DOCSLIB.ORG

Sedimentation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sedimentation United States Department of National Agriculture Soil Engineering Conservation Service Handbook Section 3 Sedimentation Chapter 9 Units and General ................................................................................. 9-1 Metric system (81) conversion ................................................................ 9-1 L Rules for style and usage ................................................................. 9-2 Conversionfactors ....................................................................... 9-2 Other conversions ......................................................................... 9-8 References ............................................................................... 9-15 Figures Page 9-1. Conversion of tons to acre-feet for various volume-weights.. 9-9 Tables Page 9-1. Base units of the International System (SI) . 9-1 9-2. Prefixes for use in multiples of International System (SI) units. 9-2 9-3. Conversion factors for hydraulic volumes . 9-11 9-4. Greekalphabet ...................................................................... 9-11 9-5. Map scales and area equivalents . 9-12 9-6. Volume-weight conversions . 9-13 9-7. Conversion of inches to feet . 9-14 Chapter 9 Units and Equivalents General Metric System (SI) Conversion Various lists, tables, and charts are included in Most of the procedures, formulas, and tables in this section for the convenience of geologists com- this handbook are presented in English units. Con- 'b piling information on rates, volumes, and quan- version factors are included in this chapter for tities of sediment, rock formations, and geologic those who wish to use the metric system. Table 9-1 processes. The only explanations in the tables and shows pertinent base units of the International charts are those necessary to give the basis for the System of Units (SO, and table 9-2 shows prefixes information presented. The conversion factors to be used with SI units. shown are generally four significant digits; more precise conversion factors of five or more signifi- cant digits may be needed in some instances. In all Table 9-1.-Base units of the International System (SI) conversions, retain enough significant digits to en- sure that accuracy is neither sacrificed nor Base unit exaggerated. Quantity Name Symbol Length meter (metre)' m MassZ kilogram kg Time second s 'Both spelling are acceptable. =Weight is the commonly used term for mass. Table 9-2.-Prefixes for use in multiples of International Rules for Style and Usage System (SI) units Mutiplier Prefix Symbol The choice of the appropriate prefix (multiplierhi of an SI unit is governed by convenience. The 10l8 exa E 10l6 peta P multiple chosen for a particular application is the 10" tera T one that yields numerical values within a practical los G range. 1O6 mega M Use a slash (0 to form a compound unit by lo8 kilo k dividing one unit by another, e.g., mh, kg/ma. lo2 hectoa h 10' dekaa da Area or volume units are indicated by the ap- 10-I decia d propriate superscript, e.g., kma or m3. 10" centia c Do not use multiple prefixes, such as dkm or pml. milli m lo-% micro Cc lo4 nano n 10-l2 pic0 P 10-l6 femto f 10-l8 atto a Fl'hese prefixes are generally not recommended. Multiples of 1,000 are preferred. Conversion Factors To Convert Into Multiply By A acre hectares or square hectometers 0.4047 square feet ($q ft)a 43,560. square meteds (ma) 4,047. square miles (sq mi) 1.562 x acre-feet (acre-ft) cubic feet (cu ft) 43,560 cubic yards (cu yd) 1,613. gallons (gal) 325,850. megaliters (ML) 1.234 cubic meters (ms) 1,234. cubic dekameters (dams) 1.234 acre-inches 12.00 acre-feetlsquare mile cubic feetlacre 68.06 (acre-ftlsq mi) tonslsquare mile (Tlsq mi) See fig. 9-1 tonslacre See fig. 9-lb watershed inches 0.01875 cubic meterslsquare kilometer (ms/kma) 476.3 acre-feet of water tons 1,359. cubic dekameters (dams) 1.234 megagrams (Mg) 1,234. 