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Home , Blocking (textile arts), Buttonhole (knitting), Grain (textile), Selvage

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ED.379 510 CE 068 348

AUTHOR Scholl, Jan TITLE 4-H Science Projects. INSTITUTION Pennsylvania State Univ., Univeriity Park. Cooperative Extension Service. PUB DATE 94 NOTE 24p.; For related documents, see CE 068 343-347. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Instructional Materials (For Learner) (051)

EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS ; Clothing Design; *Clothing Instruction; *Design Crafts; Elementary Secondary Education; Extracurricular Activities; Home Economics; *Home Management; *Learning Activities; *Student Organizations; Student Projects; * Instruction IDENTIFIERS *4 H Programs; Crocheting; ;

ABSTRACT This packet contains three 4-H textile arts projects for students in the textile sciences area. The projects cover weaving, knitting, and crocheting. Each project provides an overview of what the student will learn, what materials are needed, and suggested projects for the area. Projects can be adapted for beginning, intermediate, or advanced levels of skills. A step-by-step plan for doing the project, with instruction sheets and line drawings is included. Also included are a project record, ideas for sharing the project with others, and suggestions for additional projects. (KC)

*********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** 4-H Textile Science Textile Arts Projects

U S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Ofj Ice of Educational Research and Improvemont E r.1 CATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality.

Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."

BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2 44-1-1 Textile Science

-- Textile Arts Project

won .0041' ass Iss Iss °la ImoIs° hances are you already know something about weaving. Maybe you'vewoven strips of construc- tion paper together in art classor helped a family ...member weave a pie crust lattice. Maybe In. project, someone tearu: you :gave you a simple loomas a gift once. Well, fabrics are Howfabrics made the very same wayby rhovingyarns over and are made under each other to hold them in place. Whatis meant the fabric by th. " c ""of 1417:4;. Tr, Howto weave Ways intwoor more 1,1..afk How to useweaving Howto make tools anduse a

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iliatUetsmall items lirou orseveral A project type loomof some 011 a of clothor A wovenpiece

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Materials/Aced: Fabric tomake oneof the Scraps touse of labil ona loom Magm15/mg tapes, Parent glass andtrims or leaderor microscope to helpyou

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PENNSTATE I College of Agricultural Sciences Cooperative Extension

21111-1101-112-Imulzi How Fabrics examine these fabrics, you'll Are 'Made need a magniting glass. Lookat "" oiec aNlY Ct°1'1. a. %I Fo make fabric,h is each one. What do you see? r woup Pr vest 0201 first produced or made, Pull some yarns from scraps of vlat-i.g,Nvcavi-ls b .111 the % Hose ee V1-111 vaotkc ° then several arc thbric and untwist them to find ot cxy,can 'N° ,mitt Nor rryles). Ickes twisted or plied together the smallest part, called a fiber. sfyace- bosh to form yarns. These yarnsLook at the fiber under the r oiveoplekt°"' magnifying glass. Fibers are very are woven, knitted, or gsoup matted (like ) together. long compared to their width. loos Then a finish is added. Some are curly, while others are fuzzy, straight, or scaly. Materials for Place the magnifying glass over Mount a sample of Weaving woven, knitted, and your fabric and look again. Look Weaving can be done on your matted fabrics here: at the weave. How are the Yarns fingers, on paper plates, and on woven together? Have your other common items besides leader point out the various types regular looms. You can weave of grain. Lengthwise, crosswise, with grasses, leaves, paper, string, and true bias. pie crust, cooked spaghetti, , Move the magnifying glassto recycled fabrics, and even plastic the . The yarns lying bags! You can make a human lengthwise are called warp or loom, too. (See next page.) woof yarns. The yarns lying Think about reusing or recy- crosswise are called weft or tilling cling materials for yarns or for yarns. Sometimes the yarns in theyour loom. For instance, you warp and the weft arc made from could strips from old T-. different fibers. A mesh sack that holds potatoes WOVEN Examine a pair of jeans and a or onions makes a good base for washcloth or towel. Look at bothweaving. So does burlap. You can sides of a satin fabric. How are pull out some of the yarns and they different from your fabrics? replace them with other types of Look again at the lengthwise yarns. and crosswise yarns of the fabric. Use a bodkin or a large needle These yarns make the grainline ofand fibers, ribbons, and the fabric and must he straight. yarns as your tilling. If you're Some fabrics are not printed on making a wall hanging, you may the grain. 1)o not buy these want to incorporate twigs, old fabrics because it will be very spoons, or other materials. difficult to get the print to drape Start by doing simple construc- and not appear crooked. They tion paper weaving. You may also KNITTED usually can't be straightened. have a loop loom that you re- ceived long ago as a gift. Get it

