, GPO, SYDNEY Navy, the US Government may not be prepared to allow that TELEX: AA 20269 torpedo to be sold to Taiwan. As always with Italian designs, high speed is emphasised and Ihc uprated MTU 20V956 TB92 diesel with its 20,400 bhp is claimed lo give 37 knols in light conditions. In service this is more MIDDLE EASTERN likely to drop lo about 30 knols. and full load displacement may DEVELOPMENTS also affect the claimed endurance of 4000 nm at 18 knots, as only The Italian shipbuilding Canlierl Satali Riunili (CNtO art 126 tons of fuel are carried. building four II PO class frigates tor Iraq, bnl il is possible lhal There is no confirmation lhal the new helicopter carrier the) still tote Rolls-Royce Olympus gas turbines in place of the GIUSEPPI GARIBAI Dl has been laid down yet, allhough Betsha' s HA T-GBIM-2S00 fitted in preslous ships of this class. claims have been made lo that effect since 1978. A ship of that BATTY & <:OMPLET E HOME FURNISHERS The Trench have now completed trials and evaluation of iht lite and complexity must put an almost intolerable strain on extended-range MM-40 Exocel anti-ship missile, having fired it Italian finances, and there are rumours that Ihe Italian Navy was from Ihe sloop D'ESTIENNE D'ORVES last year. It will be hoping lo sell her lo Australia as a way of raising money to build McGRATH filled in three new 56-metre fast patrol craft building in Britain a second ship. However, the RAN definitely decided against that design, largely because of Ihc lack of workshop and support Carbe^ar%s*\w •''WxVbV for the Sultanate of Oman, and in six new Ecuadorean corvettes space. The claimed complement of 16 Sea Kings could not be among others. The Omani •Province' class will be similar lo the accommodated, and escn if a smaller complement is carried the six Egyptian Ramadan' type, also building by Vosper- lack of workshops would make them a wasting asset. However. PTY LTD rhornvcrofl. a company which has foughl its way back into the Ihe adverse reaction of the RAN may cause the Italians lo revise y^Avr\ FLOOR C0VERIN6 missile patrol boat market against fierce competition. Starting •7- (v3,'^sA SPECIALISTS Ihe design. Certainly the design is ingenious, particularly as with a programme to refurbish some Russian-designed regards propulsion, with four LM-2500 gas turbines and the KOMARS. known as the October' class. Vosper-Thornvcroft revolutionary Franco-Tosi fluid reversing coupling. Suppliers to the * 1 r\/K OeUGATlOH-fREE has been able lo re-establish itself in a market that had hitherto J / fl/l\ OUOTES been dominated by the French COMBATTANTE type The The point about ihe new coupling is that it permits reversing Royal Australian Navy of /?'T_nA> |\ J / %i\ 1 CURTAINS without a massive gearbox, although at a cost of some 25 per cent t£*y^i 1 / Jk \ FURNITURE efficiency when running ahead and 50 per cent when running Jackets, Slacks & Made Lj, ^F^Ll V j KITCHENS astern. To offset this it is paired with a conventional SSS TflL rj 1 coupling, which is used in normal steaming, leaving the Franco- to Measure Clothing
*'. . . The forces themselves always have had an unofficial voice or two. Strongest among these has been the Navy League, which has campaigned ceaselessly for more ships and resources for the navy, even if this means demolishing the air force or the army. In various Compliments from . position papers over the years the league has argued for cutting ADELAIDE back on the precurement of the new tactical fighter in favour of a STEAMSHIP sea-platform force and also for a minimal army (which is what the BAY VIEW army believes it is now) . . ." INDUSTRIES LAUNDRY PTY LIMITED Disregarding the "demolition" aspects Secretary of the League, Post Office Box of ihc comment — ihc League believes all 47, Balwyn, Victoria 3I03, who will New Trophy for arms of the Defence Force have a pan 10 forward further information when it the RAN play in Australian defence; the important becomes available.) SHELTERED WORKSHOP The Melbourne meeting between thing is to gel the right balance — by Engineering Division representatives of the RAN and Navy coincidence the supplement appeared at League also finalised a number of details the same time moves to further strengthen Current Contractors Naval Reserve concerning the recently announced Navy Slipway Proprietors Navy-Navy League links were under way. to the Cadets League offer, and Navy acceptance, of an Manufacturers of: award to be made annually to the HMA Ship or Establishment (including RANR The association between Navy Leagues It is expected that the League's ability Royal Australian Navy Mobile Cranes and Divisions) judged to be most deserving of and Navies in Britain, Australia, Canada, to assist the Navy and the NRC will be recognition for service rendered to the Heavy Duty Axles New Zealand, the United States and a increased as a result of a recent meeting in civil community. See Us for all Your number of other countries goes back a Melbourne between the Chief of Naval long way in time. The Navy League in Personnel (Rear Admiral D. W. Leach) Laundering Requirements Britain was just tcn-years-old when (he and the Director of Naval Reserves and Service to the community could range 1180 OLD PORT ROAD page from the famous "Pear's Annual" Cadets (Captain E. T. Keane). and the from aid rendered in a great natural appeared in 1905. League's Federal President, Vice- disaster to assistance in fighting bushfires; Phone:(002)25 1042 ROYAL PARK, SA, 5014 Presidents and Secretary. and include a fund-raising effort for a charitable cause, a rescue at sea or a St Canice Avenue Telephone: 47 5144 project to assist a foreign community. The wording makes an interesting Since the NRC was formed from the Sandy Bay, Hobart, Tas contrast with a recently summarisedj Navy League's Sea Cadet Corps in 1973, It is expected that the first award, version of the Navy League of Australia's the extent of Navy League assistance has which will take the form of a perpetual objectives, but even if the style has varied from State to State and for a shield and a small replica which will be changed the basic aims have not; but• number of reasons ranged from retained by the winning ship or then, neither has the basic dependence ofr "considerable" to "not much". The establishment, will cover the twelve Britain, Australia and their allies on] purpose of the meeting was to identify the months to 30th June, 1981, and be ARCADE BADGE EMBROIDERY CO PTY LTD maritime power changed. areas where aid is needed and to define announced at the general meeting of the the form it should take. League in Sydney on 6th November.
Phone: 698 8344 (toLINES) {The same edition of Pears' Annual, It is pleasing to think that the •vhich was supplied by courtesy of Mrs B. To enable the League to be kept fully "unofficial voice" referred to by "The 232-236 CLEVELAND ST. CHIPPENDALE. NSW 2008 Nelson of Melbourne, contains an informed of NRC requirements it was Bulletin" and first heard in Britain 76 ibridgcd edition of "Nelson and His decided to re-introduce the practice of years ago, has in Australia not diminished AUSTRALIA S FOREMOST EMBROIDERY COMPANY limes" by Vice Admiral Lord Charles having a "permanent" Federal Council with age but if anything, grown stronger: 'lercsford and H. W. Wilson. Permission representative to liaise with the Naval Navies have been all the better for their ias been sought to reproduce this Staff on appropriate cadet matters. It is civilian associations and arrangements Manufacturers of the Finest Embroidered Badges for industry. Armed Services Sporting Clubs and Organisations. ascinating, illustrated book-length expected that a similar arrangement will such as those mentioned above can only The Quality of Our Work More Than Compares with World S'andards iccount of Nelson, and any person be made in local Commands and that a add to the strength of the links between ntercsted in obtaining a copy — if better appreciation of what NRC units the RAN and the Navy League of PREFERRED CONTRACTORS TO THE RAN permission to publish is granted — is need, and what the Navy League can Australia. nvitcd to notify the Honorary Federal provide, will result. MELBOUHNE. atmti Septembe September, 1081 THE NAVY THE NAVY Pag* Thirty-Seven Page Thirty-Si» CAIRNS Best Wishes to all Navy Personnel from LIFE BEGINS AT FORTY BOSSGILLETT