'These abbreviations may be used when their meaning is clear; otherwise spell them out. b~ftergetting tondsquare mile from figure 9-1, multiply by 1.56 x to con- vert to tonduere. To Convert -Into Multiply By L acre-inches acre-feet (acre-&) 0.08333 cubic feet (cu ft) 3,630. C Celsius (C) Fahrenheit (F) centimeters (cm) feet (ft) inches (in) meters (m) millimeters (mm) centimeterstsecond (cmls) feetlminute (ftlmin) cubic centimeters (cmS) cubic feet (cu ft) cubic inches (cu in) U.S. gallons (US. gal) liters (L) U.S. pints U.S. quarts cubic dekameters (dams) acre-feet (acre-ft) cubic feet (cu ft) cubic centimeters (cmS) cubic inches (cu in) cubic meters (m3) cubic yards (cu yd) U.S. gallons (U.S. gal) liters (L) cubic feettacre acre-inches acre-feet (acre-ft) cubic feet of water pounds (Ib) L kilogramstsquare centimeter (kg/cma) kilogramstsquare meter (kg/m2) poundstsquare foot (psf) poundstsquare inch (psi) cubic feettsecond (cfs) acre-feet per day (acre-fttd) acre-feet per year (acre-ft/yr) gallonstminute (gpm) million gallonstday (mgd) cubic meterstsecond (ms/s) literstsecond (Lts) cubic feet/second/square liters/second~squarekilometer mile (csm) (L/s/kma) cubic feetlsecond-days cubic feet cubic inches (cu in) cubic centimeters (cmS) cubic feet (cu ft) cubic meters (ms) cubic feet (cu ft) U.S. gallons (U.S. gal) cubic yards (cu yd) cubic meterstsecond (mS/s) million gallonstday (M galld) cubic meterstsquare acre-feettsquare mile kilometer (ms/kma) cubic mile (U.S. statute) acre-feet (acre-ft) cubic yards (cu yd) cubic centimeters (cms) To Convert -Into Multiply By cubic feet (cu ft) cubic meters (mS) acre-feet (acre-ft) D days seconds (s) degrees Fahrenheit (F) degrees Celsius (C) F Fahrenheit (F) Celsius (C) feet (ft) centimeters (cm) kilometers (km) feet (ft) meters (m) miles (mi) centimeterstsecond (cds) feettsecond (fps) kilometershour (kmh) miledhour (mih) feetlsecond (fps) meterstminute (mlmin) meterstsecond (ds) mileshour (mph) kilometershour (kmh) G gallons (U.S.) cubic centimeters (cm3) cubic feet (cu ft) cubic inches (cu in) cubic meters (mS) gallons-British Imperial (gal Br. Imp.) liters (L) gallons of water pounds of water gallonstminute (gpm) cubic feettsecond ' (ds) cubic meterstday (m3/d) literstsecond (Lts) cubic feethour (cu fth) grams pounds (Ib) 2.205 x grams of water cubic centimeters of water 1.0 (at 4°C) (cm3 of H,O) gramstcubic centimeter kilograms/cubic meter (kg/m3) (gtcm3) gramstcubic meter (g/m3) partstmillion (ppm) H hectares acres square feet (sq ft) hours (h) days (d) weeks (wk) True within 1 percent when concentr* tion is less than 1,000 ppm (g/m8 = mg/L). To Convert Into Multiply By 1 inches (in) centimeters (cm) 2.540 inches (watershed) cubic feet/second/square mile (csm) 13.584 inches eroded tons (t)d 1.815 x volume wt (pcD of up- land soil K kilograms (kg) pounds, avoirdupois (lb) tons (T) megagrams (Mg) or tonnes kilograms/second (kglsec) tondyear (Tlyr) kilograms/cubic meter pounds/cubic foot (pcf) (kglms) kilometers (km) miles (mi) L liters (L) cubic centimeters (cma) cubic feet (cu ft) gallons (gal) liters/second cubic feet/second (cfs) liters/second/square cubic feet/second/square mile (csm) kilometer (L/s/km2) M megagrams (Mg) tons (T) megagramslsquare kilometer tons/square mile (Mgkm2) megaliters (ML) acre-feet (acre-ft) meters (m) yards O.d) feet (ft) inches (in) miles, U.S.Stat. (mi) meters/second (rnfs) feetlsecond (fttsec) micrometer bm) meters (m) cubic dekameters (dams) miles, U.S. Stat. (mi) kilometers (km) mileshour (mph) feet/second (fps) milliliters (ml) liters (L) millimeters (mm) inches (in) micrometers (pn) million gallons/day (mgd) cubic feetlsecond (cfs) acre-feettday cubic/meters/minute (ma/min) minutes, angular (mid degrees (deg) d~onsmeans short tons (2,000 lb) unless otherwise indicated To