Experionent aft" out and experiment! IPtill .1481 b0th loft Icrosswise,Wayson notice and the lengthw any true ise, anyditl&rence?bias.1)o II grain you 1It is follows Verystrong the I Onegrain and selvage. gives will Oyarns a littlenotgive that ancl Onegrain are less Wien is strong. 1I41. aft Stretelly. se. ift. 4.10 eft eftam. MATTED eft ma. 4 BEST COPY AVAILABLE 4 How a Loom Works r Boredom has always forced Human Loom people to find new ways to speed Fun for you and your friends! the weaving plums and to make If you don't have the exact the woven product more beauti- materials, improvise with ful! A heddle is a time saver. The what you do have. heddle opens an area called the , making it easier to go over What you need: and under the yarns all at the 100feet of polypropylene same time. The yarns are carried (yellow) by what is known as the shuttle 100 feet of hemp rope and pushed together by the (natural brown) cut into beater. The heddle brings up seven equal lengths (about both sheds alternately up and 14 feet each) down. 15 participants Many looms can be fitted with sheds. A popsicle stick loom is What to do: one such loom. Line up 14 participants in r two rows of seven, then When the heddle is raised or turn to face one another, Popsicle Stick forming seven pairs. Loom lowered, the yarn will move What you will need: up and down, creating a space Each pair is given one Tape or band six popsicle in between (called the shed). length of brown rope (loom warp) sticks together and drill a Alternate the shed by raising small hole in the c'mter. Line and lowering the popsicle Another participant is given up the sticks so there is 1/8 heddle loom and sliding the one end of the yellow rope inch of space between each shuttle yarn through in alter- (loom wcft) stick and the holes all line up. nate directions. To finish, Number each pair 1, 2, 1, Glue the sticks to two other untie the original knots and 2, 1, 2, 1 popsicle sticks, one at the top retie them at the edges of the weaving. leftover yarn to The #1 pairs kneel, while and the other at the bottom. the #2 pairs remain stand- Let dry. A power stapler may create a fringe. ing. be used to secure the sticks. Note: When you start, you'll want to tie some of the yarn in The participant with tile Cut 11 lengths of yarn yellow rope walks over the (twice the size of the project). back so you don't have to reach so far to use the shuttle. #2 warps and under the #1 Thread six lengths through warps. Also try weaving both tightly the holes and five through the and loosely to create interest- Continue until most of the spaces. Make ends even and ing patterns in your weaving. warp space is used. The tie into a large knot at each weft person may have to end. crawl through the last few Tie one end to a sturdy passes. object and the other end to When finished, push the the waist with a belt or a piece close to- of extra yarn. gether to see the plain Make a popsicle stick weave . shuttle by cutting a "V" in each end of the stick and Human loom activity developed by sanding smooth. (You can Charlotte W. Coffman, Cornell University. also use a tongue depressor.) Wrap the yarn around from the inside of one "V" to the next several times. J L

BESTcoil AVAILABLE What I learned in this project (new skills, new words)

What I shared with others (presentations, helping other members, community service) TOPIC OR SKILL. DATE NUMBER IN AUDIENCE

Project story r Use this space to write about your project. What did you do? What did you enjoy doing most? Least? Tell about the type of loom you used or made and the materials you selected. Include a picture or draw a sketch of your final project. Tell about any weaving books you read, the resource people who helped you, and the activities at your group meetings. weaving Project Record 4-H Textile Science

Name

Address Textile Arts Project L .J Age as of January 1

Club

Number of years in this project

Number of years in Textile Science projects

Leader's signature

What I made for my project .n --

ITEM FIBER CONTENT COST HOURS TO MAKE

Tctal number of garments or articles made this year

People who helped me and resources I used for this project Sharing at Different types of weaves You've Learned Fabric grain Demonstrate: Fabrics printed off-grain How to make a simple loom Weaving projects and ideas Parts of a loom How to weave

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A RAW EDGE B Cf2.0556015E A42111.5 CL.4eNG TOW i se 'TA RMS 5ELVAG E Want to Know Exhibits and Taking the Project More? Fashion Revue Again There are dozens of excellent This project was not designed You may want to take this books on weaving for children to be modeled in a fashion project for more than one .'ear. and adults. Look for them at revue unless you make a Make or use a different loom your local library. In Pennsyl- garment and have followed to help you develop new skills. vania, new 4-H resource other fashion revue rules and You may also want to set up an materials for the Textile Sci- regulations. Check both exhibit of your woven projects ence projects arc put on fashion revue and fair or at a local library or community PENpages. Ask about roundup premium listings to center. PENpages at your county know what can be entered at extension office. the county, regional, and state / levels. Every piece of your Name 64 ri,v-e. work should have a hand- Age 16 stitched label printed with your name, age, and county, 4-H clubgods ad ties in addition to your entry tag. County,Sr tee , /