onbuird. including the hold.yig-down Suppose somebody gave a |uii> from Japanese artillery. Iwo crew ring for her aft gun mounting, and no-onf Clfflf, W f||. that's whal JBeltaha mot&l & Pot O' Cold Restaurant members were killed and a further emergency steering gear, two boilers led Thursday, 13th August. IHD wounded. \v ith her engine-room and many cabins, since convened for I he (iiusinn was the fortieth flooded, she made to the Ti alternative uses. birthday of one of the fleet's longest Islands for repairs. Makeshift work Aboriginal for •Running Water" Phone Cairns (070) 51 1022 Her crew of twelve engineers, serving units. To the majority of allowed towing to Sydney by HMAS firemen and shipkeepers are led by 179 SHERIDAN ST, CAIRNS, QLD iple the event pissed without SWAN, and it was there Chief Kngineer I.es l.aundy, who has rh notice, but to her thirleen-min remained, still under repair, until .... "skippered" Ihe vessel since 1963. • LICENSED RESTAURANT crew the anniversary was reason close of war in August, 1945. One of Ihe vessel's unique character enough to invite "The Sivy" • AIR-CONDITIONED After spending some lime in istics is her ability to reclaim oil from aboard. • SWIMMING POOL 42 Self-Contained Modern reserve. Ihe nine and a half year old ships alongside and then re-use the 'CHILDRENS RATES Units — Family Units, Ihe ship was originally laid down veteran recommissioned in February, precious fluid in her own boilers. in Sydney during World War Two, 1951. for two years duty as a national Since 1963, she has reclaimed a • UNDERCOVER CAR Group Concessional Rates, being launched on I3lh August. serviceman*s training ship, based on staggering 7,000 ions of oil. Besides ACCOMMODATION Restaurant, Swimming Pool, 1941. Trooping duties kept her busy Port Melbourne. being in greit demand for alongside > BAR-B-QUE AREA 4 All Facilities through 1942 and early 1943. before In 1962, she was deleted from Ihe lank cleaning work throughoui (he CHILDRENS PLAYGROUND Handy to City Centre she began convoy escort work to New Navy I ist. disarmed, and her upper- length and breadth of Sydney i. In April and May. 1945. Harbour, the ship has also assisted in • AMPLE PARKING LARGE 5 km AIRPORT works removed. Painted black, but •(•mi of her sister ships, the with her funnel still in place, Ihe oil spillage operations, the most VEHICLES vessel carried out shore vessel begin open lions on 3rd recenl being in Berry's Bay. wesl of L ~ bardmcnls of enemy strongholds Jinuary. 1963- As well is being one the Harbour Bridge. Telephone Cairns (070) 54 3777 nd Wewak, as a prelude lo the of Ihe fleet's oldest units, the ship Luxury Living in the So it's Many Hippy Kelurns for capture of Ihe area by Australian can boast of being one of the best Your Hosts — Greg & Gail Moule four decades of service to ihe fleet Tropics troops on 1 Hh May. maintained, showing lillle evidence . . . and if you're still guessing which of her forty years afloat- Much of the 380 MULGRAVE ROAD lage wis sustained it ~'i lady just turned forty, then turn vessel's original equipment r WESTCOURT, CAIRNS, QLD > Discount to all Naval Personnel Bougainville following two direct hits page 55. t their Families
N.I.C. INSTRUMENT BBC BROWN BOVERI (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD BROWN BOVERI CRYSTAL COMPANY SPECIALISTS in REPAIR & SERVICE PARER ROAD. AIRPORT WEST. VIC 3042 AUSTRALIA LAUNDRY Telephone: (03)338 3111 of B.B.C. EXHAUST GAS TURBOCHARGERS A Division of Anse't Transport Industries (Operations! PtyLtd AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENT AND RADIO The Company operates from a Head Office and main Commercial Launderers, workshop in Airporl West Melbourne and has other workshops in Sydney. Brisbane and Perth As fitted to: Hire Linen Service, Its main business is overhaul and repair ol avionics H.M.A.S. STALWART Continuous Towelling Cabinets, equipment and radar for military and Civil aviation The Company has been a major overhaul contractor to the H.M.A.S. JERVIS BAY Dust Control Mats RAAF. RAN and ARMY for many years, and also to Airline* in Australia. Pacific and East Asian areas H.M.A.S. TOBRUK Avionics equipment currently maintained lor military and VESSELS UNDER Civil type aircraft include systems from CONSTRUCTION — A.O.R.'s 31 SCOTT STREET • torkk-j am am • to4hn§ Chinook Hflnoplft • tofty §727 IOC $727 200 '¥if§9'll-0 m> PARRAMATTA PARK, QLD 'OoystotDCt-X • C.A.C Satra • fokk* m, firm Phone: Cairns (070) 51 6760 • Douftoi ikfhfnk A4 • foil, ^ m • Of Heftland CurHeu • Lcxii-ffit ttottn • WrtrW Wnttt Hflnoptf ' io September, 1 Page Thirty-Eight September, 1981 Page Thirty-Nine programme over the years to come will provide the maritime elements of the force with a modern, efficient missile weapon BASIC SPECIFICATIONS OF HARPOON system. The basic missile can be configured to suit the firing platform — either air launch configured (AGM-84A); surface A universal, all-weather anti-ship missile, the McDonnell ship launch configured (RGM-84A); or submarine launch Douglas Harpoon is capable of being launched from the RAAF configured (UGM-84A). P3C Orion Long Range Maritime Patrol aircraft, the RAN's new FFG07 class ships and from the Oberon Class submarines against Dimensions: presently known sea targets at ranges of more than 60 nautical Overall length ROM UGM-84A — 4.6 m mites. AGM84A —3.8 m HE FIRST Australian Defence Force Weight RGM/UGM - 667 kg firing of its new anti-ship weapon, took The addition of Harpoon to the RAN's new FFG07 class AGM84A - 522 kg T ships provides over the hori/on attack capabilities from a safe place on 26 July, 1981, when a Harpoon Warhead — 230 kg approx distance. Following launch, no further missile contact is required Flight Performance: allowing the ship to perform other assigned operations or prepare missile was launched from HMAS Canberra Max operational range — 60 nm (110 kms) for additional target engagements. off the Californian coast. Cruise altitude — low level For launch from Oberon Class submarines, the Harpoon Cruise speed — high subsonic missile and solid-propcllant booster are enclosed in an Terminal flight programme — pop-up or sea skimming. I ANBFRRA. the RAN's second guided missile fngaie, un powered, buoyant capsule for firing from the torpedo lubes. successfully fired the Harpoon at ihc end of its weapons system The buoyant capsule provides the necessary underwater MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS acceptance (rials, and demonstrated the lethal capability of Ihc protection before it is jettisoned and the booster ignited to take new missile system which has a range in excess of 60 nautical Harpoon's major characteristics include: the missile lo its cruising velocity. Once this speed is reached the (a) it has a wide platform versatility; miles. missile engine takes over and the booster is jettisoned. (b) it has extended stand off range; 1 jr Is in the morning a destroyer-M/CU target was engaged at (c) it has a unique attack profile; a range beyond the visual horizon. Target information was In all its applications, the Harpoon is programmed for (d) it has a high kill probability; targeting hv computer equipment aboard the aircraft, ship or provided to CANBERRA by land-based