Convert -Into Multiply By 0 ounces (02) grams (g) pounds (lb) ounceslgallon (U.S.) gramsfliter (gm/L) (ozlgal-U.S.) P parts per million (ppm) gramslcubic meter (glm? pounds (lb) grains grams (g) kilograms (kg) ounces (02) tons pounds of water cubic feet (cu ft) cubic inches (cu in) gallons (gal) pounds of waterlminute cubic feetlsecond (cfs) poundslcubic foot (pcf) gramslcubic centimeter (g/cmS) kilogramslcubic meter (kglms) poundslcubic inch gramslcubic centimeter (g/cma) poundslgallon (U.S.) gramsfliter (g/L) poundslcubic foot (pd) tonslacre-foot (Tlacre-ft) kilogramslcubic meter (kg/ms) poundslsquare foot (psf) poundslsquare inch (psi) pounds/second~foot kilogramslsecond/meter R rods feet (ft) miles (mi) S seconds (s) days square centimeters (cma) square inches (sq in) square feet (sq ft) acres square meters (ma) square inches (sq in) square centimeters (cmP) square kilometers (kml) square miles (sq mi) acres square meters (ma) square feet (sq ft) square yards (sq yd) square miles (sq mi) acres square feet (sq ft) square kilometers &ma) square meters (ma) square yards (sq yd) square yards (sq yd) square feet (sq ft) square meters (ma) e!l"rue within 1 percent when concentra. tion is less than 10,000 ppm (g/ma = mg/L). To Convert -Into Multiply By tonnes tons 1.103 pounds Ob) 2,205. megagrams (Mg) 1.000 tons (long) pounds Ob) 2,240. tons 1.102 pounds Ob) 2,205. tons kilograms (kg) 907.2 megagrams (Mg) 0.9072 pounds (lb) 2,000. tons (long) 0.8929 tonnes 0.9072 tonslsquare mile acre-feetlsquare mile See fig. 9-1A and B (acre-ftlsq mi) megagramslsquare kilometer (MgM) tonslacre (Tlacre) tons of water124 hr pounds of waterhour gallonslminute (gpm) cubic feetlhour (cu ftthr) tonslacre-foot poundslcubic foot (pcf) W watershed inches acre-feetlsquare mile (acre-ftlsq mi) 53.33 acre-feet (total) 53.33 x drainage area in sq mi Other Conversions Figures 9-1A and 9-1B are charts for converting various volume-weights or weights of sediment per acre-foot to tons. Table 9-3 is convenient for con- versions of hydraulic or sedimentation data. Table 9-4 shows the Greek alphabet. Table 9-5 shows map scales and equivalents for use with aerial photographs and U.S.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Water Heater Formulas and Terminology
    More resources http://waterheatertimer.org/9-ways-to-save-with-water-heater.html http://waterheatertimer.org/Figure-Volts-Amps-Watts-for-water-heater.html http://waterheatertimer.org/pdf/Fundamentals-of-water-heating.pdf FORMULAS & FACTS BTU (British Thermal Unit) is the heat required to raise 1 pound of water 1°F 1 BTU = 252 cal = 0.252 kcal 1 cal = 4.187 Joules BTU X 1.055 = Kilo Joules BTU divided by 3,413 = Kilowatt (1 KW) FAHRENHEIT CENTIGRADE 32 0 41 5 To convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius: 60.8 16 (°F – 32) x 5/9 or .556 = °C. 120.2 49 140 60 180 82 212 100 One gallon of 120°F (49°C) water BTU output (Electric) = weighs approximately 8.25 pounds. BTU Input (Not exactly true due Pounds x .45359 = Kilogram to minimal flange heat loss.) Gallons x 3.7854 = Liters Capacity of a % of hot water = cylindrical tank (Mixed Water Temp. – Cold Water – 1⁄ 2 diameter (in inches) Temp.) divided by (Hot Water Temp. x 3.146 x length. (in inches) – Cold Water Temp.) Divide by 231 for gallons. % thermal efficiency = Doubling the diameter (GPH recovery X 8.25 X temp. rise X of a pipe will increase its flow 1.0) divided by BTU/H Input capacity (approximately) 5.3 times. BTU output (Gas) = GPH recovery x 8.25 x temp. rise x 1.0 FORMULAS & FACTS TEMP °F RISE STEEL COPPER Linear expansion of pipe 50° 0.38˝ 0.57˝ – in inches per 100 Ft. 100° .076˝ 1.14˝ 125° .092˝ 1.40˝ 150° 1.15˝ 1.75˝ Grain – 1 grain per gallon = 17.1 Parts Per million (measurement of water hardness) TC-092 FORMULAS & FACTS GPH (Gas) = One gallon of Propane gas contains (BTU/H Input X % Eff.) divided by about 91,250 BTU of heat.