Prepared by Ian Scholl, associate professor of agricultural and extension education. Issued in furtherance of Coop:rant e Extension Work, Acts of Congress May 8 and June 30,1914, in CI mperation with theS Department of Agriculture and the Pennsylvania Legislature.1..1'. Hood, Director of C(xiperative Extension, The Pennsylvania State University. This publication is available in alternative media on request. The Pennsylvania State University is committed to the polcy that all persons shall have equal assess to programs, facilities, admissum, and employment %sallow regard to per Alm' characteristics not related to ability, pertbrmance, or qualifications as determined by University polies or Iv, state or federal multi-winesThe Pennsylvania State University dots not discriminate against any person because of age, ancestrs, whir, disability or handicap, tutu mai Net Icliluous . Iced. sex, sexual orientation, or veteran status. Direct all inquiries regarding the nondiscrimination policy to the Affirmative A. tuns DII c, toi. PCIIIM is ant,( State University, 201 Willard Building, University Park, PA 16802-2801., tel. (814) 863-0471; TDD (8141865 3175.

0 The Pennsylvania State Ims ersity 1994. R5M 1 19 honun 4-H Textile Science Ak11g

Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Projects

4.01011. rrr at, f 1..1 "I°1.11 lagi 618.1 "1."NI e---Iffm 1110 II 1 klio , lir '':#141 44 .'' II 11 ig(et- tot v I 4rd ;fit , 1171,f;st :: .). oes the word "knitting" !'ii0*- r Lvil: make you think of rA,"4 ;12 $ ,w -Ir 710111, I Grandma sitting in a rocking (4.1$ F t i 4t .0 chair? Perhaps you can picture a 1,7214 Y eel :V. ,01 411 r` cozy slipper or a colorful sock in "I 0 i '4/_4 her lap and a kitten playing with 4V a ball of yarn at her feet if4X.,:,,....41::w, Knitting is clap\ ed by men W4,-;k4,; and women, boys and girls t';` ..-411 I 1-444 sit 9." Some form of it can be found in 4 tikV Pt _.4 every country of the world! 1 ivi #a.g Knitting is creative and fun. It k, 9 ir "

is easy to learn, and you can use rr .1% AV? it to produce warm clothing and 1 other useful items Don't worry vP sto if you make mistakes at first 4 iotlarkir pag,es You will' Making mistakes is vivafew goals onthe besin part of learning. just keep the if youare a Use decide knitter. practicing help you oradvanced to before Intermediate,of thesoaks take runs, most OK to Complete level. It I the.next oncejust goringto than levelmore prolect a soals. pren-num selectnew roundu? fair or What toe'S1111.11t. Study on year.It's forideas every Itltstinss areupdateditemsto listings several make youstart Athegood to before also yourskills harpen `phi )it. ways isnaking your areman}' 1 doit! "Vhere bindoff Youcan cast on,and purl; lefthglded. PEN N STATE to01.1t, if you're and 1 youlearn stitches canhelp that College of 1 leader fund theway Agricultural Sciences your to Cooperative Extension locateresources bestfor you. What You'll Need To Complete Your Knitting needles of correct size Project Good-quality yarn 1. Select your skill level with your leader's help. Small 2. Complete at least half the Six-inch ruler or or "knit goals listed in your level. check" 3. Knit one or more articles or needle or bodkin garments that will help you hook (to correct complete 'our goals. mistakessize G or 6 for 4-ply 4. Give a presentation at a club yarn) meeting. Point protectors (to protect 5. Exhibit a knitted garment or needles and prevent dropped article. stitches) 6. Complete your 4-H record. Emery board or nail file (to keep rough fingernails from Here is what you'll learn! snagging yarn) Container to hold equipment and knitting ...% ...... ow.. you1 ...I.. Vielp dittvto rAlittle %colt.. a001" 1 to the f1:01.1t. ilearn back % 1 -11-1tilvoug,il the a0111athev10y, 1 IOVCC h 1 Peekthroass)ac: I of\Illy t And ...... 1 ,990) ...... li (k-kaf\se,,, ...... , ...... To help SneakingYouPurl:u . A lasso in theback overhcad door I Go back to check the Land offto bed! garden