range control, but under (c> it has post flight autonomy (fire and forget). operational conditions this could be provided either by the ship's submarine, though there is the capability for manual operation as electronic sensors or helicopter, or by other co-operating units. well. It cruises at a high subsonic cruise speed provided by its turbo-jet engine at a low level and can perform manoeuvres ATTACK FLIGHT PATH PROFILE The missile flics at high sub-sonic speed just above the wave tops including a final pop-up to match those of fast, manoeuvring and is vcrv difficult to detect or shoot down. It is highly accurate, After being launched from any of the three platform types, targets. its firc-and-forget computerised guidance system enabling it to ic aircraft, surface ship or submarine, the Harpoon missile travels at a relatively low altitude for the major portion of its flight path. seek out and attack targets without further direction from the Included in the Harpoon missile system acquisition On approaching the target the missile descends further until it is launch platform. The warhead has demonstrated its high effect programme is (he establishment of a missile maintenance facility skimming the water surface. It then either rises to attack the iveness against ships of up to destroyer size. at Kingswood. NSW, which will provide essential intermediate target from above, or continues at (he same height to impact the level servicing of the weapon. CANBERRA will arrive in Australia early next year. Her target just above the water line. Commanding Officer. Commander Bryan Wilson, said the introduction of Harpoon added a very powerful and exciting dimension to the capabilities of the fleet. He said for (hose closely involved with Harpoon firings the time of flight from ship to target, over four minutes on this occasion, seemed to take forever Australia as an island continent has a long, and in many parts isolated, coastline to defend. This naturally occurring environment places a demand on the Australian Defence Force to be capable of patrolling and protecting vast areas against the incursions of conventional and high performance submarines and surface shipping. With this requirement in mind, the Australian Defence Force embarked on its Harpoon missile programme. The Australian Defence Force took their first delivery of a Harpoon missile in December. 1980, and the acquisition Harpoon entry point on the target ship. I Photo ~ RA V) CLEMENTS & MARSHALL P/L 41 SALAMANCA PLACE. HOBART. TAS A major supplier of Garden Fresh Fruit and Vegetables to the Royal Australian Navy TELEPHONE: (002) 23 2661 ISSUED IN THE INTEREST OF AUSTRALIAN DEFENCE September. 1881 P,ge Forty THE NAVY S«pt.mber. 198 P«Q« Forty-One in Sydney Harbour were the French light cruiser Rigauli de Genouilly, a light AUSTRALIA'S 150th ASMYERSARY CELEBRA TIO\S cruiser of ihc La Galissionere class, and the French training cruiser Jeanne d'Arc. Ironically, the Rigauli de Genouilly was preseni in Oran when the Royal Navy tried to "neutralise" the French fleet. FLEET WEEK, 1938 Rigauli de Genouilly was attacked by- British ships — including the battlecruiser Louisville. Memphis and Milwaukee. The HMS Hood and the battleship HMS In I9.W, Sydney was the focal point in Australia's 150th An presence of such a powerful force was Valiant -— when attempting to flee from hailed in the press as a "compliment that niversary Celebrations — the 150th anniversary of British set Oran with the French battlecruiser was thoroughly appreciated throughout Strasbourg. She was finally sunk off tlement in Australia. Celebrations occured throughout Sydney Australia". And it was indeed a powerful Algiers in July. I940, by the Britisn force: USS I ouisvillc. a hea\> cruiser of and included sporting e\ents — especially the Empire Games, submarine Pandora. the Northampton class was launched in music festivals and exhibitions of \arious kinds. Appropriately, September. 19.10, and not scrapped until The Dutch gunboat Flores was also a though. Sydney Harbour uas the centre of the celebrations. I960. Of 12,150 ions (full load), visitor to Sydney during Fleet Week. l.ousiville's armament included 9 8-inch Flores. with a main armament of 3 5.9- guns and H 5-inch and could make 32 4 In IM'H, (urdcn Island vsas slill an inch guns was to be active in the coming knots, t ouisvillc served throughout the war, for example, off the Normandy island sshilc Ihc "jtreai bridge" was still b\ DAVID DIMEM coming war and underwent extensive war beaches on D-Day. I944. ncs*. Australia vsas jusl recovering from modifications. Another ship to win renown in the war. The thicc other US cruisers — the four- preseni during Fleet Week was the New funnelled cruisers of the Omaha class — Zealand - manned cruiser Achilles. were of 9,150 tons (full load) with a main Another guest was the Italian cruiser armament of 12 6-inch guns. USS Raimondo Moniecuccoli, while (he Trenton was launched in 1923 while the British heavy cruiser HMS Devonshire, USS Milwaukee was launched a year arrived in April. later. Both ships served throughout the Of course, the Australian warships Second World War hui the design of the were also preseni in Sydney, acting as host Omaha class — the first light cruisers ships to ihc visitors. All the ships — built by the USA after World War I - Australian and overseas — were open for had the time, there ought to be a F ^t On Sunday, 30ih January, these ships was not. according to all reports, entirely inspection IO the public at various times. Week like this in every Australian port in satisfactory. were replaced by the AUSTRALIA, The officers of the Australian host ships order that our people should become YARRA and VENDETTA and the The USS Memphis was the oldest of the entertained the officers of the visiting more defence conscious". French ship Rigauli de Genouilly. Other three, launched in March, 1921. The ships at, amongst other occasions, a dance The people of Sydney certainty Australian naval vessels ai anchor in the Memphis was lent to the Russians from for officers at the Rushcutters Bay Naval responded to Fleet Week. Signs of "ships harbour, also could be inspected by 1944 to 1949 and was scrapped in 1949. Depot and at a Squadron Ball on HMAS full — no more visitors" had io be hung launch from the Man O'War Steps. The The visit of the L'S ships was taken as ( ANBERRA on Monday, 31st January. on the wharves. Thousands of latecomers arrangement io deal with the public visits a reassuring token of friendship and allied 1938. On Thursday. 27th January, 1938. had to be refused admission to the ships. io the ships were remembered in the press intent by the Australian people and His Excellency the Governor-General and The west side of Circular Quay — where as "quietly efficient". government. I ady Gowric gave an "official dinner" to the Overseas Terminal is today — was the Fleet Week was a success as indeed were chief inspection area. Other ships present during Fleet Week senior officers of visiting warships while the whole of the 1938 150th Anniversary at the other end of the social spectrum the On Saturday. 