Borosilicate

K S Sugi 14 -5 -16

1 Introduction:

Glass is a non-crystalline amorphous solid that is often transparent and have widespread applications.

The most familiar, and historically oldest, type of glass is "silicate glass.”

Most common type of silicate are

Fused

Soda-lime-silica glass

-oxide glass

glass

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Borosilicate glass:

Borosilicate glass is a type of glass with silica and trioxide as the main glass- forming constituents.

It contains silica 81% + boric oxide (B2O3) 12% + soda (Na2O) 4.5% + alumina (Al2O3) 2.0%. Classification:

Non-alkaline-earth borosilicate glass(borosilicate glass 3.3)

is 12 –13% and SiO2 80%.

High chemical resistance and low (3.3 × 10–6 K−1) makes this a multitalented glass material.

3 Alkaline-earth-containing borosilicate glass

SiO2 - 75% and B2O3 – 8 –12%, alkaline earths and alumina (Al2O3) 5% .

Softer glasses which have thermal expansion in the range (4.0–5.0 × 10–6 K−1).

High- borosilicate glass

B2O3 – 15 –25% , SiO2 – 65 –70%, and smaller amounts of alkalis and Al2O3 as additional components.

low thermal expansion.

4 History:

First developed by German glassmaker in the late 19th century and was sold under the brand name Duran since 1893.

Later Corning Glass Works introduced in 1915, the name became a synonym for borosilicate glass in the English-speaking world.

Now, borosilicate glasses are known under trade names Otto Schott (1851 – such as Simax, Borcam, Borosil, Suprax, Kimax, Heatex, Pyrex, 1935), the pioneer of Endural, Schott, or Refmex, Kimble. modern glass science and technology

5 process: Manufacturing process depends on the product geometry.

Floating

Molten raw Fed to tin Floating glass Annealed and cut materials bath ribbon using machine

Vello process

For preparation of tubes.

6 Moulding/Molding

Precision glass moulding is a process used for Molten glass which is collected in production of high precision optical components hollow pipes is expanded by blowing from glass without grinding and polishing. process through pipes.

7 Physical properties:

The common type of borosilicate glass used for has a very low thermal expansion coefficient (3.3 × 10−6 K−1), about one-third that of ordinary soda-lime glass.

resistance.

Resistant to chemical , making it perfectly suitable for laboratory experiments.

The temperature differential that borosilicate glass can withstand before fracturing is about 165 °C (329 °F) whereas soda lime glass only a 37 °C (99 °F).

8 Material Optical Borosilicate glass

Refractive Index 1.5251 1.473 1.4 – 1.5

2.2 g/cm3 2.55 g/cm3 2.23 g/cm3 Density

E=71.5 x103 N/mm2 E=64 x103 N/mm2 Modulus of elasticity 73x106 Kpa

Coefficient of Thermal 33 x 10-7/K 5.3 x 10-7/K 95 x 10-7/K Expansion

170 to 2700 nm 320 to 2500 nm Useable optical range 334 to 2500 nm

9 Applications:

In medical field they are used as ampoules, dental cartridges implantable medical devices such as prosthetic eyes, artificial hip joints, bone cements, dental composite materials.

Pipe coolants in electronic equipments.

Semiconductor for the development of MEMS.

Microwave- and dishwasher-safe cook wares.

Used as envelope for high intensity lamps.

Used to make mirror components and of optical instruments.

Tubing made of borosilicate glass protects an advanced camera that shoots in 360 degrees.

10  is a brand of specialized toughened glass developed and manufactured by Corning, designed to be thin, light and damage-resistant. They are used in smart phones and rear .

Crown glass is a type of optical glass used in lenses and other optical components. It has relatively low (≈1.52) and low .

Kodial glass used as view ports of UHV is a borosilicate glass.

Disadvantages:

.Can react with NaH to form NaBH4.

.Borosilicate glass can still crack or shatter when subjected to rapid or uneven temperature variations.

.Hydrofluoric acid can etch borosilicate glass.

.Cant heat with phosphoric acid or strong alkaline solutions. 11 References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borosilicate_glass

https://apaviata.com/advantages-of-borosilicate-glass/

http://www.glasswaretales.com/what-is/borosilicate-glass

http://www.schott.com/magazine/english/sol109/sol109_01_125years.html

https://www.google.co.in/#q=crown+glass

http://www.corninggorillaglass.com/

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