MUM aft. oni

rrsT NIT"; AVAIL ALE iieginuer Skills Goals 1. Learn to cast on and bind off 9. Make a pompom and a tassel. Knit two of the following articles: stitches. Slippers 10. Fold a sweater and store knitted Headband 2. Create a garter pattern with items. knit stitches. Turtleneck dickey 11. Practice cleanliness skills. 3. Create a garter stitch pattern with Leg warmers purl stitches. 12. Read numbers and other label information. Bell 4. Create a stockinette Scarf --41A "Z- (stocking). 13. Wind a ball of yarn. '1-trOZZ:r-Ztr.,-404 Simple hat ,r 5. Make a . Simple shell 6. and stitches. Simple toy 7. Check and adjust gauge. Pillow 8. Create colorful stripes. Intermediate Skills Goals . . . 1. Read directions. 5. Make a . Knit one or more of the following articles: 2. Create two or three special stitch 6. Use markers and stitch holders. Mittens patterns (such as moss, cable, 7. Pick up stitches. Headhugger or neck warmer diamond, block, or popcorn stitch). 8. Solve common knitting problems Socks (such as skipped stitches, holes, 3. Work with circular needles, Stuffed animal and twisted stitches). Rip out a jumper, and/or double pointed section of knitting and replace Cardigan sweater needles. knitting on needles. Sweater (two colors, with or 4. Learn at least one method of 9. Hand wash and block a knitted without ) joining seams. article. Accessory (hat, etc.) 10. Visit a dry cleaner. Find out Afghan about available services and common cleaning problems. Toy 11. Recognize the woolmark and Wall hanging other laundry symbols. Baby clothes 12. Wind yarn into a ball. Vest

Advanced Skills Goals 1. Learn two or three additional 8. Create a knitted garment from Article or garment using multiple creative stitches. start to finish: shearing, carding, colors and/or stitches , , and knitting. 2. Use a contrasting stitch to make a Article or garment wing a conventional design (animal, 9. Share your knitting skills with contrasting stitch landscape, etc.). another person. Article or garment combining knit 3. Combine a knitted and woven and fabric in a garment. Article or garment combining 4. Combine knit with other needle- other or work (such as ). Article or garment made on a 5. Mend a knitted garment. 6. Reclaim yarn or remake a knitted Article or garment from start to garment. finish (Goal 8) 7. Use a knitting machine. Notebook of samples and pictures for sharing skills Remade knitted garment 11 Abbreviations r Choosing Yarn Abbreviations are letters or begbeginning Yarns differ from one another in symbols that make reading CCcontrasting color many ways. They have various directions simpler. For example, dec(s)clecrcase(s) twists, sizes, and textures. They "knit one, purl one" is often dpdouble pointed may be made of one fiber (such abbreviated "Kl, P1." needles as or acrylic) or may he a Sometimes an asterisk (*) or blend of two Or more fibers. The brackets ([1) arc used to let you grgrams type recommended in the direc- know to do something in a series. in(s)inch(es) tions will best suit the item you For example, directions that say inc(s)increase(s) plan to make. (K1, P2) four times mean that kknit Yarn can't always be matched. you need to do the knit 1 and Buy all the yarn you need at one purl 2 stitches four times. An MCmain color time. Che(.k the dye lot numbers asterisk means to go back to the oz(s)ounces to see that all the yarn is the same part of the directions that are patpattern color. starred and repeat as the direc- pssopass slip stitch Find the following information tions say. over on the yarn label: Here are some other common Manufacturer's name and . Ask your ppurl address leader to show you what they reprepeat Type of yarn (, mean. Practice reading directions reds round(s) rug, baby, etc.) Fiber content (wool, acrylic, and refer to this list. SKPslip 1 stitch, knit nylon, etc.) 1, stitch, purl 1 stitch Word "virgin" or "reprocessed" skskip Number of plies (strands in the si stslip stitch yarn) si slip Amount of yarn (by weight) st(s)stitches Color name and number Dye lot number togtogether Sonietirnesto Care instructions easier yoyarn over it's agrapre tollov4vitten Reclaiming Yarn pattern'Witt/ Virgin yarn means the yarn is rkingmote Woor new. You may want to "reclaim" tINO yarn by unraveling it from an old colors. sweater or other article that can no longer be used. xxixxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxXxx Cut one stitch on 0000000000000000000000000 = Blue the edge of the -00000-00000-0000-00000- garment. Pull the 0-000---000-0-00---;000-00.Pink yarn gently and 00-0-----0-000-0-----0-00 wind on a back of a XXX-X---X-XXXX-X---X-XXX Red chair to prevent O tangles. Tie the m le = Purple skein in four places. 0 0 0 Dip it into \varm XXX-X---X-XXXXX-X---X-XXX soapy water. Rinse = Black 0120m---=.0,m0p0-0-----0-00 well in warm water -000---000-0-000---000-0 and hang to dry -00000-00000-00000,-00000- = White 0000000000001-f6700000000000 where the air will XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX circulate through it After earn is dry, Rep 12 sts End st rewind into a ball. 12 BEST COPY AVAILABLE The Stretch Test Correcting Mistakes Choose quality yarns. Try the Everyone makes mistakes. The trick is to see them and correct stretch test! Pull 10 inches of them early. Common mistakes arc dropped stitches, holes, and yarn, gently. It should reach fromtwisted or split stitches. Your leader or a reference sheet can 1 1/2 to 3 inches. Release it and help you make corrections. A is a useful tool to it should return back to close to make corrections. the same length. Needles If you are starting out, select straight knitting needles in the size recommended for your pattern. Choose plastic, wooden, or aluminum needles in a color