29th January, 1938 — the celebrations. The Royal Australian Navy HMS DEI 0\SHIR£. (Photo ~ Wrifht and I opan.t Sergeants Mess at Military HQ gave a first "big" dav of Fleet Week, the cruiser was "shown off io the public as future "Smoke Social" to Chief Petty Officers HMAS SYDNEY, the sloop HMAS allies and enemies joined in (he 150th the Great Depression. War clouds too. and Petty Officers of the visiting SWAN and the destroyer HMAS Anniversary festivities. With Australia's were once again on the hori/on. Possibly warships. WATERHEN were on display at the 200th Anniversary not too far away, lei us in view of the international tension of the The aim of J Icel Week was proclaimed Quay along with an American cruiser and hope (hat once again, Sydney Harbour is time, patriotism and military display were as "giving citizens a more complete idea the Dutch gunboat Flores. Nearly 10,000 ihe focal point of the celebrations and in the forefront of the 1938 celebrations. than they have ever had before of the visited HMASSYDNEY —the population that ihe RAN has something to show off The naval aspect of the 1938 150th activity of the navy". Furthermore, it was of Sydney obviously felt an identification io the public, with Ihe support of visiting anniversary celebrations was very 'tatcd by a "Defence spokesman": "If we with this namesake ship. navies. impressive. Warships from 6 nations — the United Slates of America, New Zealand, France. Holland. Italy and TOP SERVICE TO NA VY PERSONNEL — Great Britain ~ took part in the celebration'-. A "Fleet Week" was proclaimed from Australia Day on the 26th January to the following AMPOL SOUTH AUTOMOTIVE SERVICES Wednesday. Fleet Week and the warships gathered huge crowds and also gave the Telephone: 72 5260 Australian population a new awareness of the Australian fleet. On Tuesday, 25ih CNR PRINCESS HIGHWAY & HUGHES STREET January, as the New Zealand, USA. French, Italian and Dutch ships entered (at the South end of Batemans Bay) the harbour, each national flagship V ' 1 saluted the port and the military station at BATEMANS BAY, NSW 2536 Georges Head gave a salute in reply. I———^MP- • Auto Transmission and Power Steering Specialists * General Repairs Electronic The most impressive component of the Tune-Ups * Engine Exchanges * Tyres visiting fleet was ihc US cruisers Trenton. I tSS TRKSTOS. (Photo — Rov% Giltctt collection.) Page Forty-Two THE NAVY September, 1981 September. 1961 THF NAVV ~ " " 1 Mfc NAVY p,ge Forty-Three ALSAFE INDUSTRIES PTY LTD 261 WICKHAM ROAD. MOORABBIN. VIC Telephone: 555 2S11 TELEX: AA 38416 All Lines of Safety Equipment, including: Life Jackets. Buoyancy Vests. Safety Footwear. Gloves. Goggles, Respirators. Rainwear, etc "BELOW THE BELT* the Great War a most unusual device, a The same treatment is given the clearance boom climbing amphibious "tank", used divers and naval air personnel. SKANCHIS: MIUOURNi. MOHWEU, GIEIONG. SYDNEY. BRISBANE. ADELAIDE. PERTH BY JOHN WINTON in an attack on Pola Harbour. Austria, in "The Royal Australian Navy in Published b* I918. is fully described and illustrated. Vietnam" is strongly recommended. For MANUFACTURERS AND DISTRIBUTORS OF SAFETY EQUIPMENT (o HWA l MA HI TIME PRESS The devices described in "Below the students of naval and political science this REVIEWED BYGA YUNDAH Bell" had a dramatic effect on many book will be invaluable. The general naval actions. The book is a fitting tribute reader will receive a detailed insight into to their influence. Recommended. the naval operations that were carried Chhalry in combat is a iking of the out. The illustrations appearing in the past! A fair comment indeed, especially book are first class, and the text is very rfC* If? *hen one considers the age of modern "THE ROYAL readable. Recommended to all. naval warfare, missiles, electronics, Become a counter measures, counter-counter AUSTRALIAN measures and the power of many of NAVY IN VIETNAM" today's combatants. Honeter. when one Blood Donor looks into the pages of naval history BY DENIS FAIRFAX "underhanded" or unfair weapons have Published by "AN ILLUSTRATED GUIDE Support the been a feature of naval warfare from the AL'STRALIAS GOVERSMEST TO MODERN WARSHIPS" earliest of limes. PVBLISUISG The Greeks, for example, renowned SERVICE. CASBERRA BY HUGH LYON for [heir skill in (he Mediterranean. REVIEWED BY HARRY ADLAM Published b\ ^$&Y employed the "dastardly" fireship. some The War in Vietnam was ten LANDSDOWNE PRESS RED CROSS 1,700 years before their use by Drake controversial, and it mould be quite fair Price $6.95 against the Spanish Armada. The to say thai a great many Australians REVIEWED BY ROSS GILLETT Byzantine Navy's supremacy depended knon %ery little about Ihe conflict or of In 160 pages. Hugh l.y on has presented The Life You Save upon Greek Fire — a mixture of Australia'* participation. Ear Ihe most his guide to today's modern warships. A Big Ben's the May Be Your Own "naphtha" (a crude oil), with saltpetre pari, the war nas a jungle fighting readable text is supported by colour and (an oxygen carrier), to produce a affair, although the Royal Australian black and white photographs, and in big square pie spontaneous combusion, which was Nat t was engaged in many types of many cases by a small, but informative, catapulted in clay pots onto the enemy's operations, all important and with a line drawing. Although the majority of to eat when Inserted By deck. Later, in the Napoleonic era, poison definite purpose in mind. This photographs are previously unpublished, gas was advocated. publication is as complete a history of many have been spoilt when spread you feel like a In more recent times, the submarine or the na*al side of ihe conflict as is across two pages. underway torpedo boat, as it was possible in a book of 232 pages. Each warship or class is briefly Big Ben Pie! International Paint originally known, was thought by most Denis Fairfax has compiled his book in described via a table of specifications, British Officers of the late nineteenth and an extremely workmanlike manner. First followed by the main part of the book. early twentieth centuries, to be the most the reader is goven a geographical study The development, acquisition and Big on pastry! Big on meat! (Aust) Pty Ltd underhanded weapon of war, and the of the area, then a rundown on the subsequent service of the ships is then most un-British weapon yet devised. At history of Vietnam, followed by a discussed to give an impression of a small Enjoy a Big Ben now. 'he same time as the submarine, develop political resume with the events leading up pocket sized "Janes Fighting Ships". ment continued with the torpedo. The to the war itself. The Royal Australian The largest sections of "Modern Confederate leaders during the American Navy's work is covered ship by ship, on a Warships" are devoted to the USA, US Civil War "deployed the use of concealed day to day basis. All ships which served in and Soviet Union. In total, 71 warship lethal mechanisms against which there Vietnam are given full coverage, as are classes are featured from the early was at the time practically no defence". other naval units, such as the clearance Russian cruisers of the Sverdlov class, to NEW I.A.L.A. BOUYAGE SYSTEM CHARTS But with the tide of battle going against divers and helicopter flight. Vessels such the Nimitz class aircraft carriers of the ihe South, these unfair tactics were as JEPARIT and BOONAROO, which United States Navy. The choice of the Aus 143 Port Phillip Bay; Aus 155 Approaches to Melbourne; Aus 158 Entrance to Port Phillip; Aus 198 mplemcntcd. albeit in many cases were used to supply Australian forces in former seems illogical for a book entitled Approaches to Botany Bay and Port Hacking; Aus 199 Botany Bay insuccessfully. the troubled area are described in the "Modern Warships", as the Sverdlov For the first time, all recorded strands same manner as fighting units. class were designed during the 1940s and if innovative warfare have been woven Also Available Apart from describing the day to day commissioned in the 1950s. ogethcr to form a marvellous new activities of the ships, a full list is given of Admiralty List of Lights Vol "K". 1981 "Modern Warships" is one of a publication, entitled "Below the Belt". the men participating. This in itself would number of pocket books recently Nautical Almanac. 