    [Show full text]
  • How Does the Thermometer Work?
    How Does the Thermometer Work? How Does the Thermometer Work? A thermometer is a device that measures the temperature of things. The name is made up of two smaller words: "Thermo" means heat and "meter" means to measure. You can use a thermometer to tell the temperature outside or inside your house, inside your oven, even the temperature of your body if you're sick. One of the earliest inventors of a thermometer was probably Galileo. We know him more for his studies about the solar system and his "revolutionary" theory (back then) that the earth and planets rotated around the sun. Galileo is said to have used a device called a "thermoscope" around 1600 - that's 400 years ago!! The thermometers we use today are different than the ones Galileo may have used. There is usually a bulb at the base of the thermometer with a long glass tube stretching out the top. Early thermometers used water, but because water freezes there was no way to measure temperatures less than the freezing point of water. So, alcohol, which freezes at temperature below the point where water freezes, was used. The red colored or silver line in the middle of the thermometer moves up and down depending on the temperature. The thermometer measures temperatures in Fahrenheit, Celsius and another scale called Kelvin. Fahrenheit is used mostly in the United States, and most of the rest of the world uses Celsius. Kelvin is used by scientists. Fahrenheit is named after the German physicist Gabriel D. Fahrenheit who developed his scale in 1724.
    [Show full text]
  • Math Assessment 5.0A
    Math Assessment 5.0A . Name:_______________________________Date: 1. Solve. 2. Solve. 3 x (6 +1) = [8 x (10 - 3)] * 12= a. iq a. 68 b. 21 b. 80 c. 10 c. 152 d. 16 d. 02 3. Solve. H. Add parentheses to make {[5 * (2 x 3)] x (3 x 6)}= the statement true. 8 x 10 + 5 = 120 a. 378 b. 108 a (8) x 10 * 5 c. 201 b. (8x0) *5 d. 388 c. 8 x (10 + 5) d. The statement is already true. 5. Compare 36 - (3 + 6) and 6. How do parentheses in an 36 - 3 ♦ 6. equation affect the answer? viam Assessmem 5.0A .2 N am e-_____________________ ___________ Date: 1. Choose the words that 2. Choose the numerical match the numerical expression that matches expression. (3 +13) x 2 the words. Add 6 and 6. then divide b y 2. a. Add three and thirteen multiplied by two. a. 6 + 6 * 2 b. Add three and thirteen, b. (6 *6) *2 then multiply by two. c. 2 * 6 + 6 c. Add three and thirteen, d. 2 * (6 + 6) then add two. 3. Choose the numerical H. Choose the words that expression that matches match the numerical the words. Multiply the sum expression. IHH * 12 o f 3 and 2 by the sum o f 5 and i a. 12 divided by IHH a. 3 x 2 + 5 x 1 b. Divide IHH by 12 b. 3 + 2 + 5 +1 c. IHH multiplied by 12 c. (3 + 2) x (5 +1) d. Divide 12 by IHH d.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI)
    Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) m kg s cd SI mol K A NIST Special Publication 811 2008 Edition Ambler Thompson and Barry N. Taylor NIST Special Publication 811 2008 Edition Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) Ambler Thompson Technology Services and Barry N. Taylor Physics Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 (Supersedes NIST Special Publication 811, 1995 Edition, April 1995) March 2008 U.S. Department of Commerce Carlos M. Gutierrez, Secretary National Institute of Standards and Technology James M. Turner, Acting Director National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 811, 2008 Edition (Supersedes NIST Special Publication 811, April 1995 Edition) Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Spec. Publ. 811, 2008 Ed., 85 pages (March 2008; 2nd printing November 2008) CODEN: NSPUE3 Note on 2nd printing: This 2nd printing dated November 2008 of NIST SP811 corrects a number of minor typographical errors present in the 1st printing dated March 2008. Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) Preface The International System of Units, universally abbreviated SI (from the French Le Système International d’Unités), is the modern metric system of measurement. Long the dominant measurement system used in science, the SI is becoming the dominant measurement system used in international commerce. The Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of August 1988 [Public Law (PL) 100-418] changed the name of the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and gave to NIST the added task of helping U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Multidisciplinary Design Project Engineering Dictionary Version 0.0.2