(Efferent from your yarn so that. DROPPED STITCH you can see your stitches. As you advance, you will use circular and double-pointed needles. You may also want to try straight needles made from wood, bamboo, or steel. Checking the Gauge With the yarn and needles you TWIST SD STITCH plan to use for your project, cast on 25 stitches. Work for 3 inches, using the stitch given in the pattern. Bind off the stitches and Sedum Finishes block. Count the number of There are many types of finishes. Some common ones ate stitches per inch. woven, backstitched, and crocheted seams. You may choose If your gauge has more stitches one or more seam finishes. For example, in a sweater, the per inch than given in the direc- backstitched seam might be used in the raglan area and a tions, try the next larger size of woven or crocheted seam used in the side and sleeve seams. needle. Make a new gauge. If your stitch gauge is less, try the next smaller needle. Make a new gauge. Gauge is important to the size and fit of the finished product!

CROCHETED SEAM

WOVEN SEAM

BACKSTITCHED SEAM

13 Cleaning, Mendino, Mending and Patching to and Storing A tear or worn spot in a knitted tta ovve Follow the laundry and care garment can be mended with a Sv4ater instructions found on most duplicate stitch or by a fold Yarn labels. new piece of yarn in place. Patches can be knit and woven Hand Washing over a hole using a kitchernef 1. Draw an outline of the gar- stitch or duplicate stitch. Pull ment or article on an old sheetsnags to the wrong side of the or heavy paper first so you can garment with a small crochet block the garment later. hook or a special mending tool. Never cut snags, because a hole 2. In lukewarm water and mild will result when the yarn ends detergent, saturate the gar- work loose. ment. Work solution through Spread sweater out. front down. garment. Soak for 2 minutes. Storage Work solution through again, Knitted garments should be being careful not to twist or folded for storage. Hanging wring. causes them to pull out of shape. After wearing, air before folding

3. Fill another basin or washtub and store in a drawer. Plastic . with cool water. Press water containers can hold moisture that through garment, releasing may damage the yarn or cause suds. You may have to use mold to develop. Clean the several basins of water to do garments before long-term or this. Again, be careful not to seasonal storage. This will prevent wring or twist the garment. insect damage and set-in stains.

Fold back each side. 4. Lay the article flat between two towels and pat dry or roll up the towels. Lay down several dry, flat towels with outline of shape on top. Pat to the proper shape and air dry away from direct heat. If fabric is resilient, you can use rust- proof to attach the gar- ment to the sheet or paper. oi kand'D StocSweatey Fold the arms down. a

Fold up the bottom.

14 Instructions for Several Beginner Projects

To finish: Thread yarn end into the bodkin or needle and do a running stitch through every other stitch along the top, pulling up tightly. Fasten off by doing three stitches in the same spot. Use the same yarn to sew up side seam of bell, using a crochet or back stitch. Weave in yarn ends along scam.