1982 This book is certain to become a much have been quite a task as a number of the published to illustrate and describe the ought after publication, (racing as it does ships were deployed to Vietnam more major armaments of the early 1980s. A he unusual, unfair and underhanded than once. The DDGs HOBART and subsequent series describing World War JOHN DONNE & SON veapons of the World's navies up to the PERTH, both served three deployments II equipment has just appeared. A good (CHART AGENTS) lose of the Second World War. From the on station, and for each deployment the hard cover protects "Modern Warships", OURNE.3000 atter, mention is made of the suicide full crew list is given {complete with which is printed on a good grade paper 372 LITTLE BOURKOURKE STREET, MELB( >oats and midget submarines, while from official numbers in the case of sailors). for excellent colour reproduction. September. I eptember, 1M1 THE NAVY Page Forty-Four Page Forty-Five was found to be in need of coal and repairs to her wireless and returned to port. The weather was still bad, too rough for HMS HOGUE - British Armoured Cruiser Admiral Christian to transfer his flag. The Senior Officer, Captain John Drummond of the ABOUKIR was left in by GEOFFREY MILLER command. The weather finally moderated on the night of 21-22 September, allowing the destroyers to leave port, but by dawn on Built By: Vickers Ltd. Barrow-in-Furness. the morning of the 22nd they had still not reached the cruisers. Laid Down: July. 1898. Launched: August, 1900. Completed: 1902. Leutnant Otto Weddigen, commanding the German submarine Length. OA 472 fee*. Waterline: 454 ft. Breadth. 69 ft 6 in. Draught: 29 ft max. U9, surfaced at dawn to recharge his batteries and soon sighted the masts of the cruisers to the south. Weddigen immediately Displacement: 11.700 tons. Bunkers: Coal. 800 tons normal; 1.600 tons max. submerged. The cruisers were steaming on a steady course of Machinery: Twin screw. Two 4-cylinder triple-expansion engines. Thirty Belleville type boilers. IHP (forced about 9 knots in line abreast, two miles apart. draught, trials) = 21.065= 22.1 knots. U9 carried six torpedoes (two bow, two stern tubes with Armament: 2 x 9.2 inch (one forward, one aft) 12x6 inch QF (side casements) 14 x 12-pounder QF, 3x3- reloads for the bow tubes). At 6.20 am she fired the first torpedo pounders. 8 machine-guns, 2x18 inch torpedo tubes (submerged). Alterations 1903: 4 x6inchQF at the ABOUKIR from a range of 500 yards. The torpedo struck HMShips BM CHASTE and MJ2. (Photo - Phillip Ratcliffc.) added and the ship began to sink immediately. Captain Drummond Armour: KRUPP. Belt: 6 inch (230 ft long x 11 ft 6 in wide). believing she had hit a mine, signalled HOGUE and CRESSY to close in and pick up survivors. Weddigen now fired two Deck: 3in-lV2 in. Barbettes: 6 in. Casements: 5 in. cruisers in a hazardous position. The Court was also unable to torpedoes at the stationary HOGUE from a distance of 300 ascertain (he object of the patrol and why the ships were so yards. CRESSY was still slopped when the periscope of U9 was positioned. sighted. Despite ordering full speed. U9 fired two additional " The HOGUE and her lister ships CRESSY. ABOUKIR, Weddigen returned to Kiel, to a jubilant welcome and the torpedoes, one of which stuck the cruiser. The bow tube was BACCHANTE, SUTLEJ and EURYALUS *crc ordered under Iron Cross. Within weeks he would sink the old protected cruiser quickly reloaded and with his last torpedo. Weddigen sank the the 1897-8 supplementary Naval Estimates, being the first British HAWKE. Then, in March, 1913. in command of U29. his remaining cruiser armoured cruisers since ihe ORLANDO class of 1886. They were submarine would be rammed and sunk by the battleship essentially armou cd versions of the Diadem class protected From a total complement of the three ships of 2,200. 62 DREADNOUGHT. cruisers of 18%. but with more powerful machinery. A re- officers and 1,397 men were lost, a fact made more tragic as most As all three cruisers had their watertight doors closed, it adoption of side-armour was made possible by the development of the crews were naval reservists. The subsequent Court of demonstrated the vulnerability of the older warships to torpedo of hard faced steel armour. This in turn allowed a comparatively Enquiry blamed Captain Drummond for failing to zig-zag when attack, and the action was reported to have stimulated German large area of the side to be protected w iihout an excessive increase the weather moderated and for ordering the other two ships to determination to develop submarine warfare. Although the loss in displacement. Indeed they were only 1,000 tons heavier than close when ABOUKIR was hit. The captains of HOGUE and of the cruisers did not affect the material balance the action was a the Diadems, with a fuller hull form which improved stability. CRESSY were blamed for stopping their ships, and all three for severe blow to the public's morale, especially when considering the The class's finer lines forward tended to increase their pitching. not anticipating submarine attack and failing to post sufficient heavy toss of life. The remaining three ships of the class survived motion. The six cruisers initiated several subsequent classes of lookouts. The Admiralty was also criticised for placing the the war and were sold for scrapping in 1920-21. similar but improved ships which were to form the backbone of British cruiser squadrons for the next 15 years. HOGUE commissioned with the Channel fleet in November. 1902, having cost £790,000 to build. She was the fastest of her class, achieving 22.4 knots on full power trials and burning 17 UNITED SHIP REPAIR SERVICES ions of coal per hour lo do so As ssith heeler ships HOGUE |fc mmmt cru/„r Hm HOCIK. 1912. (Dnwin$ - Ccof- had a varied peacetime career. In March. 1904, she collided with . ».•.. . IEVANS DEAKIN INDUSTRIES LTD & MACDONALD HAMILTON & CO PTY LTD) Ihe steamship MhLRI I HI-, then returned to Desonporl in May lo refil. Late thai year she sailed east lo ihe China Station where she showing were two small hand lanterns, I consider his action was remained till May. 1906. She then commissioned as a training one which deserves special notice from Their Lordships." ship for boy seamen with the 4th cruiser squadron on Ihe North Less than a month later, on 22nd September, 1914, HOGUE ARE PROUD SUPPORTERS OF THE NAVY DEPARTMENT America and West Indies station. Returning to Devonporl in and her sister ships ABOUKIR and CRESSY were torpedoed and May, 1908, she paid off into reserve until 1909, when she joined sunk by Ihe old German submarine U9. ihe Jrd division of the Home fleet at the Nore. During 1912 1913. The task of the cruisers was to screen the destroyers of Ihe I si MIDDLE ROAD. CAIRNCROSS DOCK, COLMSLIE, BRISBANE, 4170 she refitted ai Chatham before rejoining ihe Home fleet in and 3rd flotillas as ihey swepl ihe soulhern North Sea free of September. 1913. Al Ihe outbreak of World War I, HOGUE German minelayers and torpedo craft. On 17th September, bad Phone: 399 3011 — After Hours: 221 3477 — Telex: AA 43562 was a unit of the 7th cruiser squadron, under the command of weather forced the destroyers back lo port thus eliminating much Rear-Admiral A. H. Christian. of the need for the now elderly cruisers to remain on patrol. On 28lh Augusl. 