    Multidisciplinary Design Project Engineering Dictionary Version 0.0.2 February 15, 2006 . DRAFT Cambridge-MIT Institute Multidisciplinary Design Project This Dictionary/Glossary of Engineering terms has been compiled to compliment the work developed as part of the Multi-disciplinary Design Project (MDP), which is a programme to develop teaching material and kits to aid the running of mechtronics projects in Universities and Schools. The project is being carried out with support from the Cambridge-MIT Institute undergraduate teaching programe. For more information about the project please visit the MDP website at http://www-mdp.eng.cam.ac.uk or contact Dr. Peter Long Prof. Alex Slocum Cambridge University Engineering Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Trumpington Street, 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge. Cambridge MA 02139-4307 CB2 1PZ. USA e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] tel: +44 (0) 1223 332779 tel: +1 617 253 0012 For information about the CMI initiative please see Cambridge-MIT Institute website :- http://www.cambridge-mit.org CMI CMI, University of Cambridge Massachusetts Institute of Technology 10 Miller’s Yard, 77 Massachusetts Ave. Mill Lane, Cambridge MA 02139-4307 Cambridge. CB2 1RQ. USA tel: +44 (0) 1223 327207 tel. +1 617 253 7732 fax: +44 (0) 1223 765891 fax. +1 617 258 8539 . DRAFT 2 CMI-MDP Programme 1 Introduction This dictionary/glossary has not been developed as a definative work but as a useful reference book for engi- neering students to search when looking for the meaning of a word/phrase. It has been compiled from a number of existing glossaries together with a number of local additions.
    [Show full text]
  • Units of Weight and Measure : Definitions and Tables of Equivalents
    Units of Weight and Measure (United States Customary and Metric) Definitions and Tables of Equivalents United States Department of Commerce National Bureau of Standards Miscellaneous Publication 233 THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS Functions and Activities The functions of the National Bureau of Standards are set forth in the Act of Congress, March 3, 1901, as amended by Congress in Public Law 619, 1950. These include the development and maintenance of the national standards of measurement and the provision of means and methods for making measurements consistent with these standards; the determination of physical constants and properties of materials; the development of methods and instruments for testing materials, devices, and structures; advisory services to government agencies on scientific and technical problems; invention and development of devices to serve special needs of the Government; and the development of standard practices, codes, and specifications. The work includes basic and applied research, development, engineering, instrumentation, testing, evaluation, calibration services, and various consultation and information services. Research projects are also performed for other government agencies when the work relates to and supplements the basic program of the Bureau or when the Bureau's unique competence is required. The scope of activities is suggested by the fisting of divisions and sections on the inside of the back cover. Publications The results of the Bureau's work take the form of either actual equipment and devices
    [Show full text]
  • Temperature Scales (Celsius Vs Fahrenheit)
    TEMPERATURE SCALES (CELSIUS VS FAHRENHEIT) The Celsius (also known as centigrade) temperature scale is the overwhelmingly popular scale around the world. Americans are really the only folks stubborn enough to hang on to our old habits. Anders Celsius, (1701 – 1744) born in Uppsala Sweden, was one of a large number of scientists (all related) originating from Ovanåker in the province of Hälsingland. The family name is a latinised version of the name of the vicarage (Högen). His grandfathers were both professors in Uppsala: Magnus Celsius the mathematician and Anders Spole the astronomer. His father, Nils Celsius, was also professor in astronomy. Celsius, who was said to have been very talented in mathematics from an early age, was appointed professor of astronomy in 1730. For his metereological observations he constructed his world famous Celsius thermometer, with 0 for the boiling point of water and 100 for the freezing point. After his death in 1744 the scale was reversed to its present form. http://www.astro.uu.se/history/Celsius_eng.html What can be considered the first modern thermometer, the mercury thermometer with a standardized scale, was invented by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) in 1714. The Fahrenheit scale divided the freezing and boiling points of water into 180 degrees. 32°F was the freezing p0int of water and 212°F was the boiling point of water. 0°F was based on the temperature of an equal mixture of water, ice, and salt. Daniel Fahrenheit based his temperature scale on the temperature of the human body. Originally, the human body temperature was 100° F on the Fahrenheit scale, but it has since been adjusted to 98.6°F.