To attach metal jingle bell: Cut a piece of narrow ribbon or Bell yarn 14 inches long. Thread the Neckwarmer Make bells for the Christmas tree jingle bell onto it, positioning A ribbed band to wear like a or to decorate wedding, shower, bell in the center of the ribbon. turtleneck scarf. or baby gifts. Poke ribbon ends through top Skills: hole of yarn bell (you may have Skills: Casting on to thread them into a large-eyed Casting of needle to do this). Pull ribbon Casting off ends up through hole until jingle Knit stitch Knit stitch bell just shows below bottom of Purl stitch Purl stitch yam bell. Tic ribbon ends in a Joining yarn bow on top of the yarn bell. Sewing up a seam Weaving in ends Materials: To attach hanging loop (for use as Materials: One ball (50-gram) Sayclle yarn a Christmas decoration): Two balls (50 grams each) (makes 7 to 8 bells) Cut a piece of yarn 10 inches Shetland chunky yarn One pair size 4 needles long. Thread it into a needle. On One #6 circular needle, 24 Other: bodkin or tapestry inside of bell, weave yarn into inches long needle seam for about 1 inch at the top Bodkin 1 small jingle bell of the bell, anchor with two or three stitches just under the hole, Circular needle I4-inch narrow ribbon and poke needle out top hole of Approximate time to make: Approximate time to make: yarn bell then back in again, 4 hours 1 1/2 hours leaving a 3-inch loop. Anchor again just under hole and weave Directions: Directions: Cast on 80 stitches. Cast on 14 stitches, leaving a fl- remaining end into seam. Trim. inch tail of yarn. Row 1: rPto end of row (ribbing) Row 1: Knit 10, purl 4 Row 2: Same as row 1. Row 2: Knit 14 Repeat until neck warmer Repeat rows 1 and 2 until you measures about 10 inches or have done 36 rows (count 18 desired length. ridges). End with a knit 14 row. Cast off: Cast off. Leave a 20" length of yarn to Leave an end of yarn 12 inches 15 stitch seam. long. Weave in yarn ends and trim. Project goals I completed this year

Care I gave to my knit articles

Number of articles washed

Number of articles repaired

What I shared with others (presentations, helping other members, commmunity service projects) TOPIC OR SKILL DATE NUMBER IN AUDIENCE

My presentation title was

Project story r. r0 Man. I Use this space to write about your project. What did you do? What did you enjoy doing most? Least? Tell about the materials you selected. Include a picture or draw a sketch of your final project. Tell about any knitting books you read, the resource people who helped you, and the activities at your club meeting.

16 Kaki* Grimm Project Record 4-H Textile Science

Name

Address Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Projects Age as of January 1 .1

Club

Project level (beginner, etc.)

Number of years in this project

Leader's signature

What I made for my project and what it cost

ART'CLE OR GARMENT COST ESTIMATED VALUE

Project goals I completed this year

17° Sharing at You've Learned Demonstrate one or more of the skills listed in this project for your skill level.

Resources and Exhibits and Taking the Project References Fashion Revue Again Ask your leader about re- Check current roundup or fair You can take a project over sources and references for this premium listings to learn again by choosing, new goals project. Many are available on what you can enter as an and practicing the skills you've PENpages, at your county exhibit. Each item should already learned. Complete most extension office. Don't fbrget have a label printed with your goals before moving to the to look through craft and name, age, club, and county. next level. knitting magazines at libraries, You may model knitted bookstores, and department garments and accessories at stores. The magazines are the fashion revue. Check Name/retVim/-e packed with ideas and skills to county, regional, and state Age 76 help you. guidelines before entering. 4-H club (Cocks aa

Prepared by Jan Scholl, associate professor of agricultural and extension education. Issued in furtherance 4e:imperative Extension Work, Asts ol"Congress Mae 8 and June 30, 1914. m coitperalion ssith the I.tiDepartment or Agriculture and the Pennsylvania Legislature. LE. flood, Director of Cooperative Extension, The Pennsylvania State Universits This publication is available in alternative media on request. sous shall have equal access to potgiams, haloes, dmission, and mph Amen' ssuh,nn The Pennsylvania State Unit ersity is committedto the'I policy thatall regard to personal characteristics not related to ability, peran mance, or quahlicatit tits as determined by University policy or Its state of lederalauthorizes '1 he Pennsylvania State University does not discriminate against any person bet. alISC of ageIncestty, color, disabilitx of handkap, nationalingm,race. idigknis xlccd. sex, sexual orientation, or veteran status Direct all inquiries regarding thenondiscrimination pt,licv to the Allit unto c \soon Dm sonIlk. 1 'c1111,% Isms State University, 201 Willard Building, linnet-sits' Park, PA 16802 2801, tel (8141 863 0471, 11)1) (814) 865 31-5 0'I he Pennsylvania State Unnersitv 1994 1.8

1!= MELMIAMIL._ IBM INSIILIEBLIIIMI. 4-H Textile Science

as* ow' Beginner, Intermediate, and or se'sot Advanced Projects 111_11111111_Nre_il MEE NOW 4.16 "8.