1914, Christian's squadron, with the However, a British presence was thought desirable in Ihe area, bi.ltlecruisers LION. QUEEN MARY. PRINCESS ROYAL, especially round Ihe moulh of Ihe Scheldt river lo fulfil a pre-War INDOMITABLE and NEW ZEALAND, carried out a sorlie in guarantee lo Belgium, and ihe cruisers remained, GEORGE GILBERT & CO the North Sea in an attempt to draw the German fleel inlo a Al about Ihis lime Winston Churchill, First Lord of Ihe major bal'le. However, the indecisive action which followed. Admiralty, was visiting the Grand Fleel al Scapa Flow. While known as the battle of Ihe Heligoland Bight, was mainly fought there he overheard Ihe Fleet's nickname for the 7th cruiser REWINDING - MARINE - INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL by the cruisers on both sides. Three German light cruisers, squadron: Ihe "livebait squadron". Infuriated. Churchill now MAINZ. KOLN and ARIADNE, were lost, the last two being recognised the danger the cruisers faced. The following day, on sunk by the battlecruisers lhat appeared in the early afternoon his return to London, he recommended lo the First Sea Lord A 24 Hour Electrical Service after being summoned by Commodore Reginald Tyrwhilt in Ihe (Lord Louis Battenberg), lhat they should be removed to Ihe badly damaged light cruiser ARETHUSA By early evening ihe western entrance of the Channel. Battenberg concurred. Two Covering all aspects of Electrical Industry and Specialising in Marine Maintenance speed of Tyrwhill's ship was about 6 knots; the fires were drawn days later (19th September). Admiral Slurdee. Chief of the in all but two boilers, and assistance was called for. This arrived Admiralty's War staff, persuaded Battenberg to approve an and Installation and Survey Work in the form of the HOGUE. Commodore Tyrwhilt mentioned ihe order moving ihe cruisers lo an area known as the Broad meeting of Ihe two ships in his dispatch: Fourleens, off Ihe coast of Holland. This, with Ihe Dogger Bank, "Al 9.30 pm. Captain Wilmol S. Nicholson, of the was one of the cruisers'normal patrol areas. On 20lh September, Phone: 399 6544 (Business Hours) — After Hours: 221 3477 HOGUE, look my ship in low in a most seamanlike manner, and. the four cruisers left Ihcir Dogger Bank patrol and sailed south to CNR THYNNE ROAD AND MANTON STREET, COLMSLIE. BRISBANE, 4170 observing thai the night was pilch-dark and the only lights the Broad Fourleens. Upon arrival, the flagship, EURYALUS. September. 1981 P.g.Fo,1y.SU THE NAVY September. ,98, Peg* Forty-Seven r THE ROYAL NEW ZEALAND NAVY — Forty Years of Service N September, 1941, MM King George VI Igranted the title of Royal New Zealand Na%> by HARRY ADLAM to the force that since 1921 had been known as Ml Fkotognpks courtesy MNZN mmkm other*!* the New Zealand Division of the Royal Na\>. Two years of war service had shown ihai the small New Zealand Division was a force 10 be reckoned with and now i: would be a Navy in iis own right. A small service when compared Wartime expansion witnessed additional ships 10 the RN. the Royal New Zealand Navy had many less recruits to commissioning in New Zealand, the usual practice of drawing draw from to man its new ships. Mosl of ihc officers as well as from (he trade being pcrsucd. Many differeni types came into senior ratings were on loan from the RN and in 1939, the service, ranging in si/e from the MONOW'AI. a well known cross majority of ships manned by the division were also on loan. Tasman passenger liner which commissioned as a armed merchant cruiser down to small motor boats for harbour patrol work. As far as "pusser" naval ships were concerned, mosi were new consiruction. being primarily small trawler type vessels. Manv New Zealandcrs were to serve in ships of the RN, 100 Kiwis being lost aboard the British cruiser NEPTUNE when she was mined in the Mediterranean Sea. Others were to lose their lives in the Solomon Islands and in the Atlantic. fHIt OMEL had sened since 1^14. nben originally allocated lo Ve»* Zealand. Ihc ship's \c» Zealand sen ice ttas spent alongside the training jetty at the entrance to the Calliope Dry dock as a depot ship. Xtith the completion of the net* bar racks ashore the need for the old hulk lessened and her hull **as subsequently scuttled in 1949. HMSZS PHILOMEL is proudly kmmn as the cradle of the R\Z\. Mell-knonn in both Australia and Sen Zealand, the I nion liner MONOWAi commissioned as an armed merchant cruiser in August. 1940. thus becoming one of the original units of the RSZS. The conversion to AMC nas carried out at the Dewm- pnrt natal base in Auckland. HMV/.S MOSOWAI returned to her owners in July. 1946. and nas not scrapped until I960. New Zealand had always been a cruiser station and in 1939, two ships bearing the names ACHILLES and LEANDER were the major units of the division. Both were to suffer heavy damage from war service, accompanied by loss of life. The victory of ACHILLES had the same effect in New Zealand as did SYDNEY in Australia, a brilliant cruiser action that proved the colonials were every bit as good as their Imperial counterparts. As the war progressed more ships were commissioned, including Isles class trawlers. Flower class corvettes from British yards. MLs locally built, and HDMLs from the USA. Castle class trawlers were also built locally. The main units of the U\/\ at its formation »ere the (MO PHILOMEL, the stationary depot and training ship in Leander class cruisers HMS ACHILLES and HMS LEANDER. Auckland, became too small to handle the wartime influx. New Each ship sas% eitenshe *ar scntce. including the Solomons cam barracks were built ashore and a new [raining depot opened on paign. Both reverted back to the Royal \a\y between 1944 and Mocjihe Island. Personnel expansion grew from 724 in 1939 to 1946. ACHILLES etentualh becoming the Rotal Indian Saw almost 9,000 in 1944. of whom some 3.200 officers and men were Skip DELHI. serving in the Royal Navy. September. JAVY Page Forty-Nine Page Forty-Eight September. 1961 THE With peace in 1945, scaling down commenced. The region was still a two cruiser station, but normally only one ship was retained in commission. Later the RNZN would become a frigate navy, with four "fast frigates" as the main units. Personnel levels have been held at around the 3.000 mark, including 100 WRENS serving on full-time duties. Today the Royal New Zealand Navy is a compact, efficient fighting service, officered and manned by Ne» Zealanders The growth and development of the RNZN can be seen through the acquisition of its front line and support units from 1941 up to the present day. HMSZShips ARABISand ARBl 71 s were long-roc sled flower six loch class anti-submarine frigates came into sersice during class corsettes which entered \ew Zealand sersice in 1944. They I94H-49. All saw sersice during the korean H jr. f'.ach frigate was Locally-built Castle class tranters came in jt»o distinct groups. renamed when taken oser. being gisen the names of well-known The first type nere vomentional steel'built ships, mhilst the se returned to the Tniled kingdom in I94S carrying crews for sis fitch class frigates, and were scrapped in the Ik. The flowers, Sew Zealand lakes. All sis were broken up in Hong kong from cond type used the old composite Meet frames with *sood skins, 196210 1966. t'he latter *ere specially designed for sleeping magnetic min*s. much larger than the Isles class, were faster and carried an im- Although seventeen \essels of the Castle class were ordered, only pros ed armament. thirteen »ere built. Many Here sold our commercially after the **ar, HMS/S » Mlltl becoming tselhknonn in Australian tsalers as the trailer MATONC. The aboye »»>» sho*s HMS7.S HINAV. Tour of the renonned Isles class trailers joined the K.\/.\ at its inception, but stere paid off after the end of World War T*o. I Al III AS was built for the HAS as a Riser class anti The four HMSZ ships. ISCHKEITH. KILLEGRAY, SASDA submarine frigate, but subsequenlh conserted to sursexing. and St ABA **err slightly smaller than the Bird class and Sixteen HDMfs were receixed from the I nited Stales during the Completed in februarx. I94H. the ship »a« loaned to VCH mounted a lighter main armament. They reduced to resene in Second World War. A number remain in commission and until Zealand in 1949 and purchased outright in 1962. HMSZS 1946 and »ere sold in I9SS. quite recently they were being used for training and surxeying LACHLA S serxed at a surxex xessel until t»r paid off in 1975. HMS GAMBIA, one of the heatily-armed Fiji dtM, six-inch duties. The HDMfs base seen much re-naming and re- The xessel remains in use as an alongside lender at Oexonport. gunned light cruisers. Mi commissioned into the ff.V/.N on 22nd numbering and a certain amount of re-building, but the graceful tSee later photograph.I September. 