    [Show full text]
  • Metric System Conversion Factors1 J
    AGR39 Metric System Conversion Factors1 J. Bryan Unruh, Barry J. Brecke, and Ramon G. Leon-Gonzalez2 Area Equivalents 1 Hectare (ha) 2 1 Acre (A) = 10,000 square meters (m ) 2 = 100 are (a) = 43,560 square feet (ft ) = 2.471 acres (A) = 4,840 square yards (yd2) = 0.405 hectares (ha) 1 Square Foot (ft) = 160 square rods (rd2) 2 = 4,047 square meters (m2) = 144 square inches (in ) = 929.03 square centimeters (cm2) 2 1 Acre-inch (ac-in) = 0.0929 square meters (m ) 3 = 102.8 cubic meters (m ) 1 Square Mile (mi) = 27,154 gallons, US (gal) 2 = 3,630 cubic feet (ft3) = 27,878,400 square feet (ft ) = 3,097,600 square yards (yd2) 2 1 Are (a) = 640 square acres (A ) = 2,589,988.11 square meters (m2) = 100 square meters (m2) 2 = 119.6 square yards (yd ) 1 Square Rod (rd) = 0.025 acre (A) = 39,204 square inches (in2) = 272.25 square feet (ft2) 1 Cubic Foot (ft) 2 3 = 30.25 square yards (yds ) = 1,728 cubic inches (in ) = 25.3 square meters (m2) = 0.037 cubic yards (yds3) 3 = 0.02832 cubic meters (cm ) 1 Square Yard (yd) = 28,320 cubic centimeters (cm3) = 9 square feet (ft2) 2 1 Cubic Yard (yd) = 0.836 square meters (m ) = 27 cubic feet (ft3) = 0.764 cubic meters (m3) 1. This document is AGR39, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date November 1993. Revised December 2014. Reviewed December 2017. Visit the EDIS website at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.
    [Show full text]
  • Manual of Style
    Manual Of Style 1 MANUAL OF STYLE TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS ...............3 101.0 Scope .............................................. 3 102.0 Codes and Standards..................... 3 103.0 Code Division.................................. 3 104.0 Table of Contents ........................... 4 CHAPTER 2 ADMINISTRATION .........................6 201.0 Administration ................................. 6 202.0 Chapter 2 Definitions ...................... 6 203.0 Referenced Standards Table ......... 6 204.0 Individual Chapter Administrative Text ......................... 6 205.0 Appendices ..................................... 7 206.0 Installation Standards ..................... 7 207.0 Extract Guidelines .......................... 7 208.0 Index ............................................... 9 CHAPTER 3 TECHNICAL STYLE .................... 10 301.0 Technical Style ............................. 10 302.0 Technical Rules ............................ 10 Table 302.3 Possible Unenforceable and Vague Terms ................................ 10 303.0 Health and Safety ........................ 11 304.0 Rules for Mandatory Documents .................................... 11 305.0 Writing Mandatory Requirements ............................... 12 Table 305.0 Typical Mandatory Terms............. 12 CHAPTER 4 EDITORIAL STYLE ..................... 14 401.0 Editorial Style ................................ 14 402.0 Definitions ...................................... 14 403.0 Units of Measure ............................ 15 404.0 Punctuation
    [Show full text]
  • Enghandbook.Pdf
    785.392.3017 FAX 785.392.2845 Box 232, Exit 49 G.L. Huyett Expy Minneapolis, KS 67467 ENGINEERING HANDBOOK TECHNICAL INFORMATION STEELMAKING Basic descriptions of making carbon, alloy, stainless, and tool steel p. 4. METALS & ALLOYS Carbon grades, types, and numbering systems; glossary p. 13. Identification factors and composition standards p. 27. CHEMICAL CONTENT This document and the information contained herein is not Quenching, hardening, and other thermal modifications p. 30. HEAT TREATMENT a design standard, design guide or otherwise, but is here TESTING THE HARDNESS OF METALS Types and comparisons; glossary p. 34. solely for the convenience of our customers. For more Comparisons of ductility, stresses; glossary p.41. design assistance MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL contact our plant or consult the Machinery G.L. Huyett’s distinct capabilities; glossary p. 53. Handbook, published MANUFACTURING PROCESSES by Industrial Press Inc., New York. COATING, PLATING & THE COLORING OF METALS Finishes p. 81. CONVERSION CHARTS Imperial and metric p. 84. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 3 Steelmaking 4 Metals and Alloys 13 Designations for Chemical Content 27 Designations for Heat Treatment 30 Testing the Hardness of Metals 34 Mechanical Properties of Metal 41 Manufacturing Processes 53 Manufacturing Glossary 57 Conversion Coating, Plating, and the Coloring of Metals 81 Conversion Charts 84 Links and Related Sites 89 Index 90 Box 232 • Exit 49 G.L. Huyett Expressway • Minneapolis, Kansas 67467 785-392-3017 • Fax 785-392-2845 • [email protected] • www.huyett.com INTRODUCTION & ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This document was created based on research and experience of Huyett staff. Invaluable technical information, including statistical data contained in the tables, is from the 26th Edition Machinery Handbook, copyrighted and published in 2000 by Industrial Press, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Thermometer ×
    This website would like to remind you: Your browser (Apple Safari 4) is out of date. Update your browser for more × security, comfort and the best experience on this site. Encyclopedic Entry thermometer For the complete encyclopedic entry with media resources, visit: http://education.nationalgeographic.com/encyclopedia/thermometer/ A thermometer is an instrument that measures temperature. It can measure the temperature of a solid such as food, a liquid such as water, or a gas such as air. The three most common units of measurement for temperature are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and kelvin. The Celsius scale is part of the metric system. The metric system of measurement also includes units of mass, such as kilograms, and units of length, such as kilometers. The metric system, including Celsius, is the official system of measurement for almost all countries in the world. Most scientific fields measure temperature using the Celsius scale. Zero degrees Celsius is the freezing point of water, and 100 degrees Celsius is the boiling point of water. Three nations do not use the Celsius scale. The United States, Burma, and Liberia use the Fahrenheit scale to measure temperature. However, even in these countries, scientists use the Celsius or kelvin scale to measure temperature. Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit and boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit. The Kelvin scale is used by physicists and other scientists who need to record very precise temperatures. The kelvin scale is the only unit of measurement to include the temperature for "absolute zero," the total absence of any heat energy. This makes the kelvin scale essential to scientists who calculate the temperature of objects in the cold reaches of outer space.
    [Show full text]
  • The International System of Units (SI) - Conversion Factors For
    NIST Special Publication 1038 The International System of Units (SI) – Conversion Factors for General Use Kenneth Butcher Linda Crown Elizabeth J. Gentry Weights and Measures Division Technology Services NIST Special Publication 1038 The International System of Units (SI) - Conversion Factors for General Use Editors: Kenneth S. Butcher Linda D. Crown Elizabeth J. Gentry Weights and Measures Division Carol Hockert, Chief Weights and Measures Division Technology Services National Institute of Standards and Technology May 2006 U.S. Department of Commerce Carlo M. Gutierrez, Secretary Technology Administration Robert Cresanti, Under Secretary of Commerce for Technology National Institute of Standards and Technology William Jeffrey, Director Certain commercial entities, equipment, or materials may be identified in this document in order to describe an experimental procedure or concept adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that the entities, materials, or equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose. National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publications 1038 Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Spec. Pub. 1038, 24 pages (May 2006) Available through NIST Weights and Measures Division STOP 2600 Gaithersburg, MD 20899-2600 Phone: (301) 975-4004 — Fax: (301) 926-0647 Internet: www.nist.gov/owm or www.nist.gov/metric TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD.................................................................................................................................................................v
    [Show full text]