SW II° SW'ine° . ,a

V**'4,1 W444:ji ff4.2 :2"1.1 Are you ready to crochet? This project is designed for beginning, Be >A. -- '- ...,.. .- sic.'-.,... .1 \ intermediate, and ad\ anced members To likt.:- decide \\ here vou should start, read the a,i«,;-, ,,,,,,,k..., , lists of goals on the next page Then complete most of the goals in a list betbre c:;,_ going on to the next le%el Of course, it's OK to take the pi ojcct more than once i,,,,.:,,4,47/fix ,144.,-- ,- -,:-,,;.i.,-fL -*Rki -- 3 just select lin\ goals' ,\,..r-.....k.ifit, Study fan- or toundup premium listings to decide what to exhibit The listing:, are updated (nen year It's also a good idea to make SC\ eral items to strengthen your skills :. : " :.; -'t before beginning your exhibit ttg FAS4 Now here's what you'll do! et 4t, " '410 41.4Ike...: .. 11.1.1k.". ; frtt,t#4.:14;,.744.i"%;1( , eAt'''' /46V I ,f- '...y:1;, ':S.

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PENNSTATE College of Agncultutal Sciences Cooperative Extension Beginner Skills Goals 1. Select yarn or thread 1. Make two of the following 2. Keep a record of how much materials 2. Select crochet hooks articles: cost. 3. Read abbreviations Potholder Pillow 3. Care for your crocheted garments or articles. 4. Check and adjust gauge Bean bag Purse or clutch 4. Keep work clean and organized. 5. Make a chain Coin purse Headband 5. Give a demonstration or talk at a group 6. Make a slip stitch Belt Hats meeting. 7. Single crochet Scarf Mittens 6. Exhibit two articles at roundup or fair. 8. Double crochet 7. Complete the project record. 9. Make rounds of single crochet 10. Use a beginner's book on crocheting 11. Wind a ball of yarn

Intermediate Skills Goals 1. Make a half-double crochet 1. Crochet one or more of the 2. Experiment by crocheting with fabric as 2. Make a treble crochet following articles: well as yarn. 3. Increase stitches Vest Pillow 3. Keep a record of how much materials cost. 4. Decrease stitches Bell Toy 4. Care for your crocheted garments or 5. Make a square motif Purse Afghan articles. 6. Assemble motifs Placemat Tie 5. Keep work clean and organized. Wallhanging Mittens 6. Give a presentation or lead a discussion Poncho Tablecloth at a group meeting. Shawl Baby blanket 7. Exhibit two small articles or one large Scarf Christmas article at roundup or fair. ornament Rug 8. Complete the project record.

Advanced Skills Goals 1. Make at least four of the 1. Crochet one or more of the 2. Keep a record of how much materials following stitches: shells, cluster, following articles: cost. popcorn, puff, afghan, filet, arch, Sweater Toy 3. Keep work clean and organized. knot, loop, and bullion. V3st Tablecloth or 4. Give a presentation or lead a discus- 2. Make an article or garment that runner sion at a group meeting. contains two or more colors. Coat Bedspread 5. Exhibit an article or garment made with 3. Experiment with hook sizes and Dress one or more pattern stitches. yarn types. Afghan Hat 6. Complete the project record. Gloves Scarf

Tie Poncho Pillow Baby blanket Socks Rug 20 Helpful Hints ;111117 C refers to the number of Crochet Hook Sizes Rug yarn is best used for rugs andstitches per inch and rows per itemsNil 11( )1 plate mats. inch. When making an article of a Lighter k eight yarn is suitable forcertain size, you must be sure the bedspreads, placemats, hats, bags,measurements are exactly right. tablecloths, , edgings, and This means the gauge must be 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 accessories. Its important to consistent with that given in the think about the fiber content of directions. Make a sample to the yarn, too. Wool yarn providesdetermine if your gauge agrees warmth and is flame retardant, with the one given in the instruc 111H1111 but it is usually not machine tions. If you need fewer stitches, 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 washable. try a larger hook. If you need Yarns cannot always be color- more .Aitches, try a smaller hook. matched. Plan to buy at one time Good crocheting instructions all the yarn you're going to need.should contain an explanation of Check the dye -lot numbers to abbreviations. Study the abbrevia- make sure all skeins are the same. tions below to help you follow sizes vary from a directions quickly and easily. 5 (heaviest) to a 30 (finest); Crochet hooks are made of r steel, nylon, plastic, or wood. st, stsstitch, stitches Sizes range from 00 to 15. chchain stitch United Kingdom (U.K.) sizes are also written on the package. se single crochet These sizes range from A to K. dedouble crochet For good results, use the hook end round size given in the directions and check your gauge. Crochet hooks si st slip stitch may be single- or double-ended. decdecrease Tension is controlled by the incincrease way you hold the thread as it L passes through your fingers. With practice you'll learn to relax, and An asterisk (*) means to repeat the flow of thread or yarn will the instructions as many times as become even. Even tension specified. Parentheses () arc means even work. Try to make sometimes used instead of an your loops and stitches just loose asterisk to mean the same thing. enough for the hook to go through easily. 10 13 14 15 "" means to press or steam material into shape; it is necessary in working with wool. Block all parts of any crocheted garment befbre sewing together. Doilies and fine work must also be blocked.