194.1. av a replacement for ACHILLES. »hich H» hull lines haxe nexer been altered. under repair. (.AMBIA sened in the RNZN until July. 1946. *hen the re\erted to the Royal \a\y. The cruiser remains the heaviest unit to base sened in the RNZN. III • HaBBM —»— /„ |,u_. ,,,,. Australian f.oxernment presented the RSZS with The Bird class minesweeping trawlers HMN/SMpi KIHI. MOA XafX." ' '•i«- ... *^.-~' ^.f -. __" In 1946. two improsed Dido class cruisers. HMSZS BI.ACk tour Australian minesweeping xessels. klAMA. ISYERELL. and Til wan 600 ton ships with a speed of 14 knots, built in - t * .^>*". ' "***" ^ ~~^ -*~ - .. — PRINCE and HMSZS Bill OS A. replaced ACHILLES and ECMVCA and STAWELI. Hi 1966. HMSZS klAMA was be- Scotland in 1941. In January, 1943. K/H7 and MOA created a ' • -«'•*•" - "^ '•• ''- l.AMBtA. The new ships were armed with the dual-purpose f.2S ,„, emploxed as a fisheries protection sessel. whilst HMSZS IS- nasal epic when they fought a spirited action off (Guadalcanal from 194.1. the f'airmile B type motor launch began to enter Sew inch gun and were good for speeds of up to 32 knots, Sormally VEMEJJ became a nr» entries training ship. HMSZS ECHVCA which resulted in the Japanese submarine II being drixen ashore Zealand sersice. Twelxe would be locally built and commission- only one ship nai kept in commission. Ill I I n\ \ relumed to „„ „„;, , |>„ months etrvfc* and spent most or her lime in and destroyed. Til later destroyed another Japanese submarine, ed. They were exlensisely used on A/8 and patrol duties in the /»r lulled kingdom in 1956. where her crew look oser reserse. After disposal all four were scrapped in Sew Zealand. A but MOA was lost by enemy air action in April. 1943. The two Solomons, but most were sold soon after the cessation of ROYALIST, another Improsed Dido, although greatly modified, number or ratings were brought to Melbourne to assist in the smrxisors were to see peacetime sersice. kl\sl being sold in 1964 hostilities. So Q404taboxetis seen in the Cook Strait in company BI.ACk PRISCI remained in Sew Zealand, where she was sold restoration of the museum ship CASTl.t-.MAISE. an original and Tl I in 1969. with LEASDER. in 1961. ROYALIST was sold in 196H and broken up in Japan. sister Page Filly THE NAVY September. 1961 eptemDer. 19D1 THE NAVY Page Fitty-One HMNZS CANTERBURY, 'he last major combat unit M be ac cepted, commissioned in October, 1971. During 1981, she nas undergoing refit. I Photo — John Mortimer.) lo replace the ageing HDML \. four Lake class patrol boats were HM\/> ENDEA \ Ol R (IK nas built in the ( SA in 1944. as the built in the t nited Slates by Brooke Marine, \ames of four of net-layer PRLI EM. In 1947. she ma sold to the Ealkland the old Loch class frigates nere used for the group, those selected Islands as the JOH\ BRISCOE, but in 1956 w*a purchased by beingHM\/.Ships HA WEA. PI A AM. TACPOandROTOITI. the RN/% and renamed ENDEA l Ol R. Eoltoning tU years ser The four boats can achieve speeds up to 25 knots, earring an ar vice as an Antarctic support ship. ESDEA % Ol R **as sold out of BLACKPOOL, an anti-submarine frigate of the Whiteby class. mament of machine guns and an 81 mm mortar. All four were wervfct to Canadian buyers. nas completed in August. 1958, and loaned to Sen Zealand from sent out to \en Zealand as deck cargo, and commissioned for June. 1966. to June. 1971. during the construction of CASTER- ser>ice at Devonport in 1975. Bl R\. As replacements for the old loch class. t*o net* type 12 anti submarine frigate* entered ser* ice during 1960-61. with the names HMNZS MONOWAi (Hi nas formerly the cargo-passenger car HMSZ.s OTACO and HMNZS TARANAKt. the latter is rier MOANA ROA. built in I960. She nm taken o\er for conver presently undergoing modernisation. Later two impro\ed frigates sion to survey duties in 1974 and following an extensive refit com of the Ieander type nere to be ordered, (Photo — /M.N J HMS/.Ships CASTERBl R\ and WAtk.ATO represent the missioned in 1977. MONOWAi has been fully employed ever most modern of the "KM" frigates, H AlKA TO having been in since. Taken in May, 1981, the old frigate LACHLAN lies opposite senice since 1966. and completely refilled in 1975-77. Like many Canterbury under refit at Ihe Devonport Dockyard. Auckland. current RNZS units, she is a regular visitor to Australian shores. Pai'tted a dark grey and nilh most of her fittings removed. LACHLAN now serves as a tender. (Photo — Ross GHlctt.) Crosba Textiles & Knitting Mill Pty Ltd Suppliers to the Royal Australian Navy ol Knitted Outer Wear All Our Yarn Is Produced by Our Own Spinning Mill As a replacement for the first ENDEAVOUR, the small tanker The research vessel HMS/S Tl I lilt Mat constructed in the USA SAMAhACOS nas obtained from the I nited States \a\y. This during 1961-63, and m acquired on loan by Set* Zealand in 24 Cleveland Street ship MM also renamed HMNZS ENDE'A YOt R and used on the 1970. Her original name of CHARLES II I) \ MS was changed Chippendale, NSW Antarctic run until her return to the I nited States in 1971. (inly a lo TUI to carry on the nell-knonn name of the old Bird class HMSZ.S PAEA raj one of a number of HDML's used in the small ship nith an overall length of MO feet, she possessed a full tranlcr. TIT is manned hy 8 officers, 16 ratings and IS scientists. survey role since World War II. She nas painted nhite and car Phone: 699 4828 load displacement of 4133 tons. (Photo — John Mortimer.) ried no armament. NAVY September. 19B1 September, 1981 T C Page Fifty-Two THE H Page f n. --Three Compliments from Peter Blondell & Sons BUCHANAN & BROCK Pty Ltd NAVY LEAGUE Building Contractors to the Department of Defence ^ SHIP REPAIR PTY LTD Just Completed Contracting to Rehabilitate Wharf at DIVISIONAL Navad Depot, Brisbane. Old Manne Engineers and Boilermakers Supplying Eye Plates and Other Killings to the Phone: Brisbane (07) 399 3844 & CADET NEWS Royal Australian Navy Contact us for Your Special Requirements or Gold Coast (075) 31 5868 To Enquire About Your Special Needs. Write TELEPHONE: (03) 64 2648 Custodian of TS PERTH, Lieutenant Merv Munro, was 34 LORIMER STREET 4 Scott St, Hawthorne, Qld WA DIVISION NOTES honoured at the June meeting of the WA Executive Council when SOUTH MELBOURNE. VIC by VICJEFFERY, he was made a Life Member of Navy League in honoui oi his Publicity Officer long and conscientious service in this role. Saturday, 27th June, saw the Christening of the GASC unit TS SWAN's new four-metre rescue boat at the Navy League's HMAS Stirling celebrated lU third birthday on 28th July. Naval Officers, tor your Personalised Tailored to Measure Union Tank Co headquarters. TS PERTH. The boat was appropriately named During its brief history, since commissioning, 52 different Uniforms, see "Mam's Lamb". warships, comprising 30 surface vessels, 18 nuclear-submarines Contractors to the R.A.N. and four conventional submarines have berthed at the facility. They have totalled 230,000 tonnes (standard load). Regalia Craft Pty Ltd Tanks constructed for all applications and standards. The Navy needs the best — So do you A social gel-together was held on Friday, 17th July, at TS PERTH to allow the Navy League to explain its objectives to the SOUTH AUSTRALIAN DIVISIONAL NEWS Also Epaulettes. Braiding and Badges Phone: 602 7897 parents and friends of the NRC unit TS PERTH and the GASC We also Cater for Your Civilian Needs unit TS SWAN. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING Or writ* to th« Manager at: The Navy League's WA Division President, Captain Len This year we have set the dale of Monday. 1st September, for Ring (09) 328 4194 Vickridge, OBE. VRD, RANR (Retd) spoke on behalf of the Unit 10 our Annual General Meeting and we hope that the members will OR CALL League. 352-356 Newbridge Road keep this date free to join us. ROOM 7, WILLIAM STREET ARCADE The meeting will be held in the office of Matters and Co, Moorebank, NSW, 2170 In a recent colourful ceremony the Geraldton Sub-Branch of First Floor, 91 Grenfell Street, Adelaide, at 8.00 pm. 193 WILLIAM ST. PERTH, WA the RSL presented the NRC unit TS MORROW with new colours. CHRISTMAS CABARET Friday. 26ih June, saw the CO of TS PRTH, Lieutenant We want members to mark the date of Saturday, 28th Commander Steve Hawkes officially pay-off from the cadet unit, November, 1981, in their diary, so that they will be able to join MARKS BROS ELECTRICAL TS PERTH. Steve joined the unit 16 years ago and in a record of with other members and friends of the Navy League for an distinguished service rose from a recruit to command the unit. He enjoyable evening at HMAS ENCOUNTER. PTY LTD has also tendered his resignation from the WA Executive Council We are holding a Christmas Cabaret, which promises to be of Navy League. Suppliers to ttte Royal Australian Navy of Electrical Equipment. an excellent night, dancing to the music of the ever popular 0i*mg and Breathing Apparatus Full Comprehensive Advice and The position of Commanding Officer is yet to be filled and "Little Rubber Band". Lieutenant Commander Richard Twiss is carrying out the duties Service to all Naval Personnel and their lamilies The Cost or Tickets will be S9.00 per head all inclusive, ALTERATIONS & REPAIRS, PAINTING of acting CO until such an appointment is made. which covers supper and all drinks (spirits, beer, wine and soft Want to learn to Dive, men call m and See John or Don Marts at WE COV£fi THE NT. WITH PAINT drinks). The tickets will be available for sale from the end of July 82 FERGUSON STREET PHOHt DARWIN and we hope that you will all make up a party to bring your C. LA0U3IS friends along to this very popular function. WILLIAMSTOWN, VIC I' 0 BOK ISO. DARWIN 2 BYL AND ROAD. NIGHTCLIFF 85 2606 Telephone: (03) 397 5139 Cnr. McMillan* Rd & Rylond Rd FOR PERSONAL APPOINTMENT Approved Contractors to RAN IMEEC ELECTRICAL PTY LTD Become a blood Electrical Contractors to the Royal Australian Navy donor NOW A complete electrical service available for alt aspects ot industrial and heavy industrial projects Phone: 487 2888 rsememoer, the life uou 75 Pacific Highway, Waitara, NSW Aave mint be if our own Pictured abo\e are the section of the complement or TS Perth -. 3fc_ ^ AND AT: nhich attended a camp on (harden Island. V\ A, during May. The "" "" Bomaderry Via Nowro. NSW parly m commanded by Perth's mining officer. Sub- Forty Years of Service - HMAS/TC\ COI.AC. (Photo - Ross Phone:(044)2 2612 Lieutenant John Ashnorth. Cillett.) September, 1* September, 1961 THE NAVY Page Fifty-Five Page Fifty-Four nt \i si K\11 \ Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting of the Navy League of Australia will be held at the Imperial Service Club. Ltd. 33 York Street. Sydney. NSW 2001 in the Conference Room, at 8.00pm on Friday. 6th November. 1981 KAIMOM BUSINESS )!} To mnvc the report of the Federal Council and to consider matters arising therefrom s.G.e. (2) To receive the financial statements for the yeai ended Wth June. 1981. PIT. LTDt (3) To elect office bearers for 1981 82 as follows: (a) Federal President (h) Federal Vice-Presidents (2) (c) Federal Council Members ul i Auditor Nominations for ihc above lo be lodged *nh ihc Honorary Secretary ELECTRONICS PROJECTS DIVISION prior to the meeting (4) General Business. TELECOMMUNICATIONS By Order o( the Council J H M PATERSOM A DIVISION OF GEC AUSTRALIA LTD HOno'Str Fft*l S*Cft*ry SERVICE I KnwUKMd Slraal Btlwpn Victoria ItU Designers of Special Power Systems Leaders in the Field of Military and Industrial Service to all Electronic CONTINUES TO PROVIDE POWER (NSW DIVISION) and Communications Equipment. Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting of the NSW Division of The Navy League of Australia will be held in the TO THE NAVY Conference Room. 2nd Floor. PSO Building, 2 Castlereach Street. Sydney. NSW 2000. at 5 30 pm on Wednesday. 30th September. im. BUSINESS Four Mobile 500 Kva Frequency changes and one 5000 (I) To receive the report of ihc Executive Commit tee of The Victorian Have Now Increased their Workshop Division for the year ended JOih June, 198] Kva Ground Mounted will supply a total of 7000 Kva of 60 (2» To receive the accounts for the Division for the year ended 30th June, Capacity and Stock a Wide Range of 1981 Hz power to HMAS STALWART, MELBOURNE and other (3) To elect the Executive Committee for 1981-82. Mil Spec Components in Addition to (4) To appoint an Auditor. ships at Naval Dockyard, Garden Island, Sydney (5) General Business. the Silicon Valley Range By Order of the Executive Committee. M Wanuh Baod Timamurra. NSW HT«. The 5000 Kva 50/60 Hz frequency changer plant being nil \ \\s ii \(.i i OI M s I K \1 I \ A Contract Service Facility to provided by the Power Systems Department of GEC Army, Navy and Air Force PROJECTS DIVISION is the largest of its kind in Australia. (VICTORIAN DIVISION) Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting of the Victorian Division of the Navy League of Australia will be held at the Melbourne State College. 757 Swanston Street. Carlton, in Conference Room S 820. Level 8. Science Education Building at 7.45 pm, on Monday, Uth September. 1981 373 Horsley Road, Milperra, NSW 2214 BUSINESS (1) To receive the report of the Executive Committee of the Victorian Division for the year ended 30th June, 1981. 105-109 Eldridge Rd (2) To receive the accounts of the Division for the vear ended 30th June, 1981 Telephone: (02) 772 0333 (3) To elect the Executive Committee for 1981/82. Bankstown, NSW (4) To appoint an Auditor. (5) General Business: To deal with any matter notified in writing to the Honorary Secretary by 7th September, 1981. Phone: (02) 709 4706 By Order of the Executive Committee. J.H. H PATERSON Hon0. fry SlC'ltM'T IJMalva'nRoad Mont Albert. Victoria JUT Ptge Fifty-Six THE NAVY September, II MONEl. INCOLOY. INCONEL ALLOYS. SAILORS DELIGHT. MONEL* nickel-copper alloys Each has distinguished service Australian Distributors: 400 and K-500 have been sea experience aboard ship and along Wright & Company Pty. Limited- going since the early twenties. the shoreline where metal must Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, INCONEL* nickel-chromium resist corrosion and/or high Adelaide, Perth. alloy 625 has been available for temperatures. New Zealand Distributor: duty for about ten years. It's the kind of experience you Dickinson's Metal Sales Limited- INCOLOY' nickel-iron- can expect from Huntington chromium alloy 825 has been on Alloys, the world's leading Auckland. Christchurch. board for twenty years or more. producer and developer of high- nickel alloys. A nunroieiori RUCKS IftCO A Unit of International Nickel Australia Limited. INCQ NICKEL ALLOYS 14 Queens Road. Melbourne. Victoria. 3004 Tel 2673666 "CD INC 4MB Published by Percival Publishing Co Pty Ltd. 862-870 Elizabeth Street. Waterloo. 2017. phone 899 2600. with permission ot the Navy League of Australia, and printed by Maxwell Printing Co Pty Ltd PLEASE NOTE THIS MATERIAL WAS FILMED AT A REDUCTION RATIO OF 23.5x SOME PAGES MAY CONTAIN POOR PRINT, TIGHT BINDING, FLAWS AND OTHER DEFECTS WHICH APPEAR ON THE FILM