IXPER® C calcium peroxide Solvay is an international chemical group and world leader in the peroxide chemicals market. As part of the Solvay portfolio of inorganic peroxide compounds, IXPER® C is the Solvay branded family of Calcium Peroxide based products.

IXPER® C products are available in powder or granular form and they consist predominantly of calcium peroxide. The balance is made up of calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide with natural binding agents and fillers that can be used in a number of specialty applications.

2 Product IXPER® C characteristics

Active ingredient CaO2

Molecular weight 72.08

Classification CAS Number 1305-79-9 EINECS Number 215-139-4 TSCA Number R117-7967

Physical properties Appearance Yellow-white powder or granules Odour Odourless Solubility in water Sparingly soluble at 20°C 1.65 gL-1 pH at 20°C (10g/l) ca 11.7

IXPER® C is a solid carrier of active oxygen, which upon contact with water releases hydrogen peroxide and calcium hydroxide. The generated hydrogen peroxide releases oxygen and water upon reaction and decomposition.

The low solubility of IXPER® C allows the user to control the rate of oxygen generation and to provide performance benefits in a wide range of applications. It can be used as a stand-alone product, or mixed with other ingredients into a formulated or compounded product.

3 The IXPER® C grades

• IXPER® 75C, with minimum amount • IXPER® 60C in powder or the • IXPER® 75C FCC is the most of active ingredient equal to 75%, is the granular grade IXPER® 70CG suitable grade for food and cosmetic preferred grade of calcium peroxide, with minimum amount of active applications: it complies with the for use in many applications due to its ingredient respectively equal to 60% requirements of the Food Chemical high activity. and 70% are the lower strength Codex and is Halal & Kosher certified grades that are supplied to meet (please be aware that some specific customer needs. applications of this product may be regulated or restricted by national or international standards).

4 Applications

The applications of IXPER® products Pond treatment and Aquaculture are based on their ability to generate a IXPER® C products can be used in combination of oxygen and hydrogen oxygenating parts of artificial or peroxide under various conditions. natural lakes as well as wastewater In the presence of water at their and effluents. Oxygen concentrations natural pH IXPER® decomposes to near the bottom of lakes are very low release oxygen and heat as follows: and many methods of increasing this

2CaO2 + 2H2O Ú 2Ca(OH)2 + O2 (g) are unsatisfactory either because they require excessive agitation, which moves In buffered systems with a pH nutrients to the surface encouraging substantially lower than their algae growth, or because they do not natural pH, IXPER® products exhibit ensure sufficient oxygenation. a different behavior: as the pH drops, these products become more By sinking to the bottom and dissolving soluble, and generate progressively slowly in the water, IXPER® C breaks higher ratios of hydrogen peroxide down into calcium hydroxide and oxygen (active oxygen) to gaseous oxygen. and provides a more satisfactory method + 2+ CaO2 + 2H Ú Ca (aq) + H2O2 of oxygenating the lower layers, releasing its oxygen over a period. Under acidic conditions, the available oxygen can be liberated within minutes. In Aquaculture, thanks to the above described characteristics, the use of Cosmetics Soil and groundwater remediation IXPER® C improves the environment IXPER® 75C FCC is the suitable grade for IXPER® C finds large application in soil for aquatic life breeding like shrimps cosmetic applications. bioremediation as an effective source and crabs. of oxygen. An important use of IXPER® 75C FCC Agriculture and seed coating is in toothpaste formulations, where In enhanced aerobic bioremediation, the IXPER® C can be used as a source of through the release of hydrogen peroxide ability of aerobic microbes to biologically oxygen in agricultural, horticultural to enhance the removal of superficial degrade contaminants can be limited by and forestry applications. staining, the generation of oxygen inadequate levels of oxygen: IXPER® C bubbles to help removal of particles, due to its low solubility in water, ensures When coated onto seeds or applied and calcium hydroxide to neutralize food an adequate source of oxygen over an to the soil near seeds or the roots acids, IXPER® 75C FCC helps to clean extended period of time. of plants, IXPER® C powders teeth and improve oral hygiene. grades slowly decompose in the The compounds that can be aerobically moist conditions releasing oxygen. The low solubility of IXPER® C products degraded include: benzene, toluene, This can exert a beneficial effect means that they are easier to formulate ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX), methyl on the soil, the seed or the plant into stable and safe products with a tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), total petroleum leading to earlier germination, longer lasting activity than other forms hydrocarbons (TPH), non-halogenated stronger growth and increased of active oxygen. volatile solvents and some halogenated yields. The benefit would be compounds such as vinyl chloride. expected to be greatest under Metallurgy anaerobic conditions caused by, IXPER® C is used as a source of oxygen in In particular, IXPER® 75C is a high for example, high water content or aluminothermic processes and in other quality calcium peroxide powder most compacted soil or the presence of metallurgical applications. The addition likely used for soil remediation and toxins formed from decomposing of IXPER® C to aluminothermic mixtures groundwater treatment, it can be injected vegetation. assists in ignition at lower temperatures as a slurry into a contaminated soil or and increases the temperature of the aquifer to support enhanced aerobic IXPER® C may also be used by melt, making it easier to separate microbial activity. amateur gardeners. Uniform release the slag from the metal. Exothermic of oxygen in the soil improves mixtures containing IXPER® C can also germination, encourages root be used during casting to increase growth and promotes adaptation the temperature of the feed metal, in transplanted seedlings. preventing defects. 5 Storage and handling

IXPER® C should be stored in cool, Mixing dry conditions, preferably in the original When mixing or compounding IXPER® C sealed containers. Although IXPER® C is with other substances, such mixtures not hygroscopic, the packages should be should first be made on a small scale in protected from moisture. the laboratory under protected conditions and tested for compatibility and storage In the absence of moisture, in fact, the stability. IXPER® C must not be mixed available oxygen loss is very small and with reducing products, organics or those when stored in the original containers that cause catalytic decomposition, at room temperature and protected such as metal salts, as this can lead to from moisture and contamination, the a violent reaction. product can be stored for up to 2 years. In the presence of water, decomposition Decomposition is accompanied by the occurs with the release of oxygen and the liberation of oxygen, which will support formation of calcium hydroxide solution. combustion and could cause a pressure build-up in confined places. The product should be stored under common and proper warehouse Mixing with any organic compounds conditions and contact with moisture and requires particular care and in-depth foreign materials should be avoided. safety studies beforehand, because such procedures may greatly increase It is strictly recommended not to store the potential hazard of the product. outside warehouses in open areas. Safety consultancy by SOLVAY is recommended here. IXPER® C has an irritating effect on the skin, mucous membranes and eyes. Packaging IXPER 75C calcium peroxide is available in Gloves, dust mask and dust proof 25 kg cardboard boxes and in 500/600 kg goggles should be worn when handling bulk bags. the product, particularly when it is in the powder form. In the case of contact with Transport eyes or skin it should be washed off with IXPER® C is classified as an solid oxidiser plenty of water. (UN 5.1, packaging group Il, UN1457) for transport purposes under international Equipment used for handling IXPER® C conventions. should be clean and made of suitable materials of construction, e.g. plastic, stoneware, glass, stainless steel (e.g. 316L). Holding equipment must be adequately vented to prevent a pressure burst in the event of decomposition. Further advice on handling is available on request from Solvay.

6 7 Contact

Haimo Zekoll Business Manager [email protected] Solvay S.A. T +32 2 264 1796 Rue de Ransbeek 1120 Brussels Paola Toniolo Belgium Technical Marketing Manager T +32 2 264 2111 [email protected] F +32 2 264 3061 T 0039 02 2909 2272

www.solvay.com