BEST COPY AVAILABLE Care I gave to my crochetedarticles

Number of articles washed

Number of articles repaired

What I shared with others (presentations, helping othermembers, community service) TOPIC OR SKILL DATE NUMBER IN AUDIENCE

Project story Use this space to write about your project. What did you do? What didyou enjoy doing most? Least? Tell about the materials you selected. Includea picture or make a sketch of your final project. Tell about any crochet booksor magazines you read, people who helped your meetings. you, and activities you completed at r 1

J r Crochetivig,Project Record 4-H Textile Science

Name

Address Beginner, . Intermediate, and Advanced Projects Age as of January 1 .1

4.: '74

Club :',Z. P,:' ------;-"`...---(--`. -

.c, v 'N.-.- .,.,-.,...

Project level (beginner, etc.) ;'. e 1:- 1 ..-2-t ..f.%',4;.':.1fi:;.-.1.!;": . -\ .....:....,;:-..1,3::1:0:;...%1.;...:.1/4:;:f,,..,.-777,...... ,.;'4.=n11,-ii..,..;e,.,,

\--,'-',:i . :.---4:4,1''' 4"\-\\,:',7-7. ,t:,i;fitte.:t:Z...,., Number of years in this project kt,,,s1"."-, :: -7/: +...:, .4,-,;'>-...... - ,-s ' '4.4, ,'' '''':''':71..V tt v.% 7.--:-. ..0',.;:,'N'=0,_ .,;C, -i.. ,s4 k '''

. ..\-,"1:r.'4. 4ii 4 Q *.'-ZvA.. , ..y) 'i. !. '!-:,*" ' ,1r. Al Leader's signature ''--;-;-.;-;!1...it-.;AI,A11110.ml..s;-:::-..b,:.fe -;.:..As)V°V.'-'.,.i.vit f.;;',..s.f, ."°!'"4r oc.,*,:r. ^ :-...w....-,;- :,J" - le" Z,"1...'-',%...... - \ f ...,...--/-:, -,...... -.:4:). - 4: 1.7-..i. f .,..: --*::::' What I made for my project and what it cost

ARTICLE OR GARMENT COST ESTIMATED VALUE

Project goals I completed this year

23 Sharing What You've Learned Demonstrate one or more of the skills listed in this project for your skill level.

Resources and and Other Things References for Fashion Revue You Can Do Your Project Check current roundup or fair You may take each level as Ask your leader about re- premium listings to learn what many times as you'd like to sources and references tbr thisyou can enter as an exhibit. learn and develop new skills. project. Many are available on Each item should have a label If you want to try out your PENpages, at your county printed with your name, age, own ideas, you can take the extension office. Don't forgetclub, and county. You may Textile Science "Create Your to look through craft and model crocheted garments Own" project. crochet magazines at libraries,and accessories at the fash- bookstores, and department ion revue. Check county, stores. The magazines arc regional, and state guide- Name4-dtoix-z,. lines before entering. packed with ideas and skills to Age 16 help you. 4-H clubSock' curd ties Countycflt/#et / /

Prepared by Jan Scholl, associate protinsor olagricultural and extension education. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extensi,,n Work, Acts of Congress May 8 and June 30,1914, its cooperation with the U S. Depart neat of Agricultureand the Pennsylvania Legislature. LE. flood, Dnector of Cooperative Extension, The Pennsylvania State University. This publication is available in alternative media on request.

The Pennsylvania State University is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal assess to programs, fat Butes,.1(11111`,111,And ellIpi0111011 ssnhout regard to personal characteristics not related to ability, performance, or qualifications ac determined by University policy or by state or federal authorities Tlw Pennsylvania State University thws not discriminate against any person because of age, ancestry, color, disability or handicap, natuinalorigin,me, religious s ccd, sex, sexual orientation, or veteran status. Direct all inquiries regarding the nondiscrimination policy to the Affirmatise Action The Penns\ halm Stale University, 201 Willard Building, University Park, PA 16802-2801; tel. (814) 863-0471; TDD (814) 865.3175 Tlw Pennsylvania State University 1994. 24